Claver Gnamien - Dassault Systemes - Dynamic Anisotropy in Surpac

3DS.COM © Dassault Systèmes | Confidential Information | 6/26/2017 | ref.
: 3DS_Document_2015
Dynamic Anisotropy using

GEOVIA Surpac
Claver Gnamien
Mining Consultant, GEOVIA
Dassault Systèmes
Introduction
3DS.COM/GEOVIA © Dassault Systèmes | Confidential Information | 6/26/2017 | ref.: 3DS_Document_2015
Name: Claver Gnamien

Role: Mining Consultant, Geology
Company: Dassault Systèmes Australia
Background: Exploration and Mine Geology,
Geotechnical Engineering
2
Agenda
►What is dynamic anisotropy?
►Why use dynamic anisotropy?
►Dynamic anisotropy in Surpac
►New Geology Features in Surpac
3
What is dynamic anisotropy?
The grade estimation for undulating or folded deposits can be really

challenging. A variety of solution can be used to reduce the bias in the
search parameters during block model estimation.
Dynamic anisotropy interpolation is one of the solution. It is an

estimation method which takes into consideration the local variation of
the domain orientation into the block estimation.
4
What is dynamic anisotropy?
This technique has been known for decades but it was limited to advanced users who were able to
write custom scripts in their GMP software packages.
5
Why use dynamic anisotropy?
The traditional estimation process is to use a single search ellipsoid

within a domain. But when this grade continuity within the domain is
folded, the estimation can be biased by the misalignment of the
search definition to the direction of the grade continuity.
Different
Orientations
 Long section view

 Perspective view
6
Why use dynamic anisotropy?
A common approach was to create “subdomains”. Note that for

complex orebodies, dozens of subdomains may be required, hence
“subdomaining” may be time consuming and an error prone
process.
For each subdomain, a variogram will be calculated and modeled.
You also may not have sufficient samples in a subdomain to model
a decent variogram.
7
Dynamic anisotropy in Surpac
Dynamic anisotropy is available to define the search parameters

for Inverse distance, Nearest Neighbour, Ordinary Kriging and
Simple Kriging in Surpac since version 6.7.1.
This process uses mainly block model attributes to store the

orientation of the search ellipsoid and consider this parameters
during the block value estimation.
The process for this type of estimation can be described as per

the following slides.
8
Dynamic anisotropy in Surpac - Process
I. Create a mid-plane or trend DTM surface from the Orebody wireframe. This
surface should honour the different variations in dip and dip direction (trend) of the
mineralisation.
 “mid-plane” or plane of grade continuity inside solid
9
This can be created a number of way depending on the original data:
1. If an upper & lower surface defining the orebody. Use DTM

maths to get the mid-plane (HW & FW, or stratified deposits)
2. If the database has been domained. Extract the Composite by

Geology for each domain at the mid-point. Form a DTM of this
point data
3. Digitise on section basis the lines of grade continuity and

create the trend dtm surface.  Mid-plane surface coloured by dip
NB: Smoothing of local angles may be required and done carefully!
10
II. Use “Surfaces > DTM file functions> Create trend outlines from dtm triangles”
to create a string file from the mid-plane dtm surface. The output file is a string file
which will mimic each triangle as a polygon with dip in d1 and dip direction in d2.
11
III. Add block model attributes to store value for dip and dip_dir or azimuth. And assign
value from the polygons to the blocks across strike or use Nearest Neighbour with the
polygons centroids.
12
Dynamic anisotropy in Surpac
IV. Select those attributes in the Search parameters form during

the block model estimation. For the estimation of each block the
ellipsoid will be oriented exactly as per the values in the
orientation attributes.
13
Dynamic anisotropy in Surpac - Outcome
 Estimation without dynamic anisotropy  Estimation with dynamic anisotropy
14
15
Demo – Dynamic Anisotropy in Surpac
16
Conclusion
The use of dynamic anisotropy or local anisotropy can have a large local impact in the estimated
grades. Thus, care should be taken when defining the local variability when removing spurious
angles and/or when applying smoothing.
Dynamic Anisotropy should mainly be based on the structural geology rather than the artefact of
the domain wireframe.
GEOVIA Surpac provides the effective tools to perform dynamic anisotropy in a conventional
geostatistical framework.
17
New Geology Features in Surpac
- Auto Solid Repair (New algorithm)

