Abduc Zialickhkrke L

Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

LKL @
ZIEDKFYCYKE

K. Tuhuke Yaua

]iti
]itick
ckf
f ai
aiap
apic
ickh
khkr
kr`` ab
abdu
ducc `e`
`e` pi
pisi
sirt
rtk
k d`
d`d`
d`n
n d`
d`fk
fkrk
rkpn
pnke
ke ak
akap
apu
u ai
aiei
eirk
rkpn
pnke
ke
pirkw
pirkwktk
ktke
e sim
simkrk
krk tir
tirprb
prbgrk
grka/t
a/tiri
iriemk
emkek
ek pkd
pkdk
k sia
siauk
uk ais
ais`e/
`e/pir
pirkck
kcktke
tke
`edustr`

L. Tuhuke Nf
Nfusus

Kdkpue tuhuke
tuhuke aiapickh
aiapickhkr`
kr` ue`t nbap
nbapities`
ities` aickcu` lunu `eobrak
`eobraks`
s`
Aicknunke piaic`fkrkke ais`e dke pirkcktke (Bpirkt`bekc Ak`etiekemi Bo
Akmf`eis/Iqu`paiet) 8 piair`nskke nisickaktke dke pirkwktke simkrk tirprbgrka,

Aicknunke Ziaic`fkrkke tirprbgrka lirdkskrnke ]BZ dke ykeg d`pirsykrknke akeukc

lbbn ais`e.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ; dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

LKL @@
AICKNYNKE ZIAI\@N]KKE NI]ICKAKTKE DKE ZI\KWKTKE
AI]@E/ZI\KCKTKE @EDY]T\@ ]IMK\K TI\Z\BG\KA

K. Ziegitkfuke ykeg D`pircunke dkcka Aicknunke Ziair`nskke

Nisi
Nisicka
ckaktk
ktke
e D
Dke
ke Zi
Zirkw
rkwktk
ktke
e Ai
Ais`e
s`e/Z
/Zir
irkck
kcktke
tke @e
@edus
dustr
tr`` ]i
]imk
mkrk
rk
Tirprbgrka

;. Ziegirt`ke tine`n pirkwktke

Tine
Tine`n
`n pi
pirkw
rkwkt
ktke
ke li
lirks
rkskc
kc dk
dkr`
r` nk
nktk
tk ak`etiekemi ieg`eiir`eg. Ak`etiekemi dkpkt d`krt`nke
d`krt`nke
silkgk`` suktu nig`ktke
silkgk nig`ktke piehkgkke
piehkgkke sisuktu fkc pkdk
pkdk nbed`s`
nbed`s` ykeg
ykeg siapurek
siapurek.. Ieg`eiir`eg dkpkt
d`krt`nke silkgk` pieirkpke pr`es`p-pr`es`p `cau piegitkfuke pkdk prkntin lirupk pirkemkegke,

nbestruns` dke bpirks` struntur, pirkcktke dke s`stia. Diegke dia`n`ke tine`n pirkwktke dkpkt
d`krt`n
d`krt`nke
ke silkgk
silkgk`` pieirkp
pieirkpke
ke `cau
`cau piegit
piegitkfu
kfuke
ke ykeg
ykeg lirtuh
lirtuhuke
uke uetun
uetun aiehkg
aiehkgkk nbed`s
nbed`s`` suktu
suktu
pirkcktke ktku ais`e dkcka nbed`s` ykeg siapurek.
Nirusknke
Nirusknke ais`e dkcka suktu `estkcks`
`estkcks` `edustr`
`edustr` dkpkt aiegkn`lkt
aiegkn`lktnke
nke akskckf
akskckf ykeg skegkt liskr
dke skegkt akfkc. Yetun aiegurkeg` akskckf-akskckf `e`, aknk pirkwktke dke pirlk`nke pircu
d`tirkpnke.

<. ]trktig` pirkwktke

]trktig` pirkwktke ykeg diwksk `e` tickf simkrk uaua d`tirkpnke ketkrk ck`e 8
 Lrikndbwe ak`etiekemi

 Zirkwktke tirhkdwkc (smfiduccid ak`etiekemi)

ak`etiekemi)

 Zirkwktke prid`nt`o (prid`mt`vi ak`etiekemi)

ak`etiekemi)

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 < dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

]truntur strktig` pirkwktke simkrk ciegnkp d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk d`kgrka/gkalkr lir`nut.

Glr. ;.;, ]trktig` pirkwktke

<.; Lrikn dbwe ak`etiekemi

ak`etiekemi
Lrikndbwe ak`etiekemi dk
dkpk
pktt d`krt
d`krt`n
`nke
ke silkg
silkgk`
k` str
strkt
ktig
ig`` pi
pirk
rkwk
wktk
tke
e di
dieg
egke
ke mk
mkrk
rk ais`e
ais`e
d`bpirks`nke f`eggk ruskn niaud`ke lkru d`pirlk`n`. ]trktig` `e` skegkt nkskr, nurkeg lk`n, dkpkt
aieg
aiegkn
kn`l
`lktn
ktnke
ke l`ky
l`kykk pi
pirk
rkwk
wktk
tke
e t`eg
t`egg`
g`,, ni
nif`
f`ck
ckeg
egke
ke pr
prbd
bdun
uns`
s` nk
nkri
riek
ek li
lirf
rfie
iet`
t`ey
eykk ais`e
ais`e,,
ni
nisic
sicka
kaktk
ktke
e ni
nirh
rhkk t`dk
t`dkn
n tirhk
tirhka`
a`e,
e, nb
nbed
ed`s`
`s` ais`e
ais`e t`dk
t`dkn
n dk
dkpk
pktt d`
d`ni
nitk
tkfu
fu`,
`, dke
dke t`dk
t`dkn
n dk
dkpk
pktt
airiemkeknke wkntu, tiekgk sirtk l`kyk pirkwktke. Aitbdi `e` d`silut hugk silkgk` ok`curi lksid
ak`etiekemi ktku pirkwktke lirdkskrnke nirusknke.
]trktig` pirkwktke `e` nurkeg sisuk` uetun ais`e-ais`e ykeg aia`c`n` t`egnkt nr`t`s t`egg` dke
fkeyk sisuk` uetun ais`e-ais`e
ais`e-ais`e dke kckt sidirfkek.
<.< Zirkwktke tirhkdwkc
Zirkwktke tirhkdwkc airupknke lkg`ke dkr` pirkwktke priviet`o yk`tu pirkwktke uetun aiemigkf
nirusk
nirusknke
nke cil`f
cil`f ckehut
ckehut . Zirkwk
Zirkwktke
tke tirhkd
tirhkdwkc
wkc airupk
airupknke
nke strktig
strktig`` pirkwk
pirkwktke
tke diegke
diegke tuhuke
tuhuke
aiemigkf
Huduc Abduc tirhkd`eyk nirusknke
Aicknunke piaic`fkrkke cil`f
piaic`fkrkke ais`e ckehut ykeg d`cknunke simkrk pir`bd`n dkcka rietkeg wkntu
dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 = dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

tirtietu. ]trktig` pirkwktke `e` d`silut hugk silkgk` pirkwktke lirdkskrnke wkntu ktku t`ai lksid
ak`etiekemi..
ak`etiekemi
]trk
]trkti
tig`
g` pirk
pirkwk
wktk
tke
e `e`
`e` munu
munup
p lk`n
lk`n dke
dke dkpk
dkpktt aiem
aiemig
igkf
kf li
lirf
rfie
iet`
t`ey
eykk ais`
ais`e
e ykeg
ykeg t`dk
t`dkn
n
d`riemkeknke.
\ietkeg
\ietkeg wkntu pirkwktke d`tietunke
d`tietunke lirdkskrnke
lirdkskrnke piegkckake
piegkckake ktku rinbaiedks`
rinbaiedks` dkr` pklr`n
pklr`n
pialukt ais`e ykeg lirskegnutke. Ninurkegkeeyk, h`nk rietkeg wkntu pirkwktke tirckcu piedin
knke aieggkeggu wkntu prbduns` dke dkpkt aie`egnktnke ris`nb niskckfke ykeg t`aluc nkriek
ninurk
ninurkeg
eg miraktke
miraktke tine`s
tine`s`` dkcka
dkcka aiakske
aiakskeg
g nialkc
nialkc`` lkg`ke
lkg`ke-lk
-lkg`k
g`ke
e ykeg
ykeg d`pirl
d`pirlk`n
k`n`,
`, sirtk
sirtk
niauegn`eke kdkeyk nbetka`eke ykeg aksun ni dkcka s`stia.
H`nkk rietke
H`n rietkeg
g wkntu
wkntu pirkwk
pirkwktke
tke tirckcu
tirckcu ckak
ckak niaueg
niauegn`e
n`eke
ke ais`e
ais`e knke
knke aiegkc
aiegkcka`
ka` nirusk
nirusknke
nke
silicua t`lk wkntu pirkwktke. ]ick`e `tu h`nk nbed`s` ais`e ktku lkg`ke ais`e aks`f lk`n dke
aieurut hkdwkc fkrus sudkf d`gket` ktku d`pirlk`n` aknk knke aie`alucnke nirug`ke.
<.= Zirkwktke prid`nt`o
Zirkwktke prid`nt`o hugk airupknke lkg`ke pirkwktke priviet`o. Zirkwktke prid`nt`o `e` dkpkt
d`krt`nke
d`krt`nke silkgk` strktig`
strktig` pirkwktke
pirkwktke ykeg akek pirkwktkeeyk
pirkwktkeeyk d`dkskrnke ktks nbed`s`
nbed`s` ais`e `tu
sied`r`.
sied`r`. Yetun aieietunke
aieietunke nbed`s`
nbed`s` ais`e d`cknunke
d`cknunke piair
piair`nskke
`nskke ktku abe`tbr`e
abe`tbr`eg
g simkrk rut`e.
H`nkk tirdkp
H`n tirdkpkt
kt tkedk
tkedk gihkck
gihkck nirusk
nirusknke
nke sigirk
sigirk d`kdkn
d`kdknke
ke t`edkn
t`edknke
ke pirlk`
pirlk`nke
nke uetun
uetun aiemig
aiemigkf
kf
nirusknke
nirusknke cil`f ckehut.
ckehut. H`nk t`dkn tirdkpkt
tirdkpkt gihkck nirusknke abe`tbr`eg
abe`tbr`eg tirus d`ckehutnk
d`ckehutnke
e supkyk
supkyk
h`nk tirhkd` gihkck nirusknke sigirk d`nitkfu` sid`e` auegn`e.
Zirkwktke
Zirkwktke prid`nt`o d`silut hugk silkgk` pirkwktke lirdkskr
lirdkskrnke
nke nbed`s` ktku mbed`t`be lksid
ak`e
ak`eti
tiek
ekem
emi,
i, d`si
d`silu
lutt hu
hugk
gk si
silk
lkgk
gk`` abe`
abe`tb
tbr`
r`eg
eg nb
nbed
ed`s
`s`` ais`
ais`e
e kt
ktku
ku akmf
akmf`eiry
`eiry mbed`t`be
mbed`t`be
abe`tbr`eg.
Abe`tb
Abe`tbr`e
r`eg
g nbed`s
nbed`s`` ais`e
ais`e dkpkt
dkpkt d`krt`
d`krt`nke
nke silkgk`
silkgk` aieiet
aieietunk
unke
e nbed`s
nbed`s`` ais`e
ais`e diegke
diegke mkrk
mkrk
aiair`
aiair`nsk
nsk ais`e
ais`e simkrk
simkrk rut`e.
rut`e. Diegke
Diegke mkrk piair`
piair`nsk
nskke
ke simkrk
simkrk rut`e
rut`e nbed`s`
nbed`s` ais`e
ais`e dkpkt
d`nitkfu` sif`eggk nikedkcke ais`e dke nisickaktke nirhk dkpkt tirhka`e.
D`c`fkt dkr` l`kyk pirkwktke, t`egnkt nisuc`tke, dke wkntu lirfiet`eyk ais`e pirkwktke prid`nt`o
ktku aitbdi a`e`tbr`eg nbed`s` ais`e ykeg pkc`eg aieguetuegnke.
Zirlked`egke l`kyk pirkwktke dke ni t`gk aitbdi d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk gkalkr ;.<, dke
pirlked`egke t`egnkt nisuc`tke dke wkntu lirfiet`eyk ais`e d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk gkalkr
;.=.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 4 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

<:

Lrikndbwe

Z
F
;9
/
e
k
t Zrivieto
k
w
k ;:
r
i
Z Zrid`nto
k
y
k
`
L 9

Wkntu Zirlk`nke \icko

Glr. ;.<, Zirlked`egke l`kyk pirkwktke

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 9 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Glr.;.=, Zirlked`egke strktig` pirkwktke

= T`egnkt nr`t`s suktu

suktu ais`e
]it`kp
]it`kp str
strktig
ktig`` pirkwk
pirkwktke
tke aia`c`
aia`c`n`
n` niuetu
niuetuegk
egke
e dke nirug`
nirug`ke,
ke, sif`eg
sif`eggk
gk pia`c`
pia`c`fke
fke strktig
strktig``
pirkwktke d`sisuk`nke diegke nbed`s` dke tuetutke ais`e tirsilut, a`skceyk sktu ais`e ktku
piskwkt tiekgk aickyke` prbduns` diegke prbsis kkc`rke
c`rke tueggkc, h`nk ais`e tirsilut
tir silut ruskn aknk
prbduns` knke lirfiet`. Fkc `e` dkpkt d`nktknke lkfwk ais`e
ais `e aia`c`n` t`egnkt nr`t`s ykeg t`egg`
tirfkdkp prbduns`. Akn`e t`egg` t`egnkt nr`t`s suktu ais`e aknk fkrus siakn`e `eties`o dkcka
aicknunke pirkwktke ais`e, supkyk t`dkn aie`alucnke nirug`ke lk`n abr`c akupue aktir`c
ykeg cil`f liskr.
Lilirkpk fkc ykeg aieyilklnke aie`egnkteyk t`egnkt nr`t`s suktu ais`e ktku `estkcks` ketkrk
ck`e8
 @estkcks`/ais`e diegke `evistks` t`egg`

 @estkcks` dkr` akemkeigkrk

 @estkcks` ykeg sunu mkdkegeyk sunkr

 @estkcks` ykeg tuk

 @estkcks` ykeg d`riemkekke diegke tkrgit tirtietu

 @estkcks` ykeg aieuetut nikakeke dke nisickaktke t`egg`

 ]ilkgk` ksit utkak

]uktu ais`e ktku `estkcks` ykeg d`pircunke l`kyk abdkc ykeg liskr d`gbcbegnke aia`c`n` t`egnkt
nr`t`s ykeg t`egg`, nkriek h`nk tirhkd` nirusknke aie`alucnke nirug`ke ykeg liskr dke uetun
aiapirlk`n` d`pircunke l`kyk ykeg liskr puck.

