;o;tsh

gzikph ftnkeoB
s/
fbyD-ebk
(IX-X iwksK bJh)

b/yek

vkH irihs e"o

n?wHJ/H, gh-n?uHvhH
n?;';hJ/N gq'c?;o
bePwh pkJh ekbi
fdZbh :{Bhtof;Nh, fdZbh

;zgkdek

vkH fJzdogqhs e"o

n?wHJ/H, n?wHfcbH, gh-n?uHvhH
r[o{ jfofeqPB gpfbe ;e{b
fsbe Bro, BthA fdZbh

fBT{ ;o;tsh jkT{; (fJzvhnk) gqkHfbH

BthA fd~bh–110002 (fJzvhnk)
Second Floor, MGM Tower, 19 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 (India)
Phone : +91-11-43556600
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Revised edition 2018

ISBN: 978-93-5272-386-7

Published by: New Saraswati House (India) Pvt. Ltd.

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© Reserved with the Publishers

All rights reserved under the Copyright Act. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
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Printed at: Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., Sahibabad (Uttar Pradesh)

Product Code: NSS3PJV094PUNAC17CBN

This book is meant for educational and learning purposes. The author(s) of the book has/have
taken all reasonable care to ensure that the contents of the book do not violate any copyright
or other intellectual property rights of any person in any manner whatsoever. In the event the
author(s) has/have been unable to track any source and if any copyright has been inadvertently
infringed, please notify the publisher in writing for any corrective action.
 G{fwek
‘;o;tsh gzikph ftnkeoB s/ fbyD^ebk’ dk fJj BtK ;z;eoB s[jkv/ j~EK ft~u j?. fJj ftjkoe
ftnkeoB dk ;zebB j?, fJ; bJh gfjbK dh soQK jo gkm d/ nzs ft~u nfGnk; ekoi fd~sk frnk j?. fJ;
Bt/A ;z;eoB dh \k; ftP/Psk fJj j? fe fJj Bt/A gkmeqw d/ nXko s/ fsnko ehsk frnk j?. jo gkm Bkb
;zpzXs gqPBK d/ T[ZsoK dk nfGnk; pj[ftebgh gqPBK d/ t~y^t~y YzrK Bkb eoB ƒ fd~sk frnk j?. gzikph
GkPk pko/ w{b frnkB d/D bJh e{M gkm tXkJ/ th rJ/ jB s/ spdhbhnK th ehshnK rJhnK jB. w?ƒ g{ok
ftPtk; j? fe fJj g[;se ftfdnkoEhnK ƒ gkmeqw d/ ftnkeoB Gkr Bkb ;zpzXs jo gqPB dk T[Zso d/D
d/ :'r pDkT[D ft~u ;jkJh j't/rh.

B"thA–d;thA iwks d/ ftfdnkoEh dk fdwkrh ;so fJzBk gqg~e j' u[~ek j[zdk j? fe T[; nzdo
;jh–rbs, P[~X–nP[~X ikDB dh ;'Mh g?dk j' u[~eh j[zdh j? ns/ T[j f;oiDkswe ekoiK ft~u th
o[uh b?D b~r g?Adk j?. T[; dh fJ; b'V ƒ th g{ok eoB ft~u fJj g[;se g{oh soQK ;wo~E j?. n;b
ft~u ftfdnkoEh e'b efjD ƒ sK pj[s e[M j[zdk j?, go T[j fJj BjhA ikDdk fe T[j fet/A ej/<
Y[~et/A PpdK dh u'D, tkeK ft~u T[; dh tos'A, ftnkeoBe s"o ’s/ ofj rJhnK T[; ftubhnK ewhnK dh
goy eoB dk frnkB fJj g[;se ;fji/ jh d/ d/Adh j?.

nzs ft~u w?A fJj d~;Dk ukjKrh fe fJ; g[;se ft~u gqufbs Ppd–i'VK d/ fB:wK ƒ fXnkB ft~u
o~fynk frnk j?. Ppd–ouBk d/ nXhB e[M fJj' fij/ PpdK ƒ th tofsnk frnk j? i' BthnK b'VK nB[;ko
d{ihnK GkPktK ft~u'A bJ/ rJ/ jB.fJj g[;se B"thA–d;thA iwks d/ ftnkeoB d/ f;b/p; ƒ w[~y o~y e/ fbyh
rJh j?, fJ; bJh fJj ftfdnkoEhnK dhnK b'VK ƒ g{ok eoB ft~u ;jkJh j't/rh.

