National Park:

Orissa:

Simlipal National Park: It includes

• Simlipal Tiger reserve, Mayurbhanj elephant reserve.

• It also has Hadhgarh WLS and Koldihwa WLS.
• Simlipal Biosphere Reserve is a part of UNESCO Man and Biosphere program since
2009.
• There are two peaks- Kiriburi Peak and Meghasani Peak.
• Since 2009, Magar Crocodile scheme is in operation.
• Rivers passing through this national park are Kharkai river and Palpala river.
• Royal Bengal Tiger, Elephant, Gaur/Indian Bison, Chausingha.

Bhitarkanika NP:

• It is also WLS. Gahirmatha Beach and Marine Sanctuary separate mangroves of Bay of
Bengal from Bhitarkanika NP.
• Bhitarkanika has 2nd largest mangrove ecosystem in India.
• Brahmani and Vaitarni flows through this NP.
• Endangered Salt water crocodile and white crocodile is found. Black Ibis is the most
important bird of this park.

Mizoram:

Murlen NP:

• Situated at Chin hills. It is very near to Leng Teng WLS

• Rhododendron and Hollock Gibbon

Phawhgpui NP:

• Also called blue mountain NP

• Blue mountain is highest peak of Mizoram
• Orchids and rhododendron are found

Meghalaya:

Balpakhram National Park:

• Located in Garo Hills. This NP is also called abode of perpetual winds/Land of Spirit
• Barking deer and Golden Cat
• Siju caves near Balpakram NP

Nokrek National Park:

• Situated in Garo hills. Also the Biosphere reserve.

• It has Red Panda
 • River Simsang passes through this park. This river is also called Someshwari river.
• Rong Bang Dam waterfall in Nokrek

Balpakram +Nokrek = Biodiversity Hotspot

Manipur:

Keibul Lamjao NP:

• Only floating National Park of the world. It is the interior part of Loktak lake.
• Floating decomposed plant material is called Phumdis.
• Endangered Eld Deer/Brow-antlered Desert/Sangai/Dancing deer.
• Tribes- Thang, Brel, Maril

Sirohi NP:

• Famous for Sirohi Lillies.

• Tiger, leopard,
• Tragopan bird is found here

H.P

Great Himalayan National Park-

• UNESCO world heritage site

• Snow Leopard, Himalayan Tahr, Musk Deer, Himalayan Brow Deer

Pin Valley National Park

• Lahaul and Spiti district of H.P

• It is located within cold desert Biosphere reserve
• Snow Leopard, Siberian Ibex,
• Himalayan Cedar

Haryana:

Sultanpur National Park and Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary

Kaleshar National Park –

1. Red Jungle Fowl

2. Sal Forest in Shivalik Hills

Chhattisgarh:

Indravati National Park:

• Also, a tiger reserve on river Indravati

• Wild Buffalo and Hilly Maina- One of the last populations of endangered white Asian buffalo.
 • Located in Jagdalpur district.

Kangergatti National Park:

• Also called Kanger valley National Park

• It is dense NP in Jagdalpur district
• Kanger river passes through it.
• Hill Maina- state bird of Chhattisgarh is found
• Limestone caves are found
• Tirathgarh waterfall is here
• This national park is the last region which has mixed moist deciduous forest are found. Sal,
Teak and Bamboo.

Jammu and Kashmir

Dachigam National Park:

• Hangul/Kashmir Stag –
• Coniferous forest with broad leaf is found here.
• It is located in Zabarwan range of Western Himalayan.
• Musk deer and snow leopard

Hemis National Park-East Ladakh :

• It is second highest altitude national park. It has highest density of snow leopard in the world.
• Only National park which is north of Himalaya-also largest national park of India.
• 2nd largest protected area after Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve.
• Indus river flows through this.
• Hemis is also the largest national park in South Asia.
• It has number of Tibetan gompas including Hemis monastery in Ladakh.
• Also Chang tang cold desert wild life sanctuary is located in west and north Tibet which
extends into south east ladakh. Rare black necked crane is found here. Tibetan wild ass, ;
• This WLS is surrounded by two famous lake
• Tsomoriri- the highest lake
• Pyongong Tso Lake.
• Hemis National Park is on the border where Zaskar meets Indus river. The highest peak of this
NP, is Stok Kangri

Kishtwar National Park:

Rinnay river and Marwa river (joins Chenab) flows through this NP.