@estkcks` dke ais`e luktke cukr eigir` pkdk uauaeyk sunkr d`dkpkt dke fkrgkeyk akfkc, aknk
ais`e dke `estkcks` `e` d`gbcbegnke aia`c`n` t`egnkt nr`t`s ykeg t`egg`.
Ais`e ktku `estkcks` ykeg sudkf tuk d`pircunke pirkwktke ykeg `eties`o, nkriek ais`e ais`e-
ais`e tirsilut audkf ruskn dke h`nk tirhkd` nirusknke sunkr uetun aiedkpktnke sunu mkdkegeyk.
Bcif nkriek `tu ais`e ktku `estkcks` ykeg tuk d`nktkgbr`nke ais`e ykeg aia`cc`n` t`egnkt nr`t`s
t`egg`.
H`nkk suktu
H`n suktu pklr`n
pklr`n ktku `estkc
`estkcks`
ks` d`bpir
d`bpirks`n
ks`nke
ke pkdk
pkdk nkpks`t
nkpks`tks
ks pieuf
pieuf ktku
ktku cil`f,
cil`f, aknk
aknk t`egnk
t`egnktt
nr`t`seyk t`egg`. Yetun aiemigkf tirhkd` nirusknke pirkwktke fkrus d`cknunke cil`f `eties`o l`ck
d`lked`egnke diegke h`nk d`bpirks`nke d` lkwkf lilke ktku nkpks`tks pieuf.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ? dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Ais`e-
Ais`e-ais
ais`e
`e ykeg
ykeg d`tuet
d`tuetut
ut t`egnk
t`egnktt nisicka
nisickaktk
ktke
e ykeg
ykeg skegkt
skegkt t`egg`
t`egg` a`skce
a`skceyk
yk piskwk
piskwktt udkrk,
udkrk,
ais`e-ais`e
ais`e-ais`e lkwkf tkekf, `estkcks`
`estkcks` eunc`r
eunc`r dke ck`e silkgk`eyk,
silkgk`eyk, tiraksun aia`c`n`
aia`c`n` t`egnkt
t`egnkt nr`t`s
ykeg t`egg`, nkriek d`pircunke pirkwktke ykeg skegkt `eties`o.
Ais`e ais`e ykeg sunkr
sunkr d`pirlk`n` dke d`rkwkt tiraksun ais`e ykeg aia`c`n` t`egnkt nr`t`s ykeg
t`egg`.
4. Aitbdk
Aitbdk abe`tbr`eg ( piaketkuke ) nbed`s` ais`e
]imkrk gkr`s liskr kdk lilirkpk aitbdi dkcka abe`tbr`eg ktku piaketkuke nbed`s` ais`e ketkrk
ck`e 8
 Abe`tbr`eg v`sukc

 Abe`tbr`eg a`eykn picuaks

 Abe`tbr`eg n`eirhk

 Abe`tbr`eg gibaitr`s

 Abe`tbr`eg gitkrke

 Abe`tbr`eg ktku ebe d`strumt`vi tist

4.; Abe`tbr`eg v`sukc
Abe`tb
Abe`tbr`e
r`eg
g v`sukc
v`sukc d`krt`
d`krt`nke
nke silkgk
silkgk`` aiekns
aiekns`r
`r ktku
ktku aieiet
aieietunk
unke
e nbed`s
nbed`s`` ais`e
ais`e diegke
diegke mkrk
aieggueknke niakapuke pkemk `edirk ykeg aic`put` rksk, lku, pkedkeg, diegkr, dke sietuf.
Nkriek tickf akn`e lirnialkegeyk pirkcktke abe`tbr`eg, abe`tbr`eg v`sukc dkpkt d`ciegnkpk`
diegke
diegke a`nrbsnbp,
a`nrbsnbp, lbrbsmbpi/o`lirsmbpi
lbrbsmbpi/o`lirsmbpi,, obtbgr
obtbgrko`,
ko`, tirabgr
tirabgrko`
ko` dke ck`e-c
ck`e-ck`e
k`eeyk
eyk.. A`nrbs
A`nrbsnbp
nbp
d`gueknke
d`gueknke uetun aialketu
aialketu pkrt`nic
pkrt`nic ykeg skegkt nim`c. Lbrbsmbpi/o`lirs
Lbrbsmbpi/o`lirsmbpi
mbpi uetun
uetun aic`fkt
aic`fkt
lkg`ke/nbapbeie ykeg citkneyk
citkneyk suc`t d`c`fkt simkrk ckegsueg, sidkegnke obtbgrko` uetun aialukt
dbnuai
dbnuaie
e gkalkr
gkalkr.. Zirkckt
Zirkcktke
ke `e` d`gue
d`gueknk
knke
e uetun
uetun aialke
aialketu
tu abe`tb
abe`tbr`e
r`eg
g v`sukc
v`sukc kgkr
kgkr dkpkt
dkpkt

aieditins` nbed`s` ais`e diegke cil`f tipkt. Abe`tbr`eg ktku `espins` v`sukc nirusknke likr`eg
diegke aiautkr likr`eg dke aic`fkt tkedk nirusknke d`tuehunnke sipirt` gkalkr lir`nut.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 7 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Glr.;.4 , Ziair`nskke luey` lketkcke

Glr.;.9 , Ziair`nskke mkmkt nikuske

4.< Abe`tbr`eg a`eykn picuaks
picuaks
A`eykn picuaks airupknke skckf sktu lkg`ke s`stia picuakske ykeg munup piet`eg. Ouegs`
a`eykn
a`eykn picuaks
picuaks silkgk`
silkgk` dkrkfeyk
dkrkfeyk ais`e, d`skap`eg
d`skap`eg lirouegs`
lirouegs` silkgk`
silkgk` pied`eg`e
pied`eg`e,, piemigkf
piemigkf
gisinke, aia`skfnke iciaie ais`e, silkgk` pirkpkt, piemigkf nbrbs`, aiegurkeg` gitkrke, hugk
lirouegs` silkgk` pialkwk nbetka`eke ktku nbtbrke ykeg tirhkd` d` dkcka ais`e. Nbtbrke
tirsilut dkpkt lirkskc dkr` cukr akupue dkr` dkcka ais`e `tu sied`r` ykeg d`silklnke bcif girka
kn`lkt gisinke iciaie ais`e. Nbtbrke ktku nbetka`eke ykeg lirkskc dkr` cukr dke t`aluc siwkntu
bpirks` dke pirkwktke a`skceyk pkrt`nic-pkrt`nic ykeg aksun aickcu` o`ctir, lkfke lknkr, a`eykn
picuaks dke pkrt`nic aksun pkdk skkt pirkwktke dke pirlk`nke.

Kdk lilirkpk tine`n abe`tbr`eg a`eykn picuaks ykeg dkpkt d`tirkpnke 8

 Tis ninietkcke (v`smbs`ty
(v`smbs`ty tist)

 Tis pirf`tuegke pkrt`nic (pkrt`mci mbuet`eg tist)

 Tis nuket`ok`r pkrt`nic (pkrt`mci quket`o`ir tist)

 Tis lut`rke nikuske (wikr

(wikr dilr`s tist)

 Tis l`ckegke nikskake ( TLE tist)

 Tis oirbgrko` (oirrbgrkpfy tist)
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 6 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Tis gicialueg (lullci

(lullci tist)

Tis ninietkcke ktku tis v`snbs`tks yk`tu aiair`nsk

aiair`nsk pirulkfke
pirulkfke ninietkcke pkdk a`eykn
a`eykn picuaks
picuaks
ktku a`eykn f`drkuc`n. H`nk pirulkfke ninietkckeeyk tickf aickapu` lktks ykeg d``z`enke, aknk
a`eykn
a`eykn picuaks sudkf t`dkn
t`dkn dkpkt lirouegs`
lirouegs` silkgk`akek
silkgk`akek aist`eyk dke pircu sigirk d`gket`.
d`gket`.
Kckt ykeg d`gueknke uetun aiair`nsk ninietkcke d`silut v`snbaitir.
Tis piegf`tuegke pkrt`nic lirtuhuke uetun aiegitkfu` huackf pkrt`nic tirtietu dkcka a`eykn
picuaks ktku a`eykn f`drkuc`n. Zkrt`nic-pkrt`nic ykeg dkpkt d`ditins` lirunurke ;, 9, ;:, ;9, <9,
9:
9:,, 79
79,, dk
dke
e ;:
;::
: a`nr
a`nrbe
be.. Hu
Huac
ackf
kf pk
pkrt
rt`n
`nic
ic yk
ykeg
eg ti
tird
rdkp
kpkt
kt pk
pkdk
dk a`ey
a`eykn
kn pi
picu
cuak
akss ni
niau
aud`
d`ke
ke
d`lked
d`lked`eg
`egnke
nke diegke
diegke stkedkr
stkedkr ykeg
ykeg tic
tickf
kf d`tiet
d`tietunk
unke.
e. Kckt
Kckt ykeg
ykeg d`gue
d`gueknk
knke
e uetun
uetun aiair`n
aiair`nsk
sk
huackf pkrt`nic d`silut pkrt`mci mbuetir kekcys`s.
kekcys`s.
Fks`c piair`nskke pkrt`mci d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk gkalkr lir`nut.

Tklic ;.;, Huackf pkrtnic pkdk a`eykn f`drkuc`n

Tis nuket`ok`r pkrt`nic lirtuhuke uetun aieietunke nbesietrks` girka pkdk a`eykn picuaks ktku
a`eykn
a`eykn f`drku
f`drkuc`n
c`n.. Nbesie
Nbesietrk
trks`e
s`eyk
yk d`eykt
d`eyktknk
knke
e dkcka
dkcka l`ckeg
l`ckegke
ke dke d`silu
d`silutt diegke
diegke `edin
`edin Z[
(pkrt`mci quket`o`ir `edix).
`edix ). Kegnk `e` t`dkn lirkrt` kpk-kpk h`nk t`dkn d`lked`egnke diegke `edin
silicu
silicua
a dke sisudkf
sisudkfeyk
eyk.. Kckt
Kckt uetun
uetun aieiet
aieietunk
unke
e nbesiet
nbesietrks`
rks` girka
girka d`silu
d`silutt diegke
diegke pkrt`mci
quket`o`ir tist.. Fks`c piair`nskke Z[ `edin d`tuehunnke sipirt` gkalkr lir`nut.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 0 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Glr.;.?, Zkrt`nic akgeit`n a`eykn f`drkuc`n

Tiss gi
Ti girka
rka ni
niku
kusk
ske
e (wik
wikrr dilr`s
dilr`s tist
tist) lirtuh
lirtuhuke
uke uetun
uetun aiegit
aiegitkfu
kfu`` uesur-
uesur-ue
uesur
sur n`a`k
n`a`k ykeg
ykeg
tirdkpkt pkdk a`eykn picuaks ykeg d`eyktknke dkcka ppa ( pkrt pir-a`cc`be).
pir-a`cc`be ). Yesur-uesur ykeg
d`unur a`skceyk Oi, Kc, ]`, Ae, Mu, Mk dke ck`e-ck`eeyk. Tis girka nikuske d`silut hugk silkgk`
]BK (spimtrbaitr`m b`c kekcys`s).
kekcys`s). Yetun
Yetun aieiet
aieietunk
unke
e nbed`s
nbed`s`` a`eykn
a`eykn picuak
picuakss ktku
ktku a`eykn
a`eykn
f`drkuc`n d`lked`egnke
d`lked`egnke diegke stkedkr dke d`c`fkt nimiediruegkeeyk. Fks`c piaiar`nskke ]BK,
d`tuehunnke sipirt` gkalkr lir`nut.

YE]Y\ LI]@

<9 : Glr.;.7, Nkeduegke Oi

<: : <: =
Tis TLE
TLE lirtuhuke
lirtuhuke uetun
uetun aiegun
aiegunur
ur kcnkc`e
kcnkc`e

) ykeg tirdkpkt pkdk a`eykn picuaks. A`eykn

a ;9 :
p
(p picuaks ykeg d`gueknke pkdk ais`e
s
t`k
t
e ;: : ;: 4 d`sisuk`nke diegke nkeduegke licirkeg lkfke
k
u 64
N lknkr ykeg d`gueknke.
?:
9: 9=
Tiss oi
Ti oirb
rbgr
grko
ko`` d`
d`gu
guek
eknk
nke
e ue
uetu
tun
n aieg
aiegit
itkf
kfu`
u`
lietun dke nuket`tks girka nikuske lk`n ykeg
:
;9:::: ;?:: :: ; 7 :: : : ;6:::: ; 0 :: : :
akgeit`n
akgeit `n akupue
akupue ykeg
ykeg pkrk
pkrk akgeit
akgeit`n.
`n. Tis
Bpirks` (na)
oirbgr
oirbgrko`
ko` tird
tird`r`
`r` dkr`
dkr` oirbgr
oirbgrko`
ko` pialk
pialkmkk
mkke
e
ckegsueg (d`rimt
(d`rimt rikd`eg oirrbgrkpfy ) dke tis
oirb
oirbgr
grko
ko`` ke
kekc
kc`t
`t`n
`n ( kekcyt`mkc oirrbgrkpfy).
oirrbgrkpfy). Zkdk
Zkdk oirbgr
oirbgrko`
ko` pialkm
pialkmkke
kke ckegsu
ckegsueg,
eg, girka
girka pkdk
pkdk
a`eykn picuaks d`iedkpnke pkdk tklueg nkmk ykeg d`ciegnkp` diegke siesbr bpt`n. ]iesbr ykeg
sktu aiegunur dies`tks pkrt`nic liskr pir a`cc`c`tir dke siesbr ykeg ck`e aiegunur dies`tks
pkrt`nic nim`c.
Zkdk oirbgrko` kekc`t`n, girka pkdk a`eykn picuaks d`iedkpnke pkdk oirbgrka niaud`ke d`c`fkt
dke d`unur diegke
diegke aieggueknke a`nrbsnbp.
a`nrbsnbp. Zkrt`nic pkdk picuaks d`tuehunnke
d`tuehunnke sipirt` gkalkr

lir`nut.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;: dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Glr.;.
Glr.;. 6, Lut`rke nikuske

Tis gicialueg d`gueknke uetun aieditins` kdkeyk nbetka`eke mk`r dkr` lkfke lkfkr akupue k`r

pkdk a`eykn picuaks ktku a`eykn f`drkuc`n, diegke mkrk d`titisnke d` ktks p`r`egke pkeks. H`nk
a`eykn
a`eykn picuaks
picuaks tirnb
tirnbetka`
etka`eks`
eks` k`r ktku lkfke lknkr pkdk p`r`egke
p`r`egke knke t`aluc
t`aluc gicialueg
gicialueg dke
sukrk giair`em`eg.
Ziehickske siciegnkpeyk aiegiek` kckt, mkrk aieggueknke dke kekc`s`seeyk knke d`skapk`nke
pkdk lkl ck`e.

