Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Національний університет
«Полтавська політехніка імені Юрія Кондратюка»
Полтава – 2022
УДК УДК 81/82.09]-057.874(06)
Редколегія:
Вадімов В. М. – доктор архітектури, професор, в.о. проректора з наукової
та міжнародної роботи Національного університету «Полтавська політехніка
імені Юрія Кондратюка», голова редколегії;
Агейчева А. О. – кандидат педагогічних наук, доцент, декан факультету
філології, психології та педагогіки Національного університету «Полтавська
політехніка імені Юрія Кондратюка»;
Болотнікова А. П. – кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, завідувач
кафедри загального мовознавства та іноземних мов Національного
університету «Полтавська політехніка імені Юрія Кондратюка»;
Король Т. Г. – кандидат педагогічних наук, доцент, доцент кафедри
загального мовознавства та іноземних мов Національного університету
«Полтавська політехніка імені Юрія Кондратюка»;
Чернишов В. В. – кандидат філософських наук, доцент, доцент кафедри
загального мовознавства та іноземних мов Національного університету
«Полтавська політехніка імені Юрія Кондратюка».
proper organization of free time? There are many options. Here is some
of them.
News and books. Almost everyone reads the news in the
morning, so why not do it in English?
Series and movies. Surely among us there are fans of movies
and TV shows who spend every evening in front of a TV or computer
screen.
Video on youtube. More and more people are watching videos
on Youtube: here you can find videos on any topic, including those related
to your future profession or the topic you are studying.
Keep a diary. Creative people can be invited to write down
their thoughts in a diary in English.
Record your speech. A great benefit is the habit of recording
your voice on a voice recorder or special programs. First, practice
speaking. Secondly, while playing the recording, you can hear your
mistakes and inaccuracies and correct them by recording the speech again,
and so on several times.
Communicate with foreigners or think in English. Not
everyone, of course, has the opportunity to communicate with foreigners,
but in the modern world it has become much easier. You can correspond
with them on various sites, communicate in social networks and via Skype.
Install all devices into English. The meaning of this choice is
to artificially surround yourself with the language being studied in the
absence of a natural language environment. It does not matter what you
will do, the main thing is that it should be in English and every day.
Also, to form a sustainable level of motivation, it is necessary to
select appropriate training materials. It is important to emphasize that
positive motivation does not arise before the start of educational and
cognitive activity, but in the process of its implementation. Motivation
plays a huge role in the study of any subject, especially foreign languages.
Success largely depends on what motives people pursue in the process of
learning any foreign language. It is known that English is the language in
which people of most countries of the world not only speak, but also
consider it their mother tongue. English is the official language of
international conferences and summits. It is the language of economic
and political negotiations, debates, the language of science, art, literature
and education, the language of many public organizations. Today,
knowledge of English is becoming a mandatory requirement for
employers. Fluency in a foreign language, along with good professional
skills, will enable a specialist to get a good job and achieve a successful
career. Studying the culture and history of the country of the target
language; language learning for the purpose of making tourist trips to
communicate with other people, desire to improve their knowledge by
studying abroad; getting pleasure from learning foreign languages in
order to communicate with peers from foreign countries is an important
reason for learning a language. Overcoming the language barrier is the
most important task for everyone. The motive for fluent communication
is put forward in the first place. Thus, the motivational aspect is
important for the activation of all psychological processes such as
thinking, perception, understanding and assimilation of foreign language
material. All this is an internal force that encourages learning a foreign
language and creates positive attitudes towards learning English. To do
this, it is necessary to increase the levels of motivation, contributing to
Уляна Айдаєва
Науковий ліцей № 3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Одом Олена Ігорівна
The human body has long been used in advertising for various
purposes. From the very beginning of advertising, there has been
objectification and pressure on people.
It so happened that in English-speaking countries and all over the
world, our appearance is “ironically” associated with a certain level of life
and success. Images of the human body along with various types of goods
and services have become commonplace for advertisers. Often the
consumer is not impressed by the product itself, but by the appearance
and lifestyle of the models participating in advertising.
Objectification is found not only in advertising campaigns for
fitness services, food, or beauty salons. Appearance is a powerful
advertising tool used in advertising to both attract and make us feel worse
by comparing ourselves to someone else. It doesn't matter what is being
advertised: a car, perfume or even food – ideas about the desirable human
body and face are still widely used. Advertising has the greatest influence
on the perception of conventional standards of beauty. The information
covered by the media, the types of figure and appearance that get on the
covers and on TV – all this forms standards of appearance in our heads
for many years. This is how the first perfect 90-60-90 standards
appeared, a trend that looks like Kate Moss.
In recent years, this has been significantly influenced by the body
positivity movement. Its ideology calls for a positive attitude towards
one's body, self-acceptance and free self-expression. This trend has
become the driver of changes in the advertising and fashion industries.