Himalayan Snow Cock, Brown Bear

In Jammu and Kashmir there are two WLS:

1. Chang Tang cold desert WLS

2. Karakoram WLS, Leh has main migratory population of Chiru-Tibetan Antelope
Assam:

Dibru Saikhowa NP:

• Also a biosphere reserve

• Brahmaputra, Lohit and Dibru river passes through this. Largest Swamp forest in North-east
India
• Largest Salix Willows are found here. Tiger, langur, rare white winged wood duck, water
buffalo, black breasted parrot bill,

Kaziranga NP:

• UNESCO world heritage site. ; 2/3rd of world’s one horned Rhinos, ; also Tiger reserve;
• Located in Eastern Himalaya Biodiversity Hotspot;
• River passing through includes
• Dithlu and Dhansiri river.
• animals- Endangered Ganges Brahmaputra Dolphin, Wild Asiatic Water Buffalo(2nd most
important after rhino- world’s 57% is found here), Swamp deer
• Kaziranga is also recognized by Bird Life International as important Bird Area.

Manas NP:

• It is also UNESCO world heritage site.

• It is also Biosphere Reserve, Elephant reserve and Project Tiger Reserve.
• Hispid Hare, pygmy Hog, Golden Langur, Assam roofed turtle, wild water buffalo.

Nameri National Park:

• Shares the boundary with Pakhui WLS of Arunachal Pradesh.

• A bird called Ibis Bill is found here.

Orang National Park

• Situated in Brahmaputra river valley. Also called as Mini Kaziranga

• Great one-horned Rhino.
• Also critically endangered Pygmy Hog
• Wild buffalo, elephant and Tiger
• River passing include Dhansiri river and Pachnoi River

West Bengal:

1. Buxa Tiger Reserve and Buxa National Park:

• Just south of Bhutan. It is contiguous with Phipsu WLS of Bhutan and
• Manas National Park lies east to Buxa.
• Hence, Buxa is an international corridor for Asian Elephant Migration for India and Bhutan.
• A sacred temple called Mahakaleshwar Jyotirling lies in this reserve.
 • Raidak and Jayanti passes through this reserve.

Gorumara National Park: It is popular for Indian Rhino. It is located in Eastern Himalayan Tarai belt in
N-W Bengal and this is the duar region.

o It is a water shed area between Ganga and Brahmaputra.

o Leopard is found. But famous for Butter Fly.
o Raidak and Jal Dhaka river( tributary of Brahmaputra) flows

Neora Valley National Park: North-west Bengal

• Richest biologocial zone in entire North-east

• Red Panda
• Rachela Danda is the highest point of this park bordering Sikkim and Bhutan.

Singalila National Park:

It is in Darjeeling- N-W Bengal. It is towards Nepal. Border of Sikkim and Nepal.

Sundarban National Park:

• BIOSPHERE reserve, UNESCO natural Heritage, Biosphere Reserve, Tiger Reserve,

Mangroves,
• Endangered species of Sundarbans Royal Bengal Tiger, Salt Water Crocodile, Olive Ridley
Sea Turtle, River Terrapin, Ganges river Dolphin, Hawksbill Turtle, Mangroves, Horse Shoe
Crab.

Jaldapara National Park:

• Back of Torsa river. Close to Gorumara river and close to Chilpata forest (an elephant
corridor between Buxa and Jaldapara)
• It is famous for Indian One-horned Rhino and largest Rhino population after Kaziranga NP.

