L4 LaSoliKatrilyaGunita

1.
Relate the application of Kartilya ng

Katipunan to present time
2. Analyze the works and writings of the
authors as primary source of the events.
3. Evaluate arguments of Emilio
Aguinaldo’s Gunita ng Himagsikan as a
primary source.
Cadiz
Constitution
• Drafted by the Cadiz Cortes
as resistance to Napoleon's
invasion
• First liberal constitution in
Spain
• Limited the power of the
Spanish King
• Granted representation to
colonies
Spanish
Empire in the
19th Century
• American colonies lost
• Tension between liberalism
and conservatism
• It did not help that the
Spanish King decided to
pass on the Spanish Empire
to his daughter instead of his
brother
• Monarchy vs Republic
 La Solidaridad was established to express the goal of
reform Movement towards achieving assimilation with
Spain.
 The social, cultural and economic conditions of the
colonial Philippines was published here.
 Speeches of the Spanish liberals about the Philippines was
also featured in the newspaper.
 Came out once every two
• The Solidaridad’s first editor was
weeks. Graciano Lopez Jaena.
 The first issue saw print on
February 15, 1889 • Marcelo H. del Pilar took over in
 The last issue was October 1889. Del Pilar managed
published on November the Soli until it stopped
publication due to lack of funds.
15, 1895.
Some of our Writers Pen Names
heroes used pen 1. Jose Maria Panganiban Jomapa
names when 2. Antonio Luna Taga ilog
they wrote their 3. Jose Rizal Laong-laan, Dimasalang
articles. This is 4. Emilio Jacinto Pingkian,Dimasilaw, Dimas -alam
to prevent
5. Mariano Ponce Kalipulako, Naning,Tikbalang
persecution for
6. Graciano Lopez Jaena Diego Laura
freely
expressing their 7. Andres Bonifacio Agapito Bagumbayan
grievances 8. Marcelo H. Del Pilar Plaridel, Dolores Manapat
against the 9. Juan Luna Buan (Moon)
Spanish colony. 10. Apolinario Mabini Bini
Jose Rizal Marcelo H. del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena
Jose Rizal
• Physician and novelist
• Pen name: Dimasalang and Laong Laan
• Works: Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
Marcelo H. del Pilar

