Grammar (P2)

TOEIC HKN SĐT: 0972.154.153 (MS.
JOLIE)
Unit 3.1: PRESENT SIMPLE & PRESENT CONTINUOUS

I. FORMS:
Present Simple Present Continuous
❖ ĐT thường:
S(plural) + V0
S(singular) + V-s/es
Ex: - They work in a factory. S + am/is/are + V-ing
- She likes cats.
Khẳng Ex: - I am doing housework right now.
định ❖ ĐT “tobe”:
- It is raining now.
S + am/is/are + N/adj
- The boys are playing in the park.
Ex: - I am a student.
- He is nineteen years old.
- We are classmates.
❖ ĐT thường:
S + don’t/doesn’t + V0
Ex: - They don’t work in a factory.
- She doesn’t like cats.
S + am/is/are + not + V-ing
Phủ ❖ ĐT “tobe”:
Ex: - I’m not doing housework right now
định S + am/is/are + not + N/adj
- It isn’t raining now.
Ex: - I’m not a student. - The boys aren’t playing in the park.
- He isn’t nineteen years old.
- We aren’t classmates.
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TOEIC HKN SĐT: 0972.154.153 (MS. JOLIE)
Am/Is/Are + S + N/adj? Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing?

Ex: - Am I reading a book right now?
Nghi Do/Does + S + V-infinitive?
vấn - Is the baby still crying?
Y/N Ex: - Are you at home? - Are we cooking together at this
- Does she go to school? moment?
WH- + am/is/are + S +…?

WH- + am/is/are + S + V-ing?
Nghi WH- + do/does + S +…?
vấn
WH- Ex: - Where are you? Ex: - What is she cooking now?
- What does he do for living? - Where are they going?
II. SIGNALS:
Các trạng từ chỉ tần suất như: ❖ Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian như:
+ always; usually; frequently; often – Now: Bây giờ

+ sometimes; occasionally – Right now: Ngay bây giờ
+ seldom; rarely; never
– At the moment: Ngay lúc này
+ every (day/ week/ month/ year/…)
+ once (a week/ month/ year/…) – At present: Hiện tại
Ex: James is talking on the phone at the

Ex: - Does Emma often visit you? moment.
- I don’t know why she bought that device – she
❖ It’s + giờ cụ thể + now (It’s 12 o’clock now)
uses it once in a blue moon.
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❖ Trong câu có các động từ như: Look!

/ Watch! / Listen! / Keep silent! / Watch
out! / Look out! / …
Ex: - Look! A girl is jumping from the bridge!

- Listen! Someone is crying!
- Keep silent! The teacher is saying the
main point of the lesson!
- Watch out! The train is coming!
III. USAGE:
Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại theo thói quen Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm
hằng ngày. nói.
Ex: I always get up at 6.am. Ex: The baby is sleeping now.
Diễn tả hành động hoặc sự việc nói chung đang

Diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên. diễn ra, tuy không nhất thiết phải thực sự diễn ra
Ex: The sun sets in the West. ngay lúc nói.
Ex: She is looking for a job.
Diễn tả sự việc xảy ra theo lịch trình, thời gian Diễn tả hành động sắp xảy ra trong tương lai gần,
biểu rõ ràng. một kế hoạch đã lên lịch sẵn.
Ex: The plane takes off at 7 a.m today. Ex: Are you visiting your cousin this weekend?
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Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại gây sự khó chịu

Diễn tả suy nghĩ, cảm xúc, cảm giác. cho người nói. Ta thường dùng với trạng từ
Ex: I think she is Vietnamese. “always” hay “continually”.
Ex: Jack and Jill are always arguing.
☞ Lưu ý: Không chia thì HTTD với các động từ

chỉ tri giác, nhận thức như: be, see, hear,
feel, realize, seem, remember, forget,
understand, know, like, want, glance, smell,
love, hate, ...
🡪 Chuyển sang chia động từ ở dạng HTĐ
Ex: - I am being tired now.

⇨ I am tired now.
- He is wanting to go for a cinema at the
moment.
⇨ He wants to go for a cinema at the moment.
PRACTICE
● Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

1. Our company _________ a meeting every Monday morning.
A. hold B. holds C. is holding D. are holding
2. Look! The boy __________after the bus. He ________ to catch it.
A. run/ want B. runs/ wants C. is running/ is wanting D. is running/ wants
3. We _______ lunch together at the cafeteria now.
A. eat B. eats C. is eating D. are eating
4. I _______ a report to my manager at the moment.
A. write B. writes C. is writing D. am writing
5. How much ________ your suitcase ________ ?
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A. do/ weigh B. does/ weigh C. is/ weighing D. are/ weighing

6. Harry sometimes __________ tennis at the club.
A. play B. plays C. is playing D. are playing
7. Don't forget to take your umbrella with you to London. You know it always ______ in
England.
A. rain B. rains C. is raining D. are raining
8. The chief engineer _________ all the workers of the plant now.
A. is instructing B. are instructing C. instructs D. instruct
9. Look! Today she ___________to the workplace on foot.
A. go B. goes C. is going D. are going
10. Tim, Luke, and Rosie _______ the top three candidates of the interview.
A. am B. is C. are D. are being
11. My father usually ________a newspaper in the morning.
A. read B. reads C. is reading D. are reading
12. I can't talk on the phone now. I ___________ home.
A. drive B. drives C. am driving D. are driving
13. The brand-new iPhone 14 __________ to one of my co-workers.
A. belong B. belongs C. is belonging D. are belonging
14. We __________ our clients in an hour and nothing is ready!
A. meet B. meets C. is meeting D. are meeting
15. Mr. Smith _________ a day off once a month.
A. take B. takes C. is taking D. are taking
16. I’m sorry I can’t come. I _________ a conference tomorrow.
A. join B. joins C. joined D. am joining
17. Thomas ________ German so well because he ________ from Germany.
A. speak/ come B. speaks/ comes
C. is speaking/ is coming D. are speaking/ are coming
18. This medicine ________ a new substance.
A. contain B. contains C. is containing D. are containing
19. Our team members __________ for the upcoming presentation at present.
A. prepare B. prepares C. is preparing D. are preparing
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20. Sorry I can't help you. I _________ where she keeps her files.
A. don’t know B. doesn’t know C. isn’t knowing D. aren’t knowing
21. Jim rarely _______ any mistake in his job.
A. make B. makes C. is making D. are making
22. Quiet please! The presenter _________ instructions on how to solve the problem.
A. give B. gives C. is giving D. are giving
23. It's 7.30 now. She __________ science in the classroom.
A. study B. studies C. are studying D. is studying
24. They ________ the assignments at present. You shouldn’t disturb them.
A. complete B. completes C. are completing D. is completing
25. Why ___________ you always _________ mistakes? That’s so disappointed!
A. do/ make B. are/ making C. is/ making D. do/ making
26. – “Is this raincoat yours?”
– “No. mine ________ there behind the door.”
A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. are hanging
26. My colleagues _______ about the way I behave.
A. always complained B. always complains
C. is always complaining D. are always complaining
27. I ________ your new hat ________ nice on you.
A. think/ look B. think/ looks C. am thinking/ looking D. am thinking/ is
looking
28. There _______ a lot of people in the waiting room right now.
A. is B. are C. is being D. are being
29. What ________you________ next Saturday?
A. are/ do B. are/ doing C. is/ doing D. do/ do
30. He _________ what you mean, so please say again!
A. don’t understand B. doesn’t understand
C. isn’t understanding D. aren’t understanding
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Unit 3.2: PRESENT PERFECT & SIMPLE PAST TENSES