b/yek
vkH irihs e"o

(iii)
 gkmeqw (CBSE)
iwks B"thA (Class IX)
;bkBk gohfynk

1. gVQB e"Pb (Reading Skills) 15

1. nDfv~mk g?ok (tkose) 200-250 PpdK ft~u 9
gzi S'N/ gqPB (2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 1) fJ~e nze f;ob/y bJh
2. nDfvmh ekft N[eVh Bkb ;zpzfXs (fszB gqPB) (3×2=6)
2. ftnkeoB (pj[ftebgh ns/ S'N/ gqPB) (Grammar) 15
1. fto'Xh Ppd (pj[ftebgh) 3
2. fbzr (pj[ftebgh) 3
3. Ppd P[~Xh (tke o{g ft~u) 3
4. ft;fwe (G/dK dh gfoGkPk ;w/s) 3
5. w[jkto/ (T s'A j s~e) 3
3. gqGktPkbh fbyD e"Pb (Effective Writing Skills) 25
1. b/y^ouBk (ftuko gqdkB ns/ nkw ftP/) 200 Ppd 10
2. g~so^ouBk (fBih$dcsoh) 8
3. fu~so (c'N') $s;tho (fdqP) d/ nkXko s/ toBD (50 PpdK ft~u) 7

iwks d;thA (Class X)

;bkBk gohfynk

1. gVQB e"Pb (Reading Skills) 15

1. nDfv~mk g?ok (tkose) 200-250 PpdK ft~u 9
gzi S'N/ gqPB (2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 1) fJ~e nze f;ob/y bJh
2. nDfvmh ekft N[eVh Bkb ;zpzfXs (fszB gqPB) (3×2=6)
2. ftnkeoB (pj[ftebgh ns/ S'N/ gqPB) (Grammar) 15
1. ;wk;h Ppd (pj[ftebgh) 2
2. pj[nkoEe (pj[ftebgh) 3
3. ft;okw fuzBQ 3
4. w[jkto/ (e s'A M s~e) 3
5. nr/so^fgS/so 4
3. gqGktPkbh fbyD e"Pb (Effective Writing Skills) 25
1. b/y^ouBk (ftuko gqdkB ns/ nkw ftP/) 200 Ppd 10
2. g~so^ouBk (fBih$dcsoh) 8
3. fJPfsjko iK s;tho d/ nXko s/ toDB (50 PpdK ft~u) 7
(iv)
 w~[Ybh pDso (e[~b nze 80 ) (ngq?b 2017 s'A wkou 2018)
eqw gqPBK dhnK fe;wK f;~yD f;ykT[D dh S'N/ gqPB S'N/ bzw/ gqPB nze %

BzH w[bKeD ftXh$e'Pb 1 nze gqPB 4, 5, 7,

2 nze 8, 12 nze
1. :kd o~yD:'r * ;[DB, p'bD, 4 (1) 6 (2) 1 (5) 21 26.25%

(gkm g[;seK s/ gVQB, fbyD e"Pb

nXkos) * soe nXkos
* ftPb/PDkswe
e"Pb
2. ;wM^;{M nXkos 1 (1) 7 (2) — 15 18.75%

(frnkB (S'N/ T[Zso

p'X^nDfv~mk tkb/)
g?oQk^noE ns/
;wMD Pesh ;fjs.
3. ftjkoe 6 (pj[^ — 1 (8) 23 28.75%

(ftjkoe frnkB d/ ftebgh)

Bt/A f;XKs) nB[wkBs 9 (S'N/
fe;wK T[Zso tkb/
gqPB)
4. T[Zu g~Xoh ftuko$;'u — — 1 (4) 04 5%
e"Pb (HOTS)
(ftPb/PD ns/
w[bkeD)
5. f;oiDkswe — — 1 (10) 17 21.75%

(;fEsh iK ftuko 1 (7)

dh goy bJh
ouBkswe w[bKeD)
nB[wkBs fe;wK

e[b nze 20 (1) 26 (2) 4 (1) 80 100%

5 (1)
7 (1)
8 (1)
10 (1)

(v)
 gkmeqw (ICSE)
fJ~e gqPB–g~so 80 nzeK dk j't/rk, fi; dk ;wK 3 xzN/ j't/rk. 20 nze nKsfoe w[bzeD d/ j'Dr/.
gqPB–g~so d/ d' Gkr j'Dr/—Gkr T ns/ Gkr n
Gkr T L GkPk......................................................................................................................40 nze
Gkr n L gkm g[;seK T[Zs/ nXkfos gqPB ..........................................................................40 nze

Gkr T L GkPk
fJ; Gkr ft~u uko gqPB j'Dr/ ns/ ;ko/ gqPB eoB/ Io{oh jB.
1. ouBk L gohfynkoEh ƒ nkgDh GkPk iK P?bh ft~u fJ~e ouBk eoBh j't/rh fi; dk ftPk ;zy/g ftnkfynk,
fBod/PB, toBDkswe iK fposKse j' ;edk j?. ftfPnK d/ y/so ft~u u'D j't/rh, fGzBsk j't/rh ns/ i'
GkPk, fu~so iK t;s{ go;skfts j' ;edh j?. 15
2. g~so L d' ftfPnK ft~u'A fe;/ fJ~e ftP/ T[Zs/ gohfynkoEh ƒ fJ~e g~so fbyDk j't/rk fi; ft~u ;[Mkn fd~sk
ik ;edk j?. g~so dk ykek iK o{go/yk ;fjs gsk, G{fwek, nzs nkfd d/ Bkb w[bzeD d/ nze fBoXkos
j'Dr/. 7
3. p'X iK frnkB$;wML brGr 250 PpdK dk nDfv~mk g?ok fd~sk ikt/rk. fJ; nDfv~m/ g?o/ T[Zgo nXkfos
gqPB g[~S/ ikDr/ i' gohfynkoEh dh ftP/ ƒ ;wMD dh ;wo~Ek dk fBohyD eoB bJh j'Dr/. 10
4. ftnkeoB L fJ; d/ nzsors GkPk, Ppdktbh, tke–ftT[As ns/ w[jkto/, tke–ouBk ft~u w/b $ ;zPb/PD, fd~s/
rJ/ PpdK iK o{gK dh P~[X GkPk ft~u tke–ouBk. fJ; gqPB ft~u ftnkeofBe gfoGkPk dh Io{os BjhA
j't/rh. (fJ; gqPB ft~u f;XKse ftnkeoB dh Io{os BjhA j't/rh)     8