Many brands actively broadcast new values in their communications:
they attract models with different appearance features, showing in this
way that every person is beautiful.
And although on the billboards of the Calvin Klein brand, known for
its strict standards of model parameters, models with non-standard
appearance appear, and on the catwalks of Versace women with "plus-
size" figures are invited, in general, self-perception in society is still
surrounded by a number of artificial standards and stereotypes.
Attempts to increase the representativeness of different types of
appearance and figures are still exceptional and perceived as something
unusual. However, more and more brands in their communications are
trying to depict not an idealized world, but the realities of everyday life.
“Imperfect” belly and face without makeup – all this is normal and
can be in anyone, although it has been skillfully disguised in advertising
for a long time.
The Nike brand is known for campaigns that fight against
stereotypes, in particular with the problem of gender inequality in sports.
In 2015, Nike introduced the #BetterForIt campaign, a series of videos
that captured the thoughts of women during training. This is both
insecurity due to the fact that someone has a better look, and attempts to
motivate yourself. And also pride, fear and many other emotions that all
women mentally feel when playing sports. The video encourages you
always to go against the noise of similar thoughts in your head.
The ad was so successful that Nike created an entire Margot vs. Lily
YouTube series. It continued to play on the theme of insecurity and
motivation during training.
Although the advertising world still successfully sells conventional
beauty standards, the trend has been changing in recent years. Inclusivity,
representation of different types of figures and appearance, fight against
body stereotypes have gone beyond activism and have become tools in
the communication of big brands.
Advertising campaigns start discussions and become platforms for
healthy public dialogue. We conclude that advertising is able not only to
expand our concepts of norms, but also to force us to rethink long-rooted
prejudices.
References
1. Altman D. Cases: the image of the body and appearance in
advertising. [Electronic resource]. Access mode:
https://bazilik.media/kejsy-zobrazhennia-tila-j-zovnishnosti-v-
reklami/
2. Kaushal N., Dudeja P. Distribution of advertisements in
different forms of media. [Electronic resource]. Access mode:
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Distribution-of-advertisements-
in-different-forms-of-media_fig1_322290254
3. Users miss Calvin Klein beauty ideals. [Electronic resource].
Access mode: https://sostav.ua/publication/polzovateli-skuchayut-po-
idealam-krasoty-v-reklame-calvin-klein-85612.html
4. Wikipedia “Objectification”. [Electronic resource]. Access
mode: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objectification
Єлизавета Баштанник
Полтавський ліцей імені А. С. Макаренка
Полтавської обласної ради,
Ковалівка,
Учитель – Василенко Аліна Василівна
FEATURES OF REPRODUCTION
OF UKRAINIAN PHRASEOLOGISMS IN B. MELNYK'S TRANSLATION
OF I. KOTLYAREVSKY'S "AENEID" POEM
The celebration of the 30th anniversary of Ukraine's independence
in 2021 was an impetus for us to conduct a thorough study in the field of
Надія Векленко
Лубенська спеціалізована школа I-III ступенів № 6
Лубенської міської ради,
м. Лубни
Учитель – Бишевич Юлія Сергіївна
References
1. Бацевич Ф. Основи комунікативної лінгвістики. К. : «Академія»,
2004. 326 с.
2. Гязова А. Категорія соціальної реклами. Харків : Стемп, 2010.
244 с.
3. Дядечко Л. Функціонування рекламних слоганів в усно-
розмовному дискурсі. Мова і суспільство : [зб. наук. праць]. 2011.
№ 2. С. 144–150.
4. Ковалевська А. В. Класифікація слоганів як елементів
рекламного тексту. Одеська лінгвістична школа : координати
сучасних пошуків : [колективна монографія]. Одеса : Букаєв В. В.,
2014. 408 с.
Софія Висоцька
Науковий ліцей № 3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Александрович Марина Василівна
ПОРІВНЯННЯ ЛЕКСИКИ
БРИТАНСЬКОГО ТА АМЕРИКАНСЬКОГО ВИДАНЬ
Софія Галаур
Ліцей № 31 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Барабаш Тетяна Олексіївна
Мілена Дженсен-Рак
Комунальний заклад
« Полтавська загальноосвітня школа І-ІІІ ступенів № 38
Полтавської міської ради Полтавської області»,
м. Полтава
Учитель-Колодько Олена Василівна
From the very moment a child is brought into this world, the first
question that may arise would be picking a name and surname for the
newborn. Many instances of parent quarrels may occur at that time,
stemming from mostly trivial disagreements, or, though sometimes rarer,
personal beliefs.
References
1. Кавун О. Семантико-структурна організація типології
англійських та українських прізвищ. Наук. вісн. Херсон. ДУ :
ХДУ, 2006. Вип. 4. С. 195−205
2. Олійник Т. Семантичні та функціональні характеристики
символічних власних імен в сучасній англійській мові. К., 2001.
21 с.
