ETHICS QUESTIONS CHAPTER 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Read and analyze the questions carefully. Write only the letter corresponding to your choice.

1.What is morality? C) Right and wrong behavior

A) A set of laws enforced by the government. D) Legal regulations
B) A set of guidelines imposed by society.
C) A system of principles concerning the distinction between right and 12. Which of the following is an example of a non-moral standard?
wrong. A) Brushing your teeth twice a day
D) A code of conduct only relevant in religious contexts. B) Respecting elders in a community
C) Honesty in business dealings
2. Which of the following is NOT a factor that can influence an individual's D) Not stealing from a store
moral beliefs?
A) Family upbringing 13. Situational Question: John finds a wallet on the ground. Inside, he
B) Cultural background sees the owner's identification but also notices a large sum of money.
C) Personal experiences What type of standard might apply to John's decision of what to do?
D) Current social media trends A) Moral standard
B) Non-moral standard
3. What is the difference between morality and ethics? C) Legal standard
A) There is no difference; they are interchangeable terms. D) Ethical standard
B) Morality is concerned with individual character, while ethics deals with
societal standards. 14. Which of the following is a characteristic of moral standards?
C) Ethics refers to religious beliefs, while morality is secular. A) They vary widely between cultures
D) Morality is a subjective concept, while ethics are objective rules. B) They are based on personal beliefs
C) They are universal principles of right and wrong
4. A situation where you witness a friend cheating on an exam. What D) They change frequently over time
should you do according to moral standards?
A) Keep silent; it's not your business. 15. What might be an example of a non-moral standard in a workplace?
B) Report the incident to the teacher or authority. A) Treating all employees equally
C) Join in to avoid alienating your friend. B) Following safety protocols
D) Help your friend cheat better next time. C) Reporting unethical behavior
D) Respecting diversity
5. Why is it important to have moral standards?
A) To ensure conformity to societal norms. 16. Situational Question: Maria promised to meet her friend for lunch at
B) To have a basis for making decisions between right and wrong. noon. She gets caught in traffic and arrives 30 minutes late. Her friend is
C) To avoid punishment from authorities. upset. What type of standard might her friend be applying to the
D) To impose control over others' behaviors. situation?
A) Moral standard
6. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates moral relativism? B) Non-moral standard
A) Believing that honesty is always the best policy, regardless of C) Social standard
circumstances. D) Ethical standard
B) Thinking that what is considered morally acceptable varies based on
cultural context. 17. Which of the following is true about non-moral standards?
C) Believing that there are absolute moral truths that apply universally. A) They are always written in law
D) Holding the view that one's personal experiences determine what is B) They are concerned with actions that are neither right nor wrong
right or wrong. C) They are universal across cultures
D) They do not guide behavior
7. What is a moral dilemma?
A) A situation where there is a clear right or wrong choice. 18. What distinguishes moral standards from non-moral standards?
B) A conflict between two or more moral values. A) Moral standards are based on religion
C) A decision made without considering ethical implications. B) Non-moral standards are based on cultural beliefs
D) A situation where moral principles do not apply. C) Moral standards involve right and wrong actions
D) Non-moral standards are more important
8. How does empathy relate to morality?
A) Empathy is irrelevant to moral decision-making. 19. Situational Question: Sarah is at a store and realizes the cashier has
B) Empathy allows individuals to understand and consider the feelings of given her extra change by mistake. She considers keeping it but decides
others in moral situations. to return it. What type of standard might Sarah be following?
C) Empathy only applies to personal relationships, not moral choices. A) Moral standard
D) Empathy often leads to moral relativism. B) Non-moral standard
C) Legal standard
9. What does it mean to act morally? D) Ethical standard
A) To follow societal rules and regulations.
B) To act in accordance with one's personal beliefs.
C) To behave in ways that align with moral standards and principles. 20. Which of the following is an example of a moral standard?
D) To do whatever benefits oneself the most. A) Wearing appropriate attire for a formal event
B) Driving within the speed limit
10. In a situation where a law conflicts with your moral beliefs, what C) Helping someone in need
should you do? D) Showing up to work on time
A) Always follow the law to avoid consequences.
B) Ignore the law and act according to your moral beliefs. 21. Caesar finds a wallet with a large sum of money in it. He knows it
C) Seek to change the law through legal means. belongs to his elderly neighbor, Mrs. Santos, who is struggling to make
D) Abandon your moral beliefs for the sake of legality. ends meet. Ruben is also aware that Mrs. Santos has no family nearby to
help her. What should Ruben do?
11. What are moral standards concerned with? A) Keep the money for himself
A) Personal preferences B) Return the wallet to Mrs. Santos with the money intact
B) Cultural norms C) Keep a portion of the money and return the rest to Mrs. Santos
D) Leave the wallet where he found it.
22. Samantha discovers that her close friend has been spreading rumors
about her behind her back. Brenda feels hurt and betrayed. How should
Brenda handle this situation?
A) Spread rumors about her friend in return
B) Confront her friend directly and express her feelings
C) Pretend everything is fine and ignore the rumors
D) End the friendship without any explanation
23. Sammy witnesses a group of classmates bullying a new student in
school. He is afraid of becoming a target himself if he intervenes. What
should Ruben do?
A) Join in the bullying to avoid being bullied himself
B) Ignore the situation and walk away
C) Report the bullying to a teacher or school authority
D) Cheer on the bullies to fit in with the group
24. Sammy's boss asks her to manipulate some financial records to