I. FORMS:
Present Perfect Simple Past
❖ ĐT thường:
S + have/ has + V3/-ed
S + V2/-ed
Ex: - They have worked in this company Ex: - They worked in this company last year..
since they graduated. - He bought that computer 3 months ago.
Khẳng ❖ ĐT “tobe”:
định - He has bought that computer for 3
months. S + was/ were + N/ adj
Ex: - Some companies were good at
marketing products.
- He was our manager last quarter.
❖ ĐT thường:
S + haven’t/ hasn’t + V3/-ed S + didn’t + V0

Ex: The students didn’t follow their teacher’s
instructions.
Ex: - They haven’t developed an AIDS
Phủ ❖ ĐT “tobe”:
vaccine yet.
định S + wasn’t/ weren’t + N/ adj
- Anna hasn’t gone to a museum before.
Ex: - The president wasn’t satisfied with the
sales figures last month.
- They weren’t new employees.
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❖ ĐT thường:
Did + S + V0?
Have/ Has + S + V3/-ed? Ex: Did you steal my money?
Nghi
vấn ❖ ĐT “tobe”:
Ex: - Has John done his job?
Y/N Was/ Were + S + N/ adj?
- Have you ever travelled abroad?
Ex: - Was it impossible to complete the task
in time?
- Were they new office supplies?
II. SIGNALS:
● Before: trước đây

● Ever: đã từng
● Never: chưa từng, không bao giờ
● For + quãng thời gian: trong khoảng (for
years, for a long time,..)
● Since + mốc thời gian: từ khi (since 2001,…)
● yesterday; ago
● Yet: chưa (dùng trong câu phủ định và câu
● last (night/ week/ month/ year/…)
nghi vấn)
● in + thời gian quá khứ (eg: In 2002)
● Just = Recently = Lately: gần đây, vừa mới
● Already: rồi
● So far = Until now = Up to now = Up to the
present: cho đến bây giờ
● Over the last/ past + thời gian (eg: over the
past 10 years)
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● The first/ second…time : lần đầu tiên/ thứ

hai..
● So sánh hơn nhất: the most, the last, the best,
the worst, the + adj-est (the tallest, the
biggest, …)
☞ REMEMBER: - HTHT + since + QKĐ

- How long + HTHT? = When + QKĐ?
Ex: When did you start learning English?
🡪 How long have you learnt English?
🡪 How long is it/ has it been since you learned English?
III. USAGE:
Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra ở quá khứ Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và hoàn toàn
nhưng còn kéo dài đến hiện tại và tương lai. chấm dứt ở quá khứ, không còn lưu lại một kết
quả nào cho đến hiện tại.
Ex: I have known my best friend Lisa for 7
years. Ex: I met my friend Lisa 7 years ago.
Diễn tả một chuỗi các hành động liên tiếp trong

Đề cập một hành động xảy ra nhiều lần
quá khứ.
mang tính lặp lại cho đến hiện tại.
Ex: Mary got up early, ate breakfast and went to
Ex: She has read this book several times.
school yesterday.
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Thể hiện kinh nghiệm, trải nghiệm của một

cá nhân.
Ex: This is the first time I have been to

Paris.
Dùng để thể hiện một thói quen trong quá khứ

Diễn tả một hành động nhưng không rõ thời nhưng giờ không còn như vậy nữa.
gian cụ thể làm hành động ấy.
Ex: When I was small, I used to go shopping
Ex: Peter has lost his door key. He is trying
with my mother.
to find it.
Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá

khứ nhưng kết quả, hậu quả của hành động
ấy còn lưu lại đến hiện tại.
Ex: I have run for 3 hours. I’m very tired
now.
PRACTICE
● Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.
1. Mr. Jackson _________ in this department for more than 10 years.
A. worked B. works C. has worked D. have worked
2. The Titanic _________ an iceberg in 1912.
A. hit B. hits C. have hit D. has hit
3. We _________ that problem many weeks ago.
A. discuss B. discussed C. have discussed D. has discussed
4. I ________ abroad before.
A. don’t travel B. didn’t traveled C. didn’t travel D. haven’t traveled
5. She _________ her assignment yet.
A. doesn’t finish B. didn’t finish C. haven’t finish D. hasn’t finished
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6. We don’t want to visit Nha Trang again because we _______ here 3 times this year.
A. are B. were C. has been D. have been
7. Nobody lives in this house. It __________ empty for many years.
A. is B was C. has been D. have been
8. Emily and Molly _________each other for more than 10 years.
A. know B. knew C. has known D. have known
9. Up to present, John __________ a lot to our team.
A. contributes B. contributed C. has contributed D. have contributed
10. - Peter: Last night, I __________ the latest James Bond film.
- Jenny: Oh, I__________ it twice.
A. see / already saw B. saw / have already seen
C. saw / already saw D. saw / has already seen
11. Tim Burton ___________13 films and I think his latest is the best.
A. makes B. made C. has made D. have made
12. He__________ in this town all his life.
A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. have lived
13. I ________ the package just a few minutes ago.
A. receive B. received C. has received D. have received
14. How many collections ______ your brand ______ this season?
A. does / release B. did / release C. has / released D. have / released
15. What's that lovely smell in here? – Jasmin _______ a yummy cake.
A. bakes B. baked C. has baked D. have baked
16. Our firm _________ a lot of money last quarter.
A. earns B. earned C. has earned D. have earned
17. _____________ your project yet?
A. Did you finish B. Do you finish
C. Has you finished D. Have you finished
18. Travel ________ into a huge industry in the last few decades.
A. has turned B. is turning C. turned D. have turned
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19. George is a very close friend of mine. We _________ each other for years.
A. knew B. have known C. has know D. had knew
20. The police ___________ me on my way home last night.
A. was stop B. stopped C. stops D. stopping
21. Kathy __________ for three different companies since graduating two years ago.
A. has worked B. have worked C. have been worked D. worked
22. This is the first time I _________ to Germany.
A. has ever been B. have been ever C. has been ever D. have ever been
23. You ________ for work too many times this year. If you’re not careful, you’ll be fired.
A. ‘ve been late B. ‘s been late C. ‘ve be late D. ‘s be late
24. My uncle _________ his arm while he was playing football.
A. broken B. break C. breaks D. broke
25. The film wasn’t very good. I _____________ it very much.
A. enjoyed B. wasn’t enjoy C. didn’t enjoyed D. didn’t enjoy
26. He_______ more concerned about his social status since he started working there.
A. has been becoming B. has become C. became D. will become
27. How much money ________ you _________ in the market?
A. were / spent B. did / spend C. did / spent D. were / spend
28. He had an accident two weeks ________.
A. since B. ago C. at the moment D. now
29. Mozart ___________ more than 600 pieces of music.
A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. have written
30. The window was open and a bird ___________ into the room.
A. fly B. flew C. was flew D. did fly
31. The team ________ numerous setbacks so far.
A. experienced B. have experience C. has experienced D. is experiencing
32. I ________ three books by the same author since the last month.
A. has read B. have read C. read D. reads
33. Thomas ________ for three tests this month.
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A. sat B. have sat C. has sat D. is sitting

