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GRAVITATION
MCQ- Single Correct Type (+3, 1)
1. Six stars of equal mass are moving about the centre of mass of the system such that they are
always on the vertices of a regular hexagon of side length a. Their common time period will be
a3 4 3a3
(A) 4 (B) 2
Gm 
Gm 5 3  4 
3a3
(C) 4 (D) None of these
Gm
2. A uniform thin rod of mass m and length R is placed normally on M
surface of earth as shown. The mass of earth is M and its radius is R.
Then the magnitude of gravitational force exerted by earth on the rod m
is: R
GMm GMm
(A) 2
(B) R
2R 4R 2
4GMm GMm
(C) (D)
9R2 8R2

3. A thin tunnel is dug along the chord of earth at a distance R/2 from the
centre of the earth. A tube fully filled with liquid fixed along the tunnel. P
One end of the tube is at centre of the tunnel have cross-sectional area Q
A1 whereas other end of the tube is at the surface of the earth of cross R/2
section area A2 (A1A2). The initial efflux velocity of the liquid at point P
will be
3 3
(A) gR (B) gR
4 8
7 7
(C) gR (D)
gR
2 4
4.  
The gravitational field in a region is given by E = 2iˆ  3ˆj N/kg. The equation of the line on which
no work is done by the gravitational when the particle is moved
(A) 2y + 3x = 5 (B) 5y + 2x = 3
(C) 3y + 2x = 5 (D) 3y + 5x = 2
5. Four point masses are moving in a circular path around a stationary m
identical mass due to gravitational forces. Choose the correct
alternative
R
(A) magnitude of gravitational field intensity at position of any of the m m
m

Gm  5  2 2 
four revolving masses is 2  
R  4  m
(B) magnitude of gravitational field intensity at position of any of the four revolving masses is
Gm  5  2 2 
 
R2  4 
5 Gm
(C) orbital velocity of any of the mass is
4 R
Gm
(D) orbital velocity of any of the mass is
R

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6. The distance from the surface of the earth at which the acceleration due to gravity is the same
below and above the surface of the earth.
 5  1
(A) 
5  1 Re  (B)   Re
 2 
 5  1 Re 
(C)
2
(D)  
5  1 Re

7. The variation of gravitational intensity g for a uniform solid sphere of mass M and radius R is
given by
(A) g (B) g

r r
O r=R O r=R
(C) g (D) g

r r
O r=R O r=R

8. The escape velocity for a planet is v e  6 km/s. A particle starts from rest at a large distance
from the planet under the gravitational attraction of the planet and passes through a smooth
tunnel dug along one of its diameters. The speed of the particle at the centre of planet will be (in
km/sec)
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4

9. A thin hemispherical shell of mass M and radius ‘R’ is placed as P

shown in the figure. The magnitude of gravitational field at ‘P’ due to
3R
thin hemispherical shell is I0. The magnitude of gravitational field at
‘Q’ due to thin hemispherical shell is given by
(A) I0/2
(B) I0
2GM R
(C)  I0
9R2 3R
2GM
(D)  I0
9R2 Q

10. A particle of mass equal to mass of the earth is projected by an external agency so that there is
no recoil in earth when particle is projected. In this case escape velocity of the particle will be, (g
is acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the earth and Re = radius and earth.)
(A) 4gRe (B) 2gRe
(C) 3gRe (D) gRe

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11. A satellite is in a circular orbit very close to the surface of a planet with speed v 0. At some point it
is given an impulse along its direction of motion, causing its velocity to increase  times (that is,
its speed becomes v 0). It now goes into an elliptical orbit. The maximum possible value of  for
satellite to move in the elliptical orbit is:
(A) 2 (B) 2
1
(C) 2 + 1 (D)
2 1

12. With what minimum speed should m be projected from point C in the presence of two fixed
masses M each at A and B as shown in the figure such that mass m should escape the
gravitational attraction of A and B
2GM 2 2GM
(A) (B)
R R
GM GM
(C) 2 (D) 2 2
R R

13. A particle of mass equal to mass of the earth is projected by an external agency so that there is
no recoil in earth when particle is projected. In this case escape velocity of the particle will be, (g
is acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the earth and Re = radius and earth.)
(A) 4gRe (B) 2gRe
(C) 3gRe (D) gR e

14. A spherical planet (considering it to be hollow sphere) of radius R breaks in two identical parts
and two parts are separated by large distance. Mass of one such part is M. The escape velocity
required at centre of one such part is
GM 2GM
(A) (B)
R R
GM
(C) (D) None of these
2R

15. A satellite goes along an elliptical path around earth. The tangential velocity of the satellite about
the earth is proportional to:
(A) r (B) r2
1/2 -1
(C) r (D) r .