• Lawyer and journalist
• Pen name: Plaridel
Graciano Lopez Jaena

• Publisher of La solidaridad
• Works: "Fray Botod," "Esperanza," and "La Hija del
Fraile,"
At the age of 18 Graciano
Lopez Jaena wrote the
satirical story Fray Botod
which depicted a fat and
lecherous friar.
Although the story was not
published, a copy circulated
in Iloilo and this made the
friars so furious.
Title: The Christian Virgins
Exposed to the Rabble
 The work of Felix Resurrection
Hidalgo who is acknowledge as
one of the Great Filipino
Painters.
 It is said to be depicting the
wrong doings of the Friars
(Dominicans, Franciscans
,Augustinians) who were hiding
their horrible personalities
behind their robes.
Title: Spoliarium by Juan Luna
 The painting was submitted to
the Exposición Nacional de
Bellas Artes in 1884 in Madrid,
where it garnered the first gold
medal.
 These and the other works
helped aroused the nationalistic
sentiments of the Filipinos
inspiring them to fight the
oppression of the Spaniards.
The Propaganda
Movement never asked for
 Recognition of the Philippines as a province of Philippine independence
at first because its
Spain members believed that
once Spain realized the
 Equal status for both Filipinos and Spaniards
pitiful state of the country,
 Restoration of Philippine representation in the the Spaniards would
implement the changes
Spanish Cortes the Filipinos were seeking.
 Secularization of Philippine parishes.
But, Spain refused, so the
 Secularization: Transfer of Parishes to Propagandists began
Diocesan Clergy entertaining the idea of
independence.
 Recognition of human rights
The propaganda movement fueled the
emergence of much stronger resistance against
the Spaniards, revolutions. Spearheaded by
Andres Bonifacio founding the KKK or the
Katipunan from his faction of Rizal's Liga.
•
KKK
K a ta a s ta a s a n , K a g a la n g g a la n g a n g ,
K a tip u n a n n g m g a A n a k n g B a y a n
• F o u n d e d b y fo rm e r m e m b e rs o f L a L ig a
F ilip in a
• A n o rg a n iz a tio n th a t e n v is io n e d a u n ite d
F ilip in o n a tio n th a t w o u ld re v o lt a g a in s t th e
S p a n ia rd s fo r to ta l in d e p e n d e n c e o f th e
c o u n try fro m S p a in .
• T h e y w a n te d th is n a tio n to b e a lib e ra l
re p u b lic ( H a rin g B a y a n g K a ta g a lu g a n )
KATIPUNERO
PROFILE
• A c c o rd in g to Jim Ric h a rd s o n , m o s t
K a tip u n e ro s we re m id d le -c la s s wh ite -
c o lla r wo rke rs (B a s e d o n Ma s a n g ka y 's
a c c o u n t).
• T h is m e a n t th a t th e K a tip u n a n 's
Re v o lu tio n wa s a b o u rg e o is d e m o c ra tic
re v o lu tio n , NOT a Re v o lt o f th e Ma s s e s
• T o b e fa ir, A g o n c illo d id n o t h a v e a c c e s s
to th e s o u rc e s Ric h a rd s o n h a d
Andres Bonifacio believed that a
revolution is the only remedy to gain
independence from Spain.
With the execution of Jose Rizal in
Bagumbayan now Luneta, the KKK
gained more supporters and so the
fight of the Filipinos continued with
the use of arms now known in history
as the Philippine Revolution.
 Emilio Jacinto was known as the “Brains of
the Katipunan” (Agoncillo, 1993).
 According to Bonifacio he is the “eye and
soul” of the Katipunan.
 He obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in
Colegio de San Juan de Letran. He took law
at the University of Santo Tomas but his
studies was interrupted by the revolution.
 Jacinto was classmates with Manuel Quezon,
Sergio Osmena and Juan Sumulong in UST Law
 His pen names are Pingkian (Inflamable),
Dimas-Alam and Dimas-Ilaw
Nagsilbi sa iba’t-ibang kapasidad
si Jacinto sa samahan:
• Kanang-kamay at tagapayo ni
Bonifacio
• Kalihim ng Kilusan
• Direktor aklatan at limbagan ng
Katipunan
• Patnugot ng pahayagang
“Kalayaan”
• Heneral ng Rebolusyon
In one battle at Majayjay,
Laguna on 1898, he was
wounded in his legs and
after it healed, he went
into the battlefield again.
Unfortunately, he caught
malaria and died at the
age of 24 on April 16,
1899.
 His remains was first buried in Sta.
Cruz, Laguna. After several years, it
was transferred to Manila North
Cemetery.
 He was married to Catalina de Jesus
who was pregnant when he died.
 In 1970, the remains of Jacinto was
transferred again in Himlayang
Pilipino Memorial Park in Quezon City.
A statue of Jacinto riding in a horse in
the form of revolution could be found
in the shrine.
 a. Spending life for a cause  h. fighting the oppressors
 b. Kindness  i. wise use of word & keeping secret
 c. Holiness  j. father as guide of the family
 d. Equality of Man  k. respect for women
 e. Honor  l. Golden Rule
 f. Word of Honor  m. the true worth of a man
 g. Wise spending of time
Paglalahad at Pagsusuri nang Mahahalagang
Impormasyong Pagkasaysayan na
Matatagpuan sa Dokumento
An independent scholar whose research focuses on Philippine
nationalism and radicalism in the 19 and 20 centuries th th
• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

[translation by Gregorio Nieva, 1918], http://www.philippinemasonry.org/kartilya-ng-katipunan.html
1. “Ang kabuhayang hindi ginugugol sa isang malaki at banal na

kadahilanan ay kahoy na walang lilim, kundi damong makamandag.”
The life that is not consecrated to a lofty and reasonable purpose is

a tree without a shade, if not a poisonous weed.”
th th
nationalism and radicalism in the 19 and 20 centuries
2. “To do good for personal gain and not for its own sake is not
virtue. ”
“Ang gawang magaling na nagbubuhat sa pagpipitas sa sarili, at

hindi sa talagang nasang gumawa ng kagalingan, ay di kabaitan.”
th th
3. “It is rational to be charitable and love one's fellow creature, and

to adjust one's conduct, acts and words to what is in itself
reasonable. ”
“Ang tunay na kabanalan ay ang pagkakawanggawa, ang pag-ibig
sa kapua at ang isukat ang bawat kilos, gawa’t pangungusap sa
talagang Katuiran.”
th th
4. “Whether our skin be black or white, we are all born equal:

superiority in knowledge, wealth and beauty are to be understood,
but not superiority by nature. ”
“Maitim man at maputi ang kulay ng balat, lahat ng tao’y