3. http://vidpoviday.com/anglijski-prizvishha-najposhirenishi-i-
krasivi-yix-znachennya-poxodzhennya-i-pereklad
Ростислав Должко
Зіньківський опорний ліцей №1 Зіньківської міської ради
Полтавської області,
м. Зіньків
Учитель – Должко Оксана Анатоліївна
Олександра Дорошенко
Комунальний заклад «Полтавський міський багатопрофільний
ліцей № 1 ім. І. П. Котляревського
Полтавської міської ради Полтавської області»,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Мироненко Вікторія Олександрівна
- молюсь за Україну;
- прапор України.
Дослідивши активність використання емодзі «прапор
Украни», ми виявили, що найбільшої активності він досяг у середині
березня 2022 року. Діджитал-агентство Hexagon Agency створило
українські емодзі. До колекції увійшли сім іконок – дуля, тризуб,
булава, борщ, козак, вишиванка та рушник. Ілюстратором емодзі із
національними символами України виступив Ян Захаров. Агентство
подало свою пропозицію на розгляд Unicode Emoji Subcommittee
(організація, яка збирає ідеї для емодзі з різних джерел та реалізує
їх на платформах операційних систем iOS й Android) -
проаналізувати популярність запитів у пошукових системах,
розповісти про бачення використання, подумати, наскільки емодзі
є унікальним, цінним і водночас перспективним. Результат про їх
прийняття має бути оголошений у жовтні 2022 року.
Міністерство культури та інформаційної політики України
ініціювало доповнення існуючого каталогу емодзі на платформах
Apple, Android, Meta та Twitter українськими символами. «Поява
українських емодзі на тлі безпрецедентної світової підтримки
допоможе ще більше згуртувати міжнародне співтовариство
навколо незламності українського народу», – вважають у
Міністерстві.
Підсумовуючи наше дослідження, можемо зробити висновки:
оскільки смайли, емодзі та емотикони є невід’ємною частиною
повсякденного спілкування, то їх використання на тлі підтримки
України зростає щодня. Маємо тверду віру та переконання, що вже
зовсім скоро, до вже досліджених нами емодзі, смайлів та
Софія Дубровіна
Науковий ліцей №3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Кордюк Лілія Анатоліївна
Софія Еренбург
Науковий ліцей №3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Гринь Світлана Станіславівна
connecting with others living here and interacting with most businesses,
services and government agencies.
“The danger which is least expected soonest comes to us.” –
Voltaire, French poet and dramatist. If you’re unable to properly convey
information in such a situation, it is likely that you or another affected
person may not be assisted properly and quickly. Too much time will be
taken trying to create understanding between you and the medics. Time
is of the essence; it determines whether a victim’s life is saved or if they
succumb.
If English isn’t your first language, something can be done to fix this.
People often don’t consider the importance of basic first aid education.
There are numerous reasons why people put it off:
They don’t have the time.
They don’t know where to begin.
They don’t believe that accidents will ever happen to them or
those close to them.
They think they already have enough knowledge should the
need arise.
However, the list of the reasons to study English first aid vocabulary
is even more convincing:
1. Helps to save lives.
A trained person is more reliable, confident, and in control of
themselves when an emergency arises. People who are trained are more
likely to take immediate action in an emergency situation.
2. It allows the rescuer to provide the victim with comfort.
Having someone trained in first aid can bring immediate relief to
the patient. Being calm and assessing the situation helps the patient relax
while their injuries are being treated and stabilized until emergency
personnel arrives.
3. It gives you tools to prevent the situation from becoming
worse.
In some situations, if a patient doesn’t receive basic first aid care
immediately their situation will deteriorate – often rapidly. By being able
to provide basic care you can stabilize a patient until emergency medical
services arrive. You’ll learn how to use basic household items as tools if a
first aid kit is not available meaning that you’ll be able to cope with many
situations.
4. It creates the confidence to care.
Having a basic first aid knowledge means that you’ll be confident in
your skills and abilities in relation to first aid administration. By taking
first aid training, it helps you to reflect on yourself and how you and
others react in certain situations. Having this understanding will boost
your confidence in a wide range of non-medical day-to-day situations.
5. It encourages healthy and safe living.
A trained person is better able to assess their surroundings.
Knowledge of first aid promotes a sense of safety and well-being amongst
people.
First aid is the help that you give someone quickly after they have
hurt themselves or have had an accident. It can stop a person from
becoming more ill. In some cases, it can even save a person’s life.
Call for help.
When someone has been hurt or has had an accident, the first thing
to do is get help. If you don't know the phone number of the local doctor
or hospital dial an emergency number: 103 for an ambulance, 101 for the
fire department and 102 for the police.
Immediate help
Sometimes you cannot wait until help arrives. Even if you wait for
a short time this can be fatal. Here are some important rules for
immediate help.
Do not move a person who may have a broken bone, internal
injuries or an injured spine unless you really have to.