16. A certain quaternary star system consist of three star, each of mass ‘m’ moving in same circular
orbit of radius ‘r’ about a central star of mass ‘M’. The stars orbit in same sense and are
positioned one-third of circumference apart from one another. The period of revolution of each
star will be
r3 r3
(A) 2 (B) 2
 m  G M  m
GM  
 3
r3 r3
(C) 2 (D) 2
G  M  3m  GM

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17. The radius of a planet is n times the radius of earth, R. A satellite revolves around it in a circle of
radius 4nR with angular velocity . The acceleration due to gravity on planet’s surface is
2 2
(A) R (B) 16 R
2
(C) 32 nR (D) 64 nR2.

18. A particle is projected from the surface of the earth (of radius Re
GMe
and mass Me) with speed equal to , at certain angle from
Re 
local horizontal as shown in the figure such that the angle Re
subtended by arc between launching & landing site at earth’s
centre is  = 90. Calculate the maximum separation of the particle from the centre of the earth.
Consider earth to be uniformly dense and air resistance to be absent.
(A) Re2 (B) Re(2+1)

(C) Re
 2 1  (D) Re
 2 1 
2  2  1

19. Consider a long hypothetical cylindrical planet of radius R

and uniform density . If a satellite revolves around the 2R R
planet in circular orbit of radius 2R in a plane
perpendicular to the axis of the planet, find the orbital
speed of the satellite. (G is gravitational constant)
(A) R 2G (B) R 3G
(C) R 2G (D) R G

20. A sphere of mass M and radius b has a concentric cavity of radius a

as shown in figure. The graph showing variation of gravitational
potential V with distance r from the center of sphere is
a
b

(A) V (B) V

b a b
r r

(C) V (D) V

b a b
r r

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21. Mass of solid sphere is M and radius R, the particle is released from
rest as shown in the figure, and surface of tunnel is frictionless. Then M
velocity of particle when it comes at point P is
m C R
GM GM
(A) (B) 2 R/2
2R R
3 GM GM P
(C) (D)
4 R R

22. A solid sphere of mass M and radius R is fixed in free space, the
particle is released from the surface of sphere which is initially in rest M
as shown in the figure and surface of tunnel is frictionless. Then
velocity of particle when it comes at point P in the tunnel m C R
GM GM R/2
(A) (B) 2
2R R P
3 GM GM
(C) (D)
4 R R

23. A planet moves around Sun in an elliptical orbit of eccentricity e. The ratio
Va
of the velocity at perigee Vp and at apogee Va is given by Sun
V 1 e V 1 e
(A) P  (B) P  VP
Va 1  e Va 1  e
VP 1 e VP 1 e
(C)  (D) 
Va 1 e Va 1 e

24. A planet of density  is rotating with time period T about its own axis. Find the smallest possible
time of revolution of the planet, such that a particle is remaining in contact with the planet on the
 3 
equator.   4  106 S.I. units 
 G 
(A) 2000 sec (B) 1000 sec
(C) 30000 sec (D) 4000 sec

MCQ- Multi Correct Type (+4, 2) with partial marking

25. A hemispherical shell of mass 2M and radius 6R and a point y

mass M are performing circular motion due to their mutual
gravitational interaction. Their positions are shown in figure at
any moment of time during motion. If r1 and r2 are the radii of
circular path of hemispherical shell and point mass respectively
O
and 1 and 2 are the angular speeds of hemi-spherical shell M
x
and point mass respectively, then choose the correct
statement(s). z

r1 2 r1 1
(A)  (B) 
r2 1 r2 2
GM GM
(C) 1  3
(D) 2 
72R 72R3

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26. Two point masses, each of mass M are kept at rest at points A and B respectively. A third point m
is released from infinity with a negligible speed, so that it can move along y-axis under the
influence of mutual gravitational attraction on it due to point masses kept at A and B respectively
as shown in the figure -1. Figure 2 represents the potential energy of system (includes m, M at A
and M at B) with position of m at y-axis. (Neglect any other forces other than gravity) (given
2
Gm /d = 12 Joule(m = 6 kg). Choose the correct option(s)
y U

C m

A B
M = 2m M = 2m x y
d d U1

U0
(A) Point mass m will perform periodic motion (B) U1 = 24 Joule
(C) Maximum speed of particle is 24 m/s (D) Maximum speed of particle is 4 m/s