magkakapantay; mangyayaring ang isa’y higtan sa dunong, sa
yaman, sa ganda…; ngunit di mahihigtan sa pagkatao. ”
th th
5. “The honorable man prefers honor to personal gain; the

scoundrel, gain to honor. ”
“Ang may mataas na kalooban inuuna ang puri sa pagpipitas sa

sarili; ang may hamak na kalooban inuuna ang pagpipitas sa sarili
sa puri. ”
th th
6. “To the honorable man, his word is sacred. ”
“Sa taong may hiya, salita’y panunumpa. ”

th th
7. “Do not waste thy time: wealth can be recovered but not time
lost. ”
“Huag mong sasayangin ang panahun; ang yamang nawala’y

magyayaring magbalik; nguni’t panahong nagdaanna’y di na muli
pang magdadaan.”
th th
8. “Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor before the law or
in the field. ”
“Ipagtanggol mo ang inaapi, at kabakahin ang umaapi. ”

th th
9. “The prudent man is sparing in words and faithful in keeping

secrets. ”
“Ang taong matalino’y ang may pagiingat sa bawat sasabihin, at

matutong ipaglihim ang dapat ipaglihim. ”
th th

10. “On the thorny path of life, man is the guide of woman and the
children, and if the guide leads to the precipice, those whom he
guides will also go there. ”
“Sa daang matinik ng kabuhayan, lalaki ay siyang patnugot ng

asawa’t mga anak; kung ang umaakay ay tungo sa sama, ang
patutunguhan ng iaakay ay kasamaan din. ”
th th

11. “Thou must not look upon woman as a mere plaything, but as a faithful
companion who will share with thee the penalties of life; her (physical)
weakness will increase thy interest in her and she will remind thee of the
mother who bore thee and reared thee. ”
“Ang babai ay huag mong tignan ng isang bagay na libangan lamang, kundi
isang katuang at karamay sa mga kahirapan nitong kabuhayan; gamitan mo
ng buong pagpipitagan ang kaniyang kahinaan, at alalahanin ang inang
pinagbuhata’t nagiwi sa iyong kasangulan. ”
th th
12. “What thou dost not desire done unto thy wife, children,
brothers and sisters, that do not unto the wife, children, brothers
and sisters of thy neighbor. ”
“Ang di mo ibig na gawin sa asawa mo, anak at kapatid, ay huag
mong gagawin sa asawa, anak, at kapatid ng iba. ”
nationalism and radicalism in the 19 and 20 centuries th th

13. “Man is not worth more because he is a king, because his nose is aquiline, and his color white, not because
he is a *priest, a servant of God, nor because of the high prerogative that he enjoys upon earth, but he is
worth most who is a man of proven and real value, who does good, keeps his words, is worthy and honest; he
who does not oppress nor consent to being oppressed, he who loves and cherishes his fatherland, though he
be born in the wilderness and know no tongue but his own. ”
“Ang kamahalan ng tao’y wala sa pagkahari, wala sa tangus ng ilong at puti ng mukha,
wala sa pagkaparing kahalili ng Dios wala sa mataas na kalagayan sa balat ng lupa; wagas
at tunay na mahal na tao, kahit laking-gubat at walang nababatid kundi angsarilingwika,
yaong may magandang asal, may isang pangungusap, may dangal at puri; yaong di
napaaapi’t di nakikiapi; yaong marunongmagdamdam at marunong lumingap sa bayang
tinubuan. ”
Photo from: maisonmagloyuan.blogspot.com
[MARCH 22, 1869-FEBRUARY 6, 1964]
 Aguinaldo says the memoirs were based on a
diary he kept, documents he preserved, and
family lore gathered from his elders. It also
provided an account from his birthday, his early

years, up to 1897 Treaty of Biak na Bato.
 The second volume is about resumption of the
Philippine Revolution against Spain and the
Philippine-American War. With this, Aguinaldo
wanted to correct history by making reference
to the historian’s confused accounts on the
beginning of the Revolution.
MAGDIWANG MAGDALO
Uring “Maka-Hari” Uring “Republikano”
Mahilig sa maganda at Hango sa patrona ng
marangyang pangalan Cavite el Viejo na
Taong 1896-1897 “dadalo sa
miminsan lang pangangailangan ng
napaharap sa labanan Inang Bayan”
at iisang malaking Halos araw-araw ay
labanan lang ang may hinaharap na
napagtagumpayan labanan at lagging
maligalig
The rivalry in the Katipunan which later on
evolved to Revolutionary Government was
much mention in this document.
According to Aguinaldo , there is a very big
difference on how they treat the war. Calling
the group of Bonifacio to be more into merry
making than fighting the war.
 In his book Gunita, Emilio Aguinaldo
gave us an account on how the election
happened in the Tejeros as reported to
him.
 He further said that winning against the
“Haring Bayan “who was Andres
Bonifacio resulted to him being elected
as the President of the New
Revolutionary Government despite his
absence in the said meeting.
 To be fair to Aguinaldo, he did not cheat
because he was not even present.
Tejeros Convention
Emilio Aguinaldo – President