4.=. Abe`tbr`eg n`eirhk

Abe`tbr`eg n`eirhk (pirobrakemi abe`tbr`eg) airupknke tine`n abe`tbr`eg ykeg akek nbed`s`
ais`e d`tietunke diegke mkrk aiair`nsk ktku aiegunur pkrkaitir n`eirhk ais`e tirsilut, ketkrk

ck`e tiapirktur, tinkeke, dil`t, nimipktke, tbrs`, dke tiekgk.

Abe`tbr`eg `e` dkpkt d`cknunke pkdk ais`e ykeg sidkeg lirhkcke, ais`e ykeg lkru ktku ais`e
ykeg tickf sicisk` d`rkn`t, ktku ais`e ykeg tickf sicisk` d` bvirfkuc ktku d`pirlk`n`.
Yetun aieietunke
aieietunke nbed`s` ais`e diegke aiabe`tbr n`eirhkeyk, kekc`s`s
kekc`s`s d`cknunke diegke mkrk
d`lked`egnke diegke n`eirhk ykeg tickf d`stkedkrnke.
H`nkk fks`c
H`n fks`c abe`tb
abe`tbr`e
r`eg
g cil`f
cil`f nim`c
nim`c dkr`
dkr` stkedkr
stkedkr,, aknk
aknk d`pircu
d`pircunke
nke piair`n
piair`nskke
skke nialkc
nialkc`` ue
uetun
tun
aiegitkfu` niskckfke-niskckfke ykeg tirhkd`.
Yetun abe`tbr`eg n`eirhk turl`e prbpucs` pkrkaitir ykeg d`unur ketkrk ck`e dkyk pbrbs, ckhu kc`rke
lkfke lknkr, tiapirktur gks aksun turl`e, tiapirktur gks nicukr turl`e, dke ckhu kc`rke udkrk

aksun nbaprisbr. Yetun ais`e D`isic d`ciegnkp` diegke uh` ia`s`.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;; dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Glr.;.
Glr.;. 0, Abe`tbr`eg n`eirhk
4.4. Abe`tbr`eg gibaitr`s

Abe`tb
Abe` tbr`
r`eg
eg gi
giba
bait
itr`
r`ss airu
airupk
pknk
nke
e tine
tine`n
`n abe`
abe`tb
tbr`
r`eg
eg yk
ykeg
eg li
lirt
rtuh
uhuk
uke
e ue
uetu
tun
n aieg
aiegit
itkf
kfu`
u`
piey`apkegke gibaitr`s ykeg tirhkd` pkdk ais`e. ]imkrk bpirks`bekc abe`tbr`eg gibaitr`s
aic`put` piegunurke nidktkrke (civicc`eg
(civicc`eg), piegunurke nisilkr`ske (kc`geaiet
(kc`geaiet) dke nisihkhkrke (
pkrkcicc`sai )
Zkd
kdkk ais`e
is`e pirn
pirnkn
knks
ks abe`tb
e`tbr`
r`e
eg gib
ibai
aitr
tr`s
`s aic`
aic`p
put
ut`` civicc`eg, ni
nirk
rktk
tkke
ke,, ni
nisih
sihkh
khkr
krke
ke,,
nitigkncuruske, rue but, nbesietr`s`tks dke ck`e silgk`eyk.
Abe`tb
Abe`tbr`e
r`eg
g gibait
gibait`s
`s pkdk
pkdk `estkc
`estkcks`
ks` pbapk
pbapk sietr`
sietr`oug
ougkc
kc ketkrk
ketkrk ck`
ck`e
e nirktk
nirktkke
ke pkdk
pkdk nbpc`e
nbpc`eg,
g,
nbesietr`s`tks pbrbs pieggirkn dke pbrbs pbapk, nitigkn curuske pbapk, dke nbpc`eg.
Zkdk abtbr pialknkrke dkcka ykeg d`pircunke abe`tbr`eg gibaitr`s ketkrk ck`e pkdk pbrbs

iegnbc, p`p` iegnbc dke rue but rbdk pieirus dke nbesietr`s`tks rbdk pieirus.

Glr. ;.;:, Abe`tbr`eg kc`geaiet

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;< dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

4.9. Abe`tbr`eg gitkrke

Abe`tbr`eg gitkrke yk`tu aiair`nsk dke aiegunur pkrkaitir gitkrke simkrk rut`e dke tirus
aieirus. Gitkrke dkpkt tirhkd` nkriek kdkeyk nirusknke pkdk pbrbs, lketkcke, rbdk g`g`, nurkeg
nurkeg
niemkegeyk skaluegke, nurkeg ckemkreyk picuakske, nurkeg tipkteyk piakskegke trkesa`s` dke
hugk d`silklnke nkriek nit`dkn-si`alkegkeeyk
nit`dkn-si`alkegkeeyk iciaie ais`e ykeg lirputkr.
Niru
Niruskn
sknke
ke-n
-nir
irus
uskn
knke
ke sipirt
sipirt`` `e`
`e` kn
knke
ke aie`
aie`al
aluc
ucnk
nke
e gi
gitk
tkrk
rke
e yk
ykeg
eg mu
munu
nup
p li
liskr
skr.. Dieg
Diegke
ke
aiabe`
aiabe`tbr
tbr gitkrke
gitkrke ykeg
ykeg tirhkd
tirhkd`,
`, nirusk
nirusknke
nke ais`e
ais`e dkpkt
dkpkt d`diti
d`ditins`
ns` simkrk
simkrk d`e`
d`e` dke knf`re
knf`reyk
yk
nirusknke ykeg cil`f hkuf dkpkt d`migkf.
Zkrkaitir gitkrke ykeg dkpkt d`unur dke d`abe`tbr ketkrk ck`e pirmipktke gitkrke, nimipktke
gitkrke dke ckegnkf gitkrke. Zkrkaitir gitkrke ykeg ck`e yk`tu orinuies`, pfksi
pfksi,, sp`ni ieirgy dke
sfbmn pucsk.
pucsk.
T`egnkt
T`egnkt nirusknke dke pieyilkl
pieyilkl tirhkd`eyk
tirhkd`eyk gitkrke
gitkrke dkpkt d`kekc`s`s
d`kekc`s`s diegke
diegke mkrk d`lked`eg
d`lked`egnke
nke
diegke stkedkr ykeg d``z`enke dke aiedisnr`ps`nke s`eykc-s`eykc gitkrke ykeg tirhkd`. Diegke
aiedisnr`ps`nke s`eykc ykeg tirhkd`, pieyilkl t`aluceyk gitkrke dkpkt d`ckmkn.
]pintrua gitkrke pkdk ais`e d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk gkalkr lir`nut.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;= dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Glr.;.
Glr.;. ;;, ]pintrua gitkrke ais`e

9. Aitbdi kekc`s`s Nbed`s`s Ais`e/Zirkcktke @edustr`

Yetun aieietunke nbed`s` ais`e lirdkskrnke fks`c piegunurke aitbdi-aitbdi abe`tbr`eg ykeg

tickf d`silutnke d` aunk d`pircunke aitbdi kekc`s`s silkgk` lir`nut8

 Kekc`s`s nimiediruegke

 Kekc`s`s nbapkrkt`o

 Kekc`s`s`s disnr`pt`o
Zkdkk kekc`s`
Zkd kekc`s`ss nimied
nimiediru
irueg
egke,
ke, uetun
uetun aieiet
aieietunk
unke
e nbed`s
nbed`s`` ais`e,
ais`e, fks`c
fks`c pkrkai
pkrkaitir
tir abe`tb
abe`tbr`e
r`eg
g
d`lked`egnke diegke fks`c silicua dke sisudkfeyk, pr`es`p kekc`s`seyk d`eyktknke dkcka nurvk
lkn aked` (lkt
lktf-t
f-tul
ul murvi
murvi)) d`tu
d`tueh
ehun
unnk
nke
e pkdk
pkdk gk
gkal
alkr
kr .;
.;<.
<. Zk
Zkdk
dk gk
gkal
alkr
kr ti
tirs
rsil
ilut
ut kl
kls`
s`ss
aieuehunnke wkntu dke brd`ekt aieuehunnke t`egnkt nirusknke.
Zkdk
Zkdk gkal
gkalkr
kr lktf-tul murvi,
murvi, dkirkf K aieuehunnke nkrkntir`st`n ais`e lkru, L airupknke
t`egnkt bpirks` ebrakc, M aieuehunnke auck` kdkeyk nirusknke, D dkirkf nirusknke, I t`t`n

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;4 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

auck` pirkwktke, O lktks pir`egktke t`egg`,

t`egg`, G wkntu pirkwktke dke F nkrkntir ais`e ykeg tickf
d`rkwkt ktku d`pirlk`n`.

Glr. ;.;<, Nurvk lkn-aked`

A`skceyk uetun ais`e ykeg lkru silicua d`bpirks`nke simkrk pieuf d`pircunke bpirks` kwkc.
Zkdk bpirks` kwkc knke d`tiaunke lilirkpk niskckfke nkriek licua pkseyk pkskegke iciaie
ais`e ykeg sktu diegke ykeg ck`e dke d`sitic nialkc`. ]itickf bpirks` kwkc tirckapu` ais`e knke
aiegkc
aiegkcka`
ka` bpirks`
bpirks` ykeg
ykeg ebrakc
ebrakc,, krt`ey
krt`eykk sudkf
sudkf t`dkn
t`dkn tirdkpk
tirdkpktt gihkck
gihkck nirusk
nirusknke
nke ktku
ktku gihkck
gihkck
nirusknke ykeg tirhkd` aks`f d` lkwkf lktk s pir`egktke kwkc.

Dkcka wkntu tirtietu knke t`aluc gihkck nirusknke ykeg sudkf d` ktks lktks pir`egktke kwkc,
wkckupue aks`f nim`c pkdk skkt `e`ckf ais`e fkrus d`pirlk`n` ktku d`stic nialkc` kgkr nirusknke
cil`f
cil`f hkuf
hkuf dkpkt
dkpkt d`migk
d`migkf.
f. H`nk
H`nk ais`e
ais`e d`l`krn
d`l`krnke
ke tirus
tirus aknk
aknk nirusk
nirusknke
nke knke
knke aiemkp
aiemkpk`
k` lktks
lktks
pir`egktke knf`r dke ais`e dkpkt d`nktkgbr`nke fkrus lirfiet` simkrk tbtkc.
H`nk fkc dia`n`ke tirhkd` knke aie`alucnke nirug`ke lk`n abr`c, wkntu dke aktir``c munup liskr.
Bcif nkriek `tu pirkwktke d`pircunke kgkr hkegke skapk` gihkck tirhkd` nirusknke skapk` lktks
pir`egktke nirusknke knf`r. ]it`kp tirhkd` gihkck nirusknke d` ktks lktks pir`egktke kwkc fkrus
sigirk d`pirlk`n`.

Dkck
Dkcka
a kekekc
kc`s`
`s`ss nb
nbap
apkrk
krkt`
t`oo nb
nbed
ed`s`
`s` ais`e
ais`e d`ti
d`tiet
etun
unke
ke di
dieg
egke
ke mkrk
mkrk aial
aialkeked`
d`eg
egnk
nke
e fkfks`c
s`c
abe`tbr`eg ktku fks`c piegunurke diegke stkedkr ykeg tickf d`tietunke. ]tkedkr tirsilut d`lukt
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke
lirdkskrnke pirmblkkepiaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
ktkurkke ais`e dke
dktk-dktk pirkcktke
pirkcktke
piegkckake (iap`r`s). A`skceyk nimipktke gitkrke pkdk
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;9 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

lketkcke tirunur 9,< aa/dit, lktks ykeg d``z`enke 4,4 aa/dit, diegke dia`n`ke gitkrke ykeg
tirhkd` aicil`f` lktks gitkrke ykeg d``z`enke.
Kekc`s`s disnr`pt`o , dkcka aieietunke nbed`s` ais`e d`dkskrnke ktks disnr`ps` fks`c piegunurke
abe`tbr`eg lk`n ykeg lirupk gkalkr, grko`n akupue tklic..

Glr.;. ;=, Tried`eg kekc`s`s

?. Zia`c`fke aitbdi abe`tbr`eg

Kdk lilirkpk okntbr ykeg d`pircunke uetun aiapirt`alkegnke pia`c`fke aitbdi abe`tbr`eg
ketkrk ck`e 8
 Aitbdi abe`tbr`eg ykeg sisidirfkek auegn`e.

 Wkntu `etirpritks` fks`c piegunurke cil`f s`egnkt dkr` pirnialkegke nirusknke.

 H`nk aieirkpnke aitbdi abe`tbr`eg tirus aieirus d`auegn`enke

uetun
d`fuluegnke diegke s`stia pir`egktke d`e`.Nirusknke dkpkt d`ditins`
cil`f audkf diegke aic`fkt kn`lkt sinuedir.