SYLLABUS
There will be one paper of three hours duration carrying 80 marks and Internal Assessment
of 20 marks.
The paper will be divided into two sections, Section A and Section B.
Section A : Language...........................................................................................................40 Marks
Section B : Prescribed Texts...............................................................................................40 Marks
SECTION A : LANGUAGE 40 Marks
This section will consist of four questions, all of which will be compulsory.
1. Composition :  Candidates will be required to write one composition, in the language, which may
include short explanations, directions, descriptions or narratives. There will be a choice of subjects,
which will be varied and may be suggested by language or other stimuli such as pictures and
objects. 15
2. Letter :  Candidates will be required to write a letter from a choice of two subjects. Suggestions
may be given. The layout of the letter with address, introduction, conclusion etc., will form part of
the assessment. 7
3. Comprehension :  An unseen passage of about 250 words will be given in the language. Questions on
the passage will be set for answers in the language, designed to test the candidates’ understanding
of the content of the passage. 10
4. Grammar :  This will consist of tests in the use of language vocabulary, syntax and idioms, synthesis
in sentence construction, formation of sentences in the language correctly embodying given words
or forms. The question will not require any knowledge of grammatical terms. 8

(vi)
 ftPk-;{uh
Gkr-I (ftnkeoB)
1. GkPk ns/ gzikph GkPk ................................................................................................................11–16
2. ftnkeoB .................................................................................................................................17–19
3. toB–p'X ..................................................................................................................................20–25
4. gzikph Ppd^i'VK d/ fB:w.........................................................................................................26–34
5. Ppd–p'X.....................................................................................................................................35–38
6. Ppd–ouBk (;wk;h Ppd)........................................................................................................39–44
7. T[sgzB Ppd^nr/so s/ fgS/so.................................................................................................45–53
8. Ppd–T[sgsh d/ j'o Yzr$sohe/
(fefonk s'A Gkt^tkue BKt, BKt s'A ftP/PD, fefonk s'A ftP/PD) .....................................54–61
9. noE–p'X d/ nXko ’s/ Ppd–ouBk
(;wkBkoEe Ppd, fto'Xh Ppd, pj[noEe Ppd) ................................................................62–90
10. ftnkeoBe tor dh fdqPNh s'A Ppd tzv .................................................................................91–92
11. BKt ns/ BKt dk o{gKso (fbzr, tuB, ekoe) ....................................................................93–113
12. gVBKt.....................................................................................................................................114–117
13. ftP/PD.....................................................................................................................................118–123
14. fefonk (tku, ekodzse, ekb)............................................................................................124–135
15. fefonk–ftP/PD.....................................................................................................................136–140
16. ;zpzXe......................................................................................................................................141–144
17. :'ie........................................................................................................................................145–149
18. ft;we....................................................................................................................................150–152
19. gkoNhebI$fBgks.................................................................................................................153–154
20. gd–tzv ................................................................................................................................155–162
21. tke–p'X (tke–ouBk ns/ tke–P[~Xh) ................................................................................163–176
22. tke dhnK fe;wK ns/ tke–tNKdok .................................................................................177–189
23. ft;okw–fuzBQ .......................................................................................................................190–197
24. w[jkto/ ..................................................................................................................................198–215
25. nykD ....................................................................................................................................216–234
(vii)
 Gkr-II (fbyD-ebk)
26. nDfv~mk g?oQk .........................................................................................................................236–246
27. nDfv~mh ekft^N[eVh ...........................................................................................................247–257
28. fu~mh–g~so ouBk ..................................................................................................................258–281
29. b/y–ouBk ...............................................................................................................................282–326
1. r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih................................ 283-284 21. ;kvhnK ;wkie p[okJhnK..................... 302-303

2. Bktbeko BkBe f;zx............................ 284-285 22. wfjzrkJh dh ;w~f;nk........................... 303-304

3. r[o{ noiB d/t......................................285-286 23. fGqPNkuko.......................................... 304-305

4. wjkswk rKXh....................................... 286-287 24. fJ~ehthA ;dh dk wB[~y........................... 305-306