If the victim is lying down, keep the person in that position. Do
not allow them to walk or stand up.
Never give food or liquid to a person who may need an operation.
If the victim is unconscious turn the head to one side to keep the
person from choking. But do not move the head of a person who may have
a spinal injury.
Never give water to a person who is unconscious.
Make sure that the victim has an open airway. The nose, mouth
and throat should be clear in order for them to breathe.
Make the victim comfortable, but touch a person only if you have
to.
If necessary move the victim away from the sun or put them into
the shade.
Remain calm and talk to the injured person. Explain what is being
done and say that help is on its way.
Figure 1. Sometimes the tongue blocks the airways - Make sure that
the victim can breathe.
Bleeding
Strong bleeding can cause death in minutes. Bleeding from small
wounds usually stops after a short time because the blood clots. But
clotting cannot stop the flow of blood when a wound is big.
The best way to stop bleeding is to press on the wound itself. If
possible let the person lie down and raise the bleeding part of the body.
Then put a sterile handkerchief, cloth or towel on the wound and press it
down with your hand. Do with for 10 to 20 minutes until help arrives.
Sometimes direct pressure cannot stop strong bleeding. If the leg or
arm is hurt you can try to stop bleeding by putting pressure on the artery
that carries blood to the injured body part.
First aid kits
It is a good idea to have a kit with first aid supplies at home or in
your car when you travel. It should include bandages, tissue, something
to write on, a flashlight, scissors, safety pins, a spray or a lotion that kills
germs. Always have a blanket ready to cover a person.
A first aid kit is a collection of supplies and equipment that is used
to give medical treatment. There is a wide variation in the contents of first
aid kits based on the knowledge and experience of those putting it
together, the differing first aid requirements of the area where it may be
used and variations in legislation or regulation in a given area.
I am going to study the names of supplies, because it’s very
important and it can help me in the future.
References
Анастасія Золотайко
Науковий ліцей №3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Любченко Тетяна Станіславівна
producing humour effect due to the length of the text. While the second
strategy can be connected with the topic of the analysed meme sample,
since it requires tough opposition of the parties involved into the war.
The strategies of the use of singular image with funny captions inviting to
thinking and guessing as well as the strategies of the involvement of the
image series with the captions given with parallel structures are aslo
rather common. It is worth noting that singular image with pun caption,
singular image voiced with a dialogue or singular image with brief
captions that convert it into a multimodal metaphor are the least
common. In our opinion, this fact can be explained with the limitedness
of the resources for creation humour and irony.
References
1. Bauckhage C. Insights into Internet memes. International AAAI
Conference on Web and Social Media, North America. 2011. P. 11-16.
2. Dynel M. COVID-19 memes going viral: On the multiple
multimodal voices behind face masks. Discourse & Society. 2021.
Vol. 32(2). P. 175-195.
3. Joshua S. F. A pragmatic analysis of the discourse of humour and
irony in selected memes on social media. International Journal of
Language and Literary Studies. 2020. Vol. 2(2). P. 76-95.
Софія Завальнюк
Науковий ліцей №3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Тихоненко Наталія Іванівна
Анна Іваницька
Науковий ліцей №3
Полтавської міської ради
м. Полтава
Учитель – Димарь Наталія Сергіївна
Алісія Камсюк
Кременчуцький ліцей №11 «Гарант» Кременчуцької міської ради
Кременчуцького району Полтавської області,
м. Кременчук
Учитель – Перепелиця Наталія Іванівна
інтралінгвістичних чинників;
етнофолізми розрізняються за способом творення,
ступенем експресивності та образності, характером оцінки.
етнофолізми досліджуються в межах ономасіологічного
підходу до вивчення лексико-граматичної об’єктивації мовних
номінацій;
з опертям на емпіричний матеріал, відібраний з тематичних
англомовних лексикографічних та Інтернет-джерел,
проаналізовано структурні особливості американських
етнофолізмів: встановлено, що найбільш продуктивними
способами їхнього словотвору є словоскладання, афіксація і
семантична деривація, а найменш продуктивним – абревіація
(зокрема, її фонологічний тип).
укладено новітній реєстр сучасних американських
етнофолізмів.