34. We _______ David in town a few days ago.
A. did see B. was saw C. did saw D. saw
35. He ________ to France for ages.
A. has gone never B. have never gone C. has never gone D. never has gone
36. I __________ the report yet.
A. hasn’t completed B. completed
C. have already completed D. have not completed
37. I __________ a lot of money yesterday. I __________ an expensive dress.
A. spend / buy B. spent / buy
C. spent / bought D. was spent/ bought
38. Have you _________ participated in a volunteer program?
A. never B. ever C. since D. for
39. They __________ at the airport.
A. haven’t yet arrived B. haven’t already arrived
C. hasn’t yet arrived D. didn’t arrive
40. They _________ skiing since they were 15.
A. have never gone B. has gone never
C. has never gone D. have gone never
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Unit 3.3: PAST CONTINUOUS & PAST PERFECT TENSES

I. FORMS:
Past Continuous Past Perfect
S + was/ were + V-ing S + had + V3/-ed
Ex: - She was cooking dinner at 6PM

Ex: The boy had finished his homework
yesterday.
Khẳng before he went to bed last night.
định - This time last year they were living in
France.
S + wasn’t/ weren’t + V-ing S + hadn’t + V3/-ed
Ex: We hadn’t eaten anything by the time our

Ex: - You weren’t waiting in front of the
father returned.
theater when I got there.
Phủ
định - I wasn’t sleeing during the lesson last
Monday.
Was/ Were + S + V-ing? Had + S + V3/-ed?
Nghi
vấn Ex: - Was your mother going to the Ex: Had the film ended when you arrived at
Y/N supermarket at 7AM yesterday? the cinema?
- Were we making too much noise?
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II. SIGNALS:
● Until, by the time, prior to that time, before,

as soon as, by, …
● Before, after, when, by the end of + time in
the past …
Lưu ý: - QKHT + before/ by the time/ until +

QKĐ
● at + giờ + thời gian trong quá khứ (at 12
o’clock last night,…)
● at this time + thời gian trong quá khứ (at - After + QKHT, QKĐ
this time two weeks ago, …)
● at that time - No sooner + (QKHT) + than + (QKĐ)
● when / while
Ex: No sooner had Linda closed this door than

her friend knocked.
- Barely/Hardly/Scarcely + (QKHT) +
when (QKĐ)
Ex: Hardly had we gone out when it rained.
III. USAGE:

Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm trong Dùng trong trường hợp 2 hành động cùng xảy ra
quá khứ. trong quá khứ, ta dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành
cho hành động xảy ra trước và quá khứ đơn cho
hành động xảy ra sau.
Ex: My family was having dinner at 8 o’clock last
night. Ex: When I came to the party, the guests had left.
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Miêu tả hành động diễn ra liên tục trong 1 khoảng Diễn rả hành động đã xảy ra và hoàn thành trước
thời gian trong quá khứ. một thời điểm (một hành động khác) đã xảy ra
trong quá khứ.
Ex: - We had had that car for ten years before it

Ex: We were studying all day yesterday.
broke down.
- By the time Alex finished his studies,

he had been in London for over eight years.
- By the end of 2010, she had completed two

English courses.
Miêu tả hành động đang diễn ra thì có một hành động Sử dụng trong câu điều kiện loại 3 để diễn tả điều
khác chen ngang. kiện không có thực trong quá khứ.
● Hành động xảy ra trước chia quá khứ tiếp diễn Ex: If I had known that, I would have acted
● Hành động xảy ra sau chia quá khứ đơn. differently.
Ex: I was studying when the light went out.
Miêu tả hai hành động diễn ra đồng thời trong quá Dùng trong câu Ước ở quá khứ.
khứ.
Ex: John was listening to music while his mother

Ex: I lied to her. I wish I had told the truth.
was cooking in the kitchen.
Diễn tả một hành động từng lặp đi lặp lại trong quá
khứ và gây khó chịu hoặc làm phiền đến người khác.
Ex: He was always going to work late.
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PRACTICE
1. At 9AM yesterday, Daniel ________ driving to work.
A. were driving B. has driven C. was driving D. is driving
2. At this time last month, they _______ this park.
A. was building B. were building C. are building D. built
3. What _______ at 7 pm last Monday?
A. did you do B. are you doing C. were you doing D. was you doing
4. What did you watch on TV while you _________ dinner yesterday?
A. were having B. was having C. had D. had had
5. I ________ a little Spanish before I went to Mexico.
A. study B. had studied C. had study D. have studied
6. I ___________ my document before the power went out in the computer lab.
A. have save B. has saved C. had saved D. had save
7. They came back home after they ___________their work.
A. have finished B. had finished C. had finished D. had finish
8. When Jenny stayed with me, she _______.
A. were always singing B. always singing
C. always sang D. was always singing
9. My dad found some money while he _________ his suitcase.
A. packing B. package C. are packing D. was packing
10. _____ you still working at 7pm last night?
A. Were B. Are C. Was D. Is
11. As soon as I shut the front door, I realized that I ______ my key in the house.
A. left B. had left C. have left D. has left
12. What _______ when the teacher came?
A. were you doing B. was you doing C. are you doing D. are you doing
13. The man _______ his letter in the post office at that time.
A. is sending B. was sending C. sending D. was senting
14. When he arrived, we ________ the test.
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A. had already started B. have already started

C. starts D. already starting
15. ________ visited Toronto before your trip last summer?
A. Have you ever B. You had C. Had ever you D. Had you ever
16. Ruth ________ an Australian until she met John.
A. has never met B. have never met C. had never met D. never met
17. They _______ to the cinema when she met them yesterday.
A. don’t go B. wasn’t going C. weren’t going D. didn’t go
18. My grandma tried pizza for the first time while she __________ in Italy.
A. were staying B. is staying C. stayed D. was staying
19. ________ Lily still ________ at 8p.m last night?
A. Were/ working B. Did/ work C. Are / working D. Was/working
20. She said that she ____________ Mr. Lucas before.
A. have met B. met C. had met D. had meet
21. Where ____ you _____ when I saw you last weekend?
A. was/ going B. did/ go C. do/ go D. were/ going
22. Somebody threw a shoe at him _____ he was speaking.
A. after B. when C. while D. during
23. She _________ the ocean before she moved to Vancouver.
A. had never seen B. never seen C. have never seen D. had never saw
24. I was reading a detective story _________ I heard a noise.
A. during B. while C. when D. after
25. Larry _________ his assignments already by the time Roy came over.
A. finishes B. had finish C. had finished D. have finish
26. My brother ________ in Ireland when he met his girlfriend.
A. study B. was studying C. were study D. was study
27. Yesterday I ________ Tom in the library. He_______ a book at that moment.
A. saw - was reading B. saw - read
C. was seeing - was reading D. see - reads
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28. Last night, Peter _________ to the supermarket before he _________ home.
A. have gone – went B. went – went
C. had gone – went D. go – went
29. Yesterday, Mary_________ a bath when I___________ home.
A. have – come B. has – comes
C. was having - was coming D. was having - came
30. Before he _________to bed, he _____________ a novel.
A. went – had read B. go – had read
C. went – have read D. went – read
31. When I came to the office, the meeting ______________.
A. had start B. was started C. had started D. started
32. ________ visited Toronto before your trip last summer?
A. Have you ever B. You had
C. Had ever you D. Had you ever
33. ______she ________ her homework at the moment yesterday?
A. Was/ doing B. Were/ doing C. Did / do D. Has/ done
34. The guests ___________ for him when he____________.
A. was waiting – arrived B. waited - arrived
C. was waiting - was arriving D. were waiting - arrived
35. My sister _____ books while my brother ______ football yesterday afternoon.
A. was reading/ playing B. was reading/ was playing
C. was reading/ played D. were reading/ was playing
36. George _________ his furniture before he moved to Japan.
A. have sold B. had sold C. had sell D. sells
37. When they arrived, we _________ the test.
A. had already started B. have already started
C. starts D. already starting
38. Last night, I___________ my homework when Mary suddenly____________.
A. do – shout B. was doing - shouted
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C. did - was shouting D. was doing - was shouting