5. wjkokik oDihs f;zx........................... 287-288 25. fJzNoB?N dk wj~st.............................. 306-307

6. Pjhd Grs f;zx................................... 288-289 26. ihtB ft~un\pko dk wj~st................. 307-308

7. oftzdo BkE N?r'o................................. 289-290 27. p~funK d/ wK^pkg gqsh coI............... 308-309

8. fPt e[wko pNkbth............................... 290-291 28. nkdsK S~vDk nk;kB BjhA........................... 309

9. ;wki ;/tek—wdo N?o/;k...................... 291-292 29. pus dk wj~st........................................... 310

10. Grs oftdk;....................................... 292-293 30. gzikph b'e^rhs................................. 311-312

11. w?A s/ w/oh fJ~Sk............................................ 293 31. B"itkB ghVQh s/ BfPnK dh tos'A.......... 312-313

12. ftfdnkoEh s/ c?PB..................................... 294 32. j~;Dk Io{oh j?................................... 313-314

13. ihtB s/ y/vK............................................... 295 33. r[bkwh.............................................. 314-315

14. w/o/ ihtB dk T[d/P................................295-296 34. ;w/A dh wj~ssk.................................. 315-316

15. ftfdnk ftukoh sK goT[gekoh...............296-297 35. ;kfjs ns/ ;wki............................... 316-317

16. ni'eh gohfynk gqDkbh.........................297-298 36. ;zrs dh ozrs...................................... 317-318

17. uzr/ ftfdnkoEh d/ r[D................................. 299 37. B?fsesk dk gsB L d/P dk gsB.............. 318-319

18. g[;seK ;G s'A uzrk ;kEh.............................. 300 38. fe;ws ns/ T[Zdw............................... 319-320

19. fwms[ BhthA BkBek r[D uzfrnkJhnK ss[..300-301 39. wBgoukt/ d/ nkX[fBe ;kXB.................. 320-321

20. wfB ihs? ir[ ihs.................................301-302 40. Gkos d/P n~r/ BthnK u[Ds
" hnK..................321-322

30. fuZso$s;tho$fdqP toBD ....................................................................................................327–342

31. fJPfsjko$ftfrnkgB ...........................................................................................................343–348

(viii)
 Gkr–I
ftnkeoB
1. GkPk s/ gzikph GkPk
2. ftnkeoB
3. toB–p'X
4. gzikph Ppd^i'VK d/ fB:w
5. Ppd^p'X
6. Ppd^ouBk (;wk;h Ppd)
7. T[sgzB PpdL nr/so^fgS/so
8. Ppd^T[sgsh s/ j'o Yzr$sohe/ (fefonk s'A BKt, BKt s' ftP/PD, fefonk s'A ftP/PD)
9. noE^p'X d/ nXko s/ Ppd^ouBk (;wkBkoEe Ppd, fto'Xh Ppd, pj[noEe Ppd)
10. ftnkeofBe tor dh fdqPNh s'A Ppd tzv
11. BKt ns/ BKt dk o{gKsoB (fbzr, tuB, ekoe)
12. gVBKt
13. ftP/PD
14. fefonk (tku, ekodzse, ekb)
15. fefonk^ftP/PD
16. ;zpzXe
17. :'ie
18. ft;we
19. gkoNhebI
20. gd–tzv
21. tke–p'X (tke–ouBk ns/ tke P[~Xh)
22. tke dhnK fe;wK ns/ tke tNKdok
23. ft;okw–fuzBQ
24. w[jkto/
25. nykD