Uttarakhand:

Jim Corbett National Park:

• First park to come under project tiger. It is located in Patli Dun valley.
• Endangered Bengal Tiger, Elephant, Gharial
• Ramganga river passes through Jim Corbett.
• Kalagadh Dam is located in this park.
• Tribe called Boksa are found here.
• Govind Pashuvihar WLS is found here.

Gangotri National Park:

Nanda Devi National Park plus Valley of flowers National Park

• Are both World Heritage Site.

• Govind Pashuvihar WLS + Nanda devi NP = Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve
• River Rishi Ganga passes through this NP.
• Himalayan Tahr, Himalayan Musk Deer, Mainland Serow
RAJAJI National Park:

• Is the north-western limit for both elephant and tigers in India.

• It is also a tiger Reserve ( recently declared along with Kudremukh Tiger Reserve)
• Rajaji NP is the core area of Rajaji Tiger reserve.

Valley of Flower National Park:

Nanda devi NP is situated east of Valley of Flower NP.

• The area lie in the Zaskar range of Himalaya.

• Highest range is Gauri Parbat.
• River flowing through is Pashupati River.
• Snow Leopard is found here

GUJARAT

Black Buck National Park:

• Gulf of Khambat
• Black buck

Gir National Park:

• Gulf of Khmabat
• National Park + WLS
• Kamleshwar Dam is located here
• 7 major perineal rivers flows through this.
• Asiatic Lion, Nilgai, Chital, 4 horned Antelope

Marine National Park-

• Gulf of Kutch
• First Marine National Park of India
• Flamingoes, Coral, Pearl Oryster, Star Fish, Sea Cucumbers, Sea Archins

Vansda National Park

• Famous for Bamboo

• Ambika river flows through this.

Rajasthan:

• Desert National Park: It is near Jaisalmer. It is one of the largest national park.
• Important animals- Great Indian Bustard, Black Buck, Chinkara
• Great Indian Bustard is critically endangered
Keoladeo national park:/Ghana and Bharatpur Bird sanctuary:

• Manmade and man managed wetland

• Richest Bird area in the world.
• River Gambhir and Banganga river. It is a Ramesar Wetland site,
• It is a staging ground for migratory water fowl.
• Critically endangered Siberian Crane in winter.
• Haron Spoon Bill is also found here.

Ranthambore national Park

• Banas and Chambal river flows through it.

• Project tiger is here.
• Very famous for tigers
• Temple is Lord Sumatinath temple(Jains 5th tirthankar) and Lord Sambhavnath temple.
• There is another Digambhar Jain temple

Sariska National Park and Tiger Reserve: Bengal tigers are found here

Telangana

1. Mahavir Harina Vanasthali NP: Deer National Park and also state animal of A.P- Black Buck
2. Mrugavani National Park –
3. Kashu Brahmananda National Park

A.P

Papikonda National Park

Karnataka:

Anshi National Park: Bengal Tiger, Black Panther, Indian Elephant

This NP borders Goa and Karnataka

Anshi NP + Dandeli WLS = Anshi Dandeli Tiger Reserve

Bandipur National Park:

• Tiger reserve.
• Dry deciduous forest
• Kabini from North, Moyar river in South, Nugu in centre
• Tiger, Gaur, Pea fowl, elephant, leopard, Sloth Bear.

Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve = Bandipur NP + Nagarhole NP+ Muddumalai NP + Waynad WLS

Bangerghatta NP:

• Moist deciduous forest

• Elephants can roam freely without chains
• Biological Park
Nagarhole NP:

• It is part of Project Tiger.