 Nitirsid`kke pirkcktke/`estruaie

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;? dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Aitbdi abe`tbr`eg ykeg d`dkskrnke dkr` nbapbeieeyk d`tuehunnke pkdk tklic ;.<

Tklic ;.<.;, Zia`c`fke aitbdi abe`tbr`eg

Nbapbeie Aitbdi piaketkuke/abe`tbr`eg

_`sukc N`eirhk Gitkrke Zicuaks
Nbapbeie Titkp 8
 \uakf (mks`eg) 

 Ckedkske dke  

pieg`nktke
 Tkegn` dke nbetk`eir  

 Tklueg  

 Z`pk 

 Zieunkr nkcbr  

 Zia`skf dke pieykr`eg  

 ]udu titkp 

Tklic ;.<.<, Zia`c`fke aitbdi abe`tbr`eg

Nbapbeie Aitbdi piaketkuke/abe`tbr`eg

_`sukc N`eirhk Gitkrke Zicuaks
Nbapbeie rbtks` 8
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;7 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Zbrbs  

 \btbr 

 ]udu Turl`e   

 @apicir/prbpiccir   

 Lketkcke 

 \bdk g`g`  
 \ketk` 

 Gbvirebr  

Nbapbeie Lbckn-lkc`n 8
 Z`stbe 

 Tuks dke ainke`sai  

 Zbrbs luluegke  

 D`korkgak  

 Zigks  

 Zicuemur   

L. Nitirkap`cke ykeg D`pircunke dkcka Aicknunke Ziair`nskke

Nisickaktke Dke Zirkwktke
Zirkwktke Ais`e/Zirkcktke @edustr` ]imkrk Tirprbgrka

;. Aia`
Aia`c`f
c`f Aitb
Aitbdk
dk abe`
abe`tbr`
tbr`eg
eg (pia
(piaketku
ketkuke/p
ke/piair`
iair`nskke
nskke)) nbed
nbed`s`
`s` ais`e
ais`e ykeg
tipkt sisuk` diegke sykrkt-sykrk
sykrkt-sykrktt fks`c/cukrke
<. Ai
Aia`c
a`c`f
`f pir
pirnkn
nknks,
ks, pr
prbsi
bsiss dke pir
pirkck
kcktke
tke yk
ykeg
eg tip
tipkt
kt sis
sisuk`
uk` di
diegk
egke
e sykr
sykrkt-
kt-
sykrkt fks`c/cukrke
fks`c/cukrke..
=. Aiap
Aiapirs`
irs`kpnk
kpnke
e dke ai
aialuk
aluktt tiap
tiapkt
kt nir
nirhk
hk ykeg kake
kake..
4. Aie
ieg
gguek
ekn
nke pir
irn
nkn
knk
ks aie
ieu
urut
rut pr`
r`es
es``p-p
-pr`
r`es
es``p ie
ieh`
h`e
e`r
`r`e
`eg
g, ai
aittbdk,
piegguek
piegguekke
ke dke prbs
prbsidur
idur ykeg dkpk
dkpktt d`ti
d`tir`ak
r`ak uetu
uetun
n aial
aialukt
ukt fks`c ykeg
tickf
Huduc Abduc d`tietunke.
Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;6 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

9. Ai
Aiair
air`ns
`nsk
k pir
pirnkn
nknks
ks dke pir
pirkck
kcktke
tke uetu
uetun
n uru
urutke
tke nirh
nirhk
k ykeg
ykeg kake dke cky
ckykn
kn
silicua, sickak dke sitickf piegguekkeeyk
?. Ai
Aick
cknu
nunk
nke
e `d
`die
iet`
t`o`
o`nk
nks`
s` pi
pirn
rnkn
knks
ks/p
/pir
irkc
kckt
ktke
ke ykeg
ykeg rusk
ruskn
n ktku
ktku t`d
t`dkn
kn ka
kake
ke
d`gu
d`guek
eknk
nke,
e, ai
aiap
apir
irlk
lk`n
`n`` d`
d`ak
akek
ek d`
d`pi
pirc
rcun
unke
ke,, ktku
ktku ai
aiau
autu
tusn
snke
ke ue
uetu
tun
n

d`pirlk`n` dke/ktku d`lukeg aieurut prbsidur tirtietu.

M. ]`nkp Nirhk ykeg D`pircunke dkcka Aicknunke Ziair`nskke
Nisickaktke Dke Zirkwktke
Zirkwktke Ais`e/Zirkcktke @edustr` ]imkrk Tirprbgrka

;. Tip
Tipkt
kt aie
aieg`d
g`diet
iet`o`
`o`nks
nks A
Aitb
itbdk
dk abe
abe`t
`tbr`
br`eg
eg (pi
(piake
aketku
tkuke
ke /pi
/piair
air`ns
`nskke
kke))
nbed`s` ais`e aieurut nipircuke tugks pinirhkke
<. Aieg`nut` prbsidur pirs`kpke dke p
pialuktke
ialuktke tiapkt nirhk ykeg kake.
=. Tip
Tipkt
kt ai
aiegg
egguek
ueknke
nke pir
pirnkn
nknks
ks aie
aieuru
urutt pr`
pr`es`
es`p-p
p-pr`e
r`es`p
s`p ie
ieh`e
h`e`r`
`r`eg,
eg, ait
aitbdk
bdk,,
piegguekke dke prbsidur ykeg dkpkt d`tir`ak uetun aialukt fks`c ykeg
tickf d`tietunke.
4. Tipkt aic
aicknsk
knskeknk
eknke
e piair`n
piair`nskke
skke pirn
pirnknks
knks dke pir
pirkckt
kcktke
ke uetun urutk
urutke
e nirhk
ykeg kake dke ckykn silicua, sickak dke sitickf piegguekkeeyk
9. Tipkt aick
aicknskek
nskeknke
nke ``diet
diet`o`n
`o`nks`
ks` pirn
pirnknks
knks/pir
/pirkckt
kcktke
ke yke
ykeg
g ru
ruskn
skn k
ktku
tku tt`dkn
`dkn
kake d`gueknke, aiapirlk`n` d`akek d`pircunke, ktku aiautusnke uetun
d`pirlk`n` dke/ktku d`lukeg aieurut prbsidur tirtietu

LKL. @@@ ZIAIC@FK\KKE TI\HKDWKC (TI\Z\BG\KA)

K. Ziegitkfuke ykeg D`pircunke dkcka Aicknunke Ziaic`fkrkke

Ziaic`fkrkke Tirhkdwkc
(Tirprbgrka)

;. Ziegirt`ke pirkwktke lirnkck

Zirkwktke lirnkck ktku tirhkdwkc ( smfiduccid ak`etiekemi ) kdkckf strktig
strktig`` pirkwktke
pirkwktke priviet`o
ykeg akek pirkwktke ktku piaic`fkrkke ais`e d`cknunke simkrk lirnkck dkcka `etirvkc wkntu
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 ;0 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

tirtie
tirtietu.
tu. @etirv
@etirvkc
kc wkntu
wkntu tirsilut
tirsilut d`cknu
d`cknunke
nke lirdk
lirdkskrn
skrnke rinbaiedks`
ke rinbaiedks` pklr`
pklr`n
n pialukt
pialukt ykeg
d`eyktknke dkcka fkr`ke/a`egguke/luckeke, hka nirhk ktku a`cc`kgi
a`cc`kgi..
Zirkwktke lirnkck `e` munup ioint`o uetun aiemigkf nirusknke cil`f ckehut.

Niuetuegke pirkwktke lirnkck 8

 Aie`egnktnke nikedkcke ais`e
 Dkpkt aiemigkf nirusknke cil`f ckehut
 Aie`egnktnke t`egnkt nisickaktke
 Ioint`o aiemigkf nirusknke
Nirug`keeyk 8
 L`kyk piaic`fkrkke rickt`o akfkc
 H`nk `etirvkc tirckcu dinkt dkpkt tirhkd` nirusknke nkriek niskckfke pirkwktke
 H`nk `etirvkc wkntu tirckcu ckak, l`sk ruskn silicua wkntu ktku hkdwkc pirlk`nke.
 Nirug`ke nkriek pieggket`ke nbapbeie ykeg aks`f ckykn.
Zirkwktke lirnkck dkpkt d`eyktknke dkcka 8
 Zirkwktke fkr`ke
 Zirkwktke a`egguke
 Zirkwktke luckeke
 Zirkwktke t`gk luckeke
 Zirkwktke ieka luckeke
 Zirkwktke tkfueke

Zirkwktke lirnkck dkpkt hugk d`eyktknke dkcke hka nirhk, yk`tu 8

 Zirkwktke ;: hka
 Zirkwktke 9: hka
 Zirkwktke <9: hka
 Zirkwktke 9:: hka
 Zirkwktke ;::: hka
 Zirkwktke <::: hka
 Zirkwktke =::: hka dke sitiruseyk .
Yetun ais`e ykeg lirgirkn pirkwktke lirnkck d`eyktknke dkcka 8
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <: dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Zirkwktke ;::: na
 Zirkwktke 9::: na
 Zirkwktke ;:::: na
 Zirkwktke ;9::: na dke sitiruseyk diegke `etirvkc 9::: na

<. Nig`ktke pirkwktke lirnkck

Nig`ktke pirkwktke lirnkck airupknke nig`ktke pirkwktke a`ebr dke dkpkt d`ncks`o`nks`nke
aiehkd` nig`ktke 8

 @espins` (`espimt`be
(`espimt`be))
 Zialirs`fke (mcike`eg
(mcike`eg)
 Zieggket`ke (ripckmiaiet
(ripckmiaiet)
 Zicuakske (culr`mkt`eg
(culr`mkt`eg)
 Ziegiemkegke (t`gftie`eg
(t`gftie`eg)
Pkeg d`aknsud diegke `espins` kdkckf piair`nskke diegke aie`t`nlirktnke pkdk `espins`
v`sukc yk`tu piegc`fktke, piem`uaka,
piem`uaka, sietufke, piediegkrke, sidkegnke rksk hkrkeg d`gueknke.
d`gueknke.
Zialirs`fke d`cknunke diegke aiegf`ckegnke nbtbrke kgkr t`dkn tirhkd` gkegguke nit`nk ais`e
lirbpirks`. Zieggket`ke kdkckf pieggket`ke nbapbeie ykeg d`silklnke nkriek uaur nbapbeie
tic
tickf
kf aickap
aickapu`
u` lktks.
lktks. Zicuak
Zicuakske
ske l`sk
l`sk d`krt`n
d`krt`nke
ke silkgk
silkgk`` piair`
piair`nskk
nskke
e b`c civic, piekalkfke
piekalkfke
picuaks ktku pieggket`ke picuaks. ]it`kp skaluegke nkriek bpirks` knke aiegkcka` diobraks`
sif`eggk dkcka wkntu tirtietu fkrus d`pir`nsk dke d`niemkegnke nialkc` sisuk` diegke stkedkr
ykeg tickf d`titkpnke.

Zirkwktke lirnkck dkpkt hugk d`ncks`o`nks`nke aiehkd` @]AB yk`tu 8

 @espimt`be (@)
 ]akcc ripk`r (]) ktku pirlk`nke r`egke.
 Aid`ua ripk`r (A) ktku pirlk`nke aieiegkf.
 Bvirfkuc (B)

Nig`ktke ykeg tiraksun `espins` (@) aic`put` 8

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <; dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Nkc`lrks`
Nkc`lrks` yk`tu piegkal`ck
piegkal`cke
e dktk tine`s uetun d`lked`egnk
d`lked`egnke
e diegke stkedkr dkr` pklr`n
pialukt/`etireks`bekc.
 Ziair`nskke ouegs` ainke`s
 Zieyiticke
 Zialirs`fke
 Ziegiemkegke ktku pieggket`ke lkut.
Nig`ktke pirlk`nke r`egke ktku sakcc ripk`r (]), aic`put` 8
 ]iauk pinirhkke nicbapbn @
 Zicipkske < ktku = sulue`t/ue`t nkriek nikuske ktku nbtbr tiraksun pieggket`ke, pirkn`tke
dke pieyiticke nialkc`.
 Aicknunke pirlk`nke fkc-fkc ykeg d`tiaunke nit`nk `espins`.
Nig`ktke pirkwktke ykeg tiraksun aid`ua ripk`r (A) yk`tu 8
 Nig`ktke nicbapbn ]
 Aiegimkt dke aiapirlk`n` piraunkke
 Nkc`lrks`
Zinirhkke nukc`o`nks` B, aic`put` 8
 ]iauk pinirhkke nicbapbn A dke pieggket`ke ue`t/sul ue`t/ nbapbeie
 Zirlk`nke aieyicuruf/silkg`ke.
 Ziegimktke piraunkke diegke mkt lkru.

=. Ziehkdwkcke pirkwktke lirnkck

=.;. Zirkwktke lirnkck ais`e lies`e
Zirehkdwkcke pirkwktke lirnkck uetun ais`e lies`e ykeg lirgirkn d`eyktknke dkcka
`etirv
`etirvkc
kc 9:::
9::: na, a`skceyk
a`skceyk pirkwktke
pirkwktke pkdk
pkdk ;:::
;::: na, 9::: na, ;::::
;:::: na ;9:::
;9::: na dke
sitiruseyk..
sitiruseyk

Nig`ktke pirkwktke aic`put` 8

 Zieggket`ke bc`
 Ziair`nskke dke pirlk`nke
 Zieggket`ke
 Ziegiemkegke
 Zicuakske
Zbnbn-pbnbn pirkwktke lirnkck pkdk ais`e lies`e d`eyktknke sipirt` lir`nut. Zirkwktke ais`e
lies`e pkdk ;::: na ketkrk ck`e 8
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 << dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Zieyiticke tkc` n`pks

 Ziair`nskke t`a`eg lict
 Zieyiticke nktup
 Ziegiemkegke lkut
 Zieggket`ke b`c o`ctir
 Zieggket`ke bc` ais`e
 Ziair`nskke piegkp`ke
 Zialirs`fke k`r o`ctir
 Zieyiticke putkrke `dci, `dci t`egg` dke
dke mkapurke `dci
<. Zirkwktke ais`e pkdk 9::: na ketkrk ck`e 8
 Zieyiticke tkc` n`pks
 Zieggket`ke b`c o`ctir
 Zieggket`ke bc` ais`e
 Zieyiticke piegkp`ke
 Zialirs`fke k`r o`ctir
 Ziair`nskke dke picuakske nklic gks
 Ziair`nskke/ pieggket`ke lus`
=. Zirkwktke ais`e lies`e pkdk ;:::: na ketkrk ck`e 8
 Zieyiticke tkc` n`pks
 Ziair`nskke t`a`eg lict
 Zieyiticke nktup
 Ziegiemkegke lkut
 Zieggket`ke b`c o`ctir
 Zieggket`ke bc` ais`e
 Zieggket`ke k`r pied`eg`e

 Ziair`nskke piegkp`ke
 Ziair`nskke t`a`eg idvkemir
 Zialirs`fke k`r o`ctir
 Zieggket`ke lus`
Zbnbn-pbnbn pirkwktke lirnkck ais`e lies`e aic`put` nig`ktke 8
 Ziair`nskke dke pirlk`nke, d`s`egnkt Z.
 Zieggket`ke d`s`egnkt G
 Abduc
Huduc Ziegiemkegke d`s`egnkt
Aicknunke piaic`fkrkke N
piaic`fkrkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <= dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Zicuakske d`s`egnkt C
Hkdwkc pirkwktke ais`e lies`e skapk` 9:::: na d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk tklic lir`nut.