(ix)
 1 GkPk s/ gzikph GkPk
GkPk
;wki ft~u wB[~y dk wB[~y Bkb ;zpzX pDkT[D ns/ i'Vh o~yD bJh GkPk ;zuko dk fJ~e ;kXB j?. ;zuko d/
j'o th eJh ;kXB jB fit/AL wB[~y fu~so pDk e/, fJPkfonK Bkb, w{osh ebk s/ ;zrhs ebk. go, GkPk
;zuko dk PeshPkbh ;kXB j?. fJj fJ~e ;wkfie eow j?. fJ; s'A fpBK ihtB nX{ok j?.GkPk d[nkok jh
t~y^t~y ftfPnK$y/soK dk nfXn?B ehsk iKdk j? ns/ nkgD/ ftukoK ƒ d{finK s~e gj[zukfJnk iKdk j?.
frnkB^ftfrnkB dh ;zGkb ns/ T[; dk b?D^d/D th GkPk okjhA jh ;zGt j' ;fenk j?. n~i d/ ftfrnkBe
i[~r ft~u o/vhU, N?bhc'B, N?bhftiaB, fJzNoB?N okjhA ;z;ko d/ fe;/ B[~eo ft~u ejh j'Jh r~b fwzNk^;fezNK
ft~u jh ;koh d[BhnK ft~u c?b iKdh j?.
GkPk f;fynk d/ uko g~Xo wzB/ rJ/ jBL
1. ;[DBk s/ ;wMDk
2. p'bDk
3. gVQBk
4. fbyDk
fJBQK ukoK g~XoK dk nkg; ft~u B/V/ dk ;zpzX j? ns/ fJ~e dk ekoi d{i/ T[Zs/ Bk f;o| fBoGo j? ;r'A nkg; ft~u
wdd th eodk j?.
1. ;[DBk s/ ;wMDkL g[okD/ ;w/A ft~u id'A GkPk dk ;o{g gVQB ns/ fbyD se fte;s BjhA j'fJnk ;h sK T[;
;w/A wB[~y nkgDhnK ;kohnK ;ohoe PeshnK ƒ fJ~emk eo e/ e[M p'bdk iK T[ukodk ;h. T[; d/ ;kEh T[;
ƒ ;[D e/ iK ;wM e/ e[M noE d/ fdzd/ ;B. ;[DBk ns/ ;wMDk GkPk f;fynk dk gfjbk gVkn j?. ;[DB
ns/ ;wMD dk ekoi Bkb'^Bkb ubdk j?. S'N/ p~u/ i' e[M p'bD dk isB eod/ jB, T[BQK dh fefonk s'A fJ;
ƒ ;wfMnk ik ;edk j?.
2. p'bDkL wB~[y fJ~e ;wkfie gqkDh j?. T[j nkgD/ fBs d/ ihtB ft~u nkgD/ gfotko, nKYhnK^r[nkYhnK Bkb,
rbh^w[~jb/, d|so$ftT[gko Gkt jo EK, jo y/so ft~u nkgDh j'Ad iK ikD^gSkD, p'b^ukb okjhA ekfJw
eodk j?. jo r~b fby e/ th BjhA ehsh ik ;edh. p'bD dk ezw fbyD Bkb'A ;"yk ns/ n;odko th j?. fbyD
Bkb'A uzrk p'b e/ tX/o/ gqGkt gkfJnk ik ;edk j?. fJ~e uzrk tesk$p[bkok nkgD/ GkPD d/ ikd{ Bkb iBsk$b'eK ƒ
nkgD/ fg~S/ brk ;edk j?. f;fynk d/ y/so ft~u th p'b^ukb dk pVk wj~stg{oB ;EkB j?. p~u/ dh GkPk^:'rsk
dk w[~Ybk g~Xo p'b^ukb jh j?. pj[s S'N/ p~funK bJh y'bQ/ rJ/ ;e{b y/v e/ iK fBo'b p'b e/ jh ezw eotkT[Ad/
jB. id'A w"fye GkPk ft~u fBg[zBsk jk;b j? iKdh j? sK fco gVQB ns/ fbyD tb brkfJnk iKdk j?.
3. gVQBkL fbysh PpdK d/ GktK ƒ ;wM b?D ƒ gVQBk nkyd/ jB. gVQBk wkBf;e fefonk d/ Bkb^Bkb ;ohoe
fefonk th j?. fJ; bJh fB~ih^p[~Xh g~Xo dk ns/ ;ohoe :'rsk dk n;o th gVQB *s/ g?Adk j?. ;ko/ p~u/ fJe'
fij/ BjhA j[zd/. fJ; bJh b'VhAd/ nfGnk; s'A pknd p~u/ ƒ gVQBk f;ykfJnk iKdk j?. xo ns/ nkb/^d[nkb/ dk
tksktoB th p~u/ dh gVQB^:'rsk s/ n;o eodk j?. gVQB o[~uhnK g?dk eoBk ;"yk ezw BjhA. f;fynk dk wB'oE
p~u/ dh Py;hns ƒ T[;koBk j?. fJ; T[;koh ft~u gVQB^o[~uhnK dk \k; j~E j?.

GkPk s/ gzikph GkPk 11

 4. fbyDkL fbyDk fJ~e ouBkswe fefonk j?. fJj gVQB Bkb'A n"yk j?. go, ;e{b gX~o *s/ fJj d't/A ezw
Bkb^Bkb jh ubd/ jB. p~uk gfjbK gVQBk f;ydk j?, T[j i' e[M gVQdk j?, Bkb^Bkb T[; ƒ fbydk j?.nkX[fBe
f;fynk^gqDkbh ftP/P o{g ft~u fbys^ouBk T[Zs/ fBoXkfos j?. gqGktPkbh fbys tkbk ftfdnkoEh jh j'Djko
wzfBnk iKdk j?. w"fye gqrNkU d/ Bkb^Bkb fbysh gqrNkU dh th pVh b'V j?. fbys^ouBk ;t?^gqrNkt/
dk ;"yk s/ T[Zsw ;kXB th j?. frnkB dk Gzvko fbys ouBktK jh ;zGkb e/ o~ydhnK jB.
GkPk dhnK fe;wK
p'b^ukb dh GkPk
GkPkJh ;w{j ft~u e/tb ;zuko d/ wkfXnw ti'A tosh iKdh GkPk ƒ p'b^ukb dh GkPk fejk iKdk j?.fJj
GkPk fe;/ ftjkoh GkPk dk nXko pDdh j?.fJ; dh tos'A xoK, pIkoK, ;fGnkukoe fJe~mK, Xkowe w/
fbnK nkfd ft~u tX/o/ ehsh iKdh j?.fJj b'e GkPk d/ pj[s B/V/ j[zdh j?.fJ; ft~u Ppdktbh dk d[jokU
th pj[s j[zdk j?.fJj ftnkeoB d/ fB:wK s'A e[M j~d s~e ;[szso j[zdh j?.