• It is part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
• Nagarhole NP is also known as Rajiv Gandhi NP
• River Kabini divides Nagarhole and Bandipur
• Jenu Kurubas is a tribe here as primary inhabitants
• Koragas are honey collectors.
• Endemic animals include Blue winged Parakeet, Malabar grey horn bill

Tamil Nadu

Guindy NP:

• Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park:

• Also, a biosphere reserve
• Coral reef is found, dugong is the flagship mammal of the park;
• Endangered green turtle
• Olive ridley turtle
• Humped backed whale is critically endangered
• Blue whale
• Fin whale

Indira Gandhi WLS and NP/ Annamalai Tiger reserve

• Endangered Bengal tiger. Nilgiri Tahr, Lion Tailed Macau

• Indian Elephant, Horned Antelope, Giant squirrel/flying squirrel
• They are found in South-Western Ghats

Muddumalai NP

• Also, a tiger reserve as well as WLS

• It is situated north of Nilgiri
• It is the border of Kerala and Karnataka
• Indian elephant, Bengal tiger, Indian leopard and Gaur
• It is also home to critically endangered Indian white Humped Vulture and
• Long billed vulture.

Mukurti NP

• Keystone species is Nilgiri Tahr.

• Hence also called Nilgiri Tahr NP
• Montane grassland/ Shola forest.
• It is also part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Here we find the TODA tribes.
Nilgiri Biosphre Reserve is India’s first international Biosphere reserve under MAB of UNESCO

Palani Hills WLS and NP: / Kodaikanal WLS and NP:

• Palani hills are one of the oldest mountain range of India.

• It has numerous waterfalls. (26).
• Thalaiyar Waterfalls is here- highest fall of TN and third highest of India.
• It is the eastern most part of Western Ghats

Kerala:

Annamudi NP:

Western ghats

World heritage site under consideration

Protected area includes:

1. Mathikettan NP- also known as Shola forest

2. Eravikulam NP
3. Pampadun Shola NP
4. Chinnar WLS
5. Kurinjimala WLS

Eravikulam NP:

• Most rich in wild life

• Annai Mudi – highest peak of Western Ghat is located here
• Lakkom Waterfall
• River Periyar and Kaveri meets in this NP
• Largest surviving population of Nilgiri Tahr is found in this NP

Mathikettan NP: Shola forest

Pampadun Shola NP:

• It is smallest NP of kerala.
• It is along with Palani hills NP, Tamil Nadu
• Keystone species is highly endangered Nilgiri Marten

Periyar NP:

• It is tiger reserve and elephant reserve. It is located in Cardomom Hills and Pandalam Hills of
South-western Ghats bordering Tamil Nadu
• River Pamba river and Periyar river originates in this reserve.
• Mulla Periyar dam is here.

Silent valley NP: Northern Kerala

 • Largest NP of Kerala located in Nilgiri Hills.
• It has both rain forest and tropical moist evergreen forest. These are the last undisturbed
forest left in India
• This NP is the core area of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. It is also a part of UNESCO’s world
heritage site under Western Ghats
• Lion Tailed Macau,
• Kantipuzha and Bharatpuzha, drains here.
• Mudugar, Irula, Kurumber are the three tribes found here.

In the order of altitude.

1. At base- broad leaved tropical and sub-tropical moist forest

2. Middle- Montane rain forest
3. Upper- Shola forest and also stunted forest
4. Upper most: Shola forest intersperced with grassland

Maharashtra

Chandoli NP:

• Southern part of Sahyadri Tiger Reserve

• Koyna WLS(North)- Sahyadri Tiger Reserve- Chandoli NP

Gugamal NP

Karnala Bird Sactuary/NP

Navgaon NP

Tadoba NP:

• Also, a Tiger Reserve

• It is largest NP of Maharastra
• 4 horned deer;

Sanjay Gandhi NP:

• Also known as Boriwali NP

• Kanheri caves are inside this park; are made of Basalt rock
• In this caves, there is trimurti statue of digambar sect.
• Lord Adinath, lord Bahubali and Lord Bharat.

Madhya Pradesh:

Bandhavgarh NP:

• Highest density of tiger population. It is also a tiger reserve.

• Gaur /Nilgai/ Indian Bison (is extinct)

Fossil NP- Mandla ,MP

It has fossils. It is in Narmada valley.

