ME 303 – FLUID MECHANICS I

REVIEW QUESTIONS – 1

Asst. Prof. Dr. Atakan TANTEKİN

1) A forklift raises a 90.5 kg crate 1.80 m. (a) Showing all your work and using unity conversion ratios, calculate
the work done by the forklift on the crane, in units of kJ. (b) If it takes 12.3 seconds to lift the crate,
calculate the useful power supplied to the crate in kilowatts.

2) In Fig. P2.13 the 20°C water and gasoline surfaces are open to the atmosphere and at the same elevation.
What is the height h of the third liquid in the right leg?

3) In Fig. P2.31 all fluids are at 20°C. Determine the pressure difference (Pa) between points A and B.

4) A 50-cm 3 30-cm 3 20-cm block weighing 150 N is to be moved at a constant velocity of 0.80 m/s on an
inclined surface with a friction coefficient of 0.27. (a) Determine the force F that needs to be applied in
the horizontal direction. (b) If a 0.40-mm-thick oil film with a dynamic viscosity of 0.012 Pa.s is applied
between the block and inclined surface, determine the percent reduction in the required force.

5) Consider the flow of a fluid with viscosity μ through a circular pipe. The velocity profile in the pipe is given
as u(r) = umax(1 - rn/Rn), where umax is the maximum flow velocity, which occurs at the centerline; r is the
radial distance from the centerline; and u(r) is the flow velocity at any position r. Develop a relation for the
drag force exerted on the pipe wall by the fluid in the flow direction per unit length of the pipe.

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6) A thin 30-cm x 30-cm flat plate is pulled at 3 m/s horizontally through a 3.6-mm-thick oil layer sandwiched
between two plates, one stationary and the other moving at a constant velocity of 0.3 m/s, as shown in
Fig. P2–81. The dynamic viscosity of the oil is 0.027 Pa.s. Assuming the velocity in each oil layer to vary
linearly, (a) plot the velocity profile and find the location where the oil velocity is zero and (b) determine
the force that needs to be applied on the plate to maintain this motion.

7) Consider a 55-cm-long journal bearing that is lubricated with oil whose viscosity is 0.1 kg/m.s at 20°C at
the beginning of operation and 0.008 kg/m.s at the anticipated steady operating temperature of 80°C. The
diameter of the shaft is 8 cm, and the average gap between the shaft and the journal is 0.08 cm. Determine
the torque needed to overcome the bearing friction initially and during steady operation when the shaft
is rotated at 1500 rpm.

8) A rigid tank contains an ideal gas at 300 kPa and 600 K. Half of the gas is withdrawn from the tank and the
gas is at 100 kPa at the end of the process. Determine (a) the final temperature of the gas and (b) the final
pressure if no mass were withdrawn from the tank and the same final temperature were reached at the
end of the process.

9) Some rocks or bricks contain small air pockets in them and have a spongy structure. Assuming the air
spaces form columns of an average diameter of 0.006 mm, determine how high water can rise in such a
material. Take the surface tension of the air–water interface in that material to be 0.085 N/m.

10) The water in a tank is pressurized by air, and the pressure is measured by a multifluid manometer as shown
in Fig. P3–12. Determine the gage pressure of air in the tank if h1 = 0.4 m, h2 = 0.6 m, and h3 = 0.8 m. Take
the densities of water, oil, and mercury to be 1000 kg/m3, 850 kg/m3, and 13,600 kg/m3, respectively.

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11) Two chambers with the same fluid at their base are separated by a 30-cm-diameter piston whose weight
is 25 N, as shown in Fig. P3–54. Calculate the gage pressures in chambers A and B.

12) For a gate width of 2 m into the paper (Fig. P3–73), determine the force required to hold the gate ABC at
its location.

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13) A water trough of semicircular cross section of radius 0.6 m consists of two symmetric parts hinged to
each other at the bottom, as shown in Fig. P3–79. The two parts are held together by a cable and
turnbuckle placed every 3 m along the length of the trough. Calculate the tension in each cable when the
trough is filled to the rim.

14) A 4-m-diameter water tank consists of two half cylinders, each weighing 4.5 kN/m, bolted together as
shown in Fig. P2.92. If the support of the end caps is neglected, determine the force induced in each bolt.

15) Milk with a density of 1020 kg/m3 is transported on a level road in a 9-m-long, 3-m-diameter cylindrical
tanker. The tanker is completely filled with milk (no air space), and it accelerates at 4 m/s2. If the minimum
pressure in the tanker is 100 kPa, determine the maximum pressure difference and the location of the
maximum pressure.

16) The distance between the centers of the two arms of a U-tube open to the atmosphere is 30 cm, and the U-tube
contains 20-cm-high alcohol in both arms. Now the U-tube is rotated about the left arm at 4.2 rad/s. Determine the
elevation difference between the fluid surfaces in the two arms.

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17) If the rate of rotational speed of the 3-tube system shown in Fig. P3–137 is w = 10 rad/s, determine the
water heights in each tube leg. At what rotational speed will the middle tube be completely empty?

18) A steady, two-dimensional velocity field is given by V = (u, v) = (-0.781 - 4.67x)i + (-3.54 + 4.67y) j. Calculate
the location of the stagnation point.

19) A steady, incompressible, two-dimensional velocity field is given by the following components in the xy-
plane: u = (1.85 + 2.33x + 0.656y), v = (0.754 - 2.18x - 2.33y). Calculate the acceleration field (find
expressions for acceleration components ax and ay), and calculate the acceleration at the point (x, y) = (21,
2).

20) A cylindrical tank of water rotates in solid-body rotation, counterclockwise about its vertical axis (Fig. P4–
73) at angular speed n = 175 rpm. Calculate the vorticity of fluid particles in the tank.

21) Consider the following steady, three-dimensional velocity field:

V = (u, v, w) = (3.0 + 2.0x - y)i + (2.0x - 2.0y)j + (0.5xy)k. Calculate the vorticity vector as a function of space
(x, y, z).

22) Consider fully developed Couette flow—flow between two infinite parallel plates separated by distance h,
with the top plate moving and the bottom plate stationary as illustrated in Fig. P4–79. The flow is steady,
incompressible, and two-dimensional in the xy-plane. The velocity field is given by V = (u, v) = V(y/h)i + 0j.
Is this flow rotational or irrotational? If it is rotational, calculate the vorticity component in the z-direction.
Do fluid particles in this flow rotate clockwise or counterclockwise?

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23) For the Couette flow of Fig. P4–79, calculate the linear strain rates in the x-and y-directions, and calculate
the shear strain rate εxy.

24) A uniform wooden beam (SG = 0.65) is 10 cm by 10 cm by 3 m and is hinged at A, as in Fig. P2.120. At what
angle θ will the beam float in the 20°C water?

25) The 100-kg plate in the figure is resting on a very thin film of SAE 10W-30 oil, which has a viscosity of μ =
0.0652 N.s/m2. Determine the force P that must be applied to the center of the plate to slide it over the
oil with a constant velocity of 0.2 m/s. Assume the oil thickness is 0.1 mm, and the velocity profile across
this thickness is linear. The bottom of the plate has a contact area of 0.75 m2 with the oil.