Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter -3
Feed Back and Its Properties
Prepared by : Zina G.
(M.Sc. in Mechanical System Design)
3. Feed Back and its Properties
Feed back Control Systems
• Have the possibilities of being adopted to perform their
assigned tasks automatically.
Input + e Process Output
a) Block Diagram E(s)
R(s) - G(s) C(s)
Sensor
Feed back H(s)
-1
H(s)
The system is driven by two signals
1. Input Signal
2. Feed back Signal (Derived from the output and helps the system
for self correcting mechanism)
Feedback (FB) system is a self correcting mechanism. 2
3.1. Types of feedback
i. -ve feedback (Degenerative Feedback): when the signal
which is feedback is going to be subtracted from the
reference value at the comparison element. (Necessary
for control to be achieved)
ii. +ve feedback (Regenerative Feedback): when the signal
feedback is going to be added to the reference value at
the comparison element.
4
• Sensitivity due to variation in G is calculated by:
T / T % change in T(s)
S T
G / G
G
% change in G(s)
T G G
S T
. G . 1
G T G
G
G
Conclusion:
The sensitivity of a closed-loop system w.r.t variation in G is
reduced by a factor 1+GH as compared to that of an open-
loop system. 5
• Sensitivity w.r.t H(s) of a closed-loop system is given as:
T H G H
S T
. .
H T H 1 GH
H
T
G.G H ( 1 GH ) GH
2
.
( 1 GH ) G 1 GH
R(s) -1
1 E(s) G1(s) G2(s) C(s) 1 C(s)
-1
H(s)
-H2(s) H1(s)
1
N(s)
H(s)
C( s ) G( s )
T( s )
R( s ) 1 GH( s )
9
Importance
Regenerative feedback is sometimes used for increasing
the loop gain of feedback system as follows.
G( s )
R(s) E(s) 1 G(s)
C(s) C(s) R(s) E(s) 1 G f ( s )C(s) C(s)
=
1 1
Gf(s) -1 H(s)
-1 H(s)
Inner loop- regenerative feedback