TÍNH TOÁN KẾT CẤU

PROJECT : KEANGNAM HANOI

Landmark Tower Complex

2007. 09
1. Design Description
1.1 General Information

Description STORY SYSTEM

LANDMARK TOWER 70 Reinforced Concrete / PT

Residential Tower 47 Reinforced Concrete / PT
Pdium 6 Reinforced Concrete / PT
Parking 2nd Basement Reinforced Concrete / PT

1.2 Applied Code Regulations

▪ Building Code of Vietnam (Volume Ⅱ – 1997)

▪ UBC 1997 (Volume Ⅱ)
▪ ACI 318 (American Concrete Institute)
▪ PTI (POST Tension Institute)
▪ AISC Allowable Stress Design

1.3 Material Properties

1) Concrete
- Density = 2300 ㎏/㎥
- 28-Day Cylinder Compressive Strength
• Tower Column & Wall : 40MPa~70MPa
• Podium : 24MPa
• Basement : 30MPa

2) Reinforcing Deformed Bar

Grade Denoted by Strenght (fy) Diameter

AⅠ (ROUND BARS) R 230 MPa Do not use

AⅡ (DEFORM BARS) G 280 MPa D8, D10, D12, D14, D18, D20, D22

AⅢ (DEFORM BARS) Y 360 MPa D25, D28, D32, D36, D40

• We are under consideration using SD40(fy=400MPa), SD50(fy=500MPa).

 3) Post Tensioned Beam and Slab

(1) Concrete
- Concrete strength fc = 70~35MPa (high early strengthed Portland cement)
- Concrete strength at transfer 1st : fc = 7 MPa
2nd : fc = 22 MPa
(2) Prestressing Strands
- Strands(7wire) ASTM A416 Grade 270 (Low Relaxation)
- Yield strength fy = 1680 MPa
- Tensile strength fpu = 1860 MPa
- Relaxation 3.5% (at 1000 hrs at 80% of Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength)
(3) Prestressing Criteria
- Tendon friction parameter µ = 0.20 / radian
k = 0.005 /m
- Jacking force of tendon 75% of tendon ultimate tensile strength

1.4 Structural system

(1) Landmark tower

▪ Building Frame System

- Gravity load resisting system : Shared by framed members

- Lateral load resisting system : Shared by shear walls and belt walls
(2) Residential tower
- Gravity load resisting system : Shared by framed members
- Lateral load resisting system : Shared by shear walls and belt walls
(3) Slab considered as diaphragm for building compatibility and resisting gravity loads
▪ Effective width beam in accordance with ACI 318
2. Design Load
2.1 Gravity Loads
(1) Dead Load
- Dead loads comprise the weight of all permanent construction, including walls, floors,
Roofs, ceiling, and fixed service equipment.
(2) Live Load
- Live loads are those loads produced by the use and occupancy of the building or other occupancy
structure and do not include environmental loads.
- Summary of Dead & Live Load

Superimposed Dead Load (SDL) [kN/m2] Live Load

Occupancy or Use Uniform
Services [kN/m2]
Finishes Partitions
&Ceiling
1 Roof 3.45 0.5 2.0

2 Hotel 0.60 0.5 3.0 (Brick, Assumed) 2.0

Residential (Hotel) 3.2 (Brick, Assumed)

3. 0.60 0.5 2.0
(Residential Tower) 5.0 (Brick, Assumed)

4. Office 0.60 0.5 2.0 (Brick, Assumed) 2.5

Shop
5. 1.60 0.5 1. 0 3.0
(Tower & Podium)

Equipment
6. 2.30 0.5 - 7.5
& AHU(Office)

Cooling Tower
7. 3.45 0.5 - 7.5
(Podium 6F)

8 Roof (6F) 5.75 0.5 5.0

10.65
9. Roof Garden (6F) (0.4m soil+0.15 Lean 0.5 - 2.0
Concrete )
Parking (Podium) 5.0
10. 2.30 0.5
(Basement) 8.0

Hall
11. 2.30 0.5 - 5.0
Lobby
Fitness (6F)
12. Office Dining Room (4F) 2.30 0.5 - 2.0
Restaurant (2F)

13 Swimming Pool(1F) 2.3 0.5 18.0

Office 6.80 kN/m (Brick, 1.2m + Glass)

14. Cladding
Hotel & Rsidential 9.10 kN/m (Brick 70% fill)

• Unidentified Loads should be discussed with Client for Design Development.