39. She told me she ___________ such kind of clothes before.
A. hadn’t worn B. worn C. hasn’t worn D. haven’t worn
40. I ________ such majestic mountains before I ________ Sapa.
A. never saw – had visited B. had never seen - visited
C. had never seen – had visited D. never saw - visited
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Unit 3.4: FUTURE TENSES

I. FORMS:
Simple Future Future Continuous Future Perfect
S + will/ shall + V0 S + will/ shall + be + V-ing S + will/ shall + have + V3/-ed
Khẳng Ex: My mother will be cooking Ex: My mother will have

định Ex: I will meet you again when I come home this cooked the dinner before we
one day.
evening. come home.
S + will/ shall + not + V0 S + will/ shall + not + be + S + will/ shall + not + have
+ V3/-ed
Ex: Lucy won’t join the V-ing
conference tomorrow.
Ex: The students won’t be Ex: We won’t have solved the
Phủ sleeping when the teacher problem by 10 o’clock.
định
comes in.
Will/ Shall + S + V0? Will/ Shall + S + be + Will / Shall + S + have +

Ex: Shall we invite John to V-ing? V3/-ed?
Nghi the meeting?
vấn Ex: Will you be waiting for Ex: Will you have done your
Y/N Ann when her plane arrives task by the time your manager
tonight? returns?
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Wh- + will/ shall + S + Wh- + will + S + be + Wh- + will + S + have +

V0? V-ing? V3/-ed?
Nghi
vấn Ex: What will you do this Ex: Where will they be Ex: How long will you have
WH- weekend? travelling at this time next year? tidied your room?
II. SIGNALS:
Simple Future
& Future Continuous Future Perfect
Near Future
❖ Trạng từ chỉ thời gian (áp - At + giờ + thời gian trong tương - Before + sự việc/thời điểm
dụng cho cả S.F và N.F) lai (at 11 o’clock tomorrow,…)
trong tương lai.
- tomorrow, tonight, someday, - At this time + thời gian trong
one day, soon, in the future, … tương lai. (at this time next week, Ex: I will have finished my
- in + thời gian trong tương lai …)
work before dinner.
(in 2030) Ex: At this time next month, I will be
- next (week/ month/ year/ …) studying abroad.
❖ Động từ chỉ khả năng sẽ - Trong câu có “when” khi diễn tả

- By + thời gian trong tương lai.
xảy ra (chỉ áp dụng cho S.F) một hành động đang xảy ra và một
- think/ believe/ suppose/ … hành động khác xen vào. Ex: She will have cooked her
- perhaps/ probably Ex: James will be studying when we
lunch by 11 a.m.
- promise get there.
- By the time + mệnh đề chia ở

thì Hiện tại đơn.
Ex: By the time my dad comes
home, I will have finished my
homework.
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- By the end of + thời gian

trong tương lai.
Ex: Maria will have finished
her report by the end of this
week.
- Khoảng thời gian + from

now.
Ex: Three months from now, I
will have graduated.
III. USAGE:
Simple Future Future Continuous Future Perfect

☞ Diễn tả 1 quyết định ngay tại ☞ Diễn tả một hành động, sự việc sẽ ☞ Diễn tả một hành động hay sự
thời điểm nói. đang diễn ra ở một thời điểm cụ việc sẽ hoàn thành trước một
thể trong tương lai. thời điểm trong tương lai.
Ex: I miss you. I’ll drop by your
house on the way to work
tomorrow. Ex: At 8 o’clock tomorrow morning, Ex: Do you think she’ll have
he will be working. seen the doctor by four
*Lưu ý: Diễn tả dự định đã lên kế o’clock?
hoạch từ trước, dùng thì Near
Future (be going to + V0)
Ex: I have saved $1,000. I’m
going to buy a new laptop.
☞ Diễn tả dự đoán không có căn ☞ Diễn tả một hành động, sự việc ☞ Diễn tả một hành động, sự
cứ xác thực. đang xảy ra trong tương lai thì có việc sẽ hoàn thành trước 1
một hành động, sự việc khác xen hành động hay sự việc khác
Ex: People won’t go to Jupiter
vào. (Hành động, sự việc xen vào trong tương lai.
before the 22nd century.
được chia ở thì Hiện tại đơn)
*Lưu ý: Diễn tả một lời dự đoán Ex: I will have made the meal
dựa vào bằng chứng ở hiện tại, Ex: James will be studying when we ready before the time you come
get there. tomorrow.
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dùng thì Near Future (be going to

+ V0 )
Ex: The sky is cloudy. It is going
to rain.
☞ Đưa ra lời yêu cầu, đề nghị, ☞ Diễn tả hành động sẽ diễn ra và

lời mời kéo dài liên tục suốt một khoảng
thời gian ở tương lai.
Ex: - Will you turn on the heating

system? Ex: My parents are going to London,
- Shall we dance together? so I will be staying with my grandma
for the next 2 weeks.
☞ Dùng trong câu hứa hẹn. ☞ Diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ta như
một phần trong kế hoạch hoặc
một phần trong thời gian biểu.
Ex: I promise I will call you as
soon as I arrive.
Ex: At five o’clock, I will be meeting
the manager about my promotion.
☞ Diễn tả những hành động song

song với nhau nhằm mô tả một
không khí, khung cảnh tại một thời
điểm cụ thể trong tương lai.
Ex: When we arrive the party,

everybody will be dancing.
☞ Dùng để yêu cầu / hỏi một cách

lịch sự về một thông tin nào đó ở
tương lai.
Ex: Will you be bringing your friend

to the pub tonight?
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☞ Kết hợp với “still” để chỉ những

hành động đã xảy ra hiện tại và
được cho là sẽ tiếp tục diễn ra
trong tương lai.
Ex: Tomorrow he will still be

suffering from his cold.
PRACTICE
1. Mary wants to speak with you. – Please tell her that I ______ her as soon as I’m free.
A. will call B. will have called C. will have been calling
2. Let’s meet at eleven o’clock tomorrow. – Sorry, I _____ at eleven o’clock.
A. will be working B. will have worked C. will have been working
3. Say goodbye to Ann now. By the time you return, she ______ for New York.
A. will be leaving B. will have left C. will have been leaving
4. By 2020, he ______ as the director of this company for thirty years.
A. will work B. will be working C. will have been working
5. Why don’t you ask Jim for help? I’m sure that he _____ you.
A. will help B. will have helped C. will have been helping
6. Please don’t ring the doorbell when you get here. My baby ______. .
A. will be sleeping B. will have slept C. will have been sleeping
7. Where are you going to spend your vacation? – I don’t know yet. Maybe we _____ to
Italy next summer.
A. will go B. will have gone C. will have been going
8. She promised that she ______ him about it.
A. won’t tell B. wouldn’t tell C. won’t have told
9. Oh, you’ll recognize him. He ____ a brown leather jacket and a red scarf.
A. will be wearing B. will have worn C. will have been wearing
10. She buys too many things. She_____ all her money long before her next pay.
A. will be spending B. will have spent C. will have been spending
11. _______________ by the time you're 60?