Tklic <.;, Zirkwktke lirnkck ais`e lies`e

Eb Nig`ktke ]ickeg wkntu ( nic`pktke ;::: na )

; 9 ;: ;9 <: <9 =: =9 4: 49 9:
; Tkc` n`pks/_ lict ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
< T`a`eg lict Z - ] - Z - G - Z - ]
= Mickf nktup ] - ] - ] - ] - ] - ]
4 Lkut-lkut ais`e , N - N - N - N - N - N
Myc`edir fikd,
ake`obcd
9 B`c o`ctir G G G G G G G G G G G
? Bc` ais`e G G G G * * * * * * *
7 K`r pied`eg`e G G G G G G G G G G G
6 ]kaluegke sckeg - - - - Z - - - Z - -
pied
0 ]kaluegke p`pk - - - - Z - - - Z - -
pied
;: Nklic s`stia - - Z - Z - Z - Z - Z
piegkp`ke
;; D`str`lutbr mkp/rbtbr - - Z - Z - Z - Z - p
;< Lus` - Z/G Z/G Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/
G G G G G G G G
;= T`a`eg piegkp`ke Z ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ]
;4 T`a`eg idvkemir - - Z - Z - p - p - p
;9 ]kr`egke udkrk Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z
;? Nklic gks Z Z/C Z/C Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/
C C C C C C C C
;7 Tutup tkegn` dke - - - - p - - - p - -
skcurke lkfke lknkr
;6 @dci a`xturi ] - ] - s - s - s - s
;0 Nklic mfbni Z Z/C Z/C Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/ Z/
C C C C C C C C

* 8 Gket` sit`kp <9:: na ktku sisuk` diegke nkpks`tks bc`

Z 8 Zir`nsk dke pirlk`n` ktku gket` l`ck pircu.
G 8 Gket`
N 8 Niemkegnke sisuk` diegke spis`o`nks`
C 8 Cuaks`

=.< Zirkwktke
Zirkwktke lirnkck
lirnkck pkdk nbaprisb
nbaprisbrr

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <4 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Zi
Zirk
rkwk
wktk
tke
e lirn
lirnkc
kckk ktku
ktku smfiduccid ak`etiekemi airu
airupk
pknk
nke
e lk
lkg`
g`ke
ke dkr`
dkr` priviet`vi
ak`etiekemi ykeg akek
akek ais`e d`rkwkt simkrk rut`e dkcka `etirvkc wkntu tirtietu.
Zirkwktke lirnkck pkdk nbaprisbr p`stbe d`eyktknke dkcka 8
 Zirkwktke fkr`ke (dk`cy
(dk`cy))
 Zirkwktke a`egguke ( wiincy )
 Zirkwktke 9:: hka bpirks`
 Zirkwktke ;::: hka bpirks`
Zirkwktke fkr`ke nbaprisbr p`stbe ketkrk ck`e 8
 Ziair`nskke lkrbaitir
 Ziair`nskke o`ctir udkrk
 Ziair`nskke nit`egg`ke bc` pbrbs iegnbc ( b`c civic )
 Zialukegke k`r nbediesks` pkdk piekapueg
Zirkwktke a`egguke nbaprisbr p`stbe ketkrk ck`e 8
 Ziair`nskke nit`egg`ke bc` pbrbs iegnbc ( b`c civic )
 Zialukegke k`r nbediesks` pkdk piekapueg
Zirkwktke 9:: hka bpirks` pkdk nbaprisbr p`stbe ketkrk ck`e 8
 Zieggket`ke bc` pbrbs iegnbc
 Ziegiemkegke lkut-lkut pkdk nbaprisbr p`stbe
Zirkwktke ;::: hka bpirks` pkdk nbaprisbr p`stbe ketkrk ck`e 8
 Zialirs`fke dke piair`nskke skr`egke udkrk aksun
 Ziair`nskke dke pialirs`fke nktup nbaprisbr
 Zicuakske dke pialirs`fke abtbr c`str`n
 Zialirs`fke nbaprisbr simkrk nisicurufke dke `etirmbbcir
Ziehkdukcke pirkwktke lirnkck d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk tklic lir`nut

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <9 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Tklic .<.<, Zirkwktke lirnkck nbaprisbr p`stbe

=.= Zirkwktke lirnkck pbapk sietr`ougkc

Zirkwktke lirnkck pkdk pbapk sietr`ougkc kdkckf priviet`vi ak`etiekemi ykeg d`cknunke
dkcka `etirvkc wkntu tiritietu, a`sskceyk fkr`ke, a`egguke, luckeke, ieka luckeke ktku tkfueke.
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <? dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Ziaic`fkrke lirnkck dkpkt hugk d`cknunke dkcka `etirvkc wkntu hka nirhk a`skceyk <9: hka, 9::
hka, 79: hka dke ;::: hka.
Pkeg
Pkeg d`pi
d`piet
et`e
`egn
gnke
ke dk
dkcka
cka pi
piai
aic`
c`fk
fkrkk
rkke
e fk
fkr`
r`ke
ke kd
kdkc
kckf
kf `e
`esp
spin
ins`,
s`, pi
piai
air`
r`ns
nskk
kke
e kt
ktku
ku
abe`tbr`eg.

Ziair`nskke lirnkck pbapk ykeg d`rinbaiedks`nke ketkrk ck`e 8

 Ziair`nskke fkr`ke

 Ziair`nskke luckeke
 Ziair`nskke t`gk luckeke
 Ziair`nskke ieka luckeke
 Ziair`nskke c`ak tkfueke

Fkc-fkc ykeg d`cknunke pkdk piair`nskke fkr`ke ketkrk ck`e 8

 Ziair`nskke tiapirktur ruakf lketkcke, d`cknunke diegke aieggueknke tirabaitir ktuk

diegke sietufke tkegke.

 Ziair`nskke tinkeke `skp dke tinke. D`cknunke diegke aialkmk akebaitir dke vknua
aitir ykeg d`pkskeg pkdk pbapk.
 Ziair`nskke nilbmbrke pkdk pkn`eg nbtkn ( stuoo`eg lbx sikc ), tirdkpkt nilbmbrke ktku
t`dkn.
 Ziair`
Ziair`nsk
nskke
ke piaknk
piaknk`ke
`ke krus
krus c`s
c`str`
tr`n.
n. D`cknu
D`cknunke
nke diegke
diegke aic`fkt
aic`fkt kapiri
kapiri aitir
aitir ykeg
ykeg
d`pkskeg pkdk `estkcks`.
 Ziair`nskke huackf picuaks d` dkcka ruakf lketkcke. D`cknunke diegke mkrk d`c`fkt.
Fkc-fkc ykeg d`cknunke pkdk piair`nskke luckeke ketkrk ck`e 8

Yetun pbapk lieka, sit`kp lucke d`cknunke piair`nskke tkfkeke `sbcks` pkdk abtbr. Lktks
tkfkeke ykeg d``z`enke kdkckf  ; A.

Fkc-fkc ykeg d`cknunke pkdk piair`nskke t`gk luckeke ketkrk ck`e 8

 Zieggket`ke a`eykn picuaks d` ruakf lketkcke.
 Ziair`nskke griksi ktku pieggket`ke griksi
Fkc-fkc ykeg d`cknunke pkdk piair`nskke ieka luckeke ketkrk ck`e 8
 Ziair`nskke siculueg pbrbs dkr` kdkeyk nikuske. H`nk tirhkd` nikuske siculueg d`gket`.
 Ziair`nskke pkn`eg tinke. H`nk siculueg d`gket`, pkn`eg tinke hugk d`gket`.
 Ziair`
Ziair`nsk
nskke
ke kc`geai
kc`geaiet
et nbpc`e
nbpc`eg.
g. H`nk
H`nk kc`gea
kc`geaiet
iet tic
tickf
kf aicil`
aicil`f`,
f`, nbpc`e
nbpc`eg/p
g/pbrb
brbss d`sit
d`sit

nialkc`.
Fkc-fkc ykeg d`cknunke pkdk piair`nskke c`ak tkfueke ketkrk ck`e 8
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <7 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Ziair`nskke lkg`ke ykeg lirputkr

 Ziair`nskke nbrbs` pkdk ruakf pbapk
 Ziair`nskke nktup-nktup
 Ziair`nskke kc`geaiet pbrbs

Ziair`nskke `sbcks` abtbr ( uetun abtbr lieka )
=.4 Zirkwktke lirnkck D`isic Giesit

Gieirktbr airupknke ut`c`tks pieyid`k ieirg` c`str`n pklr`n ykeg skegkt piet`eg. H`nk
ut`c`tks `e` tirgkeggu aknk prbduns` hugk tirgkeggu. Zirkwktke lirnkck pkdk giesit d`cknunke
sit`kp <9: hka niaud`ke sit`kp <9:: hka.
Nig`ktke pirkwktke lirnkck pkdk giesit ketkrk ck`e 8
 Ziair`nskke
 Zialirs`fke
 Zieggket`ke

 Ziegiemkegke
 Zieyiticke
 Zieg`s`ke
 Zicuakske
Ziehkdwkcke dke obrakt pirkwktkeeyk d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk tklic lir`nut

Tklic .<.=, Zirkwktke lirnkck Giesit

Iqu`paiet/Akmf`ei 8 …………………………
Akeuokmturir 8 …………………………
Zbwir 8 …………………………

]piid (rpa) 8 …………………………

]ir`is eualir 8 …………………………
Cbmkt`be 8 …………………………
@estkcckt`be yi
yikr 8 …………………………

Eb Kmt`v`ty Wbrn fburs Wbrn fburs Wbrn fburs

<9: f <9:: f 9::: f
; Mfkegi b`c ked o`ctir *
< Culr`mkti oke likr`eg *
= Mcike lriktfir *
4 Mcike ixtirekc rkd`ktbr *
9 Mfimn _ lict *
? @espimt/kdd mbbc`eg triktaiet *
7 Wksf pr`akry o`ctir *
6 Mcike/ripckmi k`r o`ctir *
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <6 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

0 Mfimn lkttiry icimtrbcyt *

;: @espimt icimtr`mkc systia *
;; Kdhust vkcvi cksf *
;< Mfimn tfirabstkt *
;= @espimt mbbc`eg systia *
;4 Mfimn prbtimt`vi div`mis *
;9 Ebzzci tist *
;? @espimt kctirektbr *
;7 @espimt turlbmfkrgir *
;6 @espimt abtbr stkrtir *
;0 Culr`mkti likr`eg gieirktbr *

Ziehkdwkcke ais`e nfususD`isic d`tuehunnke sipirt` tklic lir`nut 8

Tklic .<.4, Zirkwktke lirnkck D`isic

Iqu`paiet/Akmf`ei 8 …………………………
Akeuokmturir 8 …………………………

Z
]bpw
iiidr (rpa) 88 …
……
……
……
……
……
……
……
……
……
…
]ir`is eualir 8 …………………………
Cbmkt`be 8 …………………………
@estkcckt`be yikr 8 …………………………

Wbrn fburs Wbrn fburs Wbrn fburs

Eb Ye`t Kmt`v`ty
;: f/dk`cy ?: f ;<: f
; Mkrtir Mfimn b`c civic *
< Mfkegi b`c *
= Ouic puap Mfimn/kdd b`c civic *
4 Mfkegi b`c *
9 Gbvirebr Culr`mkti d`kvrkga
? Mfimn/kdd b`c civic *
7 Mfkegi b`c *
6 K`r o`ctir Mfimn/kdd b`c civic * *
0 Mfimn/kdd b`c civic *
;: ]tkrtir ab
abtbr Culr`mkti ab
abtbr li
likr`eg
;; _ lict Culr`mkti pucy likr`eg *

=.9 Zirkwktke
Zirkwktke lirnkck
lirnkck i
ixmkvktb
xmkvktbrr

Ixmkvktbr airupknke kckt lirkt ykeg aia`c`n` sul systia ykeg munup nbapcin. Kgkr pirkcktke
tirsilut aia`c`n` t`egnkt nikedkcke ykeg t`egg` d`pircunke pirkwktke lirnkck ykeg nbes`s`tie.

Zirkwktke lirnkck pkdk ixmkvktbr dkpkt d`cknunke silkgk` lir`nut.

Zirkwktke ;: hka uetun ;:: hka pirtkak.
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 <0 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Zirkwktke ;: hka uetun hka pirtkak kdkckf 8

 Cuaks` lbba, st`mn dke lumnid c`enkgi
Zirkwktke ;: hka ktku fkr`ke silkgk` lir`nut 8
 Min mbbc`eg systia civic

Min ieg`ei b`c civic
 Lukeg ouic systia wktir sipkrktbr
 Lukeg ouic tken wktir dke sid`aiet
 Min fydrkuc`m systia b`c civic
 Tis `ed`mktbrs dke gkugis
 Zir`nsk sikt lict
 Zir`nsk trkmn kdhustaiet
 Tis trkvic kckra
 Min uedirmkrr`kgi

Zir`nsk wkcn krbued
Zirkwktke 9: hka/a`egguke
 Cuaks` lbba, st`mn dke lumnid c`enkgi
Zirkwktke ;:: hka
 Gket` ieg`ei b`c ked o`ctir
 Gket` ouic systia o`ctir
 Bpirks`nke ouic systia pr`a`eg puap.
puap.
 Gket` fydrkuc`m systia b`c o`ctir
Zirkwktke <9: hka ( sktu luckeke )

Min ieg`ei vkcvi cksf
 Gket` o`ekc dr`vi b`c
 Gket` fydrkuc`m systia b`c o`ctir
 Gket` fydrkuc`m systia b`c riture o`ctir
 Gket` sw`eg dr`vi b`c
Zirkwktke <9: hkake ( sktu luckeke )
 Tis k`r mbed`t`beir
 Cuaks` lict t`gftieir likr`eg (oke lict)
 Lirs`fnke mbediesir (rior`girket)

Zir`nsk mbbc`eg systia fbsi
 Gket` ieg`ei b`c ked o`ctir
Abduc
Huduc Min Aicknunke
o`ekc dr`vi b`c civic
piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =: dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Cuaks` sw`eg likr`eg

 Min sw`eg dr`vi b`c civic
 Gket`/pir`nsk/stic _ licts

4. Nkrtu-nkrtu pirkwktke simkrk uaua

Dkcka picknskekke pirkwktke lirnkck, priviet`o dke prid`nt`o d`pircunke vl
Nkrtu-nkrtu ykeg d`pircunke ketkrk ck`e 8
 Nkrtu Ais`e
 Nkrtu Zirkwktke Lirnkck
 Nkrtu Ckpbrke Nirusknke
 Nkrtu Ckpbrke Zirlk`nke
 Nkrtu Bpirks`
 Nkrtu Ziaknk`ke

Nkrtu ykeg ck`e aic`put` 8

 Nkrtu DB\ ( Dk`cy Bpirkt`be \imbrd )
 Nkrtu AB\ (Akmf`ei Bpirkt`be \imbrd)
 Nkrtu AM\ ( Akmf`ei Mbed`t`be \ipbrt
\ipbrt )
 Nkrtu FA ( F`stbr`mkc Ak`etiekemi )
 Nkrtu WB ( Wbrn Brdir )
 Nkrtu ]A\ ( ]mfiduci Ak`etiekemi \ipbrt )
4.;. Nkrtu ais`e
Nkrtu ais`e airupknke nkrtu ykeg lir`s`nke `diet`tks ais`e. Dktk-dktk ykeg pircu d`mketuanke

ketkrk ck`e 8
 Ekak ais`e
 Eb `evietkr`s
 Akeuokmtur
 T`pi
 Eb sir`
 Ynurke
 ]pis`o`nks`
Nkrtu ais`e skegkt lirguek uetun pirkwktke dke pirlk`nka lir`nuteyk. Nkrtu ais`e d`ciegnkp`

diegke nkrtu `evietkr`s ( d`tuehunnke sipirt` tklic lir`nut).