2.2 Lateral Load

1) Wind Loads
The design parameters need to be confirmed by Local Design Institute, currently we assumed the followings
(1) Landmark tower
• Zoning of Wind Pressure ⅡB
• Basic Wind Pressure 95daN/m2 (0.95 kPa)
• Aerodynamic Coefficient, C X-dir : 1.26
Y-dir : 1.20
(2) Residential tower
• Aerodynamic Coefficient, C X-dir : 1.23
Y-dir : 1.25
2) Seismic Loads

To be advised by Local Design Institute, Currently we assumed the followings in accordance with UBC1997.
(1) Landmark tower
• Seismic Soil acceleration 0.12g
• Soil Profile Type SD (Assumed)
• Occupancy Category I=1.0
• Structural System Building Frame System
3. Modeling and Analysis
3.1 3D Modeling

(1) Landmark tower

Link Beam
Corewall

Effective Width Beam

Perimeter Beam

<Typ. Floor>

Outrigger wall

Link Beam

Corewall

Effective Width Beam

Perimeter Beam
Beltwall

<33th and 56th Floor>

<3D Modeling>

<Podium> <Module of Typ. Floor>

(2) Residential tower

< Typical Floor >

< 3D Modeling >

< Outrigger Floor >

3.2 Analysis Program
(1) Frame analysis
ETABS(CSI) ADAPT Midas GENw V.7.1.1(MIDAS)
• Frame stress analysis
• Dynamic analysis
• Eigenvalue analysis
• Member design
(2) Post-tension structure analysis
ADAPT Floor-Pro EX V3 (ADAPT Software)
• Post-tension slab analysis
• Post-tension slab design

3.3 Long-term Deflection

(1) Criteria
The reinforced concrete floor beams will designed for the following deflection limits in accordance with
Building Code of Vietnam Volume2
• Total deflection due to – span/250
(2) Check the Long-term deflection

δ = span/1150
δ = span/555

<Typ. Floor> <Podium>

 3.4 Lateral Displacement
(1) Landmark tower

300 Y-dir

X-dir
250

200
Level(m)

150

100

50

Limit = 61.5cm

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
• Wind X-Direction : δmax = 46.0cm
Displacement (cm) = h/668
• Wind Y-Direction : δmax = 10.49cm = h/2929
(2) Residential tower
• Wind X-Direction : δmax = 20.3cm = h/978
• Wind Y-Direction : δmax = 10.6cm = h/1873
• Eigenvalue analysis

1st-mode 2nd-mode 3rd-mode

6.07 sec 5.70 sec 4.67 sec

3.5 Delay Joint
The shortening between the tower and the podium after looking up the delay joint is mainly due to
creeping of concrete. This effect has been catered for the differential settlement analysis.

Delay Joint
between Tower and Podium
4. Overall Framing Plan
B2nd Floor Structural Plan
B1st Floor Structural Plan
1st Floor Structural Plan
1F Middle Floor Structural Plan
2nd Middle Structural Floor Plan 2nd Floor Structural Plan
3rd Floor StructuralPlan 3rd Middle Structural Floor Plan
4F Floor Structural Plan
5F Floor Structural Plan 5th Middle Floor Structural Plan
6th Floor Plan
6~28th Floor Structural Plan Outrigger Floor Structural Plan 29~47th Floor Structural Plan

PH Floor Structural Plan Roof Floor Structural Plan

57th Floor Structural Plan(Hotel) 58th Floor Structural Plan(Hotel) 59~677th Floor Structural Plan(Hotel)

68th Floor Structural Plan(Hotel) 69th Floor Structural Plan(Hotel) 70th Floor Structural Plan(Viewing Deck)
Roof 1FStructural Plan Roof 2FStructural Plan