It is between Narmada and Tapi

Kanha National Park:

• It is a tiger reserve. It is largest park of central India in mandla district of M.P

• Four horned deer.
• Barasingha.; Chital, chinkara, leopard and tiger.
• In this park baiga tribe and gond tribe live.

Panna NP:

It is in chattarpur-panna district; also, a tiger reserve.

1. Ken river flows here.

2. It is a middle point between upper gangetic moist deciduous forest and southern tropical and
sub-tropical dry broad leaved forest- which extend till Cape Comorin.

Pench National Park:

• South M.P
• It is also a tiger reserve

Vanvihar NP- Bhopal:

Satpura NP:

Madhav NP

Sanjay NP: it is a part of Sanjay Dhubri Tiger reserve. This reserve is extended in Chattisgarh and in
Chattisgarh it is called Guru Ghasidas National Park.

Andaman Nicobar:

1. Campbell NP: Great Nicobar. It is a part of great Nicobar biosphere reserve- north of Sumatra.
2. Galathia NP: Great Nicobar; Part of GNBR; Nicobari pigeon found here
3. Mahatma Gandhi Marine NP: Corals(fringing reef), sea turtles, mangrove vegetation
4. Middle Button Island NP: Spotted deer(axis-axis)
5. Mount Harriet Np: Top three highest peak of Andaman Nicobar; Saddle Peak in North
Andaman; Mount Thullier in great Nicobar; Mt. Harriet near port Blair.

Andaman Wild pig(endangered), salt water crocodile, robber crabs,

Mt. Harriet is also a butterfly hotspot

6. North Button Island NP: Andaman; Dugong and dolphins

7. Rani Jhansi Marine Np:
8. Saddle peak NP: Whales
9. South button Island Np: Dugong, water lizard.

General facts:

• Oldest Np- Muddumalai Np- 1940’s

• All the NP in India comes under IUCN category II
• First NP- Jim Corbett/Halley NP in 1936
 • Hazaribagh NP in Jharkhand 1954
• Salim Ali National Park in Jammu Kashmir- Hangul and Black bear.
• Mount Abu WLS- Rajasthan
• Nandan Kannan Zoological Park- Orissa. – Has white tiger.
• Chilika lake bird sanctuary is largest brackish water lagoon in Asia. ;Water Fowl, duck and
Crane is found here.
• Periyar WLS has Horn Bill. Elephant is also found.
• In A.P- Nagarjuna Sagar WLS- Tiger is found.
• Sultanpur Bird Sanctuary-Haryana- Green pigeon, Saras, Crane, duck.
• Bir Moti Bagh WLS- Punjab- Wild Boar; Hog Deer; Nilgai.
• SHikhari devi WLS- H.P- Snow Leopard, Flying Fox, Black bear.
• India’s largest Tiger Reserve is Nagarjuna Sagar and smallest is Ranthambore.
• Black buck is a native of India. The male has spirally twisted horn.
• National Forest Policy 1952- amended in 1988. Forest Conservation act came in 1980.
• Indian forest act in 1927.
• Biosphere reserve scheme since 1986 has started.
• 1972- Wildlife protection act (got amended in 1991 to include plants)
• Chipko Movement- 1973- Sundarlal bahuguna, Chandi Prasad Bhatt
• Apikko Movement –Karnataka- 1983- Pandu rang Hedge.
• Project Hangul – Jammu Kashmir, IUCN, WWF
• Project Himalayan Musk Deer- Uttar Pradesh+ Central Government+IUCN
• Project Brow Antlered Deer- Manipur- 1997

• Project crocodile breeding project – UNDP aur Central government

• Project Gir- Gujarat and central government
• Project tiger- central government only
• Green data book- list of rare plants in protected areas
• Red data book- Also called Pink Pages. List of animals and Plants in danger. These two are
maintained by IUCN
• Sikkim is known for butterfly
• Sacred grooves- Karnataka, Meghalaya, Kerala, Maharashtra, Sikkim.
• Sikkim has sacred lake- Khacheopaleri
Alien or Exotic- new species entering geographic area are called Alien. They will reduce or affect the
native species- They are also exotic species.
• Water hyacinth
• Nile Perch
• African Cat fish.