Анастасія Козіна
Ліцей №17 «Інтелект» Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Гречка Вікторія Володимирівна
roughed up and dirty but she seemed OK, прислівник It’s going to be
fine,Tina smiled encouragingly. Come on). У складі метафори оцінка
набуває прихованого змісту та художньої образності, відзначається
експресивним ефектом (I bombarded Dad with questions). Оцінні
функції розчленованих структур характеризуються можливістю
доповнення думки героя твору чи його автора через короткі
речення/словосполучення, привертанням уваги до окремих рис,
ознак, подій; передачею емоційно-психічного стану суб’єкта (She
stretched. Yawned. She had a widdle in the middle of the road - оцінка
поведінки суб’єкта як кумедної, незграбної, дещо дитячої, We’ll think
of something. Always have. We’re a good team, you and me. The best. –
демонстрація бажання підбадьорити суб’єкт, вселити впевненість в
своїх силах через оцінку якості дружності та підсилення
особистісної риси). Вставні конструкції з оцінним компонентом
відіграють функцію доповнення емоційної оцінки жалю, сорому,
ступеню прояву гніву, жаху, обурення тощо (I like Tina, but
unfortunately she likes me too). Через протиставлення відбувається
гра на контрасті значень; оцінка полярних, несхожих рис через їх
зіставлення у реченні. Вони також мають функцію оцінки
підкресленої граничності образів та висловлювань (stupid – clever,
angry – calm, fail – to succeed, to look nervous – to breath a sigh of relief).
Отже, оцінка є незмінним складником літературних творів і
мовлення в цілому. Завдяки їй письменник демонструє, як герої
взаємодіють між собою та з явищами навколишньої дійсності,
переживають ситуації та розвивають внутрішню систему почуттів.
Саме оцінна лексика зближає автора і читача, виховує глибинність
розуміння тексту, культуру і смак у літературі. Джеремі Стронґ
Анастасія Конюшенко
Науковий ліцей №3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Чернорук Анастасія Олегівна
Альона Котляр
Полтавська загальноосвітня школа I-III ступенів №2,
Полтавської міської ради Полтавської області,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Карпіченко Ірина Сергіївна
ANIMAL IDIOMS
that can make our language brighter. We also want to make cultural
comparison of idiomatic expression in English and in Ukrainian.
Idioms are sometimes called phraseological units by some western
scholars. That is why we will use both definitions.
The problem of phraseology was deeply studied by many famous
linguists. According to the widely accepted classification we can single
out:
phraseological fusions;
phraseological unities;
phraseological combinations.
This classification can be applied in English as well as in Ukrainian.
Our research work shows that the languages are developing. Idioms
form an essential part of the general vocabulary of English and Ukrainian.
It is natural to start with the key definitions. Phraseological unit
(idiom) is a stable group of words, characterized by completely or
partially transferred meaning.
Here are some features of idioms:
- they are ready-made;
- stable in structure;
- idiomatic or transferred meaning;
- colorfully expressive;
- stylistically marked;
Someone may think that an idiom is something like a proverb. But
that is not true, while proverb teaches a moral and has a good sense, an
idiom has only metaphorical meaning. They mostly can be compared with
phraseological units.
the same quality. As in busy bee (bee – бджола) in the Ukrainian language,
bee is a hard working insect, as well as in English.
One more example is with the word elephant. Since elephant is a big
animal, in both languages we see that in order to denote a very hungry
person we use the idiom with this animal because a hungry person wants
to eat a lot.
To give more examples, let’s take as quiet as a mouse, since a mouse
is the animal that never makes noisy sounds. In Ukrainian it is
pronounced like тихий, як мишка. We also know the Ukrainian
equivalent "як муха пролетить".
Let's take one more example early bird. That has the meaning
"person who gets up early" we can also come across with the idiomatic
word as LARK. Which has an antonym OWL – to denote the person who
wakes up late. And these are the parallel examples in English and in
Ukrainian.
On the contrary, let us take the examples of the idioms where
different animals areused. At first let us consider flying pigs that means
something that will never happen. In Ukrainian we say "як рак на горі
свисне".
The next idiom is work like a dog that has the meaning working
hard. Our Ukrainian expression is “працювати як кінь”.
In Ukrainian we say "пахне смаженим" but in English it sounds like
"to smell a rat".
To be hungry in the Ukrainian and in English languages they use
different animals "бути голодним, як вовк", while in English they say
"eat like a horse".
In English, you can describe a person who can't see well "as blind as
bat" but in Ukrainian we say "сліпий, як кріт!".
In conversations with our friends, we often use the idioms that we
invented ourselves or those that became popular due to the computer
games.
be like spike (бути як Спайк) means to be silent and shy. This idiom
came from the mobile game in which there is a character Spike, who is
silent and never says anything.
As far as this topic is of great interest for us, we tried to create our
own idioms.
Capybara days (дні капібари) means days when you want to stay at
home and not go anywhere. This idiom came from the nature of
capybaras, which always relax and want to rest.
One more example is new chronicles (нові хроніки) – I use it when
someone starts to tell their long stories.
To cut the long story short, this lexicological topic is of great
importance and speaking about the practical value we would like to point
out that the materials of this work can be used by teachers or students if
they want to make their language more idiomatic, expressive and
metaphorical.
In conclusion, we hope that you got the lion's share of our work
interesting. Don't be chicken out into learning and improving your English
and Ukrainian languages. When it's hard, don't drop like flies, and try again
and again to understand and use English animal idioms.