fbysh GkPk
fbysh GkPk ftnkeoB d/ fB:wK ft~u p~Mh j[azdh j?.fJ; dk g~Xo t~y^t~y gkmeK d/ g~Xo nB[;ko pdbdk
ofjzdk j?.i/eo e'Jh wB[~y nkgDh r~b fbysh GkPk okjhA ;wMkT[Dk ukj[zdk j? sK T[; ƒ nkgD/ Gkt s/
ftuko ;wMkT[D bJh gkmeK d/ g~Xo ƒ fXnkB ft~u o~y e/ Y[~et/A PpdK s/ ft;okw fuzBQK dh ;jh tos'A
eoBh g?Adh j?.

r[gs GkPk
;kok ;wki b'e ;w{jK, r[~NK nkfd ft~u tzfvnk j'fJnk j?. fJBQK ;w{jK s/ r[~NK d/ w?Apo th nkw GkPk dh
jh tos'A eod/ jB, go eJh tko fJ~e GkPkJh r[~N d/ b'e tos'A tkbh GkPk dk fJ~e fJj' fijk o{g f;oi
b?Ad/ jB, fi; ƒ d{i/ b'e BjhA ;wM ;ed/.fJj' fijh GkPk ƒ r[gs GkPk fejk iKdk j?.fJ; GkPk ƒ
;wMD$;wMkT[D tkfbnK dh frDsh pj[s x~N j[zdh j?.nkw s"o ’s/ u'o, m~r, iokfJw g/P/ d/ b'e fJ;
GkPk dh tos'A eod/ jB.c"i ft~u th r[gs GkPk dh tos'A ehsh iKdh j?.

T[gGkPk
fe;/ \k; fJbke/ dh ozrs tkbh GkPk ƒ T[gGkPk fejk iKdk j?.e'Jh fJ~e GkPk ;ko/ G{r'fbe fJbkfenK
ft~u fJ~e' fijh BjhA j[zdh.fJ; dk ekoB ;EkBK dh d{oh ns/ e[dosh o[ektNKl fit/A—o;s/ ft~u nkT[Ad/
gjkV, xD/ izrb s/ dfonk nkfd jB.fJ~e' jh fJbke/ d/ t~y^t~y fj~f;nK ft~u ofjD ekoB s/ T[BQK d/
nkg;h brksko w/b dh xkN d/ ekoB T[; fJbke/ d/ GkPkJh o{g ft~u nzso nk iKdk j?.go, j[D nkX[fBe
;w/A ft~u nktkikJh d/ ;kXBK dhnK ;j{bsK ekoB ;KM tX//o/ j' rJh j? fi; ekoB fJBQK T[gGkPktK ft~u
nzso th x~N frnk j?.go fJ; dk noE fJj BjhA fe t~y^t~y y/so dh T[gGkPk ƒ t~yoh GkPk wzB fbnk
ikt/.fJ~E'A fJj gsk brdk j? fe fJ~e GkPk dhnK eJh T[gGkPktK j[zdhnK jB ns/ T[gGkPk dk nkgDk
t~yok ftnkeoB th j[zdk j?.
Ne;kbh GkPk
GkPk ftfrnkB dh fdqPNh Bkb e'Jh th T[gGkPk tXhnk iK xNhnk BjhA j[zdh.e'Jh th T[gGkPk Ne;kbh
GkPk pDB dh ;wo~Ek o~ydh j?.Ne;kbh GkPk pDB dk w"ek iK o[~spk T[; T[gGkPk ƒ fwbdk j? fi;
y/so d/ b'e nkofEe g~y s'A so~eh eo u[~e/ j[zd/ jB.id'A e'Jh T[gGkPk Ne;kbh GkPk dk ;EkB gqkgs
eo b?Adh j? sK fJ; dh pDso ns/ fB:wK ƒ ;[u/s s"o ’s/ gofynk iKdk j? ns/ fJ; ;zpzXh ftnkeoBK
dh f;oiBk ehsh iKdh j? fi; ft~u X[Bh, o{g, noE, tke, Ppd–i'V nkfd d/ fB:w ;[u/s s"o ’s/ xV/