make the company appear more profitable than it actually is. Brenda
knows this is dishonest and unethical. How should Brenda respond?
A) Agree to her boss's request to keep her job secure
B) Refuse to manipulate the records and explain her reasons to her boss
C) Manipulate the records but keep a copy of the original for evidence
D) Quit her job without saying anything
25. James' friend asks to copy his homework, as they have not
completed their assignment. Ruben knows that sharing his work would
be considered cheating. What should Ruben do?
A) Share his homework to help his friend avoid trouble
B) Refuse to share his homework and suggest studying together
C) Share his homework but change some answers to avoid direct
copying
D) Ignore his friend's request and focus on his own work
26. You witness a friend cheating on an exam, which level of moral
dilemma does this fall under?
A) Personal
B) Group
C) Societal
D) Cultural
27. Maria finds a wallet with a large sum of money on the street. She
knows she can easily take the money without anyone noticing. According
to the principle of freedom as the foundation for moral acts, what should
Maria consider before deciding what to do?
A) The consequences of taking the money
B) Whether anyone is watching her
C) Her own desires and needs
D) The ethical implications and her personal values
28. John is in a situation where he has the opportunity to cheat on his
final exam. He knows that if he cheats, he will get a perfect score, but if
he doesn't, he might fail the course. How does the principle of freedom
guide John's decision-making in this situation?
A) He should consider the consequences of getting caught
B) He should listen to his friends' advice
C) He should weigh his desire for a good grade against the risk of failing
D) He should reflect on the ethical implications and his personal values
29. Sara is at a store and realizes that the cashier has undercharged her
for an expensive item. According to the principle of freedom as the
foundation for moral acts, what should Sara consider when deciding what
to do?
A) Whether the cashier is new and might get in trouble
B) How much money she has in her wallet
C) Whether she can get away with paying the lower price
D) The ethical implications of honesty and her personal values
30. Michael is part of a group project at school. One of his group
members is not contributing at all, but Michael knows that if he speaks
up, it might create conflict. How should Michael approach this situation
based on the principle of freedom as the foundation for moral acts?
A) He should confront the group member immediately
B) He should ignore the issue to avoid conflict
C) He should consider discussing the problem with the rest of the group
D) He should reflect on the ethical implications and his personal values
31. Emily sees a friend shoplifting at a store. She knows her friend is
going through financial difficulties. According to the principle of freedom
as the foundation for moral acts, what should Emily consider before
taking any action?
A) Whether her friend will get caught
B) How much trouble her friend might be in
C) Emily's own feelings about shoplifting
D) The ethical implications of honesty and her personal values
32. David overhears his coworkers making disrespectful comments about
their boss behind his back. David disagrees with these comments but
worries about being ostracized if he speaks up. How should David
approach this situation according to the principle of freedom as the
foundation for moral acts?
A) He should join in to fit in with his coworkers
B) He should speak up and express his disagreement respectfully
C) He should avoid the group altogether
D) He should reflect on the potential consequences for himself
33. Lily is given too much change by a distracted cashier. She notices the
mistake but is in a hurry to catch a bus. What should Lily consider before
deciding what to do, based on the principle of freedom as the foundation
for moral acts?
A) How much extra money she has received
B) Whether she will be late for the bus if she goes back
C) The ethical implications of honesty and her personal values
D) Whether the cashier will get in trouble for the mistake
34. You are traveling to a foreign country where it is considered
customary to remove your shoes before entering someone's home. You
are invited to a local's house for dinner. What should you do?
A) Keep your shoes on, as it's more hygienic.
B) Politely remove your shoes before entering.
C) Ask the host if they mind if you keep your shoes on.
D) Walk in and see what everyone else is doing before deciding.
35. In some cultures, it is common to bow as a sign of respect when
greeting someone. You are meeting a business partner from one such
culture. What should you do?
A) Shake their hand firmly, as that is the universal sign of respect.
B) Bow slightly to match their gesture of respect.
C) Hug them warmly to show friendliness.
D) Smile and nod your head in acknowledgement.
36. You are in a restaurant in a different country and notice that people
are using their hands to eat. However, you were brought up to always
use utensils. What should you do?
A) Ask the waiter for utensils, explaining your preference.
B) Politely try to use your hands as others are doing.
C) Eat with your hands, it's a cultural experience.
D) Refuse to eat until they provide you with utensils.
37. You are invited to a wedding in a country where it is customary to
give money as a gift. What should you do?
A) Bring a traditional gift from your own culture.
B) Give a small amount of money as a token of goodwill.
C) Give a large amount of money to show your generosity.
D) Politely decline the invitation.
38. You are working on a project with colleagues from diverse cultural
backgrounds. There is a disagreement on how to proceed. What should
you do?
A) Insist on your own approach since it's the most efficient.
B) Try to understand each person's perspective and find a compromise.
C) Go to your supervisor and ask them to decide.
D) Leave the project since it's too complicated.
39. You are visiting a country where tipping is not customary. After
receiving excellent service at a restaurant, what should you do?
A) Leave a large tip to show your appreciation.
B) Leave a small tip to acknowledge the service.
C) Thank the server verbally and leave without tipping.
D) Ask the server if they would like a tip.
40.You are offered a traditional dish in a foreign country that you find
unappealing. What should you do?
A) Politely try a small portion to be respectful.