Анастасія Курінна
Ліцей №33 Полтавської міської ради
м. Полтава
Учитель – Пліскіна Галина Григорівна
Ольга Кушнірова
Науковий ліцей №3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Кордюк Лілія Анатоліївна
Анастасія Кущій
Кременчуцький ліцей № 11 «Гарант»
Кременчуцької міської ради Кременчуцького району
Полтавської області,
м.Кременчук
Учитель – Маркевич Віта Анатоліївна
KOMUNIKACYJNO-PRAGMATYCZNA SPECYFIKA
NETYKIETY POLSKOJĘZYCZNYCH FORÓW
INTERNETOWYCH
Bibliografia
1. Бибик С. Нетикет, або мережевий етикет. Культура слова.
2015. Вип. 82. С. 125–128.
2. Kubas G. Netykieta – kodeks etyczny czy prawo Internetu?
3. Wierzbicka-OlejniczakA. Komunikacja językowa i grzeczność w
Internecie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2014. S. 123-156.
Аліна Лейбель
Комунальний заклад
«Полтавська загальноосвітня школа І-ІІІ ступенів № 26
Полтавської міської ради Полтавської області»
м. Полтава
Учителі – Михайлова Олена Вікторівна, Шелякіна Олена Валеріївна
Анастасія Логінова
Науковий ліцей № 3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Одом Олена Ігорівна
Рената Місецька
Кременчуцький ліцей №11 «Гарант» Кременчуцької міської ради
Кременчуцького району Полтавської області,
м. Кременчук
Учитель – Облог Марина Вікторівна
References
1. Кевлюк І. Концепт як одиниця когнітивної лінгвістики.
Наукові записки Кіровоградського державного педагогічного
університету ім. В. Винниченка. Серія : Філологічні науки
(мовознавство). Кіровоград : РВВ КДПУ, 2011. Вип. 95 (1). С. 217-221.
Дар’я Міцінська
Ліцей №17 «Інтелект» Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Крюкова Світлана Володимирівна
Lukash and Vasyl Mysyk made the greatest contribution to the Ukrainian
literature.
Nowadays it is necessary to rethink the creative heritage of the poet
and to identify major trends and criteria of his works translated into
Ukrainian.
The main goal of the work is the research and general analysis of
the existing translations of Burns’ poetry into Ukrainian (beginning of the
19th century).
The main objectives of the research are:
to differentiate the basic tendencies and criteria of poetic
translation;
to study the peculiarities of the poet’s language;
to characterize the most outstanding tries to translate Robert
Burns’ poems into the Ukrainian language;
to create own attempts of translations of some verses into
Ukrainian;
to investigate the major problems of translating R. Burns’ poems
into Ukrainian.
We have used such methods of investigation as complex and
comparative analyses. The topicality of the research may be connected
with the fact that first of all the Scottish poet is close to Ukrainian people
because he wrote his poetry in his native language and can be compared
only with Kobzar Taras Shevchenko.
As to the language, Robert Burns’ works can be divided into 4
groups:
• works written in the Scottish language – the largest group;
Refrences
1. Коптілов В. Теорія і практика перекладу. К.: Юніверс, 2003.
2. Матвіїшин В. Г. Зарубіжна література в перекладах
українських письменників ХІХ-ХХ століття. Зарубіжна література в
навчальних закладах. 2004. № 3. С.2-11.
3. Нечипорук О. Д. Великий поет Шотландії. Роберт Бернс в
українських перекладах та літературознавстві. К.: Знання, 1973.
4. Українська перекладацька школа, її найвидатніші
представники та художні здобутки. Тема. 1999. № 2. С. 177-120.
5. Robert Burns Country: the official Robert Burns site
[Електронний ресурс]. [ Режим доступу] http://www.robertburns.org
Карина Неділько
Комунальний заклад «Полтавська загальноосвітня школа
І–ІІІ ступенів № 34 Полтавської міської ради Полтавської області»,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Бровко Сергій Миколайович
Аліна Олійникова
Кременчуцький ліцей №17 «Вибір» імені М. Г. Неленя
Кременчуцької міської ради Кременчуцького району
Полтавської області
м. Кременчук
Учитель – Бондар Оксана Володимирівна
ЛЕКСИЧНІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ
В УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ ПЕРЕКЛАДІ TED TALKS НА ТЕМУ
РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ
Анастасія Писаренко
Науковии ліцеи № 3
Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Калініченко Валентина Василівна
Анастасія Писаренко
Науковии ліцеи № 3
Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Чичкало Ірина Леонідівна
Тетяна Приходько
Науковий ліцей № 3
Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Вовченко Олеся Миколаївна
der Sprache der Jugend manifestiert, die am anfälligsten für den Einfluss
neuer kultureller Strömungen ist.