A. Will you retire B. Will you have retired C. Will you be retiring
12. At this time next year, I ____________ Maths at university.
A. will study B. will be studying C. will have studied
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13. There won’t be anyone in the office. Everyone ___________ home

A. will go B. will be going C. will have gone
14. Julie __________ this time next week. She’ll be on holiday.
A. won’t work B. won’t be working C. won’t have worked
15. Don’t phone me before 8 o’clock, we __________ dinner.
A. will have B. will be having C. will have had
16. I’m only halfway through my homework. I _______ before the teacher arrives.
A. won’t finish B. won’t be finishing C. won’t have finished
17. Hurry up! The film _______ soon.
A. will start B. will be starting C. will have started
18. When I travel to England next year I ________ English for over four years, so I think
I'll be ready.
A. will study B. will be studying C. will have studied
19. We ________ on the first train next Monday.
A. will leave B. will be leaving C. will have left
20. By the time you arrive I _____ something spectacular and dinner will be on the table
waiting for you.
A. will cook B. will be cooking C. will have cooked
21. When you get off the train, we _______ for you on the platform.
A. will leave B. will be leaving C. will have left
22. We _______ on the first train next Monday.
A. will cook B. will be cooking C. will have cooked
23. When we arrive in Los Angeles we'll need to rest, because we ____ about 800 miles.
A. will drive B. will be driving C. will have driven
24. Please, come at 8. By that time, I ______ my homework and we can go out.
A. will finish B. will be finishing C. will have finished
25. I'm sure when you call him, he _______ TV. He's always in front of the TV!
A. will watch B. will be watching C. will have watched
26. We are visiting a new city every week. By the end of the summer, we _______ all
the most important cities in Europe.
A. will visit B. will be visiting C. will have visited
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27. In less than 2 years, my grandparents _______ for 50 years. We are going to
celebrate it.
A. will be married B. will be marrying C. will have been married
28. I'm cleaning the kitchen. By the time you arrive, it ___________ spotless.
A. will be B. will be being C. will have been
29. ______________ Laura tomorrow? - Yes, probably. Why?
A. Will you have seeing B. Will you be seeing C. Will you have seen
30. Lisa is from New Zealand. She is travelling around Europe at the moment. So far she
has travelled about 1,000 miles. By the end of the trip, she _____________ more than
3,000 miles.
A. will be travelling B. will have travelled C. will be travelled
31. Do you think you ______________ the same job in ten years' time?
A. will still have done B. will still be doing C. will have still done
32. Ben is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like
this, he ___________ all his money before the end of his holiday.
A. will have spent B. will be spending C. will be spent
33. If you need to contact me, I ____________ at the Lion Hotel until Friday.
A. will have staying B. will have stayed C. will be staying
34. A: What time does the meeting finish? Will you be free at 11.30? - B: Yes, the
meeting _______ by then.
A. will be finishing B. will have finishing C. will have finished
35. A: Can we meet tomorrow? B: Yes, but not in the afternoon. I ___________.
A. will have worked B. will have working C. will be working
36. Tomorrow afternoon we're going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4
o'clock, we _______ tennis.
A. will be played B. will have played C. will be playing
37. Phone me after 8 o'clock. We __________ dinner by then.
A. will have finishing B. will have finished C. will be finishing
38. Don't phone between 7 and 8. We __________ dinner then.
A. will be had B. will be having C. will have had
39. Tomorrow I ________ all day.
A. will be painting B. will paint C. will be paint
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40. By the time we get there, the store ________.

A. will close B. will have closed C. will be closing
41. I ________ you tomorrow at 3:00 PM.
A. will see B. see C. will be seeing
42. After we finish this video, I ________ all of this director’s movies.
A. will see B. will be seeing C. will have seen
43. Can I come over in an hour? - No, I ________ the house.
A. will clean B. will be cleaning C. clean
44. This time next week I ________ wine in Argentina.
A. will drink B. drink C. will be drinking
45. She doesn’t realize what kind of person he is, but she ________.
A. will find out B. will be finding out C. will have found out
46. She insulted me. I ________ to her again!
A. will never speak B. will never be speaking C. will have never spoken
47. If he continues drinking so fast, he ________ the whole bottle by midnight.
A. will drink B. will have drunk C. will be drinking
48. She ________ me when her birthday is.
A. won’t have told B. won’t be telling C. won’t tell
49. By the time the new policy comes into effect, I’m sure there ______ some changes.
A. will be B. will have been C. will be being
50. In two years from now, the contract _________ to an end.
A. will come B. will have come C. will be coming
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UNIT 3.5: SEQUENCE OF TENSES

❖ WHEN
1. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra nối tiếp nhau
Trong quá khứ: WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ đơn)
Ví dụ:
When students heard the bell, they stood up and left.
Trong tương lai: WHEN + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + V (tương lai đơn)
Ví dụ:
When I see him, I will give him your regards.
2. Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra thì có hành động khác xen vào
Trong quá khứ: WHEN + S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn), S + V (quá khứ đơn)
Ví dụ:
When she was having a bath, she saw a mouse.
Trong tương lai: WHEN + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + V (tương lai tiếp
diễn)
Ví dụ:
When you come tomorrow, they will be playing tennis.
3. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra xong rồi mới tới hành động khác
Trong quá khứ: WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ
hoàn thành)
Ví dụ:
Last night, when we arrived at the theater, they had sold out all the tickets.
Trong tương lai: WHEN + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + V (tương lai

hoàn thành)
Ví dụ:
When you come back, I will have typed this email.
❖ BY + TIME
BY + trạng từ của quá khứ 🡪 động từ chia thì quá khứ hoàn thành
44
Ví dụ:
I had worked for the company for 30 years by the end of last month
BY + trạng từ của tương lai 🡪 động từ chia thì tương lai hoàn thành
Ví dụ:
I will have worked for the company for 30 years by the end of next month
❖ AT + GIỜ/ AT THIS TIME
AT + giờ; at this time + thời gian trong quá khứ 🡪 chia thì quá khứ tiếp diễn
AT + giờ; at this time + thời gian trong tương lai 🡪 chia thì tương lai tiếp diễn
Ví dụ:
- At 3 p.m yesterday, we were learning English at school.
- At 3 p.m tomorrow, we will be learning English at school.
❖ SINCE
S + V (hiện tại hoàn thành) + since + S + V (quá khứ đơn)

Ví dụ:
- I haven't seen my old friends since we left school.
❖ UNTIL/ AS SOON AS
S + V (tương lai đơn) + UNTIL/ AS SOON AS + S+ V (hiện tại đơn/ hiện

tại hoàn thành)
Ví dụ:
- I will wait until you come back.
- I will call you as soon as I have finished my work.
V (nguyên dạng)/ Don't + V (nguyên dạng) + UNTIL/ AS SOON AS +