27. Inside a uniform sphere of mass M and radius R, a cavity of radius R/3 is A
made in the sphere as shown.
(A) Gravitational field inside the cavity is uniform.
(B) Gravitational field inside the cavity is non–uniform. R
88GM
(C) The escape velocity of a particle projected from point A is . B
45R
(D) Escape velocity is defined for earth and particle system only. R/3
C

28. A double star is system of two stars moving around the centre of mass of the system due to
gravitation. If mass of one star is twice of other and total mass of stars is 3m and time period of
revolution is T, then
1/3
 2
 T  
(A) the separation between stars is 3Gm   
  2  
(B) the magnitude of velocity of both stars is same.
(C) the magnitude of angular velocity of both stars about centre of mass is same.
Gm2
(D) total energy of given binary star system is  . Where ‘r’ is separation between the stars.
r

29. Inside a uniform sphere of mass M and radius R, a cavity of radius A

R/3 is made in the sphere as shown.
(A) Gravitational field inside the cavity is uniform.
(B) Gravitational field inside the cavity is non–uniform. R
(C) The escape velocity of a particle projected from point A is
88GM B
.
45R R/3
(D) Escape velocity is defined for earth and particle system only. C

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gRe
30. A body is thrown from the surface of earth with velocity at some angle from the vertical. If
2
Re
the maximum height reached by the body is . Then choose the correct option(s) (Re = Radius
4
of earth)
 5
(A) the angle of projection from the vertical is sin1  
 4 
gRe
(B) the velocity of the body at maximum height is v 
10
 5
(C) the angle of projection from the vertical is sin1  
 6 
(B) the velocity of the body at maximum height is zero.

31. Two objects of mass m and 4 m are at rest at an infinite separation. They move towards each
other under mutual attraction. If G is the universal gravitational constant. Then at separation r.
(A) The sum of energy of the two objects is negative.
1/ 2
 10Gm 
(B) Their relative velocity of approach is   in magnitude
 r 
4Gm2
(C) The sum of kinetic energy of the objects is .
r
(D) The sum of angular momenta of both the objects is zero about any point.

32. Consider two solid spherical asteroid of uniform density of P P

mass M and radius R. In one asteroid a tunnel of very small R/2
size of depth R is bored to the centre and in other asteroid a R
spherical cavity of radius R/2 is made as shown in the figure.
Now, identical particles of mass m dropped into the cavities of R R
both asteroids from the top most point P. If force experienced
by particle is FI and FII respectively in cavities of asteroids I
and II, when they are x distance away from the centre of Asteroid  I Asteroid  II
asteroids. If the time taken by particles to reach the centre of
asteroids is TI and TII respectively then
(A) the ratio of FI/FII is equal to 2x/R (B) the ratio of FI/FII is equal to x/R
(C) the ratio of TI/TII is equal to /4 (D) the ratio of TI/TII is equal to /2

33. A particle is revolving around the earth (to be consider as a fixed and rigid solid sphere of mass M
and radius R) in an orbit of radius 2R. If the particle (whose magnitude of momentum is P) is
given an extra momentum 3 P in two ways. Way (i) radial outward and way (ii) radial inward
then the closest distance of the particle from the centre of the earth is observed to be r1 and r2
respectively. Then choose the correct relation(s) out of the following:
(A) r1 = r2 (B) r1 = 2r2
(C) r2 = 3 R (D) r2 = R

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Comprehension Type (+3, 1)

Comprehension-1

Supernova refers to the explosion of a massive star. The material in the central case of such a star
continues to collapse under its own gravitational pull. If mass of the core is less than 1.4 times the mass
of sun, its collapse finally results in a white dwarf star. However, if the core has a mass greater than this,
it could end up soon as a neutron star and if its mass is more than about three solar masses, the collapse
may still continue till the star becomes a very small object with an extremely high value of density called a
‘Black hole’. Escape speed for a black hole is very large. The figure shows a block hole of radius R and
another concentric sphere of radius RS, called the ‘Schwarzschild Radius’. It is the critical radius at which
escape speed equals the speed of light c. Nothing even the light, can escape from within the sphere of
Radius RS. So light from a black hole cannot escape and hence the terminology ‘black hole’.
There has been astronomical evidence of a small and massive object at the centre of
our galaxy the ‘Milky way’. Suppose that there is a particle at a distance about 6 light R
5 Rs
years that orbits this massive object with an orbital speed of about 2  10 m/s. Use the
given data wherever necessary and answer the questions that follow.
G = 6.67  1011 N  m2/kg2, Solar mass M = 2  1030 kg, C = 3  108 m/s, 1 light year =
15
9.5  10 m.

