CHUYÊN ĐỀ: CÂU GIÁN TIẾP

I. SOME CHANGES IN REPORTED SPEECH

MỘT SỐ THAY ĐỔI KHI CHUYỂN TỪ

CÂU TRỰC TIẾP SANG GIÁN TIẾP

THAY THAY
THAY
ĐỔI VỀ ĐỔI VỀ
ĐỔI VỀ
TRẠNG THÌ
NGÔI
TỪ ĐỘNG TỪ

Trực Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
tiếp
I he /she today that day am/is/are was/were
you I/we/they tonight that night was/were had been
we we/they tomorrow the next day do/does bỏ đi
the following day (trợ động từ)
me him/her yesterday the day before don’t didn’t
the previous day doesn’t
you me/us/them ago before didn’t + V hadn’t + V(p2)
us us/them now then have/has had
my his/her next … the next … V(bare) V-ed
the following … V(s/es) Vpast
your my/our/ last … the previous … V-ed had + V(p2)
their the … before Vpast
our our/their here there can could
mine his/her this that will/shall would
yours mine/ours/ these those may might
theirs
ours ours/theirs must/have to had to
II. NO CHANGE IN VERBS IN REPORTED SPEECH

KHÔNG THAY ĐỔI Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai
THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ KHI
CHUYỂN TỪ CÂU
TRỰC TIẾP SANG Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ, cũng không có thay
GIÁN TIẾP
đổi thì động từ trong những trường hợp sau

Tường Khi động Khi động Khi Câu

thuật từ trong từ trong tường điều
một sự câu trực câu trực thuật kiện
thật tiếp có tiếp có: mệnh đề loại 2
hiển các thì: used to, ước và
nhiên, quá khứ should, muốn loại 3
một tiếp diễn would, với
chân lí kết hợp could, “wish”
với quá might, và “if
khứ đơn, ought to, only”
quá khứ had
đơn với better,
quá khứ would
hoàn rather
thành, quá
khứ đơn
(đi kèm
thời gian
cụ thể)

o
 III. TYPES OF REPORTES SPEECH

ở dạng câu kể S + say(s)/said/told + (that) + S + V

Câu hỏi S + asked/wanted to know/

YES-NO wondered + if/whether + S + V
ở dạng câu
hỏi
Câu hỏi có S + asked (+O)/wanted to know/
từ để hỏi wondered + Wh-words/how + S + V
Các
loại
câu - tell/ask sb + to V: bảo/yêu cầu ai làm gì
tường - advise sb + to V: khuyên ai làm gì
Câu tường thuật - promise + to V: hứa làm gì
thuật với động từ - threaten + to V: đe doạ làm gì
theo sau bằng - warn + sb + not to V: cảnh báo không nên làm gì
động từ nguyên - invite sb + to V: mời ai làm gì
thể - remind + sb + to V: nhắc nhở ai làm gì
- encourage sb + to V: khuyến khích ai làm gì
- offer + to V: đề nghị làm gì
- agree + to V: đồng ý làm gì