S + V (hiện tại đơn/ hiện tại hoàn thành)
Ví dụ:
- Wait here until I come back.
- Don't leave the room until I come back.
45
❖ BY THE TIME
a. BY THE TIME + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)

Ví dụ:
By the time you went to the cinema, the film had already started.
b. BY THE TIME + S + V (hiện tại đơn), S + V (tương lai hoàn thành)

Ví dụ:
By the time you return, we will have bought a new house.
❖ THE FIRST / LAST TIME

THIS/ IT IS THE FIRST; SECOND; THIRD.... TIME + S + V (hiện tại hoàn
thành)
THIS/ IT IS THE LAST TIME + S + V (quá khứ đơn)
Ví dụ:
- This is the first time I have ever met such a handsome boy.
- This is the last time I talked with you about that matter.
❖ TRONG CÂU SO SÁNH HƠN NHẤT

S + V (hiện tại đơn) + THE + ADJ (est)/ MOST + ADJ + CLAUSE
(hiện tại hoàn thành)
S + V (quá khứ đơn) + THE + ADJ (est)/ MOST + ADJ + CLAUSE
(quá khứ hoàn thành)
Ví dụ:
- This was the most embarrassing experience I had ever had.
- This is the prettiest girl I have ever met.
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PRACTICE
❖ Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D
1. Yamaha has been selling motorcycles ___________.
A. twenty years ago B. since twenty years
C. for twenty years ago D. for twenty years
2. The man got out the car, ___________round to the back and opened the boot.
A. walking B. walked C. walks D. walk
3. Columbus ___________ America more than 400 years ago.
A. discovered B. has discovered
C. had discovered D. he has gone
4. I will come and see you before I ___________ America.
A. leave B. will leave C. have left D. shall leave
5. I have been waiting for you __________.
A. since early morning B. since 9 a.m
C. for two hours D. all are correct
6. For several years, his ambition ___________ to become a pilot.
A. is B. has been C. was D. had been
7. The flight to Tokyo ____________ at 6AM next Monday.
A. leaves B. would leave C. left D. is going to leave
8. Ask her to come and see me when she_________ her work.
A. finish B. has finished C. finished D. finishing
9. Jack not only finished the homework well but also _______ extra-exercises.
A. done B. had did C. do D. did
10. The Olympic Games____________ every four years.
A. take place B. takes place C. took place D. is taking place
11. Since_________, I have heard nothing from him.
A. he had left B. he left C. he has left D. he was left
12. __________ you go to the dentist?
A. How often are B. How often do C. How often does D. How are
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13. I couldn’t cut the grass because the machine___________ a few days previously.
A. broke down B. has been broken
C. had broken down D. breaks down
14. Cities now ___________ separated into smaller communities.
A. is being B. are being C. is D. are
15. She ________ about her heavy workload.
A. complain B. always complained
C. always complains D. is always complaining
16. John __________ his project by the end of next month.
A. will have completed B. will complete
C. completes D. has completed
17. I ___________ in London at this time next month.
A. study B. am studying C. will be studying D. will study
18. They _________ English before they moved to London.
A. will learn B. had learnt C. have learnt D. learned
19. Harry Potter is the most fascinating film I __________.
A. had seen B. saw C. have seen D. seen
20. By the time you get there, the shop ____________.
A. has closed B. will have closed C. closes D. will close
21. The staff members____________ coffee at Roberto’s at 3PM yesterday.
A. were having B. was having C. have had D. had
22. By Christmas, I ____________ for this department for 6 months.
A. shall have been working C. have been working
B. shall work D. shall be working
23. The director ___________ our proposal last year.
A. doesn’t refuse B. haven’t refused
C. didn’t refuse D. hadn’t refused
24. Our team __________ 4 gold medals in the last Olympics.
A. has won B. win C. is winning D. won
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25. Almost everyone_________ for home by the time we arrived.

A. leave B. left C. leaves D. had left
26. Why __________ at me like that? What’s the matter?
A. do you look B. have you looked
C. did you look D. are you looking
27. What time________ the banks close in Britain?
A. do B. did C. does D. can
28. I think the weather _________ nice later.
A. will be B. be C. had D. has been
29. Bad driving often____________ many accidents.
A. caused B. had caused C. causes D. has cause
30. Lucy _________ Paris so many times before she got married.
A. have visited B. had visited C. has visited D. visited
31. Panasonic____________22 million TV sets so far.
A. was selling B. had sold C. has sold D. sold
32. I hope I ______________ the course by May.
A. will have finished B. will be finished
C. finish D. have finished
33. Tim was tired. He________ hard all day.
A. has been working B. works
C. worked D. had been working
34. I came across my old pictures while I __________ up my room.
A. have been tidying B. tidied C. was tidying D. tidy
35. When I arrived, he ____________ TV and she ____________.
A. was watching – was cooking B. watched – cooked
C. was watching – cooked D. watched – was cooking
35. They often ___________ their holidays together in Italy.
A. spend B. is spending C. will spend D. spent
36. By the age of 25, Thomas _________two famous novels.
A. had written B. writes C. has written D. wrote
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37. Ann __________tea very often.

A. doesn’t drink B. don’t drink C. didn’t drink D. hasn’t drunken
38. When the first child was born, they________ married for three years.
A. have been married B. had been married
C. will been married D. will have been married
39. When I was young, I _________to be a singer.
A. want B. was wanting C. wanted D. had wanted
40. When I last saw him, he___________ in London.
A. has lived B. is living C. was living D. has been living
41. The supervisor said he _________ return later.
A. will B. would C. can D. would be
42. I’m going on holiday on Saturday. This time next week I_________ on a beach in
the sea.
A. will lie B. am lying C. will be lying D. should be lying
43. It__________ dark. Shall I turn on the light?
A. is getting B. get C. got D. has got
44. I can’t go outside. It _____________ for 2 hours.
A. is raining B. rained C. rains D. has been raining
45. At last the bus came. We__________ for half an hour.
A. waited B. was waiting C. have waited D. had been waiting
46. Henry_________ into the restaurant when the guests were having dinner.
A. was going B. went C. has gone D. did go
47. They __________ ping pong when their father comes back home.
A. will play B. have played C. play D. would play
48. When I fell down, you ___________ there holding me up.
A. has been B. were C. would be D. will be
49. I _________ Louisiana state University next year.
A. attended B. was attending C. attend D. am going to attend
50. I didn’t watch the film because I _______ it before.
A. have seen B. had seen C. has seen D. saw
50
51. There was a time when watching TV really ___________ family entertainment.
A. were B. was C. had been D. is
52. I__________ along the street when I suddenly heard footsteps behind me.
A. was walking B. am walking C. walk D. walked
53. He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ___________dinner.
A. finish B. finishes C. will finish D. shall have finished
54. “Are you ready, Ann?” “Yes, I____________.”
A. am coming B. come C. came D. have came
55. While her husband was in the army, Janet _________ to him twice a week.
A. was writing B. wrote C. was written D. had written
56. It is a nice day. I ________ going out for a walk.
A. suggested B. suggest C. is suggesting D. are suggesting
57. Where have you been? - I ___________ for you for 3 hours.
A. have been waiting B. am waiting
C. will be waiting D. wait
58. When I last __________ Jane, she ___________to find a job.
A. see/ was trying B. saw/ was trying
C. have seen/ tried D. saw/ tried
59. Samsung ___________ a new model of smartphone.
A. has just released B. just released C. will have released D. release
60. Before you asked, the report___________.
A. was submitted B. had been submitted
C. had submitted D. has been submitted
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Unit 4: SUBJECT – VERB AGREEMENT
I. LÍ THUYẾT
1. CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐỘNG TỪ CHIA SỐ ÍT
1. Danh từ không đếm được hoặc đếm được Ex: - Water is very necessary to our life.
số ít
- The film is very interesting.
2. Chủ ngữ là to V hoặc V-ing Ex: - Colleting stamps is my hobby.
- To make a paper plane is very easy.
3. Đại từ bất định: everybody, everyone, Ex: Somebody has taken my books away.
everything, somebody, someone,
something, nobody, no one, nothing
4. Chủ ngữ chỉ khoảng cách, thời gian, tiền Ex: - Six miles is a long distance.
bạc, số lượng, đo lường, tên bộ phim,…
- Two hours is long enough for us to complete
the report.
- Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is a fairy

