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1 A force is a vector quantity.

State two features of a vector quantity.

1. ..............................................................................................................................................

2. .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

2 Speed is a scalar quantity.

State one other scalar quantity.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

3 Force is a vector.

Draw a circle around two other quantities in the list which are vectors.

acceleration density energy mass

momentum power refractive index

[2]

[Total: 2]
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4 The diagram shows two forces acting on an object.

60° 30 N

20 N

Draw a scale diagram to determine the resultant force acting on the object. State the scale you
use.

scale .........................................................................................................................................

magnitude of resultant force = .................................................................................................

direction of resultant relative to the direction of the 20 N force = ............................................. [4]

[Total: 4]

5 The diagram shows a model car travelling on a flat circular track.

The speed of the car increases and at point P on the diagram the car does not stay on the track.
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(a) Suggest, in terms of the force acting on the car, why the car does not stay on the track at point
P.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) On the diagram, draw and label an arrow with the letter S to show the direction of motion of
the car as it leaves the track at point P. [1]

[Total: 2]

6 The diagram shows a model car travelling at constant speed on a flat circular track.

The speed of the car is 0.30 m / s. In one complete revolution around the track, the car travels
3.9 m.
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(a) Calculate the time taken for the car to complete one revolution around the track.

time = .............................................. [2]

(b) On the diagram, draw and label with the letter F an arrow to show the resultant force acting
on the car. [1]

[Total: 3]
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7 The diagram shows water in a river moving parallel to the river bank at 4.0 m / s and a canoe
travelling in the river.

river bank

canoe travels at 2.5 m / s

38° relative to the water
water moving at 4.0 m / s

river bank

The canoe travels at 2.5 m / s relative to the water and heads at an angle of 38° to the river bank.

Draw a scale diagram to determine the canoe’s resultant velocity and state the scale you used.

scale ..............................................

magnitude of resultant velocity ..............................................

direction of resultant velocity (angle from the river bank) .............................................. [4]

[Total: 4]

8 A rock climber, of total mass 62 kg, holds herself in horizontal equilibrium against a vertical cliff.
She pulls on a rope that is fixed at the top of the cliff and presses her feet against the cliff.
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The diagram shows her position.

rope

cliff

0.90 m

60°

rock climber
1.2 m
centre of mass
(not to scale)

(a) The climber’s centre of mass is 0.90 m from the cliff.

Calculate the moment about her feet due to her weight.

moment = ..................................................... [2]

(b) The line of the rope meets the horizontal line through her centre of mass at a distance of 1.2 m
from the cliff, as shown in the diagram. The rope is at an angle of 60° to the horizontal.

Determine the tension in the rope.

tension = ...................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

9 The diagram shows a uniform rod of wood suspended from a pivot.

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(not to scale)

The rod is held stationary by a horizontal force F acting as shown.

The mass of the rod is 0.080 kg.

(a) Calculate the weight W of the rod.

weight = .............................................. [1]

(b) Calculate the moment of W about the pivot.

moment = .............................................. [2]

(c) Calculate the moment of F about the pivot.

moment = .............................................. [1]

(d) Calculate the force F.

force = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 6]
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10 The diagram shows a uniform rod of wood suspended from a pivot.

(not to scale)

The rod is held stationary by a horizontal force F acting as shown.

The angle between the rod and the vertical is increased.

State whether the force F needed to hold the rod stationary must be increased, decreased or stay
the same.
Explain your answer.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

11 A bus is travelling along a straight road. The bus and the driver have a combined mass of 16 000 kg
when there are no passengers in it. The bus has 73 passengers. The average mass of each of the
passengers is 65 kg.

(a) Calculate the total mass of the bus, the driver and the 73 passengers.

mass = .............................................. [2]

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(b) The fully loaded bus accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 14 m / s. The time taken to
reach a speed of 14 m / s is 20 s.

Calculate the resultant force on the bus during the acceleration.

force = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 4]
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12 An aeroplane of mass 2.5 × 10 kg lands with a speed of 62 m / s, on a horizontal runway
at time t = 0. The aeroplane decelerates uniformly as it travels along the runway in a straight line
until it reaches a speed of 6.0 m / s at t = 35 s.

(a) Calculate the deceleration of the aeroplane in the 35 s after it lands.

deceleration = .............................................. [2]

(b) Calculate the resultant force acting on the aeroplane as it decelerates.

force = .............................................. [2]

(c) Calculate the momentum of the aeroplane when its speed is 6.0 m / s.

momentum = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 6]

13 The diagram shows a uniform metre rule PQ in equilibrium.

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The distance PQ is 100 cm. The mass of the metre rule is 0.12 kg and its weight is W.

(a) On the diagram, draw and label:

1. an arrow to show the force W acting on PQ at the centre of mass

2. an arrow to show the force R acting on PQ at the pivot.

[2]

(b) By taking moments about the pivot, calculate F.

F = .............................................. [4]

(c) Calculate R.

R = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 8]

14 A car accelerates from rest at time t = 0 to its maximum speed.

The graph is the speed-time graph for the first 25 s of its motion.
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The mass of the car is 2300 kg.

(a) For the time between t = 0 and t = 5.0 s, determine the acceleration of the car.

acceleration = .............................................. [2]

(b) For the time between t = 0 and t = 5.0, determine the resultant force acting on the car.

resultant force = .............................................. [2]

[Total: 4]