Im heutigen Internet ist Computer-Slang weit verbreitet als eine Art
der Sprache, die mit dem Aufkommen elektronischer Rechenmaschinen
entstand. Im heutigen Internetdiskurs entwickelt sich die Vong-Sprache
rasant weiter und gewinnt an beachtlicher Popularität.
Vong ist der sogenannte Stil des kommunikativen Verhaltens der
Kommunikationsteilnehmer, eine spielerische Art der Kommunikation,
die auf der Verletzung lexikalischer und grammatikalischer Normen
beruht. Das Hauptkonzept dieser Interaktion ist, dass „je mehr Fehler im
Kontext und je weniger logischer Sinn - desto besser“ [3].
Als Begründer der Vong-Sprache gilt der österreichische Rapper
Moni Boy, der erstmals demonstrativ die Ziffer „1“ anstelle des
unbestimmten Artikels „ein“ in der Internetkommunikation verwendete.
Zum Beispiel: "Halo I bims 1e glücklie Gewimerin" [6] - "Hallo, ich bin eine
glückliche Gewinnerin". "I bims 1 uhu" [6] - "Ich bin ein Uhu". Dieser
Kommunikationsstil gilt als Kuriosität, die beim schnellen Tippen erlaubt
ist. Dennoch entwickelt und verbreitet sich diese Sprache, auch über
soziale Netzwerke hinaus.
Die moderne Internetkommunikation ist bereits ziemlich gesättigt
mit der Vong-Sprache, und humorvolle Ausdrücke tauchten nicht nur in
den Überschriften von Anzeigen, Buchtiteln oder einzelnen Artikeln auf.
Auch die Autoren der bekannten Verlag Duden konnten nicht
widerstehen und posteten einen Appell: „Man muss immer auf korkrette
Rechtschreibung 8ten. Vong Grammatik her“ [4] und betont damit, dass
die Trends der Sprachentwicklung nicht ausgespart werden.
unterhaltung-56/artikeldetails/vong/h1/ISBN3-548-37773-
4/ID69885912.html.
Марія Симонова
Кременчуцький ліцей №11 «Гарант» Кременчуцької міської ради
Кременчуцького району Полтавської області,
м. Кременчук
Учитель – Варфоломєєва Ілона Олегівна
Кристина Ситник
Ліцей №17 «Інтелект» Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Гаврілова Світлана Валеріївна
Дарія Солодовник
Науковий ліцей №3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Коняхіна Анна Олександрівна
Вероніка Теребун
Гімназія №8 імені Панаса Мирного Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Козіна Ірина Олексіївна
LEXICAL PECULIARITIES
OF THE ENGLISH INTERNET DISCOURSE
phrase. Words formed in this way can be subdivided into initialisms and
acronyms depending on the pronunciation of the words:
- initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter: ASAP (as soon as
possible), LOL (laughing out loud), FYI (for your information);
- acronyms are pronounced as normal words: NATO (the North
Atlantic Treaty organization), BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic
Instruction Code)
The most distinctive features of Internet English discourse are its
flexibility and freeness, therefore, letters and numbers are frequently
used in combination to form a special type of abbreviation. That’s to say,
we often use a number or a letter to replace one or more letters in a word,
in case the number or the letter has the partial tone with its substitute.
Since 1979 users of communications networks like Usenet created their
own abbreviations:
- single letter for the whole word: see-c, you-u, are-r; single digit for
the whole word: won- 1, for-4, ate -8;
- single letter or digit for the syllable or part of the word: great- gr8,
foreign -4n, someone - sum1.
- a letter or group of letters taken from the word or phrase and
sometimes whole sentences such as: in my opinion-in, AWHFY (Are we
having fun yet?), ICWUM (I see what you mean), MLNW (Make love not
war).
Blending is the formation of new words by combining parts of two
words or a word plus a part of another word, such Netizen=net citizen,
informercial= information commercial, autologon = automation logon, e-
mail= electronic mail
References
1. Бєлова А. Д. Поняття «стиль», «жанр», «дискурс», «текст» у
сучасній лінгвістиці. Вісник КУ. Іноземна Філологія: Випуск 32-33.
2002. С. 11-14.
2. Дискурс іноземної комунікації: [Колективна монографія]
Львів: Вид-во Львів. нац ун-ту ім І. Франка. 2002. 495 с.
3. Christopher W. Linguistic and Interactional features of Internet
Relay Chat. Computer-mediated communication: Linguistic, social and
cross-cultural perspectives. Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 1996.
4. Crystal D. Language and the Internet. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press. 2002.
Вероніка Требіна
Науковий ліцей №3 Полтавської міської ради,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Гречана Марія Віталіївна
The first and the most striking difference is Chinese writing system
using characters, not letters. It is said that written Chinese is a character-
based system, and there are only 3,500 Chinese characters being used on
a daily basis. Chinese characters in most cases are made up of building
blocks called radicals, which have 1 to 17 strokes. Radicals and strokes
must be written in accurate order: usually characters are written from
left to right and from top to bottom.(2) It is worth saying that there are
two types of characters: simplified and traditional. The first consist of less
number of strokes, than traditional. (2) To make characters accessible to
more people the government of the PRC decided to carry out characters’
simplification procedure. As a result, 2,238 out of nearly 7,000 Chinese
characters were simplified. The usage of simplified characters prevails on
the mainland China, while traditional characters are much used on
Taiwan and in Hong Kong (2).