B) Refuse to eat it and explain why you don't want to.
C) Ask for an alternative dish.
D) Pretend to eat it and hide it discreetly.
41. You are in a meeting with colleagues from various cultures. One
colleague makes a joke that others find offensive due to cultural
differences. What should you do?
A) Laugh along to avoid awkwardness.
B) Politely explain why the joke might be offensive.
C) Ignore the comment and continue the meeting.
D) Report the colleague to HR for making offensive remarks.
42. You are invited to a religious ceremony in a culture different from your
own. What should you do?
A) Decline the invitation to avoid discomfort.
B) Attend with an open mind and respect the customs.
C) Attend but keep a distance to observe.
D) Attend but refuse to participate in any rituals.
43. You are working on a team project where one member consistently
arrives late, which is considered rude in your culture. How should you
handle this?
A) Confront the team member in front of everyone.
B) Speak to the team member privately and express your concerns.
C) Ignore the behavior and focus on your work.
D) Arrive late yourself to make a point.
44. You find a wallet on the ground with cash and identification. What
should you do?
A) Take the cash and return the wallet
B) Leave the wallet where it is
C) Take the wallet to the nearest police station
D) Keep the wallet and throw away the identification
45. You see a co-worker spreading false rumors about another colleague
that could harm their reputation. What is the appropriate action?
A) Join in the conversation to fit in with the team
B) Ignore the situation completely
C) Confront the co-worker privately about the rumors
D) Spread more rumors to divert attention
46. Your friend asks you to cover for them by lying to their boss about
their absence from work. What should you do?
A) Agree to help to maintain the friendship
B) Refuse to lie and suggest an alternative solution
C) Lie to the boss without hesitation
D) Report your friend's absence to their boss
47. You witness a classmate cheating on a test. What should you do?
A) Keep quiet and focus on your own work
B) Confront the classmate in front of others
C) Report the incident to the teacher privately
D) Help the classmate cheat to avoid them getting caught
48. You are in a group project, and one member is not contributing at all.
What is the best course of action?
A) Do all the work yourself to ensure a good grade
B) Complain to the teacher about the unhelpful member
C) Talk to the group member to understand their situation
D) Exclude the member from the project
49. You notice a homeless person outside a grocery store asking for
food. What should you do?
A) Ignore them and continue shopping
B) Buy them food or a meal
C) Offer them money without engaging further
D) Tell them to go to a homeless shelter
50. A colleague takes credit for your work in a meeting. What should you
do?
A) Confront the colleague publicly during the meeting
B) Let it go and address it later in private
C) Speak to your supervisor immediately after the meeting
D) Sabotage the colleague's work in return
51. You discover that a product you recently purchased was priced lower
than it should have been. What should you do?
A) Keep the product and enjoy the lower price
B) Return the product and notify the store of the error
C) Sell the product for a higher price
D) Keep quiet and hope no one notices
52. You witness someone being harassed on public transportation. What
is the best action to take?
A) Ignore the situation and stay out of it
B) Record the incident on your phone
C) Intervene and ask the harasser to stop
D) Change seats to avoid the conflict
53. You accidentally receive extra change from a cashier. What should
you do?
A) Keep the extra money and leave
B) Return the extra change to the cashier
C) Spend the extra money on something else
D) Ask for more change to see if they notice
54. Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies extreme family
centeredness?
A) Juan always puts his family's needs above his own, even if it means
sacrificing his personal goals.
B) Maria often spends time with her friends rather than her family,
prioritizing her social life.
C) Miguel believes in maintaining a healthy balance between his family
and personal life.
D) Sofia believes that family should be secondary to career ambitions.
55. Which scenario demonstrates extreme personalism?
A) Anna regularly volunteers at community events to help those in need.
B) Carlos only helps others if he believes it will benefit him personally.
C) Luis believes in the importance of community and collective action.
D) Elena always considers the needs of others before her own.
56. Identify the situation that reflects a lack of discipline:
A) Rafael sets specific goals for himself and consistently works towards
achieving them.
B) Rosa frequently procrastinates and struggles to meet deadlines.
C) Ingrid follows a strict schedule to ensure she completes her tasks
efficiently.
D) Diego is known for his punctuality and reliability.
57. Which scenario represents passivity and lack of initiative?
A) Mateo takes the lead in organizing a fundraising event for a local
charity.
B) Julia waits for others to make decisions before taking any action
herself.
C) Camila actively seeks out opportunities for personal and professional
growth.
D) Andres is always eager to volunteer for new projects and challenges.
58. Which situation reflects a colonial mentality?
A) Rodrigo takes pride in his Filipino heritage and actively promotes local
traditions.
B) Isabella prefers imported products over locally made goods, believing
they are superior.
C) Juanito supports small businesses in his community to boost the local
economy.
D) Sofia embraces her culture and language, valuing its uniqueness.
59. Identify the example of kanya-kanya syndrome:
A) Antonio collaborates with his colleagues to achieve common goals at
work.
B) Maria consistently withholds information from her team to gain an
advantage.
C) Felipe shares credit with his team members for a successful project
outcome.
D) Elena ensures everyone on her team has equal opportunities for
growth.
60. Which scenario illustrates crab mentality?
A) Carlos supports his friend's business venture and helps promote it
within their network.
B) Laura feels jealous of her coworker's promotion and tries to undermine
her success.
C) Sofia celebrates her friend's accomplishments and offers her support.
D) Mateo encourages his sibling to pursue their passion, even if it means
taking risks.