12 ;o;tsh gzikph ftnkeoB s/ fbyD–ebk – (IX-X)

iKd/ jB.go, fJ; dh tos'A ;wki ft~u nu/s s"o ’s/ ehsh iKdh j?.id'A fJBQK fB:wK ƒ nu/s s"o ’s/
rqfjD eo fbnk iKdk j? sK T[; Ne;kbh GkPk ƒ wkBsk gqkgs j' iKdh j?.fJ; ft~u gfotosB dh ukb
th x~N iKdh j?.
fe;/ fJ~e ;w/A ft~u ngDkJh rJh Ne;kbh GkPk bJh fJj Io{oh BjhA fe jw/Pk T[jh GkPk Ne;kbh
GkPk pDh oj/rh, ;r'A fJ; d/ o{g pdbd/ ofjzd/ jB.Gkos tzv fJ; dk T[dkjoB j?.
b'e gqtkBrh Ne;kbh GkPk dk w{b j?.fe;/ th GkPk ft~u T[gGkPktK d/ Ppd iK j'o GkPktK d/ PpdK
dh nkw tos'A T[; ;w/A s~e BjhA j' ;edh id'A s~e T[; ƒ b'e gqtkBrh BjhA fwbdh.fJ; dk T[dkjoB
ni'eh gzikph GkPk dh Ppdktbh j?, fi; ft~u T[od{, |ko;h, noph, fjzdh, nzro/Ih nkfd eJh GkPktK
d/ Ppd nkw tos/ ik oj/ jB.fJ~e soQK Bkb d{ihnK GkPktK d/ PpdK ƒ nkgD/ nzdo iIp eo b?Dk th,
‘gzikph GkPk fJ~e fte;s GkPk j?’, j'D dk b~SD j?.
;kfjse GkPk
;kfjse GkPk ft~u ;kƒ p'b^ukb ns/ fbysh GkPk d'jK soQK dh Ppdktbh fwbdh j?.go, ;kfjse GkPk
ft~u GkPk d/ fwnko dk T[u/uk fXnkB o~fynk iKdk j?.gzikph ;kfjse GkPk ft~u GkPk d/ Ne;kbh o{g
dh tos'A j[zdh j?.fJ; ƒ Bk f;o| ftnkeofBe B/wK nB[;ko ;'fXnk iKdk j? ;r'A t~y^t~y fJbkfenK d/
b/ye th nkgDhnK ouBktK ft~u GkPk d/ Ne;kbh o{g dh tos'A eod/ jB.fJ; soQK eoBk fJ; bJh th
Io{oh j? feT[Afe jo fJbke/ ft~u ;EkBe ozrs tkbh GkPk tosh iKdh j?.i/ jo fJbke/ dk b/ye nkgDh
ouBk ft~u ;EkBe ozrs tkbh GkPk tosdk j? sK d{i/ fJbke/ d/ b'e T[; b/ye dh ouBk ƒ ;jh noEK
ft~u g{oh soQK BjhA ;wM ;ed/.
gzikp d/ t~y^t~y fJbkfenK ft~u th gzikph GkPk d/ t~y^t~y fJbkekJh o{gK dh tos'A ehsh iKdh
j?.fiBQK ƒ n;hA gzikph dhnK T[gGkPktK nkyd/ jK.

Gkosh ;zftXkB ft~u wkBsk gqkgs GkPktK

Gkos ft~u pj[s ;kohnK GkPktK p'bhnK iKdhnK jB.;kv/ ;ftXkB ft~u 22 GkPktK ƒ wkBsk fd~sh rJh
j?l fJj jB—;z;feqs, fjzdh, gzikph, T[od{, pzrkbh, r[ioksh, ePwhoh, ezBV, wfbnkbw, wokmh, T[Vhnk,
skfwb, s/br{, f;zXh, n;wh, B/gkbh, e'AeDh, wBhg[oh, p'v', ;zEkbh, w?fEbh, v'roh.

wK p'bh$wks p'bh
T[j p'bh fijVh n;hA nkgDh wK s'A ns/ gfotko ft~u'A f;~yd/ jK, T[; ƒ p~u/ dh gfjbh GkPk fejk iKdk
j?.wB[~y nkgD/ ihtB ft~u eJh GkPktK f;y ;edk j?, go ;G s'A gfjbK f;yh rJh GkPk wK p'bh j[zdh j?.

okPNoh GkPk
jo d/P dh nkgDh okPNoh GkPk j[zdh j? i' ;ko/ d/P ƒ J/esk ft~u pzB e/ o~ydh j?.Gkos ft~u n~i–ebQ
d|soK, eko'pkoh ezwK, eƒBh s/ j'o ndkfonK ft~u nzro/Ih GkPk dh tos'A tX/o/ j'D b~r gJh j?, T[;
dk ekoB PkfJd ;z;ko dk ftPtheoB j'Dk j?.
gzikph GkPk
ikD^gSkDL gzikphnK dh GkPk gzikph j?. fJ; dk ;zpzX gzikp gqd/; Bkb j?. gzikp gzi dfonktK dk
gqd/; j?. ‘gzikp’ Ppd gzi + nkp s'A pfDnk j?.‘nkp’ dk noE j?^gkDh. go, fJE/ noE j?^dfonk,
Gkt gzi dfonktK dh Xosh. fJj dfonk jBL ;sb[i, fpnk;, okth, fuBkp ns/ fijbw. gzikph fJ;/
gzikp dh p'bh j?. ;zB 1947 ft~u fjzd[;skB$Gkos d' fj~f;nK ft~u tzfvnk frnkL Gkos ns/ gkfe;skB.
fJ; tzv Bkb gzikp d/ th d' fj~;/ j' rJ/, g{oph gzikp ns/ g~Swh gzikp.gfe;skB dh gzikph ƒ g~Swh