- accuse sb of + V-ing: buộc tội ai vì làm gì

- admit + V-ing: thừa nhận làm gì
Câu tường - deny + V-ing: phủ nhận làm gì
thuật với động - apologize (to sb) for + V-ing: xin lỗi ai vì làm gì
- blame sb for + V-ing: đổ lỗi cho ai vì làm gì
từ theo sau
- complain (to sb) about + V-ing: phàn nàn về điều gì
bằng danh - confess to V-ing: thú nhận làm gì
động từ - congratulate sb on + V-ing: chúc mừng vì làm gì
- criticize sb for V-ing: chỉ trích vì làm gì
- insist on + V-ing: khăng khăng làm gì
- object to + V-ing: phản đối làm gì
- suggest + V-ing: gợi ý/đề nghị làm gì
- thank sb for + V-ing: cảm ơn ai vì làm gì
- warn sb against + V-ing: cảnh báo ai không nên làm gì
IV. PRACTICE EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Give the correct form of the verbs in the blankets
Question 1: The instructor warned the sportsman (not repeat)______that mistake.
Question 2: "What did you ask him that upset him so much?” “I asked him if he
(plan) ______ to get married again.”
Question 3: Having finished her presentation, the speaker asked if anyone (have)
______ any questions.
Question 4: The MP asked if the Prime Minister (be)______aware of the growing social
problems.
Question 5: He said that he (go)______abroad for a year if he (be)______me.
Question 6: John told me that when he (see)______my sister, she (talk)______ with a
handsome man.
Question 7: Peter said that if he (be)______rich he (travel)______a lot.
Question 8: I asked him whose car he (borrow)______the previous night.
Question 9: They asked me if my brother (work)______in London then.
Question 10: He asked the children (not make)______too much noise.
Question 11: The woman asked whether the children (can get)______lunch at school or not.
Question 12: James said that he (must)______take the early bus that morning.
Question 13: We asked the guide if it (be)______safe to stay in the mountains for
the night if the weather (not change)______for the better.
Question 14: Peter told me that Daisy (look)______frightened as if something terrible
(happen)______.
Question 15: My brother said that if oil (pour)______into water, it (float)______ on the water
surface.
Question 16: Laura said that when she (walk)______to school, she saw an accident.
Question 17: Julia said that she (be)______there at noon.
Question 18: My parents told that they (love)______each other since they (be)______students
at high school.
Question 19: He asked me what I (do)______after I had graduated from university.
Question 20: He (tell)______me that he is leaving that afternoon.
Question 21: They asked me how many children there (be)______in the school.
Question 22: The scientist said the earth (go)______around the sun.
Question 23: The porter said that he would wake me up when the train (arrive)______in
Leeds.
Question 24: He asked his girlfriend where she (be)______the night before.
Question 25: She said that she (bear)______in 1987 but I don’t believe. She is much younger
than her age.
Exercise 2.1: Change these following sentences into reported speech
Question 1: They said: "We are learning English now ",
=> They said______________________________________________.
Question 2: “My friend is coming next week”, Tom said.
=> Tom said______________________________________________.
Question 3: "I’ll help my mum with housework this weekend", she said.
=> She said______________________________________________.
Question 4: "You will have to finish all these exercises before next week", the teacher said to
his students.
=> The teacher said to his students__________________________________.
Question 5: "I came back here early yesterday", she said.
=> She said______________________________________________________.
Question 6: Johnny said to his mother: "I don’t know how to do this exercise."
=> Johnny said to his mother________________________________________.
Question 7: "We are waiting for the school bus", said the children.
=> The children said________________________________________________.
Question 8: Mary said: "I cannot go to the movies with you, John".
=> Mary said_____________________________________________________
Question 9: The man declared: "I shall be doing exactly the same work next Monday as I am
doing today".
=> The man declared______________________________________________.
Question 10: The woman said: "I was born in 1954 and I have been living in this small town
since I was small".
=> The woman said______________________________________________.
Question 11: "My teacher wants to have a talk with you tomorrow morning", Tom said.
=> Tom said_______________________________________________________.
Question 12: Our teacher said: "The Second World War broke out in 1939".
=> Our teacher said_________________________________________________.
Question 13: Linh said: "If my father repairs the bike now, I will ride the bike to school this
afternoon."
=> Linh said_______________________________________________________.
Question 14: "I would have passed the exam if I had tried my best", Binh said.
=> Binh said______________________________________________________.
Question 15: The young man said to her: "If you didn’t agree with me now, I wouldn’t meet
you anymore."
=> The young man said to her___________________________________________.
Question 16: "If you aren’t doing homework, what will you do next?", I said to the boy.
=> I said to the boy___________________________________________________.
Question 17: Quynh said to An: "If your father weren’t a billionaire, you could save your
money".
=> Quynh said to An_________________________________________________.
Question 18: We said to Xuan: "We won’t go camping if your family doesn’t join with us."
=> We said to Xuan____________________________________________________.
Question 19: "If my parents hadn’t given birth to me fifteen years ago, I wouldn’t have seen
the Earth", Hoang said.
=> Hoang said______________________________________________________.
Question 20: "If a stranger appeared, what would you do?", he said to his brother.
=> He said to his brother______________________________________________.
Question 21: Van said: "If I hadn’t missed the bus last morning, I couldn’t have been late at
school".
=> Van said_________________________________________________________.
Question 22: Khanh said to Thao: "If you had had breakfast, you couldn’t be hungry now".
=> Khanh said to Thao______________________________________________.
Question 23: "Leave your address with the secretary", the assistant said to me.
=> The assistant asked______________________________________________.
Question 24: "Phone to me for an answer tomorrow", the manager said to the client.
=> The manager told the client________________________________________.
Question 25: "Don't leave these books on the table, put them back on the shelf, the librarian
said to the student.
=> The librarian reminded the student_____________________________________.
Question 26: "Be a good girl and sit quietly for five minutes", the nurse said to the child.
=> The nurse told the child______________________________________________.
Question 27: "Leave your things here", my companion said to me.
=> My companion advised______________________________________________.
Question 28: "Don’t forget to send your parents my regards", she said to me.
=> She reminded______________________________________________.
Question 29: "You should join the football team, Eric", said the teacher.
=> The teacher encouraged____________________________________________
Question 30: "Remember to lock the door before you go to school", my sister said.
=> My sister reminded______________________________________________.