RSW – 01: SCHOOL DORMITORIES

I. HISTORY AND BACKGROUND

- https://themetropole.blog/2020/07/23/architectural-and-social-history-of-dormitories-a-review-of-
living-on-campus/
- https://gradguard.com/blog/student-housing-a-history/
- https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/history-college-dorms-180971457/
- https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2019/03/05/author-explores-history-dormitories-
forthcoming-book
-

II. DESIGN STANDARDS

- https://www.usg.edu/fiscal_affairs/assets/fiscal_affairs/p3_docs/Appendix_E-
Baseline_Design_Standards.pdf
- https://d3mcbia3evjswv.cloudfront.net/files/Student%20Accommodation%20Standard%20Design
%20Requirements%20-%20Rev04.pdf?e2peTE.TYIhkjW.JVX0VrArWDsdo8G6j
- https://www.scribd.com/document/357659691/Dormitory-Standards

III. PLANNING GUIDELINES (movement spaces, laws)

- https://mrc.pshs.edu.ph/images/Bids_and_Awards/Construction_of_dormitory_2_rebidding_3/
Bid_Supplement_2/Revised%20TOR%20-%20Dormitory%20Building%20II.pdf

IV. RELATED LITERATURE

Local

- https://ovcsa.upd.edu.ph/student-services/osh/
https://upd.edu.ph/students/student-accommodation/
https://bidsandawards.upm.edu.ph/sites/default/files/Floor%20Plan-3-4.pdf
https://bidsandawards.upm.edu.ph/sites/default/files/Floor%20Plan-1-2.pdf

International

- https://www.archdaily.com/931105/student-dormitory-of-hangzhou-n-high-school-qianjiang-
campus-uad/5e09b6bd3312fd767f0002f8-student-dormitory-of-hangzhou-n-high-school-qianjiang-
campus-uad-corridor?next_project=no
- https://www.archdaily.com/110467/student-dormitory-nickl-partner-architekten?
ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab

antok na ak

RSW 01 – STUDENT DORMITORIES

Introduction
Dormitory in Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

College students spend most of their time in their dorms, outside of the classroom and lab, and not just when
they are sleeping. Universities now require students to live on campus as a requirement for social engagement and as a
clear symbol of adulthood. Living with their peers gives students a chance to surround themselves with people who are
going through similar life phases as they are and form connections that will benefit both their social and academic lives.
Living on campus has various benefits and drawbacks, but the fact that it has been supported and improved upon since
the seventeenth century reinforces its importance.

Living on campus has various benefits and drawbacks, but the fact that it has been supported and improved
upon since the seventeenth century reinforces its importance. The importance of college residence over time in both
students' academic lives and social development is represented by a variety of elements and differences in both the
architectural evolution of dormitories and the integration of students.

I. HISTORY AND BACKGROUND

History and Evolution

In order to keep Native Americans apart from other students and create an area of exclusion and segregation,
the first residence hall was built at Harvard University's Indian College in 1650. The creation of a residence hall swiftly
evolved into a way of maintaining university students' adherence to religious beliefs and enforcing moral standards
because universities were increasingly sponsored by religious organizations, such as Protestants. Due to this, the
influence of dorms was focused more toward enhancing education and moral character than promoting social
interaction.

Not many pupils accepted the implication of moral standards and restrictive religious applications as their use
increased. Fraternity homes, which were founded in the middle of the nineteenth century, developed into hubs for male
bonding, socializing, and locating potential business partners. In order to steer college housing toward social
engagement and away from religious and moral practices, Greek organizations played a significant influence.

Carla Yanni

History of girls’ dormitory and boys’ dormitory

According to C. Yanni, professor of art history at Rutgers University, in which she explores these dwellings as
places crucial to the student experience and the development of campus architecture. Sadly, in the past, college
authorities had little regard for diversity on their thoughts. Dorms were where young men first met other guys their
same age. Housing rules in the 18th, 19th, and early 20th century openly encouraged racial and class inequality. The
dormitory is an intimate space, and so it is no surprise that residence halls were segregated by gender, but that intimacy
is also why dorms were segregated by race.

Example of this is the dormitory of University of Chicago, although the classrooms at the University of Chicago
were integrated from the college’s founding, in 1907, the university president forced a black Ph.D. student to move out
of a women’s dorm. The deans of women defended her right to stay, but the president insisted she move off campus.

Benefits & Objectives

As Yanni stated in her book, we frequently believe that dorms are where students learn how to get along with a
wide range of people. A student's college network can help them find employment after graduation, provide leverage
for social mobility, and influence who gets to live the American dream.
Harriet Tubman Quadrangle, a women’s dormitory, at Howard University, designed by leading African American
architect Albert Cassell, is a gem. The dean of women, Lucy Diggs Slowe

It is an excellent example of the 1920s quadrangle form. The ground floor included rooms for gracious entertaining -- a
music room, a dining hall, comfortable lounges. Although it was a women’s dormitory, the downstairs was the social hub
for the entire university. The upper floors included hallways with double rooms -- doubles not only saved money
compared to singles, but also increased each individual student’s potential for making friends.