GkPk s/ gzikph GkPk 13

gzikph GkPk ns/ Gkos dh gzikph ƒ g{oph gzikph GkPk fejk iKdk j?. fJBQK d'jK GkPktK ft~u |oe j?.
d'jK dhnK fbghnK ft~u th |oe j?. Gkos ft~u p'bh ikD tkbh gzikph GkPk dh fbgh ‘r[ow[yh’ j? id'A
fe gkfe;skBh gzikph GkPk dh fbgh ‘cko;h’ j?. Gkos ft~u gzikph GkPk ƒ oki GkPk dk doik gqkgs
j? ns/ f;fynk dk ;kXB th j?. gzikph GkPk dh fbgh r[ow[yh gzikph bJh Y~[ethA j?.
gzikph GkPk dh fbgh^r[ow[yh
gzikph GkPk dh fbgh r[ow[yh j? ns/ fJj gzikph bJh Y[ethA j?.
r[ow[yh fbgh dhnK ftP/PsktK
1. fJj X[fBe fbgh j?. fJ; ft~u gzikph dhnK 35 w{b ntkIK tk;s/ 35 toB, Gkt jo tk;s/ t~yok^t~yok
fuzBQ w"i{d j?.
2. n~yo pDso ;g~PN s/ fBy/VthA j?.
3. toBwkbk dh soshp ftfrnkBe j?.
4. r[ow[yh fbgh gzikph T[ukoB dh jo b'V ƒ g{ok eodh j?. b'V g?D *s/ i/ Ppd j'o GkPktK s'A th b?D/ g?Ad/
jB sK T[BQK PpdK dhnK T[ukoB b'VK g{ohnK eoB tk;s/ fJ; e'b ;zGktBktK jBl fit/A—P s/ I nkfd.
5. r[ow[yh ft~u n~yoK dh d{joh tos'A iK n~yo d/ g?o ft~u tos'A dh wip{oh BjhA. i/ ‘j* s/ ‘o* dh tos'A
j[zdh j? sK frD/^fw~E/ PpdK ft~u .
6. n~yo^pDso s/ n~yo^neko dh fJe;kosk toBK ƒ ;[zdosk s/ ;obsk fdzdh j?.

gzikph GkPk dk fBek; s/ ftek;L

gzikph GkPk d/ y'ih ftdtkBK d/ w~s nB[;ko gzikph GkPk Gkosh nkohnk dhnK GkPktK ft~u'A jh fBebh
j? fJ; dk w{b ;'wk t?fde GkPk$t?fde ;z;feqs j? feT[Afe t/dK dh ouBk gzikp dh Xosh ’s/ jh j'Jh j?.
;z;feqs feT[Afe t?fde GkPk ;h, fJ; dk fJ~e t~NtK o{g b'e p'bh ‘gkbh’ fte;s j'fJnk. ;EkBe G/
dK ekoB eJh gqkfeosK th fit/AL ;"o;?Bh, e?eJh s/ g?;kuh th j'Ad ft~u nkJhnK fiBQK ƒ ngGzqP GkPktK
fejk frnk. fJBQK ft~u'A jh gzikph GkPk dk iBw j'fJnk.
gzikph GkPk dhnK ftP/PsktK
1. gzikph GkPk ft~u x, M, Y, G, X, V gqkgs X[BhnK j'o p'bhnK ft~u BjhA fwbdhnK.
2. gzikph GkPk dk w[jktok g[fbzr o{g tkbk j?.
3. gzikph GkPk ft~u fbzr^tuB d/ fB:wK dh fizBh ftnkge tos'A j[zdh j? UBh PkfJd jh fe;/ j'o GkPk ft~u
j[zdh j?.
4. gzikphnK d/ ;[Gkn tKr jh gzikph GkPk y[bQh^v[~bh GktBk dh wkbe j?.
5. fJ; GkPk ft~u ftnkeofBe r[zMbK x~N jB.
6. fJ; GkPk ƒ Gkosh ;zftXkB ft~u wkBsk gqkgs j? ns/ fJj okiGkPk th j?.
7. gzikph PpdK Bkb nr/so fJ~e s'A t~X BjhA nkT[Adk, go fgS/so fszB^fszB, uko^uko th nk iKd/ jB. fJ;
bJh gzikph w[~y^o{g ft~u fgS/soksfwe GkPk j?.
8. gzikph ;[okswe GkPk j?. fJ; ft~u fszB/ ;[o T[Zuh, g~Xoh s/ BhthA fwbd/ jB.

14 ;o;tsh gzikph ftnkeoB s/ fbyD–ebk – (IX-X)

 Punjabi Vyakaran Te Likhan Kala For
Class IX & X (In Punjabi)

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Publisher : New Saraswati

ISBN : 9789352723867 Author : Ranjit Kaur
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