tale.
5. Chủ ngữ là tên các môn học tận cùng Ex: Physics is my favorite subject.
bằng “-ics” (Physics , Economics,
Mathematics), tên các môn thể thao
(Athletics, Gymnastics), tên các loại bệnh
(Measles, Mumps, Diabetes)
6. Each/ every/ neither/ either + Nsố ít Ex: - Every seat has a number.
Each/ every/ neither/ either + of + Nsố nhiều - Neither of my co-workers likes him.
7. N and N (khi các N đề cập đến 1 người, 1 Ex: - Bread and butter is Tom’s favorite dish.
vật, biểu thức toán học)
- Two and two is four.
8. A pair of Ex: - This pair of shoes is very expensive.

A group of + Nsố nhiều + Vsố ít
- One of the new employees is highly professional.
One of
52
2. CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐỘNG TỪ CHIA SỐ NHIỀU

Ex: - These students are very smart.
1. Danh từ số nhiều làm chủ ngữ.
- Water and oil do not mix.
2. Danh từ chỉ tập hợp (the + tính từ) Ex: The rich are not always happy.
Ex: the old, the rich, the poor, the disabled,…
3. Danh từ số nhiều ở dạng đặc biệt Ex: Cattle are domestic animals.
Ex: staff, police, people, cattle, folk, poultry, …
3. MỘT SỐ TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT:

Accompany by Ex: My colleague as well as I likes this book.
1. S1 + Along with + S2 + V (S1)
As well as
In addition to
2. Either or Ex: - Neither you nor I am here.
Neither + S1 + nor + S2 + V (S2) - Not only my sisters but also my father
knows you.
Not only but also
3. A number of + Nsố nhiều + Vsố nhiều Ex: - A number of my students are keen on
learning English.
The number of
- The number of students in this class is
A great deal of + Nsố nhiều + Vsố ít
small.
A large amount
4. Các danh từ tập hợp (Community, Class, Ex: - The family are having breakfast.
Public, Government, Staff, Army, Family, - The family is very conservative.
Team, Company)
→ nếu chỉ hành động của từng thành viên thì
dùng số nhiều
→ nếu chỉ tính chất của tập thể đó thì dùng số ít
53
5. All/ Some/ Most/ Ex: - A lot of money is spent on advertisement.

A lot of/ None of/ + Nsố ít + Vsố ít
- One third of young people are unemployed.
Half/ phân số/ + Nsố nhiều + Vsố nhiều
phần trăm
6. There/ Here + Vsố ít + Nsố ít Ex: - There is a picture on the wall.

+ Vsố nhiều + Nsố nhiều
- There are two pictures on the wall.
7. Chủ ngữ là dân tộc + Vsố nhiều Ex: - The Vietnamese are hard-working.
Chủ ngữ là ngôn ngữ + Vsố ít - English is so difficult to master.
PRACTICE
1. The magazines on the table _______ for the guests at the clinic.
A. is B. are C. was taken D. have
2. The Philippines ___________ of more than 7,000 islands.
A. consist B. consisting C. consisted D. consists
3. A large number of reporters __________ at the meeting yesterday.
A. being B. were C. are D. is
4. Everybody ________ on time for the meeting.
A. is B. are C. were D. have been
5. Much progress __________ been made in recent years.
A. have B. has C. having D. to have
6. Tom doesn’t agree with the plan but the rest of us _________.
A. does B. done C. do D. doing
7. Everybody __________ trying to do their best at present.
A. to be B. have been C. are D. is
8. A substantial amount of milk ________ consumed every day.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
9. None of the employees _________ the report yet.
A. have finished B. has finished C. finished D. is finishing
54
10. Most of the rooms in the hotel where we are staying _________ air conditioning.
A. have B. had C. has had D. has
11. There __________ a lot of expensive furniture in our new office.
A. have been B. are C. is D. were
12. Everyone ________ with me about my proposal.
A. agree B. agreeing C. disagree D. agrees
13. The cost of living ________ over 10% in the last few years.
A. rises B. has risen C. rose D. is rising
14. The results of Dr. Frank’s experiment _______ announced on TV last night.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
15. Sixty minutes ________ the maximum length of time allowed for the exam.
A. is B. be C. are D. were
17. The effects of cigarette smoking ________ been proven to be extremely harmful.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
18. Someone________ her to do such a foolish thing.
A. ask B. asks C. asking D. are asked
19. Linguistics _______ us to further understanding of cultures, societies and civilizations.
A. bring B. brings C. bringing D. to bring
20. None of the staff _________ the vice president.
A. has seen B. have seen C. is seen D. was seen
21. Both of the computers ________ not working.
A. were B. is C. was D. have
22. Economics ________ me as much as literature does.
A. interest B. don’t interest C. doesn’t interest D. have interested
23. Several of workers _________ absent yesterday.
A. has been B. had been C. were D. was
24. The United States _______ between Canada and Mexico.
A. lying B. lies C. lain D. lie
25. I don’t like the hot weather. Thirty degrees ________ too warm for me.
55
A. was B. are C. being D. is

26. The pilot along with his passengers _______ rescued last night.
A. am B. have been C. was D. is
27. Collecting old coins and paper notes ___________ one of my hobbies.
A. being B. were C. are D. is
28. Mr. John, accompanied by several members of the committee, _______ proposed some
changes of the rules.
A. have B. has C. are D. is
29. What he told you________ to be of no importance.
A. seems B. seem C. must seem D. have seemed
30. The quality of the recordings __________ not very good.
A. is B. are C. is being D. has been
31. The picture of the soldiers _________ back many memories.
A. will bring B. brings C. bring D. have brought
32. A series of lectures __________ being presented at the Central Hall this week.
A. are B. will be C. has become D. is
33. That she should be at the meeting tomorrow ________ essential.
A. is B. are C. was D. have been
34. The cost of maintaining a certain standard of living in different geographic areas _________
compared by means of cost of living conditions.
A. is B. are C. have D. can
36. Experiencing a high level of stress often ______ serious diseases.
A. cause B. causes C. causing D. have caused
37. Each candidate_________ to answer three questions today.
A. has B. have C. had D. must
38. A large number of students in this school __________ English quite fluently.
A. speaks B. is speaking C. has spoken D. speak
39. Three-quarters of the townspeople ________ against new laws.
A. are B. is C. have D. give
56
40. Every one of those books ________ fiction.