61. Identify the situation reflecting a lack of self-analysis and self-

reflection:
A) Marta regularly evaluates her actions and decisions to learn and grow
from them.
B) Juanito often blames external factors for his failures without
considering his own actions.
C) Maria seeks feedback from others to improve her performance at
work.
D) Andres takes responsibility for his mistakes and works on self-
improvement.

62. Which scenario emphasizes porma (outward appearance) over

substance?
A) Sofia focuses on developing her skills and knowledge to excel in her
field.
B) Carlos spends more time perfecting his presentation slides than
understanding the content.
C) Rosa values honesty, integrity, and hard work in all aspects of her life.
D) Mateo prioritizes building genuine relationships with his colleagues
over networking events.

63. Which situation demonstrates a combination of extreme family

centeredness and lack of self-analysis?
A) Miguel always follows his parents' advice without questioning their
reasoning.
B) Elena frequently reflects on her decisions to ensure they align with her
values and goals.
C) Juanita prioritizes her family's needs but also critically evaluates her
role within the family.
D) Carlos often ignores his family's wishes, focusing solely on his own
desires.

64. What does "porma" typically refer to in Filipino culture?

a) Substance and depth
b) Style and appearance
c) Integrity and honesty
d) Humility and modesty

65. In group projects, what behavior might a person with passivity and
lack of initiative exhibit?
a) Taking leadership roles
b) Waiting for instructions
c) Proactively seeking solutions
d) Offering creative ideas