Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Man-Made Disaster
1. Terrorism—use of unlawful violence or
threat to inculcate fear, intended to coerce
or to intimidate governments
2. Chemical terrorism—hazardous substances
that usually would make you sick
immediately
a. Mustard gas, cyanide, and sarin
Cause: choking, blister, blood, nerve,
riot-control agents and herbicides
Delivery of Chemical agents:
a. Nerve agents—most lethal and important
chemical weapons contain nerve agents,
which affect the transmission of impulses
through the nervous system.
ILAH REANNE S. ENRIQUEZ SEC-I DISASTER NURSING
Unit 3: Trends and Patterns of Disaster humanitarian assistance and to carry
out additional response and
Phases of Disaster
rehabilitation processes.
1. Pre-Disaster
5. Isolation
• Refers to the period before the occurrence of a
• Natural disasters on populations already
disaster,
experiencing significant health, income, and
• Disaster Risk Management (DRM) activities social disadvantage, are both more intense
implemented during this period include and longer lasting than for the general
Prevention, Mitigation, and Preparedness population
activities to eliminate or lessen the adverse • The intersection of social isolation and
impacts of hazards and related disasters
poverty for some groups often results in
• Aims to reduce the potential for human, significant risks during the immediate crisis
material, or environment losses caused by of a disaster and ongoing challenges for
hazards and to ensure that these losses are recovery
minimized when the disaster actually strikes • Implications:
• Pre-disaster recovery planning builds resilient o Social isolation—or the intersection
communities better able to withstand, respond of social and geographic
to and recover from disasters, ensuring faster disadvantage—appears to be a
rebuilding, greater community cohesion and complex contributor to vulnerability
more effective city operation in the rebuilding in disaster preparation and
phase that follows a disaster event. response.
2. Warning o Disaster risk needs to be assessed
as part of social work support for
• Early warning signifies prior to the arrival of a vulnerable people
hazard or threat—while there is still time to
reduce potential harm or loss, or prevent a 6. Rescue
disaster. • Comprises responsive operations that usually
• A warning is the message (using signs, words, involve the saving of life, or the urgent
sounds or images) that announces an treatment of injuries after accident or a
imminent danger dangerous situation
3. Social and Physical Impact 7. Remedy
• Involves large-scale disasters that bring • Involves providing direct assistance through
massive destruction and irrevocable changes measures to alleviate suffering and often by
and losses in the physical and ecosystem, providing financial assistance to people who
social, and economic domains are impacted. Remedy or relief can also
• Physical impacts involve the ability to live and include counselling and other support
work in the future under the regime of a services
changed climate.
o As extreme events affect areas, 8. Recovery
resources, and economic activities,
impacts on lives and livehoods. • Process of improving individual, family, and
• Social impacts involve increased mental health community resiliency after a disaster
issues, alcohol misuse, domestic violence, • Restoration of structures, systems, and
chronic disease, and short-term services (critical)
unemployment. Organizational Planning
4. Emergency • It is a preventative plan designed to reduce
the painful effects of a disaster
• Requires immediate action to prevent harm to
people, property, or the environment Preparedness/Personal Preparedness
• Emergencies can arise from a variety of
Below are some basis steps to make sure the
causes, such as natural disasters, accidents,
community is safe:
or medical emergencies
• EOC is the official structure that brings 1. Meet with the community, then respective
together decision-makers from many ministries families or household members
and government agencies as well as 2. Discuss how to prepare and respond to
representatives of the private sector emergencies that are most likely to happen
o To facilitate the coordination of in the area.
response efforts in all regions affected 3. Identify responsibilities for each member of
by the disaster through an efficient the stakeholders and plan to work together
complication and analysis of damages as a team
and needs, institutions inside the EOC
can effectively identify how best to
cooperate as a way to deliver
ILAH REANNE S. ENRIQUEZ SEC-I DISASTER NURSING
Training and Exercises Philippine Laws