Tklic. <.9, Nkrtu `evietkr`s
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =; dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Nkrtu @evietkr`s Kckt

Eb. @evietkr`s 8
ZI\Y]KFKKE
Eb. Tiedir 8
Eb. @tia 8
T`pi Kckt 8

Zklr`n 8
Eb. Mktkcbg 8
Eb. ]tkedkrd 8
]uppc`ir 8
]tbmn
]pis`o`nks` Kckt Tkeggkc Lkg`ke
A`e`aua

Ynurke 8 Tkeggkc 8
Fkrgk 8 Tkedk Tkegke 8

Tklic. <.?, Nkrtu pira`etkke pirkwktke

ZI]KEKE ZI\KWKTKE DKE ZI\LK@NKE KCKT-KCKT
Ziru
Ziruskf
skfkk
kke
e8
Ekak Kckt 8
Ebabr Ebabr Ckpbrke
Ebabr ]ir` 8 @evietkr`s 8 Nirusknke

Hie`s Nirusknke 8

Nbbrd`ektbr
Tkeggkc 8 YZTZZ 8
Dipkrtiaie 8

Tklic. <.7, Nkrtu ais`e

ZI\Y]KFKKE NK\TY AI]@E Ekak Ais`e 8

Eb.@evietkr`s 8
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =< dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Typi 8 Zklr`n 8
Eb.]ir` 8 ]upc`ir 8
Tf
Tf.Z
.Zia
ialulukt
ktke
ke/F
/Fkg
kgkk 8
Ynurke Ais`e 8 Lirkt 8 Tbtkc Dkyk
Ais`e Nkrkntir`st`n Abtbr
Abtbr uetun
Zialukt
T`pi dke ebabr
Tigkegke
Zutkrke (\ZA)
Dkyk (NW)
]pis`o`nks`

Hie`s/Huackf Zicuaks 8 ]klun

Huackf Mk`rke Zied`eg`e 8 Cilkr x Zkehkeg
Nitirkegke 8

Tklic .<.6, Ckpbrke nirusknke

Cialkr ; 8 uetun Kda`e`strks`
Ye`t Zicknskek Tine`s
ZIAIC@FK\KKE & ZI\LK@NKE
( YZT ” ZZ )
ZI\Y]KFKKE CKZB\KE NI\Y]KNKE Ebabr Ckpbrke
Ckpbrke 8
Tk
Tkeg
eggk
gkcc Aksun
Aksun 8
Tkegg
Tkeggkckc ]icis
]icisk`
k` 8
Ekak ]krkek/Zrkskrkek
]krkek/Zrkskrkek 8 …………………
……………………………………
…………………...
... Zirl
Zirlkk`nk
`nke dd`` 8T
Tia
iappkt / YZT ZZ / C
Cu
ukr

(Lkegueke/Gidueg/Kckt/Ais`e, dcc) Z
Lru`b
nur`tAke
ks eukc
Ak 88 Dk
D
K
Kdkdrkur/ kT`d
t/A
T`dkinediskn/L`ksk
\ukeg/Gidueg/Airn/Typi 8 ……………………………………...
Ebabr @evietkr`s
@evietkr`s 8 …………………
……………………………………
…………………...
...
Cbnks` 8 ……………………………………...

D`spbs`s` u/. Tine`s` / Zicknskek

Hie`s Nirusknke 8
(Zieyilkl Nirusknke)

Zieyicisk`ke 8
Nk. YZT / ]in
Ekak piekeggueg
piekeggueg hkwkl Kckt / A
Ais`e
is`e 8 D`mktkt bcif Kda. YZT.

................................................................................................... ...........................................................................................
Tkedk Tkegke / Tkeggkc

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 == dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Tklic <.0, Nkrtu pira`etkke lkrkeg/ spkri pkrt

LBE ZI\A@ETKKE Zkrko
ZI\Y]KFKKE EB 8 Zieir`ak Zitugks

Ekak 8 Tkeggkc 8
Hklktke 8
]ins` 8

Eb. Lkrkeg Ynurke Eb. Huackf Nitirkegke

@evietkr`s
;
<
=
4
9

Ziaiske …………………., ……………………. <::9

Nipkck Liegnic / ]upirv`sbr,

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =4 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

( ) ( )

4.< Nkrtu-nkrtu pirkwktke grbued suppbrt

suppbrt iqu`paiets
Nkrtu”nkrtu ykeg d`pircunke uetun aicknunke pirkwktke pkdk grbued suppbrt iqu`paiets ketkrk
ck`e 8
 Nkrtu pirkwktke piemigkfke ( Zriviet`vi Ak`etiekemi @estrumt`be ktku ZA@ )
 Nkrtu pira`etkke pirkwktke ( Wbrn`eg Brdir ktku WB )
 Nkrtu ckpbrke nirusknke
nirusknke pirkcktke (Ok`curi \ipbrt ktku O\ )
 Nkrtu pirkcktke ykeg dkpkt d`pirlk`n`/d`gueknke nialkc` (Iqu`paiet Ysklci/]irv`miklci
Tkg ktku I]T)
 Nkrtu nitirkegke tickf d`pirlk`n` ( Ak`etiekemi \iciksi ktku A\ )
 Nkrtu pikcktke ykeg dkpkt d`pirlk`n` ( Iqu`paiet \ipk`rklci Tkg ktku I\T)
 Nkrtu pirkcktke ykeg d`r`hin ( Iqu`paiet Tiapbrkry \ihimt`be ktku IT\ )
 Nkrtu ktku lunu r`wkykt pirkwktke ( Ak`etiekemi Cbg Lbbn ktku CL)
4.= Nkrtu pirkwktke piemigkfke
Nkrtu `e` lir`s`nke tietkeg hkdukc pirkwktke, lkg`ke ykeg d`rkwkt, aitbdk, nr`tir`k, tiraksun
ekak ais`e, t`pi, pklr`n, eb `evietkr`s, tkeggkc, ebair nkrtu ZA@ dke ebabr nkrtu WB.
Nkrtu ZA@ d`tuehunnke pkdk tklic lir`nut.

Tklic <.;:, Nkrtu ZA@ pkdk Lkggkgi Mkrt

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =9 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

4.4 Nkrtu pira`etkke

pira`etkke pirkwktke
pirkwktke (WB)
(WB)
Nkrtu `e` airupknke nkrtu pira`etkke pirkwktke lir`s`nke lkg`ke ykeg d`rkwkt, aitbdk,
nr`tir`k, tiraksun ekak ais`e, t`pi, pklr`n, eb `evietkr`s, tkeggkc, ebabr nkrtu WB, dke hie`s
pinirhkke. Nkrtu pira`etkke pirkwktke d`tuehunnke sipirt` tklic lir`nut.

Tklic <.;;, Nkrtu pira`etkke pirkwktke (WB)

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =? dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

4.9 Nkrtu ak`etiekemi riciksi.

riciksi.
Nkrt
Nkrtu
u `e
`e`` li
lir`
r`s`n
s`nke
ke pi
pire
reyk
yktk
tkke
ke tickf
tickf si
sici
cisk`
sk`ey
eykk pi
pirl
rlk`
k`nk
nke
e dk
dke
e ri
rinb
nbai
aied
edks`
ks` wknt
wkntu
u ue
uetu
tun
n
piair`nskke sickehuteyk. Nkrtu ak`etiekemi riciksi d`tuehunnke sipirt` tklic lir`nut.
Tklic <.;<, Nkrtu ak`etiekemi riciksi

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =7 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

4.? Nkrtu lunu r`wkykt pirkwktke ( Ak`etiekemi Cbg Lbbn )

Nkrtu `e` airupknke nkrtu ktku lunu r`wkykt pirlk`nke lir`s`nke lkg`ke ykeg d`rkwkt, disnr`ps`
pirlk`knke ktku nirusknke , tiraksun ekak ais`e, t`pi, pklr`n, eb `evietkr`s, dke tkeggkc
pirlk`nke. Nkrtu r`wkykt pirkwktke d`tuehunnke sipirt` pkdk tklic lir`nut.

Tklic <.;=, Nkrtu r`wkykt

r `wkykt pirkwktke/pirlk`nke

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =6 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

9. ]tkedkrd Bpirkeg Zrbmiduris (]bp)

Zrbsis pkdk suktu pinirhkke fkrus d`rkemkeg dke d`nialkegnke, niskckfke prbsidur
dkpkt tirhkd`, l`ck suktu pinirhkke t`dkn d`rkemkeg diegke lk`n, dkpkt aie`alucnke nimicknkke
ktku nirusknke. Yetun `tu pircu d`lukt suktu prbsidur titkp ykeg lirs`okt stkedkrd, sif`eggk s`kpk
skhkpu
skhkpue,
e, nkpke
nkpke skhkpue
skhkpue dke d`akek
d`akek skhkpue
skhkpue d`cknu
d`cknunke
nke ckegnk
ckegnkf-ck
f-ckegn
egnkfe
kfeyk
yk t`dkn
t`dkn lirulk
lirulkf.
f.
Ckegnk
Ckegnkf-c
f-ckeg
kegnkf
nkf nirhk
nirhk ykeg
ykeg tirt`l
tirt`l `e` d`silu
d`silutt ]BZ
]BZ (stkedkrd bpirkt`eg prbmiduris), silutke
ck`eeyk
ck`eeyk Zrbtkp (Zrbsidu
(Zrbsidurr tktkp). Cialkgk
Cialkgk ktku piruskfkke
piruskfkke ykeg
ykeg liskr dke lbek
lbeko`di
o`di uauaeyk
tickf aiaknk` ]BZ dkcka aicknskeknke tugks, sipirt` 8 Dipkrtiaie/d`eks N`aprksw`c, Bpirks`
pks`ie d` ruakf skn`t, Lkpidkc, ZBC\@, dke ck`eeyk. ]BZ airupknke fks`c o`ekc`sks` dke
nisiapurekke prbsidur nirhk. Diegke kdkeyk ]BZ d`fkrkpnke pinirhkke dkpkt tircknskek diegke
lk`n, tipkt wkntu, dke dkpkt d`pirtkeggueg
d`pirtkeggueg hkwklnke.
Zi
Zied
edin
inkt
ktke
ke dkr`
dkr` s`
s`st
stia
ia akeu
akeus`
s`kk - ais`
ais`e
e airu
airupk
pknk
nke
e sk
skck
ckfk
fk sk
sktu
tu mk
mkrk
rk d`
d`pk
pknk
nk``
airiemkeknke suktu pinirhkke. Kdk t`gk struntur dkskr s`stia ykeg sir`eg d`pirt`alkegnke, yk`tu8
;) ]`stia akeukc, aic`lktn
aic`lktnke
ke akeus`k
akeus`k diegke
diegke lketuke
lketuke ainke`s
ainke`s ktku pirnknks tkegke. Akeus`k
aiesupck` tiekgk ykeg d`pircunke dke lirt`edkn silkgk` piegiedkc` prbsis. Kckt-kckt ainke`s
aialketu aic`pktgkedknke upkyk akeus`k, d`s`e` kdk ouegs`-ouegs` d`akek akeus`k ckegsueg
aiegulkf aksunke aiehkd` nicukrke. ]`stia akeukc lirbp
lirbpirks`
irks` dkcka suktu c`egnuegke
c`egnuegke nirhk
ykeg aiapueyk` dkapkn pkdk akeus`k dke nicukrke (butput)> <) ]`tia sia`btbakt`s, aic`lkt
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 =0 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

akeu
akeus`
s`kk tiru
tirutk
tkak
ak si
silk
lkgk
gk`` pieg
piegie
iedk
dkc`
c` pr
prbs
bsis
is.. Akeu
Akeus`
s`kk di
dieg
egke
ke ais`
ais`e
e kt
ktku
ku kc
kckt
kt sk
skc`
c`eg
eg
aiap
aiapie
iegk
gkru
ruf`
f` di
dieg
egke
ke akek
akekeg
eggk
gkp`
p` `eob
`eobra
raks`
ks` tietk
tietkeg
eg pr
prbs
bsis
is dk
dke
e aiek
aiekos`
os`rn
rnke
keey
eykk si
sirtk
rtk
aiegguekn
aieggueknke
ke sipirkegnkt
sipirkegnkt piegiedkc`>
piegiedkc`> =) ]`stia-s`tia
]`stia-s`tia btbakt`s,
btbakt`s, t`dkn aiaircunke akeus`k,
nkriek
nkriek siauk
siauk ouegs`
ouegs` `edrk,
`edrk, dke piarbs
piarbsiske
iske `eobra
`eobraks`
ks`,, piegka
piegkal`c
l`c niputu
niputuske
ske dke t`edkn
t`edknke
ke

d`cknunke bcif ais`e. D`s`e` akeus`k lirouegs` silkgk` abe`tbr`eg aialketu aiegiedkc`nke
prbsiseyk, dke simkrk pir`bd`n ktku tirus-aieirus aicknunke piegkwkske diegke pkrkaitir
tirtietu.
Zkdk prbsis nirhk s`stia akeukc aks`f lkeykn nkrykwke aiaknk` ]BZ, lirlidk pkdk
s`stia
s`stia nirhk
nirhk sia`bt
sia`btbak
bakt`s
t`s dke btbakt
btbakt`s
`s tic
tickf
kf piaknk
piaknk`ke
`ke ]BZ lirnur
lirnurkeg
keg,, nkriek
nkriek lilirk
lilirkpk
pk
pinirhkke akeukc tickf d`cknskeknke diegke lk`n bcif ais`e-ais`e simkrk ainke`n ” icintrbe`n -
mbaputir, uapkakeyk pinirhkke ‑Bpirks` Ais`e lulut MEM‑.
Disk`e-
Disk`e-dis
disk`e
k`e pinirhk
pinirhkke
ke ykeg
ykeg d`tkutu
d`tkutunke
nke diegke
diegke s`stia-s
s`stia-s`st
`stia
ia tkt
tktkk citkn
citkn ouegs`
ouegs`bek
bekcc
miedirueg
miedirueg rickt`o
rickt`o cuks, wkckupue
wkckupue d`spis`kc`sks`
d`spis`kc`sks`nke.
nke. ]`stia ouegs`bekc
ouegs`bekc dia`n`ke
dia`n`ke aiegfiedkn
aiegfiedkn``

nkrykwke ykeg lirnitrkap`cke t`egg`. Nkrykwke tirspis`kc`sks` dke aia`c`n` nikfc`ke nfusus.
Zkdk pinirhkke knke d`tiaunke kdk pieguckegke ckegnkf-ckegnkf, krt`eyk l`ck sibrkeg ainke`n
liegnic abl`c ktku nksulkg TY ykeg lirpiegkckake dke aiehkcke tugks ckak, d`k dkpkt
airksknke kdk pieguckegke ckegnkf-ckegnkf nirhk sit`kp d`k aicknunke pinirhkke ykeg skak
wkckupue
wkckupue nbetins
nbetins lirlidk, dke hugk kdkeyk
kdkeyk nis`ekalueg
nis`ekaluegke
ke pkdk suktu pinirhkke,
pinirhkke, dke ykeg
sickcu
sickcu kdk ckegnk
ckegnkf-c
f-ckeg
kegnkf
nkf titkp,
titkp, du
duak
ak d`lktks
d`lktks`` urutke
urutke tugks
tugks simkrk
simkrk nkpks`t
nkpks`tks,
ks, wkntu
wkntu dke
tkeggueg hkwkl.
]uktu ]BZ fkrus aia`c`n` knurks` urk`ke prbsis nihkd`ke
nihkd`ke lisirtk
lisirtk piegiedkc`
piegiedkc`keey
keeyk,
k,
ketkrk ck`e8