34. Mass (in kg) of the massive object at the centre of the milky way galaxy is of the order.
(A) 1032 (B) 1037
43
(C) 10 (D) 1029

35. Theories suggest that it is not possible for a single star to have a mass of more than 50 solar
masses. The massive object at the centre of milky way galaxy is most likely to be a
(A) white dwarf (B) neutron star
(C) black hole (D) single ordinary star

36. If mass of earth ME  6  1024 kg and its radius RE = 6400 km, to what fraction of its presents
radius does the earth need to be compressed in order to become a black hole? (give only the
order of your answer)
(A) 104 (B) 109
7
(C) 10 (D) 1014

Comprehension-2

The concept of a black hole is one of the most interesting products of modern gravitational theory, yet the
basic idea can be understood on the basis of Newtonian principles.
Using the theory of gravitation, we know that escape velocity from the surface of a star is given as
2GM 8GR
v=  (expression for escape velocity)
R 3
If we find the escape velocity from surface of the sun, it comes out to be about 6.18  105 m/s. This value
1
is roughly times the velocity of light. Now consider various stars with same average density  as that
500
of the sun and different radii R. The equation of escape velocity suggests that for a given value of density
, the escape speed v is directly proportional to R. In 1783, Rev. John Mitchell, an amateur astronomer,
noted that if a body with same average density as sun had about 500 times the radius of the sun, the
magnitude of its escape velocity would be greater than the speed of light c. With his statement “ All light
emitted from such a body would be made to return towards it”, Mitchell became the first person to suggest
the existence of what we now call a “ black hole”.
The expression for escape speed also suggests that a body of mass M will act as a black hole if its radius
is less than or equal to a certain critical radius.
How can we determine this critical radius? You might think that you can find the answer by simply setting
v = c in the expression for escape velocity. As a matter of fact, this does give the correct result but only

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because of two compensating errors. Kinetic energy of light is not ½ mc2 and the gravitational potential
energy near a black hole is not –GMm/r. An 1916, Karl Schwarzschild used Einstein’s general theory of
relativity (in part a generalization and extension of Newtonian gravitation theory ) to derive an expression
2GM
for the critical radius Rs, now called the Schwarzschild radius, which is given as RS  . The surface
c2
of the sphere with radius Rs surrounding a black hole is called the event horizon. Since light cannot
escape from within that sphere, we can’t see the events occurring inside.
If light cannot escape from a black hole, how can we know such things exist? The answer is that any gas
or dust near the black hole tends to be pulled into an accretion disc that swirls around and In to the black
hole, rather like a whirlpool. While there are some black holes with masses of the order of a few times the
solar mass, there is also an evidence for super massive black holes.
One example is thought to lie at the centre of the Milky Way galaxy, some 26000 light years away from
earth in the direction of constellation Sagittarius. High resolution images of Galactic centre reveal stars
moving at speeds greater than 1500 km/s about an unseen object that lies at the position of a source of
radio waves called SgrA*. By analysing these motions astronomers can infer the period t and semi-major
axis of each star’s orbit. The mass m x of the unseen object can now be calculated using Kepler’s third law
2a3 / 2
T . At points far away from a black hole, its gravitational effects are same as those of any
2Gmx
normal body with same mass.

37. An object of mass m is located at a distance r from the centre of a black hole with Schwarzschild
radius Rs. The attractive force exerted by the black hole on the body is
mc 2R s 2mc 2R s
(A) (B)
r2 r2
2
2mc Rs mc 2R s
(C) (D)
r2 2r 2

38. Astronomers have observed a small massive object at the centre of our Milky Way galaxy. A ring
of material orbits this massive object; the ring has a diameter of about 15 light years and an
orbital speed of 200 km/s. What is the mass of the massive object at the centre of the milky Way?
Given G = 6.67  10-11 Nm2 kg-2 and 1 light year = 9.5  1015 m
(A) Approximately 8.1  1037 kg (B) approximately 4.3  1037 kg
37
(C) Approximately 6  10 kg (D) approximately 3  1037 kg

39. Many astronomers believe that the massive object at the centre of the Milky way galaxy (same as
the one in previous question) is a black hole. If so, what must the Schwarzschild radius of this
black hole be?
(A) 6.4  1010 m approx (B) 3.2  1010 m approx
10
(C) 9.6  10 m approx (D) 3.2  109 m approx

Comprehension-3

One of the method to transfer a planetary body like the

rocket, from one planet to another is not sending directly
along the radial line. But to let it go in an elliptical orbit
[with sun at one of its focus], which joins smoothly to the S Planet I
B A
orbits of the both planets. Let the path of the planetary Planet II
body starts tangentially to the orbit of one planet at A
and joins the orbit of other planet tangentially at B, as
shown in the figure.
SA = rmin  The minimum distance at point on the orbit of planetary body is called perigee = radius of
orbit of first planet.