- Mesh tools (expand contract solid for skin analysis or dilution inclusion etc.)
- Declustering (Optimise - calculate)
- Box and Whiskers or Multi-domains analysis
- Grade Dependent search
- Multi-threading for most of the block model estimation methods
- Dynamic anisotropy
- Block model estimation at different block sizes (variable sub-celling)
- Selected blocks debugging output
- Swath plot
- Grade and tonnage curve
- Direct import of CSV block model into Surpac block models
18
Multi-Threading
With multi-threading, our block model
unlocks:
 Larger coverage with a single model
 Increase in spatial detail
 Store many estimation processes
 Utilises the capabilities of all your

hardware
“After upgrading to GEOVIA Surpac 6.7, we are seeing significant reductions in processing times for our
projects’ Resource models. It has helped us run more estimation iterations in a day.”
- Jarrad Price, Resource Geologist, Regis Resources Limited.
19
Declustering
Surpac Decluster functions provide a representative distribution of

data by assigning a weighting description to each point in a string file
for a new way of visualizing and validating data.
20
Swath Plots
 A quick method to validate the quality of an estimate is to

compared the original mean sample grade to the
estimated grade for a range of slices
 You have the option to apply weighted values assigned
from the new declustering features
 Mining geologists can therefore quickly compare and
validate the block model estimation compared to the raw
sample data
 Once complete, this report can be also used externally in
other software applications.
21
Grade-Tonnage Plots
The Grade Tonnage Curve feature produces a

chart that displays the average grade versus
tonnage, allowing geologists to quickly understand
the effect of mining at different cut-off grades
As the cut-off increases, the tonnage decreases.

Once complete, this report can be used in
externally in other software applications.
22
Improved plots for capping analysis
 Enhanced log probability plots

 A log scale is applied to the Y-Axis (Cumulative
probability %)
 Points can now be selected with lines to each axis to
more accurately read the values at inflection points
 New mean-variance plots
 The plot displays the mean and the coefficient of variance
on each Y-Axis
 Values are given for each bin defined
 Inflections can be compared for both of these statistical
values to aid in selection of an appropriate capping or
top-cut value
23
Variable sub-celling
Ability to specify the user block size during estimation
 Analyse volume variance effect

 Allowmultiple domains to be estimated in a single
model
 Helps in accounting for variable drill hole spacing
Included in the estimation functions:
 Nearest Neighbour
 Inverse Distance
 Ordinary Kriging
 Simple Kriging
24
25

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3DS.COM © Dassault Systèmes | Confidential Information | 6/26/2017 | ref.

Dynamic Anisotropy using

Name: Claver Gnamien

►What is dynamic anisotropy?

►Why use dynamic anisotropy?

►Dynamic anisotropy in Surpac

►New Geology Features in Surpac

The grade estimation for undulating or folded deposits can be really

Dynamic anisotropy interpolation is one of the solution. It is an

The traditional estimation process is to use a single search ellipsoid

 Long section view

A common approach was to create “subdomains”. Note that for

Dynamic anisotropy is available to define the search parameters

This process uses mainly block model attributes to store the

The process for this type of estimation can be described as per

 “mid-plane” or plane of grade continuity inside solid

This can be created a number of way depending on the original data:

1. If an upper & lower surface defining the orebody. Use DTM

2. If the database has been domained. Extract the Composite by

3. Digitise on section basis the lines of grade continuity and

NB: Smoothing of local angles may be required and done carefully!

IV. Select those attributes in the Search parameters form during

 Estimation without dynamic anisotropy  Estimation with dynamic anisotropy

- Auto Solid Repair (New algorithm)

 Store many estimation processes

 Utilises the capabilities of all your

Surpac Decluster functions provide a representative distribution of

 A quick method to validate the quality of an estimate is to

The Grade Tonnage Curve feature produces a

As the cut-off increases, the tonnage decreases.

 Enhanced log probability plots

 Analyse volume variance effect

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