 Kdk dkotkr lkfke dke nbapbeie suktu prbsis diegke nkrkntir`st`n nukc`tks a`e`akc>
nfususeyk kdk piehickske huackf nbapbeie stkedkr ykeg d`gueknke.
 Kdk disnr`ps` ciegnkp nbapbeie (skapic) ykeg aist` d`pirs`kpnke silicua pinirhkke
d`cknskeknke> tird`r` dkr` urk`ke ktku obraucks` nbapbeie nfusus ktku kmuke ckykn tiraksun
huackf dke ebabr sir` nbapbeie.
nbapbeie.
 Kdk dkotkr
dkotkr nkrknt
nkrkntir`s
ir`st`n
t`n pircie
pirciegnk
gnkpke
pke (iqu`paiet), sip
sipirt`
irt`88 nkpks`t
nkpks`tks,
ks, nipris`
nipris`s`ke
s`ke,,
nitirlktkske, dkyksuk` (mbapkt`l`c`t`is
(mbapkt`l`c`t`is),
), `ed`nks` ekak pirciegnkpke nfusus.
 Kdk disnr`ps` ckegnkf-ckegnkf prbsis pir`st`wk tiraksun snkck ktku nkpks`tks bpirks`.

 Kdk pkrkaitir piegiedkc`ke prbsis, aitbdi dke nilirfks`cke. Aitbdi tis ktku blsirvks`

yk
ykeg
eg airu
airupk
pknk
nke
e pi
pieg
egie
iedk
dkc`
c`ke
ke pr
prbs
bsis
is yk
ykeg
eg io
ioin
int`
t`oo dk
dke
e pi
pieg
eguh
uh`k
`ke
e fk
fkru
russ aiap
aiapue
ueyk
yk``
dbnuaietks`.
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 4: dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

 Kdk d`kgrka kc`r nirhk.

 Kdk pieguh`ke
pieguh`ke ioint`v`tks
ioint`v`tks lk`n dkcka prbsis akupue sisudkf
sisudkf kdk prbdun, `e` d`lktks`
d`lktks`
ktku kdk nr`tir`k ykeg dkpkt d`tir`ak p`fkn prbois`bekc.
 Kdk mbetbf pirf`tuegke, ist`aks` wkntu, nkrtu `s`ke.

 Kdk l`kyk, kckt kegnut, dke dkotkr okntbr pieggkeggu.

 Kdk ykeg picknskek dke pirtkeggueghkwklke> s`kpk aicknskeknke kpk2

 Kdk knuetkl`c`tks p`ap`eke.

 Kdk pickpbrke dke dbnuaietks`.

Fks`c dkr` suktu disk`e dke kekc`s`s tugks kdkckf tugks-tugks dkr` suktu pinirhkke dkpkt
d`unur
d`unur.. Ebrake
Ebrake I, Grbecu
Grbecued
ed aieggu
aiegguekn
eknke
ke `st`ckf
`st`ckf tugks
tugks pirobr
pirobrake
akes`
s` pircuk
pircukske
ske (Ixtiedid
pirobrakemi tksn) uetun aiehicksnke nk`tke pirobrakes` diegke tugks ykeg lig`tu nbaprifies`o.
Ekaue, l`kskeyk tugks ykeg lig`tu cuks tird`r` dkr` lilirkpk tugks nim`c, lkfnke dkpkt lirupk
nig`ktke-nig`ktke (kmt`v`ty
(kmt`v`ty),
), pieg
piegbpirks
bpirks`ke
`ke (bpirkt`be
bpirkt`be),
), dke ckegnkf-ckegnkf (stip
stip).
). ]BZ dkpkt
d`nialkegnke aickcu` kekc`s`s tugks pinirhkke, lir`nut fuluegke virt`nkc dkr` suktu kekc`s`s
tugks.

Gkalkr ; d` lkwkf `e` tirc`fkt suktu tugks tird`r` dkr` lilirkpk knt`v`tks, dke suktu
knt`v`tks lirnialkeg aiehkd` lilirkpk bpirks`, dke suktu bpirks` dkpkt d`urk`nke dkcka
lilirkpk ckegnkf.

Zinirhkke

Niwkh`lke ; N
Niiwkh`lke < Niwkh`lke =

Tugks ; Tugks < Tugks.., dst

Knt`v`tks ; Bpirks` ;

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Bpirks` < Fkckake8 4; dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Knt`v`tks., dst

Gkalkr <.; 8 F`rkrn` kekc`s`s tugks ykeg knke d`tkap`cnke pisirtk d`d`n/akfks`swk.

Zkedkegke sbs`btine`s, nbesip-nbesip dke aitbdi-aitbdi pkedkegke tinebcbg` kdkckf

ainke`st`n, yk`tu akeus`k d`keggkp silkgk` ais`e, lkfnke d`keggkp aktk rketk` dkr` ais`e. Kdk
duk kckske, pirtkak `kckf tirdkpkt suktu s`stia lirskak ykeg lirbpirks`, s`stia sbs`btine`s, dke
bpt`aks` lirskak kdkckf tipkt. Kckske niduk `kckf sit`kp s`stia sbs`btine`s tirtkeka dkcka suktu
c`
c`eg
egnu
nueg
egke
ke.. C`eg
C`egnu
nueg
egke
ke `e`
`e` d`pi
d`pieg
egkr
kruf
uf`` bcif
bcif sukt
suktu
u ni
nilu
ludk
dkyk
ykke
ke dk
dke
e e`
e`ck
ck`-e
`-e`c
`ck`
k`ey
eykk sirtk
sirtk
sipirkegnkt prkntin ykeg uauaeyk tickf d`tir`ak, d`akek tirdkpkt pirkeke-pirkeke tirtietu
uetun brgke`sks`-brgke`sks` prbois` dke brkeg tirnk`t. Cialkgk ykeg linirhk aieggueknke ]BZ
knke aiegfks`cnke 8 ;) aialkwk pirlk`nke autu> <) aiekalkf nicuwiske> =) Aieg`diet`o`nks`
nkrykwke ykeg aiapueyk` ninurkegke dkcka prbdunt`v`tks dke autu> 4) Aiegurkeg` ouegs`-
ouegs` pickykeke dkcka huruske, sipirt` `epins` dbsie tirfkdkp akfks`swk> 9) Aiegialkegnke
s`nkp ykeg cil`f aieguetuegnke tirfkdkp tkeggueg hkwkl, t`egnkt nirhk `ed`v`du, ckhu nirhk
`ed`v`du, dke d`str`lus` lilke nirhk.

9.; Obrakt dke Akekhiaie

Zkdkk suktu
Zkd suktu ]BZ knke
knke tirgka
tirgkalkr
lkr `diet`
`diet`o`n
o`nks`,
ks`, piegie
piegiedkc
dkc`ke
`ke,, niakap
niakapuke
uke sicusur,
sicusur,

nbes`sties`, dke knuetkl`c`tks. ]uktu ]BZ fiedknckf aiapueyk` obrakt silkgk` lir`nut 8
;) Ekak cialkgk, ekak sick`e pkdk nbp hugk kdk pkdk sit`kp fkckake.
<) Huduc,, huduc fkrus hicks tirurk` dke tirunur. Nkriek, pkdk sit`kp prbsidur d`urk`nke
Huduc
lkgk`akek aiegirhknkeeyk, huduc aist` lirgkyk lkfksk pir`etkf (d`rint`o) uetun
aiehicksnke ‖s`kpk aiegirhknke kpk‐. ]uktu ]BZ lirhuduc "Lkfke lknkr sbckr uetun `ehins`
abtbr D`isic ‑ t`dkn aieggkalkrnke prbsidur> cil`f mbmbn d`lir` huduc –Zrbsis `ehins`
lkfke lknkr sbckr pkdk abtbr D`isic.‑ Gkyk lkfksk d`rint`o, sipirt`., "Zieguh`ke dkr`...,"
"Bpirks` dkr`...." ktku "Zirkwktke dkr`...".
=) Fkckake, fkrus tirtuc`s "fkckake = dkr` 7", `e` aieggkalkrnke kdk nickehutke.

4) @diet`o`nks` dke Ziegiedkc`ke, pkdk suktu Zrbsidur aist` tir`diet`o`nks` niue`nkeeyk.

@diet`o`nks` uetun aiapirs`kpnke knuetkl`c`tks,
knuetkl`c`tks, dke gkalkrke
gkalkrke suktu dbnuaietks` skapk`
oks`c`t
oks`c`tks
Huduc Abduc ks dke aksk
Aicknunke aks k nidkcu
piaic`fknid
rkkekcuwkr
piaic`fkrkke wkrskke
ais`e skkepirpirulk
pir ulkfke
dke pirkcktke
kcktke fke.. Knuetk
Knuetkl`cl`c`tks
`tks dke gkalkr
gkalkrke
ke prbsid
prbsidur
ur
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 4< dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

lirdkskrnke pkdk sihuackf `diet`o`nks` ktku nbdi, ykeg airupknke piegiedkc`ke (sipirt`.,
nkpke dke lirkpk nkc` riv`s` ktku huackf id`s` ]BZ d`cknunke).
Tuhuke,, su
9) Tuhuke sukt
ktu
u tu
tuhu
huke
ke ktku
ktku skskr
skskrke
ke pr
prbs
bsid
idur
ur aist`
aist` dk
dkpk
pktt d`
d`uc
ucke
keg
g (ripi
(ripikt
kt)) dk
dke
e dk
dkpk
pktt
d`nialkegn
d`nialkegnke,
ke, dke d`eyktknke
d`eyktknke dkcka gkyk lkfksk
lkfksk pir`etkf,
pir`etkf, sipirt`.,
sipirt`., bpirks`,
bpirks`, prbsidur,
prbsidur,

prbsis, abe`tbr`eg, dke rut`e`tks pirkwktke diegke piruskfkke KLM dked VPX s`stia
WO@.
?) \ukeg c`egnup. \ukeg c`egnup (smbpi) fkrus aiapueyk` lktks piegguekke prbsidur.
Kpknkf
Kpknkf `tu,
`tu, skapic
skapic tirtie
tirtietu
tu sisuk`
sisuk` pieguh
pieguh`ke
`ke diegke
diegke aitbdi
aitbdi `e`2
`e`2 Kpknkf
Kpknkf bpirks`
bpirks` `e`
tirpkn
tirpknk`
k` fkeyk
fkeyk pkdk
pkdk pircie
pirciegnk
gnkpke
pke tirtie
tirtietu
tu ktku
ktku lkg`ke
lkg`ke tirtiet
tirtietu2
u2 Kpknkf
Kpknkf kdk lktkske
lktkske
nkpks`tks, vbcuai prbsidur2
7) Tkeg
Tkegg
gueg
ueg Hkwkl. ]`k
Hkwkl. ]`kpk
pk lirtke
lirtkeggu
ggueg
eg hkwkl
hkwkl aickns
aicknskek
keknke
nke urk`ke
urk`ke pinirh
pinirhkke2
kke2 ]`kpk
]`kpk
aickpbrnke pinirhkke2 Kpknkf d`pircunke pickt`fke nfusus ktku sirt`o`nkt2 Zkdk sis` `e`
d`lk
d`lktk
tks`
s` nk
nkry
rykw
kwke
ke yk
ykeg
eg aick
aickns
nske
kekn
knke
ke,, sipirt
sipirt`8
`8 s`kp
s`kpkk yk
ykeg
eg aiap
aiapue
ueyk
yk`` kt
ktku
ku sisuk
sisuk``

nukc`o`nk
nukc`o`nks`
s` dkcka
dkcka aickns
aicknskek
keknke
nke urk`ke
urk`ke pinirh
pinirhkke
kke.. @tu knke
knke d`ktur
d`ktur suktu
suktu tkfkpk
tkfkpke
e uetun
uetun
sihuackf ditk`c dkcka dbnuaie lir`nut.
6) Zrbsidur. Yrk`nke prbsidur dkcka ckegnkf dia` ckegnkf (stip-ly-stip) ktku nrbebcbg`s
mkrk nirhk. Gueknke
Gueknke nktk nirhk knt`o dke pireyktkke
pireyktkke ckegsueg,
ckegsueg, sipirt`.,
sipirt`., "Tkalkfnke
"Tkalkfnke ;::.:
;::.:
ac k`r aure`, ZE :;<6."