Andres Bonifacio – Director of the Interior
Before the election, all present agreed to respect the results (In fact, all who
won, save Aguinaldo, were Magdiwang)
According to Glenn Anthony May (Warfare by Pulong) Tejeros resembled a
municipal election (which explains why Bonifacio lost, seeing as he was an
outsider)
Daniel Tirona questioned Bonifacio’s educational qualification for the position,
as he claimed it needs to be occupied by a person with lawyer’s diploma.
Tejeros
Convention
Although nobody seconded the protest, according to
Aguinaldo, Bonifacio was really furious and soon
declared
"I, as chairman of this assembly and as President of
the Supreme Council of the Katipunan, as all of you
do not deny, declare this assembly dissolved, and I
annul all that has been approved and resolved."
EXECUTION OF THE BONIFACIO BROTHERS
• After the council of war convened,
composed of seven Kagawads, led by
Hen. Mariano Noriel, the Bonifacio
brothers were found guilty(traicion,
sedicion, and rebellion)
• Sentenced to death
• Aguinaldo became the Pangulong Hukbo
& Pangulong Pamahalaan Manghihimagsik
Bonifacio’s Execution
When Aguinaldo received
charges that Bonifacio was
planning to overthrow the
revolutionary government, he
ordered his arrest.
The government of Aguinaldo
created a court martial to try the
Bonifacio brothers and some of
his soldiers, on a charge of
Sedition - conduct or speech inciting people to
rebel against the authority of a state or monarch.
sedition.
Bonifacio’s Execution
• Aguinaldo asked council of war
to lower their sentence from
execution to exile
• However, Baldomero Aguinaldo
and Pio Del Pilar advised the
president that it was not a
good idea
• May 10 1897- Komandante L.
Macapagal led the two brothers
to Mt. Tala where they were
shot
• Gave an eyewitness account of how these events really
happened
• Proved the rumor that Aguinaldo ordered to execute
Bonifacio false
• Allows us to see a different perspective from
Aguinaldo’s insight since people mostly view him
negatively
• We aren’t always the kind of people who can’t find
back
• Helped historians in terms of what governmental
system they tried having back then
• Aguinaldo set an example of what the leaders of
the nation should be like
• The Account of the Tejeros Convention helps us
understand the parochiality of Filipino politics
• It was a mistake for Bonifacio to go to Cavite
because he was seen as an outsider
• Sometimes, people have to fall to rise back up
again
• The people willingly followed Aguinaldo, without
him telling them to come along; reflects on
today’s citizens
1. What are the morals we could pick up
from the topics?
2. What is your favorite among the topics
discussed?
3. What did you realize upon realizing the
truth and contribution of this writing to our
history and at present?

L4 LaSoliKatrilyaGunita

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1.

Relate the application of Kartilya ng

Marcelo H. del Pilar

Graciano Lopez Jaena

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

1. “Ang kabuhayang hindi ginugugol sa isang malaki at banal na

The life that is not consecrated to a lofty and reasonable purpose is

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

“Ang gawang magaling na nagbubuhat sa pagpipitas sa sarili, at

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

3. “It is rational to be charitable and love one's fellow creature, and

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

4. “Whether our skin be black or white, we are all born equal:

“Maitim man at maputi ang kulay ng balat, lahat ng tao’y

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

5. “The honorable man prefers honor to personal gain; the

“Ang may mataas na kalooban inuuna ang puri sa pagpipitas sa

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

6. “To the honorable man, his word is sacred. ”

“Sa taong may hiya, salita’y panunumpa. ”

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

“Huag mong sasayangin ang panahun; ang yamang nawala’y

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

“Ipagtanggol mo ang inaapi, at kabakahin ang umaapi. ”

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

9. “The prudent man is sparing in words and faithful in keeping

“Ang taong matalino’y ang may pagiingat sa bawat sasabihin, at

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

“Sa daang matinik ng kabuhayan, lalaki ay siyang patnugot ng

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

• MGA ARAL NG KATIPUNAN

Photo from: maisonmagloyuan.blogspot.com

Emilio Aguinaldo – President

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