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SB = rmax  The maximum distance at point on the orbit of planetary body is called apogee = radius of
orbit of second planet.
r r
e = eccentricity of orbit = max min
rmax  rmin
2rmax rmin
p  orbital parameter =
rmax  rmin
The total energy of the planetary body at any point of path (which is remains conserved) is given by
GMSm
E= , where MS mass of sun, m is mass of planetary body.
2a
r r
a  semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit = max min
2
If the rocket moves on the elliptical orbit of semi-major axis ‘a’, its time period of the motion will be directly
3/2
proportional to “a ”.
A planetary body begins its journey in space, it is at perihelion of orbit of first planet at A and finally
reaches near the second planet, it is at the apehelion of second orbit at B. So using conservation of
energy
EA = EB = E
1 GMSm 1 GMSm GMS m
mv 2A   mv B2  
2 rmin 2 rm ax 2a

If v1 and v2 are the orbital velocity of first planet and second planet around sun then v 1 < vA and v2 > vB
always. Hence once, taken from the gravity of first planet, the planetary body is launched in the direction
of orbital motion of first planet, the planetary body needs a small impulse to get a speed about (v A  v1)
relative to the first planet.
Again in order to tangential approach to second planet, the planetary body requires a final impulse which
should increase its speed v B to v2 i.e. to get a speed relative to the second planet about (v 2  vB). Once it
catches up with the second planet, it would land on it, guided by the gravity of second planet. A
hypothetical rocket is transfered from first planet to second planet for which following data is given.
GMS
rmin = 2c unit, rmax = 16 c unit,  30 2 km/hr
c
Read above passage carefully and answer the following questions.

40. The speed of the rocket after first impulse (v A ) at planet A is

(A) 10 km/hr (B) 5 km/hr
(C) 12 km/hr (D) None of these

41. During the journey, how many times, it is required to provided impulse to the rocket
(A) Once (B) twice
(C) thrice (D) none of these

42. If the time period of the revolution of planet A about sun is 2 2 3 years then the time required to
transfer the rocket from planet A to planet B is
(A) 1.5 years (B) 3 years
(C) 4.5 years (D) 9 years

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Comprehension-4

Two small and dense identical stars of mass m each are revolving in a circular orbit of radius r, about their
common centre of mass due to their mutual gravitational interaction.

43. Find the angular velocity of the line joining the two masses.
1 Gm 1 Gm
(A) (B)
2r r 2 r r2
1 Gm 1 Gm
(C) (D)
2r r r r

44. A third body of infinitesimal mass  is placed in a coplanar circular orbit about the same centre of
mass so that  remains stationary relative to both the masses as shown in the figure. Assume
that the infinitesimal mass is not collinear with stars. The distance of  from either star is
(A) 2 r (B) r
(C) 3 r (D) 2 r

45. The total energy of the body (of mass ) in its orbit is equal to
2Gm  11Gm 
(A) (B)
3r 8r
Gm  11Gm 
(C) (D)
3r 8r

Comprehension-5

A planetary body begins its journey in space, it is at perihelion of orbit of first planet at A and finally
reaches near the second planet, it is at the apehelion of second orbit at B. So using conservation of
energy
EA = EB = E
1 GMSm 1 GMSm GMS m
mv 2A   mv B2  
2 rmin 2 rm ax 2a

If v1 and v2 are the orbital velocity of first planet and second planet around sun then v 1 < vA and v2 > vB
always. Hence once, taken from the gravity of first planet, the planetary body is launched in the direction
of orbital motion of first planet, the planetary body needs a small impulse to get a speed about (v A  v1)
relative to the first planet.
Again in order to tangential approach to second planet, the planetary body requires a final impulse which
should increase its speed v B to v2 i.e. to get a speed relative to the second planet about (v 2  vB). Once it
catches up with the second planet, it would land on it, guided by the gravity of second planet. A
hypothetical rocket is transfered from first planet to second planet for which following data is given.
GMS
rmin = 2c unit, rmax = 16 c unit,  30 2 km/hr
c
Read above passage carefully and answer the following questions.
46. The speed of the rocket after first impulse (v A ) at planet A is
(A) 10 km/hr (B) 5 km/hr
(C) 12 km/hr (D) None of these