0) Nilutufk
Nilutufke
e Zirf`tue
Zirf`tuegke
gke / Ziekegke
Ziekegkeke Dbnuaies`` . Yrk`nk
ke dktk / Dbnuaies Yrk`nke
e lkgk`a
lkgk`akek
kek dktk
dktk
aietkf d`bckf dke d`ckpbrnke. ]id`knke mbetbf pirf`tuegke, l`ck kdk.
k dk.
9.< Hie`s ]tkedkr Zrbsidur (]BZ)

]BZ sir`eg d`lkg` dkcka lilirkpk hie`s prbsidur, ketkrk ck`e Akeuokmtur`eg Zrbmiduris
(AZs), [ukc`ty Tist Aitfbds ([TAs), ktku Tist Aitfbds (TAs), ykeg d`rkemkeg dke d`obrakt
nfusus
nfusus uetun
uetun ivkcuk
ivkcuks`
s` pinirhk
pinirhkke.
ke. Zirs`s,
Zirs`s, sipirt
sipirt`` prbsid
prbsidur
ur nkc`lr
nkc`lrks`
ks` ktku Zrbsid
Zrbsidur
ur pirkwk
pirkwktke
tke
priviet`o. Nktigbr`sks` prbsidur lirguek, ekaue cil`f lk`n nktigbr`sks`eyk lirdkskrnke pkdk
hie`s urk`ke kntv`tks. @e`
@ e` cil`f sir`eg silut pialuktke ]BZ lirdkskrnke ouegs`bekc, kdk hugk ]BZ
d`nialkegnke lirdkskrnke l`dkeg pinirhkke.
Nktigbr`sks` aialir` obrakt cil`f nfusus uetun sit`kp hie`s prbsidur. Kmuke fkrus
sisuk`
sisuk` prbsidu
prbsidurr pieguh
pieguh`ke
`ke,, sipirt
sipirt`` suktu
suktu stkedkr
stkedkr nkc`lr
nkc`lrks`
ks` kckt fkrus
fkrus sisuk`
sisuk` diegke
diegke prbsidu
prbsidurr
nkc`lrks`.
nkc`lrks`. Ziegnktigb
Ziegnktigbr`sks`ke
r`sks`ke a`e`akc airup
airupknke
knke suktu kckt pie`ck`ke
pie`ck`ke nilirfks`cke
nilirfks`cke a`e`akc
a`e`akc

nkrykwke.
9.= Zinirhkke
Zinirhkke kpk T`dkn Aiaircunke ]BZ
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 4= dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Kpkn
Kpknkf
kf d`pi
d`pircu
rcunk
nke
e ]BZ
]BZ ue
uetu
tun
n "Aie
"Aiegb
gbpi
pirk
rks`n
s`nke
ke nk
nkcn
cnuc
uckt
ktbr
br,"
," "Aie
"Aiegb
gbpi
pirks
rks`n
`nke
ke
t`alkegke
t`alkegke,"
," "Aiegbpirks
"Aiegbpirks`nke
`nke pialuktke
pialuktke a`euake
a`euake nbp`,"
nbp`," "Aiegbpirks
"Aiegbpirks`nke
`nke ais`e obtbmbpy2
obtbmbpy2
N`
N`tk
tk sipkn
sipknkt
kt t`dk
t`dkn
n aiai
aiairc
rcun
unke
ke ]BZ,
]BZ, kcksk
kckskee
eeyk
yk,, d`
d`ke
ketk
tkrk
rkey
eykk nk
nkrie
riekk t`dk
t`dkn
n aiey
aieyil
ilkl
klnk
nke
e
ni
niru
ruskn
sknke
ke ktku
ktku ni
nimi
mick
cknk
nkke
ke li
liskr
skr,, t`dk
t`dkn
n aiai
aiairc
rcun
unke
ke tk
tkeg
eggu
gueg
eg hk
hkwk
wkl
l dk
dke
e kn
knue
uetk
tkl`
l`c`
c`tk
tks,
s,

pinirhkkeeyk t`dkn rua`t.

Nkpke pieuc`ske ]BZ stbp2 Nbes`sties` bpirks` aist` d`hka`e pkdk siauk knt`v`tks,
d`kegg
d`keggkp
kp ckegsu
ckegsueg
eg aiapue
aiapueyk`
yk` ioin pkdk prbdun
prbdun.. Kpkl`c
Kpkl`ckk knt`v`
knt`v`tks
tks tkap`c
tkap`c t`dkn
t`dkn nbes`st
nbes`stie,
ie,
lirioin pkdk nisickaktke prbdun, piekap`cke nirhk, dke nukc`tksnirhk2 ]it`kp nit`dknsituhuke
keggbtk pkdk prbsidur fkrus d`mkmkt pialukt ]BZ.
9.4 ]ilirkpk Ditk`c ]BZ ykeg Munup
T`egnkt
T`egnkt ditk`c suktu prbsidur
prbsidur aiapueyk`
aiapueyk` ioin ckegsueg
ckegsueg diegke t`egnkt
t`egnkt nimknkpke
nimknkpke
tkap`c
tkap`cke
ke nkrykw
nkrykwke
ke ykeg
ykeg aiegir
aiegirhkn
hknke.
ke. T`dkn
T`dkn kdk kturke
kturke tietke
tietkeg
g t`egnk
t`egnktt ditk`c
ditk`c suktu
suktu ]BZ.
]BZ.
Zrbsid
Zrbsidur
ur aist`
aist` d`tuc`
d`tuc`snk
snke
e diegke
diegke nb
nbaue
aue`nk
`nks`
s` ioint`o
ioint`o kgkr
kgkr nkrykw
nkrykwke
ke audkf
audkf aiakfk
aiakfka`e
a`eyk.
yk.

Zie`c`fke "kpk aktir`eyk" dke "kpk t`dkn aktir`eyk" dkcka suktu prbsis d`pircunke skkt aiegurk`
prbsidur. Zieuc`s aist` ykn`e s`ge`o`nkes` dkr` ckegnkf-ckegnkf
ckegnkf-ckegnkf prbsis dke piegiedkc`ke nirhk.
L`ck kdk ]BZ lir`s` lilirkpk
lilirkpk ditk`c ykeg t`dkn piet`eg,
piet`eg, fiedknckf
fiedknckf d`pirtkeykn
d`pirtkeyknke
ke dke
d`lukeg ckegnkf-ckegnkf `tu, sikedk`eyk `e` t`dkn d`lukeg ckegsueg, d`hust`o`nks` ]BZ silkgk`
su
sukt
ktu
u prbsi
rbsid
dur ykeg
keg aie
iey
y`ap
`apke
keg
g, nihk
nihkd
d`ke
`ke `e
`e`` d`
d`p
pir
irt`
t`a
alkeg
lkegnk
nke
e dk
dke
e d`ckp
`ckpbr
brn
nke
piey`apkegkeeyk. ]it`kp prbsidur d`lktks` bcif prbsis niedkc` dke ioint`v`tks pieguh`ke nr`tir`k
nirhk, sipirt` huackf prbdun ykeg dkpkt d`nirhknke dkcka wkntu tirtietu.

9.9 ]BZ Airupknke Zrbdun Funua

]BZ
]BZ fkrus
fkrus d`ykn`
d`ykn`e`
e` silkgk`
silkgk` pirsitu
pirsituhuk
huke
e ykeg
ykeg d`lukt
d`lukt cialkg
cialkgkk piair`
piair`etk
etkfke
fke dkcka
dkcka
Kturke, ]urkt niputuske, Aiab ykeg simkrk hur`d`s sykf. Diegke nktk ck`e suktu ]BZ ykeg
hiedkn d`pknk` fkrus tirc`l`f ducu d`lukt ]neyk. @e` piet`eg, nkriek ]BZ airupknke suktu prbdun
funua,
funua, ktku
ktku pkc`eg
pkc`eg t`dkn
t`dkn airupk
airupknke
nke Hune`s
Hune`s dkcka
dkcka `etire
`etirekc
kc cialkg
cialkgkk tirsilu
tirsilut.
t. Zieg`e
Zieg`egnk
gnkrke
rke
tirfkdkp
tirfkdkp ]BZ dkpkt airupknke
airupknke pickeggkrke
pickeggkrke funua
funua dke dkpkt d`tuetut
d`tuetut simkrk funua, uetun
aie`
aie`ck
ck`` pieg
pieg`e
`egn
gnkr
krke
ke pirc
pircu
u aieu
aieusu
sur`
r` ktku
ktku aieg
aieg`d
`die
iet`
t`o`
o`nk
nks`
s` pi
pick
ckns
nske
kekk
kke
e ]BZ
]BZ dk
dke
e
pialunt`keeyk, uapkakeyk8 sibrkeg Zbc`s` ditksiaie 66 aieialkn akt` sibrkeg tirbr`s, tkepk
kdk pir`egktke
pir`egktke,, `e` airupknke
airupknke niskckfke prbsidur, Zbc`s` dkpkt d`tuetut
d`tuetut simkrk funua>
funua> ]ibrkeg
]ibrkeg
pigkwk` aieggueknke stiapic nketbr, tkepk kdk pialir`tkfuke ktku pkrko dkr` nksulkg,
airupknke pickeggkrke prbsidur> ]ibrkeg akfks`swk r`sit aicknskeknke piegkal`cke dktk tkepk
pirsituhuke pial`al`eg snr`ps`, hugk airupknke pickeggkrke
pickeggkrke prbsidur, dke dkpkt d`lir` skens`.
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 44 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

9.? Lunke ]pis`o`nks` Dkcka ]BZ

]uktu ]BZ airupknke
airupknke stked
stkedkrd
krd dke kppc`nklic
kppc`nklic uetun lirakmka
lirakmka nbetins
nbetins pirnirhkke,
pirnirhkke,
nkriek prbsidur t`dkn lirulkf, wkckupue spis`o`nks` lirulkf, uapkakeyk prbsidur aieyitic
pckt`ek abl`c Tbybtk spim 4 NF skak diegke 9 NF wkckupue spimeyk lirlidk. Zrbsidur

lkgk`akekpue aist` lir`s`nke spis`o`nks`, nitirlktkske, suktu prbsis. Ziegiedkc`ke ]BZ dkpkt
aiapueyk` e`ck` pbs`t`o akupue eigkt`o, dke piegiedkc`ke dkpkt d`cknunke aickcu` nkrtu `s`ke,
tklic/lbrkeg, nkc`lrks`, abe`tbr`eg, ivkcuks`.
9.? ]`kpk ]iaist`eyk Aieuc`s ]BZ
]ibrkeg ktku nicbapbn pialukt ]BZ fiedknckf aiapueyk` t`egnkt piegitkfuke cil`f
knurkt
knurkt dke pirekf
pirekf aiegkc
aiegkcka`
ka` pirnir
pirnirhkk
hkke
e tirsil
tirsilut.
ut. ]ikedk
]ikedk`ey
`eykk Zialuk
Zialuktt ]BZ dinkt
dinkt diegke
diegke
pinirhkke, urk`ke prbsidur knke cil`f nbaue`nkt`o, io`s`ie, ioint`o dke sisuk` diegke nilutufke
nirhk. Lkeykn prbsidur t`dkn d`rkemkeg dke t`dkn d`nialkegnke simkrk knurkt dke `ca`kf. Aitbdi
pieguh`ke dkpkt d`pknk` ketkrk ck`e, aitbdi stkedkrd @]B> dke dkr` lilirkpk bpirks` stkedkr @]B

dkpkt d`pknk` dkcka pialuktke ]BZ.

DKOTK\ ZY]TKNK

L`cidt, Ig`c, Nfuakr, Ydky, Mbed`t`be Abe`tbr`eg bo fydrkuc`m ]ystia be Cbkd Fkuc Duap
Akmf`ei
Akmf `eis,
s, Mbed`t
Mbed`t`be
`be Abe`tb
Abe`tbr`e
r`eg
g 0;, Id`tid
Id`tid ly Airv`e
Airv`e F. Hbeis,
Hbeis, Zieir`dgi Zriss
]wkesik,, YN, ;00;.
]wkesik
M. _. Di ]k`e ked M._. ]uttbe, Dbmuaietkt`be prkmt`mis8 K Mbapciti Gu`di tb Dbmuaiet
M. _. Di ]k`e ]k`e,, Dbmu
Dbmuaiaiet
etkt
kt`b
`be
e Lks`
Lks`ms
ms Tfkt
Tfkt supp
suppbr
brtt Gbbd
Gbbd Akeuo
Akeuokm
kmtu
tur`
r`eg
eg Zrkmt
Zrkmt`m
`mis
is
(Kdvkestkr Mbaaue`mkt`bes, Mcivicked, BF, ;00=).
M. _. ]uttbe ked M._. Di ]k`e, Aiit`eg GAZ ked @]B 0::; Ixpimtkt`bes obr Zrbdumt
Nkrrks`n, @, H, Mkrtir, \, Mietr`ougkc Zuap, ]icimt`be Bpirkt`be ked Ak`etiekemi AmGrkw
F`cc Lbbn Mbapkey, Tbrbetb.
Divicbpaiet ked Akekgiaiet obr GAZ ked @]B 0::: Mbapc`ket @edustr`is (Kdvkestkr
Mbaaue`mkt`bes, Mcivicked, BF, ;00?). <4 — 9

Cked
Ckedsd
sdbw
bwe,
Or
Or`m e,be,K,
`mt`
t`be \,lr`m
, Culr
Cu ]icimt`be
]icimt
`mkt
kt`b`be
`be
e kedbod Culr`mket
ke Culr
Wi`mket
Wikr , @edustr`kc
kr,, Id`t
Id id ly Tr`lbcbgy,
`tid A.F.
A.F.,, Hb Tfi
Hbei
eis, Zrkmt`mkc
s, D. ]m
]mbt t,Kspimt
btt, Icsi
Icsi`vbo
`vir
ir
]m`iet`o`mZulc`sf`eg Mbakpkey, Kastirdka, ;00;.
Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk
piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 49 dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6
 Abduc Zialickhkrke L
Lirlks`s
irlks`s Nbapities` Nbdi Abduc
]intbr Cbgka Ais`e CBG.BB:7.::;.::

Cked
Ckedsd
sdbw
bwe,e, K, \, ]icimt
]icimt`be
`be bo Culr`mket
Culr`mket, @edustr`kc Tr`lbcbgy, Tfi Zrkmt`mkc Kspimt bo
Or`mt`be, Culr`mkt`be ked Wikr, Id`tid ly A.F. Hbeis, D. ]mbtt, Icsi`vir ]m`iet`o`m
Zulc`sf`eg Mbapkey, Kastirdka, ;00;.

Eikc, A`mfkic, K. Gu`di tb tfi Mbed`t`be bo Akmf`eiry, Zripkrid obr Dipkrtiaiet bo

@edustry, Okrefka, ]urriy, ;070.

Zicuaks dke Zicuakske, @edustr`kc

@edustr`kc Trk`e`eg
Trk`e`eg ]irv`mi,
]irv`mi, Zbc`tine`n
Zbc`tine`n Akeuokntur
Akeuokntur Lkedueg,
Lkedueg,
@est`tut Tinebcbg` Lkedueg.

\`ci
\`ciy,
y, E, F, Ake,
Ake, A,D,
A,D, Tfr Tfr \bci
\bci bo Tfi
Tfi Culr
Culr`m
`mke
kett ks k Mbed
Mbed`t
`t`b
`be
e Abe`
Abe`tb
tbr`e
r`eg
g Tbbc
Tbbc,,
Culr`mket ]pim`kc`st, Mietury.

]uckrsb, Fkrub Tkfkrk,

Tkfkrk, Zbapk dke Nbaprisbr, Zia`c`fke, Ziaknk`ke dke Ziaic`fkrkke,
Zrkdeyk Zkrka`tk, Hknkrtk, <:::.

Huduc Abduc Aicknunke piaic`fk

piaic`fkrkke
rkke ais`e dke pirkcktke
pirkcktke
(Bpirkt`bekc ak`etiekemi bo akmf`eis/iqu`paiet ) Fkckake8 4? dkr` 4?
Lunu Abduc _irs`8 <:;6