SYLLUBUS

POWER GENERATION
Learning Outcome 1
Assessment Criteria:
LO1 Describe types, principles, components and economic factors for power
generation and transmission
 1.1 Explain the principles of ac power generation
 1.2 State and explain the methods of ac power generation
 1.3 Explain the principles of ac power transmission
 1.4 Design a solar system domestic and commercial application

Content
1.1 Explain the principles of ac power generation
 Single coil generator
 Three-phase generators
 Frequency;
 Phase displacement;
 Voltage
1.2Explain the methods of ac power generation
 Renewable (Hydro),
 Fossil fuel;
 Solar and Nuclear;
 2. State advantages and disadvantages - economic, social impact,
environmental
1.3 Explain the principles of ac power transmission
 1. explain reasons for:
 stepping up generation voltages,
 voltage drop
 power loss
 conductor
 switch gear sizes
 2. draw typical line diagram to include voltages;
 3. draw national :
 grid diagram;
 sub-stations;
 transformers
 4. state and evaluate advantages and disadvantages of national grid
 Learning Outcome 2
Assessment Criteria:
LO2 Outline various methods of distribution systems, consumer distribution
wiring systems
 2.1 describe with line diagrams distribution systems
 2.2 describe with line diagrams to show how loads are connected to
distribution systems
 2.3 state application of the distribution systems in 2.2

Contents
2.1 describe with line diagrams distribution systems
1. Radial distribution system
2. Parallel feeders distribution
3. Ring main distribution system
4. Interconnected distribution
Including control and switching systems and compare the systems.
2.2 describe with line diagrams to show how loads are connected to distribution
systems
1. Three-phase three wire
2. Three-phase four wire
3. Single-phase two wire

Learning Outcome 3
Assessment Criteria:
LO3 Describe the various distribution substation plant and equipment
 3.1 State various types of substations
 3.2 Draw line/block diagrams of an 11kV/380V substation
 3.3 Apply relevant IEE, CAS, and SAZ regulations pertaining to substation

Content:
 3.1 state various types of substations
 3.2 Draw line/block diagrams of an 11kV/380V substation showing the
following equipment:
- H. V. switch gear, isolator
- Transformer
- L.V switch gear,isolators
- Bus-bar chamber
- Distribution boards
 3.3 Apply relevant regulations (IEE, CAS, and SAZ) pertaining to substation
enclosures or buildings.
 Learning Outcome 4
Assessment Criteria:
 LO4 Describe various protection, isolation and switching equipment for
distribution systems and consumer installation
 4.1 Describe, illustrate and state advantages and disadvantages with the aid of
schematic diagrams and, wiring diagrams the operation and construction of
various switch gear
 4.2 Identify and apply relevant regulations of the above circuit protection
devices
Content:
 4.1 Describe, illustrate and state advantages and disadvantages with the aid of
schematic diagrams and, wiring diagrams the following switch gear:
 1. High voltage switch gear: ,
 air blast circuit breaker
 oil,
 Sulphur Hexa-fluoride (SF6),
 vacuum.
 2. Low voltage switchgear:
 moulded case circuit breaker,
 miniature
 circuit breaker,
 switch-fuse,
 fuse-switch,
 isolator,
 double pole switch
 3. Fuses
 Rewirable,
 Cartridge,
 High breaking capacity (HBC)