47. During the journey, how many times, it is required to provided impulse to the rocket
(A) Once (B) twice
(C) thrice (D) none of these

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48. If the time period of the revolution of planet A about sun is 2 2 3 years then the time required to
transfer the rocket from planet A to planet B is
(A) 1.5 years (B) 3 years
(C) 4.5 years (D) 9 years

Comprehension-6

There is A planet of uniform density 0 kg/m3 and

radius R. Assume a situation in which a scientific
lab is formed at centre of planet by making a thin
tunnel so that there is no mass change of planet
then give the answer of following.

49. What minimum speed a particle should be given in lab so that particle reaches to infinity (along
tunnel) :
(A) just greater than zero (B) 2R G0
2G0
(C) R G0 (D) 2R
3

50. If particle is given speed as calculated above then graph of variation of (speed)2 and distance
from lab till it reaches surface of planet will be :
(A) Straight line (B) Parabola
(C) A part of circle (D) Hyperbola

G0
51. If particle is given a velocity v 0  2R m/s at t = 0, then time t at which particle reaches to
3
surface of planet will be :
3 3
(A) (B)
16G0 4G0
3
(C) (D) None of these
G0

Matrix Match Type (+2 for each correct row)

52. A particle is taken to a distance r ( > R) from centre of earth. R is the radius of earth. It is given
velocity v which is perpendicular to r then match the following.
Column I Column II
(A) GM (p) Total energy may be zero or positive
V=
r
(B) 2GM (q) Total energy is negative
v=
r
(C) 2GM (r) Path is parabolic
v>
r
(D) GM 2GM (s) Path is hyperbolic
<v<
r r

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2R
53. Density of a sphere of radius R with concentric spherical cavity of radius r = is given by,
3
0  2R 
 (R-x), where x is distance from its centre and   x  R  , then
R  3 
Column – I Column – II
(A) a0 GR 2 (p) 4
If potential on its outer surface then a =
81
(B) b0 GR2 (q) 11
Potential at its inner surface then b =
81
(C) c0 GR (r) 0
Field on its surface , then c =
81
(D) R d0 GR (s) 12
Field at a distance from its centre , then d =
2 81
(t) 14

Integer Type (+3, 1)

54. A particle of mass m is placed at a distance of 4R from the R
m
centre of a huge uniform sphere of mass M and radius R. A
spherical cavity of diameter R is made in the sphere as shown
in the figure. If the gravitational interaction potential energy of 4R
the system of mass m and the remaining sphere after making
GMm
the cavity is  . Find the value of .
28R

55. Maximum height reached by a rocket fired with a speed equal to 50% of the escape velocity from
earth's surface is given by R/x. Calculate value of x ? Where R is radius of earth.

56. Two planets of same density and with radii R1 and R2 such that R1 = 2R2 have gravitation fields
v
on the surface g1 and g2 and escape velocities v1 and v2 respectively. Then find the value of 1 .
v2

57. There is an isolated planet having mass 2M and radius 2R, where M and R are the mass and
radius of the earth. A simple pendulum having mass m and length 2R is made to small
oscillations on the planet. The time period of SHM of pendulum is (0.7 K + 0.5) seconds. Find the
2
value of K. (take  = 3.00, g = 10 m/s , 2  1.41 )

58. Imagine a light planet revolving around a very massive star in a circular orbit of radius R with a
period of revolution T. If the gravitational force of attraction between the planet and the star is
inversely proportional to R5/2, then the time period of revolution is proportional to Rk/4. Find the
value of k.

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1
 G 3
59. Binary stars rotate under mutual gravitational force at separation 2  2  , where  is the angular
ω 
velocity of each of the star about centre of mass of the system. If difference between the mass of
stars is 6 units. Find the ratio of masses of bigger star to smaller star.

60. An artificial satellite of mass m orbiting the earth in a 4RE

circular orbit of radius twice the earth’s radius R. It is to be
taken in another circular orbit of radius 4R. The transfer is 2RE
accomplished through an elliptical orbit as shown in the
figure. The energy needed to complete the job is calculated  E
1  GMm 
to be equal to  , where M is the mass of the earth.
k  R 
Transfer
Find the value of k. Orbit

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