II. DESIGN STANDARDS

General Design Guidelines

1. Site planning
- The location for new student housing should be decided only after careful review of the campus
master plan and guidance from the institution.
- Buildings, roads, parking lots, detention ponds, shall be sited to minimize the loss of trees and use as
little land area as possible.
- Roadways, sidewalks, curb cuts, stairs, and access ways shall connect the Student Housing facility
with the other parts of the campus and the Institution's roadway system as appropriate.
2. Landscaping
- Coordinate with the institution for removal of trees and protection/saving methods for tree save
areas. Local tree ordinances shall govern.
- Landscaping shall be appropriate to the climate and reflective of the landscaping on the remainder
of the campus.
 3. Utilities
-
Unless noted otherwise, all utilities shall be connected to existing public trunk lines at the right of
way and brought to the new facility. The developer is responsible for the permitting and payment of
all tap fees or impact fees.
- All utilities are required to be metered for each building.
4. Service Area
- A remote, secure trash disposal area with dumpsters (adequate for the number of persons to be
served) is required for the facility.) This disposal area shall be accessible to trucks without impeding
pedestrian traffic and shall be screened by an enclosure.

5. Security
- The design of the building and grounds must reflect the importance of student security. A
comprehensive security plan will include:
- Emergency call stations, adequate lighting levels, and open landscaping at all parking areas and
building exteriors. Emergency call boxes must match existing call boxes on Campus.

Dormitory Functional Spaces (Public Areas)

1. Main Entry - A vestibule is required at main entrance doors. The vestibule should be sized so that doors have
sufficient clearance from one another to provide accessibility for the disabled
2. Main Lobby - Flooring: Floor finishes should be durable, slip-resistant, easily cleaned materials that can
withstand water and dirt tracked into the building by occupants and visitors.
3. Elevators - A minimum of one elevator per building is required. For buildings with more than 350 occupants or
more than four stories a second elevator should be added. b. Consider locating elevators near stairs to
encourage stair use.
4. Stairs and Ramps - Stair Flooring: Floor finishes shall be durable, slip-resistant, easily cleaned materials.
5. Public toilets - Flooring: Floor finishes shall be durable, slip-resistant, easily cleaned materials that are resistant
to water permeation. Materials shall be ceramic tile, with a minimum static coefficient of friction of 0.6 at level
surfaces and 0.8 at sloped surfaces
6. Corridors - Variation in the width of long corridors is preferred for visual affect. However, wall insets or alcoves
should not exceed 6” to minimize security risks. Corridors shall not be narrower than 6’-0” in any location.
7. Study room - Flooring: Approved materials include vinyl composition tile and carpeting.
Walls: Approved materials include painted gypsum board. Base shall be 4” vinyl cove.
Ceilings: Approved materials include suspended painted gypsum board systems.
Windowsills: Approved material is solid surface in lieu of wood.

Student Living Areas

1. Student living and bedroom –

Approved finishes in study rooms and bedrooms are as follows:
i. Flooring: Approved materials include vinyl composition tile and carpeting.
ii. ii. Walls: Approved materials include painted gypsum board. Base shall be 4” vinyl cove.
iii. iii. Ceilings: Approved materials include suspended painted gypsum board systems.
iv. iv. Window Sills: Approved material is solid surface in lieu of wood. b. Electrical: All room outlets
(electrical, voice, data, CATV) shall be coordinated with proposed furniture layouts
2. Mechanical: Thermostats in each suite shall be installed with a restricted temperature range between 70 and 78
degrees.
3. Student Bathroom
Flooring: Floor finishes should be durable, slip-resistant, easily cleaned materials that are resistant to water
permeation. Approved materials include ceramic tile. Floor joints at tub, shower, and toilets must be sealed to
 prevent water intrusion due to overflows or spills in bathrooms. ii. Walls: Approved materials include “green-
board” gypsum board with gloss paint and cement board with full height tile or solid surface material at shower
areas

4. Resident Director’s Apartment a. The Resident Director’s Apartment should have its own separate entrance.
5. Storage Rooms
a. Wall construction should be of durable construction capable of resisting impact and gouging. Approved
materials include heavy gauge metal stud systems with impact resistant gypsum board or concrete masonry
units.
b. Heating: Storage rooms should have enough heating to prevent freezing of stored materials as well as any
piping that passes through the room. d. Ventilation: Materials being stored in the storage spaces dictate
ventilation requirements. e. Smoke detection should be provided within storage rooms.
6. Laundry rooms should be located so that they are visible from well-frequented areas of the building in order to
provide personal security for students using the laundry room.
7. : Elevator machine rooms shall be carefully designed with mechanical cooling systems that insure the proper
functioning of the elevator and prevent downtime due to overheating.
8. Ventilation: Mechanical equipment rooms should have ventilation provided in accordance with the Mechanical
Code and the equipment manufacturer’s installation requirements
9. Communications Room a. Terminate services for Telephone, Data, and Cable TV services in a dedicated room.
10. Windows a. Approved window types include double hung or fixed windows

oors a. Doors shall be 1 ¾” thick and 7’-0” tall minimum.

III. PLANNING STANDARDS

https://mrc.pshs.edu.ph/images/Bids_and_Awards/Construction_of_dormitory_2_rebidding_3/
Bid_Supplement_2/Revised%20TOR%20-%20Dormitory%20Building%20II.pdf

IV. RELATED LITERATURE (INTERNATIONAL)

https://ecode360.com/15588952