 4.2 Identify and apply relevant regulations of the above circuit protection
devices
 Learning Outcome 5
Assessment Criteria
 LO5 Outline various methods, components, and economic considerations for
consumer installation including metering and tariffs
 5.1 Describe and draw line/block diagram of consumer installation
 5.2 Describe methods of supplying power to consumer installation
 5.3 Identify and apply IEE, SAZ and CAS regulations
 5.4 Explain metering and tariffs for electrical consumers
 5.5 Carry out simple consumer installation
 5.6 Illustrate and explain the connection of power factor correction devices
Content:
 5.1 Describe, draw line/block diagram of consumer installation to
 include: - Service cable, Service MCB, Meter, Main switch, Distribution
 board indicating final circuits.
 5.2 Describe the methods of supplying power to consumer installation
 rising main (vertical supply)
 single floor (horizontal supply)
 5.3 Identify and apply IEE, SAZ and CAS regulations.
 5.4 Explain metering and tariffs for electrical consumers to include :
 domestic,
 commercial
 industrial purposes: - Load limiter; - Two
 part; - Maximum demand; - Block tariff; - Off-peak; - Pre-paid
 5.5 Carry out simple consumer installation – to include components in 6.1
 5.6 Illustrate and explain the connection of power factor correction devices.
 - Bank/group capacitors
 - Synchronous motor
 - Phase advancers
 Learning Outcome 6
Assessment Criteria:
 LO6 Demonstrate and apply various methods of protection against electric
shock including earthing and earth leakage protection
 6.1 Describe methods of protection against direct and indirect contact:
 6.2 Define terms associated with earthing and give suitable example;
 6.3 Illustrate earthing arrangement and state application:
 6.4 Describe with illustration earth electrodes and voltage gradients,
 6.5 Draw the earth fault loop path.
 6.6 Describe earth leakage protection with aid of diagrams
CONTENT
6.1 Describe methods of protection against direct and indirect contact:
1. Use of barriers
2. Placing out of reach
3. Insulation, double insulation
4. Use of extra-low voltage
5. Isolation transformers
6. Earthing
6.2 Define terms associated with earthing and give suitable example;
1. Earthing
2. Exposed conductive parts
3. Extraneous conductive part
4. Bonding conductors
5. Circuit protective conductors
6. Earth electrode
7. Earth electrode resistance area
6.3 Illustrate earthing arrangement and state application:
1. TT
2. TN-C-S
3. TN-C
4. TN-S
6.4 Describe with illustration earth electrodes and voltage gradients,
1. As listed in IEE and/or SAZ Regulations (542).
2. Earth electrode resistance test
6.5 Draw the earth fault loop path and determine.
1. Loop impedance
2. Prospective shock voltage
6.6 Describe earth leakage protection with aid of diagrams
1. Residual current device.
2. Earth monitoring device.
 Learning outcome 7
Assessment Criteria:
LO7 Apply relevant IEE and/or SAZ Regulations to various types of
lamps and methods of illumination
 7.1 Define the following terms related to illumination:
 7.2 Use inverse square law and cosine law to calculate illuminance.
 7.3 Describe construction and operation of various lamps
 7.4 Identify and rectify faults on the above lamps.
 7.5 Define stroboscopic effect and describe the methods of minimizing
 7.6 Determine the number and positioning of luminaries for a given
installation.
 7.7 Apply relevant IEE and/or SAZ Regulations.
CONTENT:
7.1 Define the following terms related to illumination:
1. Light
2. Luminous flux
3. Luminous intensity
4. Illumination/illuminance
5. Glare
7.2 Use inverse square law and cosine law to calculate illuminance.
7.3 Describe construction and operation of the following lamps:
1. Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL)
2. LED’s
3. Fluorescent
4. Sodium vapor
5. Mercury vapor
7.4 Identify and rectify faults on the above lamps.
7.5 Define stroboscopic effect and describe the methods of minimizing it:
1. Lead-lag circuit
2. Mixture of discharge incandescent
3. Distribution of lamps over three phase supply.
7.6 Determine the number and positioning of luminaries for a given installation.
 Learning outcome 8
Assessment Criteria:
LO8 Understand and apply relevant I.E.E. and SAZ wiring regulations
to the various special types of electrical installations
 8.1 Identify fire hazardous areas.
 8.2 Define the following zones in fire hazardous areas:
 8.3 Describe basic fire alarm systems stating advantages, disadvantages and
applications:
 8.4 Describe the operation and application of the following emergency supply
systems:
 8.5 Describe the operation and application of emergency lighting systems
stating advantages and disadvantages of:
 8.6 Recognize the risks associated with the wiring of various special
installations:
CONTENT:
8.1 Identify fire hazardous areas.
8.2 Define the following zones in fire hazardous areas:
1. ZONE O ;ZONE 1; ZONE 2
8.3 Describe basic fire alarm systems stating advantages, disadvantages and
applications:
1. Open circuit
2. Closed circuit
8.4 Describe the operation and application of the following emergency supply
systems:
1. Generator
2. Battery
3. Uninterruptible power supply
8.5 Describe the operation and application of emergency lighting systems stating
advantages and disadvantages of:
1. Maintained
2. Non-maintained
8.6 Recognize the risks associated with the wiring of:
1. Agricultural and horticultural installation
2. Temporary installation
3. Hospital installation
4. Electric fence installations
 Paying attention to and giving remedies of:
a. Corrosion
b. Erosion
c. Fire hazards
d. Damage by flora and fauna
e. Danger to fauna and workers
 Learning outcome 9
Assessment Criteria:
LO9 Design the installation procedure of a photo-voltaic system,
9.1 Describe the construction and connection of the various PV (Photo-voltaic)
cells,
9.2 Describe the various types of PV systems its components,
advantages, and disadvantages
9.3 Describe the various types batteries used for PV system stating advantages and
disadvantages, including charging and maintenance
9.4 Perform designing of PV system,
9.5 Describe the various solar wires and cables and the installation process
9.6 Carry out a simple design and installation of solar system
CONTENT
9.1 Describe the construction and connection of the various PV
(Photo-voltaic) cells, and give advantages and disadvantages of each;
 1. Mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline
 2. series and parallel
9.2 Describe the various types of PV systems its components, advantages, and
disadvantages
 Grid-Tied system,
 Off-Grid system
 Hybrid Solar system
9.3 Describe the various types batteries used for PV system stating
 Advantages and disadvantages, including charging and maintenance
 Lead acid, nickel cadmium, lithium iron, flow batteries
9.4 Perform designing of PV system,
 Load assessment
 Determination of PV modules,( inverter, battery, solar charge
 controller, and MPPT charge controller. )
9.5 Describe the various solar wires and cables and the installation process
9.6 Carry out a simple design and installation of
 Domestic,
 Solar water pumping system
 ASSESSMENT SPECIFICATION GRID
LEARNING OUTCOME
 1. POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION 10 %
 2. DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS, CONSUMER DISTRIBUTION WIRING
SYSTEMS 10 %
 3. DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 10 %
 4. PROTECTION, ISOLATION AND SWITCHING EQUIPMENT FOR
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS AND CONSUMER INSTALLATION 10%
 5., COMPONENTS, AND ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR
CONSUMER METERING AND TARIFFS 20%
 6. PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC SHOCK INCLUDING EARTHING
AND EARTH LEAKAGE PROTECTION 10%
 7. IEE AND/OR SAZ REGULATIONS TO VARIOUS TYPES OF LAMPS AND
METHODS OF ILLUMINATION 10%
 8. I.E.E. AND SAZ WIRING REGULATIONS TO THE VARIOUS SPECIAL
TYPES OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS 10%
 9. DESIGNING AND INSTALLATION PROCEDURE OF A PHOTO
VOLTAIC SYSTEM, 10%
 TOTAL
 100%