A. are B. is C. have D. has
41. The neighbors next door ______ hiking every weekend in the summer.
A. have gone B. are going C. go D. goes
42. This information about taxes _________ helpful.
43. The use of credit cards in place of cash________ increased rapidly in recent years.
A. have been B. has been C. has D. have
44. Advertisements on television_________ becoming more competitive than ever before.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
45. The police _________ for the thieves at the moment.
A. is looking B. are looking C. have been looking D. will be looking
46. SARS _________ an epidemic that kills many people in china.
A. are B. were C. have been D. is
47. The news ______ so bad that makes her depressed.
A. are B. was C. were D. have been
48. Five thousand pounds __________ stolen in the robbery last night.
A. is B. were C. are D. was
49. That you take a computer course ____________ very necessary.
A. am B. have been C. are D. is
50. All passengers in both cars _________ injured in the accident last night.
A. was B. is C. are D. were
51. Both a poem and a short story _______ been written by the young author.
A. has B. to have C. have D. having
52. Neither the manager nor all employees _______ here yesterday.
A. are B. were C. is D. be
53. The number of members who ______ withdrawn from our club this quarter ______ increasing.
A. has/is B. have/are C. have/is D. has/are
54. Jack as well as his relatives _______ safe from the hurricane.
57
A. be B. is C. are D. being
55. Either Daisy or I _________ glad to take part in the project.
A. am B. has been C. are D. is
56. My brother together with his friends often __________ in the park.
A. jogs B. jogging C. jog D. to jog
57. The cattle _______ in the field now.
A. grazing B. grazes C. has grazed D. are grazing
58. One of the girls who ________ working in this department ________ my niece.
A. is/ being B. are/ is C. is/ are D. was/ were
59. The English __________ to watch football at the stadium every weekend.
A. likes B. liking C. like D. has liked
60. Japanese often _______ to their workplace by public transport.
A. commute B. commutes C. has commuted D. commuting
61. Learning foreign languages __________ a lot of time.
A. require B. requires D. have required D. are requiring
62. Women _______ not well-treated in former days.
63. Beautiful white teeth _________ to make our smile more attractive.
A. help B. helps C. is helping D. was helping
64. Look! The cattle _______ on the meadow.
A. has grazed B. have grazed C. is grazing D. are grazing
65. Many people claim that health ________ more important than wealth.
A. are B. is C. have been D. has been
66. The news from the destroyed villages ________ so bad.
A. was B. were C. are D. have been
67. The furniture ______ so expensive that we had to save for three months to buy it.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
68. The number of people attending the seminar yesterday ______ 120.
58
69. The secretary and cashier of our club _____ Ms. Katy.
70. I think the behaviors of that young man _______ not acceptable.
A. is B. are C. was D. has been
71. The way of life in small villages far from big cities ______ mostly quiet because there
_______ few people.
A. is/ is B. are/ are C. is/ are D. are/ is
72. Neither the employees nor the president _______ the solution.
A. find B. have found C. has found D. are finding
73. Michael, along with his brothers and support team, _______ many major cities around
the world every year.
A. visits B. visit C. is visiting D. are visiting
74. Anyone who wants to pursue higher education ______ to pass entrance exams.
A. has B. have C. is having D. are having
75. Most of the milk ______ bad except three bottles of milk which _______ still in the
refrigerator.
A. have gone/ are B. has gone/ is C. have gone/ is D. has gone/ are
76. More than one student ______ to do those mathematic puzzles which _______ by the
teacher last week.
A. has tried/ was given B. have tried/ were given
C. has tried/ were given D. have tried/ was given
77. The members and the chairman _______ together recently.
A. meets B. are just meeting C. have just met D. has just met
78. Two-fifths of the vineyard _______ destroyed by the fire last night.
A. have been B. has been C. was D. were
79. Forty percent of the workers ______ in favor of changing the policy.
A. is B. are C. has been D. was
80. The fishing boat sank but luckily all the crew _____ able to save themselves.
A. have been B. is C. are D. were
59

Grammar (P2)

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Unit 3.1: PRESENT SIMPLE & PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Present Simple Present Continuous

Am/Is/Are + S + N/adj? Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing?

WH- + am/is/are + S +…?

Present Simple Present Continuous

+ always; usually; frequently; often – Now: Bây giờ

Ex: James is talking on the phone at the

❖ Trong câu có các động từ như: Look!

Ex: - Look! A girl is jumping from the bridge!

Present Simple Present Continuous

Diễn tả hành động hoặc sự việc nói chung đang

Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại gây sự khó chịu

☞ Lưu ý: Không chia thì HTTD với các động từ

Ex: - I am being tired now.

● Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

A. do/ weigh B. does/ weigh C. is/ weighing D. are/ weighing

Unit 3.2: PRESENT PERFECT & SIMPLE PAST TENSES

Present Perfect Simple Past

S + haven’t/ hasn’t + V3/-ed S + didn’t + V0

Have/ Has + S + V3/-ed? Ex: Did you steal my money?

Present Perfect Simple Past

● Before: trước đây

● The first/ second…time : lần đầu tiên/ thứ

☞ REMEMBER: - HTHT + since + QKĐ

Present Perfect Simple Past

Diễn tả một chuỗi các hành động liên tiếp trong

Thể hiện kinh nghiệm, trải nghiệm của một

Ex: This is the first time I have been to

Dùng để thể hiện một thói quen trong quá khứ

Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá

A. sat B. have sat C. has sat D. is sitting

Unit 3.3: PAST CONTINUOUS & PAST PERFECT TENSES

Past Continuous Past Perfect

S + was/ were + V-ing S + had + V3/-ed

Ex: - She was cooking dinner at 6PM

S + wasn’t/ weren’t + V-ing S + hadn’t + V3/-ed

Ex: We hadn’t eaten anything by the time our

Was/ Were + S + V-ing? Had + S + V3/-ed?

Past Continuous Past Perfect

● Until, by the time, prior to that time, before,

Lưu ý: - QKHT + before/ by the time/ until +

Ex: No sooner had Linda closed this door than

Ex: Hardly had we gone out when it rained.

Past Continuous Past Perfect

Ex: - We had had that car for ten years before it

- By the time Alex finished his studies,

- By the end of 2010, she had completed two

Ex: I was studying when the light went out.

Ex: John was listening to music while his mother

Ex: He was always going to work late.

A. had already started B. have already started

C. did - was shouting D. was doing - was shouting

Unit 3.4: FUTURE TENSES

Simple Future Future Continuous Future Perfect

S + will/ shall + V0 S + will/ shall + be + V-ing S + will/ shall + have + V3/-ed

Khẳng Ex: My mother will be cooking Ex: My mother will have

Will/ Shall + S + V0? Will/ Shall + S + be + Will / Shall + S + have +

Wh- + will/ shall + S + Wh- + will + S + be + Wh- + will + S + have +

❖ Động từ chỉ khả năng sẽ - Trong câu có “when” khi diễn tả

- By the time + mệnh đề chia ở

- By the end of + thời gian

- Khoảng thời gian + from