Wildlife Sancuaries:
 1. Chinar Wildlife Sanctuary- Kerala
2. Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary- Karnataka
3. Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary- Assam

Arunachal Pradesh:

• Pakhui Wildlife Sanctuary

• Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary
• Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary
• Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary
• Eagle Nest Wildlife Sanctuary
• Sessa Orchid Sanctuary
• Talle Valley Wildlife Sanctuary

Assam

• Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary

• Lakhoa Wildlife Sanctuary
• Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary
• Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary
• Hoollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary
• Dibru Saikhowa Wildlife Sanctuary

Bihar

• Bhimband Wildlife Sanctuary

• Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary
• Udaipur Wildlife Sanctuary
• Kanwar Lake Bird Sanctuary

Chattisgarh

• Udanti Wildlife Sanctuary

• Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary
• Barnaw Para Wildlife Sanctuary
• Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary

Gujarat

• Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary

• Indian Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary
• Barda Wildlife Sanctuary
• Shul Paneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary

Goa
 • Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary
• Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary

Himachal Pradesh

• Renuka Wildlife Sanctuary

• Nargu Wildlife Sanctuary
• Chail Wildlife Sanctuary
• Dharangati Wildlife sanctuary
• Sainj Wildlife sanctuary

Jammu Kashmir

1. Kanji Wildlife Sanctuary

2. Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary
3. Chang Tang Wildlife Sanctuary- Ladakh
4. Dachigam Wildlife Sanctuary

Jharkhand

• Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary

• Gautam Budh Wildlife Sanctuary
• Parasnath Wildlife Sanctuary

Karnataka

• Ghatprabha Wildlife Sanctuary

• Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary
• Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary

Kerala

• Chinar Wildlife Sanctuary

• Idduki Wildlife Sanctuary
• Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary
• Thattekad Bird Sanctuary
• Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary- famous for Shola Grassland
• Kumarkom Bird sanctuary
• Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary
• Wayanad Wildlife sanctuary

M.P
 • Bori Wildlife Sanctuary
• Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary
• Ken Gharial Wildlife Sanctuary
• Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary
• Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary
• Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary
• Singhori Wildlife Sanctuary
• Veerangana Durgawati Wildlife sanctuary
• Bandhavgarh National Park

Maharashtra

• Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary

• Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary
• Ratnagiri Wildlife Sanctuary
• Phensad Wildlife Sanctuary

Meghalaya

• Nongkhyllem wild life sanctuary

Mizoram

• Dampa Tiger Reserve

Orissa

• Nalbana Bird Sanctuary

• Satkosia Wildlife Sanctuary
• Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary
• Bhitarkanika National Park

Rajasthan

• Phulwari Wildlife Sanctuary

• Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary
• Sambhar Wildlife Sanctuary
• National Chambal Sanctuary

U.P

• Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary

• Okhla Bird Sactuary
 • Samaspur Bird Sanctuary

Andhra Pradesh

• Koundinya Wildlife Sanctuary

• Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuary
• Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary

Telangana

• Pocharam Wildlife Sanctuary

• Pakhal Wildlife Sanctuary
• Kinnersani Wildlife Sanctuary
• Eturnagaram Wildlife Sanctuary

Tamil Nadu:

• Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary- oldest

• Mundanthurai Wildlife Sanctuary
• Annamalai Wildlife Sanctuary/Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary
• Gulf of Mannar –Marine National Park
• Satyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary
• Kallakad Mudenthurai Tiger Reserve
• Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve

Andaman Nicobar-

• Mahatma Gandhi marine national park

• Wandur national park

Uttarakhand

• Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary

• Govind Wildlife Sanctuary
• Rajaji National Park
• Valley of flower national park

West Bengal

• Sundarban Biosphere Reserve