The second important aspect is a large number of homophony in
Chinese. As Chinese characters represent syllable-length words (or
morphemes – the smallest units of language) the phenomena of
homophony is quite understandable. The phenomena of homophony in
Chinese is when the words with the same pronunciation but various
meanings are written with different characters. For instance, one syllable
can be written in a few separable ways. In spite of the fact in Modern
Chinese there are many disyllabic words, the homophony phenomena is
still common thing (1).
The third and not less significant thing about learning Chinese is the
tonal system of language. To find the accurate meaning of the word you
have to know the right tone used in this very word. It means that tones
play word-differentiating role. The official language of China called as
References
1. Asia Society Creating a Chinese Language Program in Your
School. 2006. 52 p.
2. Julian K. Wheatley Learning Chinese: A foundation course in
Mandarin Yale University Press, 2010. 656 p.
3. СhinesePod: Chinese Pronunciation. Pinyin Section
[Електронний ресурс]. Режим доступу:
https://www.chinesepod.com/tools/pronunciation/section/17
4. ThoughyCo: Measure Words in Mandarin Chinese
[Електронний ресурс]. Режим доступу:
https://www.thoughtco.com/mandarin-measure-words-
2279415
5. Asia Society: China Learning Initiatives. The many dialects of
China [Електронний ресурс]. Режим доступу:
https://asiasociety.org/china-learning-initiatives/many-dialects-china
Андрій Фесенко
Комунальний заклад “Полтавська загальноосвітня школа І-ІІІ
ступенів №2 Полтавської міської ради Полтавської області”,
м. Полтава
Учитель – Неізвідська Ірина Сергіївна
Since the first book “The Lord of The Rings” was published, this
literature work generated interest among scientists of various spheres,
including philologists. The proper names functioning in the book is a
subject of researchers′ particular interest. Several factors determine this
interest among which we should mention the author׳s individual vision
of the world. The use of proper names helps reader to taking into
consideration the author׳s advisely using of proper names as a tool to
create the mentioned above determine the topicality and significance of
the topic.
Most scientists identify proper names as the words or word
combinations, the main purpose of which is in the identification of
individual subjects without any compliance between the qualities of the
subject. Some researchers note that proper names became the code and
specific types of turned national-cultural of background knowledge. They
save in their semantic memory all historical – cultural plots, which are in
the present social consciousness.
Nominative means and images, being the basis of names, are
stipulated ethnically, in spite of their typical nature and anthropological
realities. Names and nicknames are tied with realities, traditions and
religion. Extralinguistic factors influence the qualitative composition of
names and their place in speech as speech signs, identifying the individual
and containing a bright national-cultural component. The purpose of
and wondered to hear his own words, as if some other will was using his
small voice.«I will take the Ring,» he said, «though I do not know the way».
- Baggins (“bag”, “end” - дно мішка ):
The eldest of these, and Bilbo's favourite, was young Frodo Baggins.
When Bilbo was ninety-nine, he adopted Frodo as his heir, and brought him
to live at Bag End…. Bilbo and Frodo happened to have the same birthday,
September 22nd. "You had better come and live here, Frodo my lad,"
said Bilbo one day; 'and then we can celebrate our birthday-parties
comfortably together." At that time Frodo was still in his teens, as the
hobbits called the irresponsible twenties between childhood and coming of
age at thirty-three» [1, p. 21c.
- Bilbo (“bilberry” – “чорниця” та суфікс –о): «The land was rich
and kindly, …, it had before been well tilled, and there the king had once had
many farms, cornlands, vineyards, and woods» [1, p. 19].
- Boromir (from “boron” - “стійкий”, “вірний”; “mire” -
“дорогоцінний камінь”).
- Legolas( from “laeg” – “зелений”, “Olas” – “листя”): “Five hundred
times have the red leaves fallen in Mirkwood in my home since then, and but
a little while does that seem to us…He was tall as a young tree, lithe,
immensely strong, able swiftly to draw a great war-bow and shoot down a
Nazgûl, endowed with the tremendous vitality of Elvish bodies, so hard and
resistant to hurt that he went only in light shoes over rock or through snow,
the most tireless of all the Fellowship” .
- Gamgee (“невичерпна надія”): “It would be the death of you to
come with me, Sam,” said Frodo, “and I could not have borne that…Not as
certain as being left behind”, said Sam…But I am going to Mordor… I know
that well enough, Mr. Frodo. Of course you are. And I'm coming with you”
[2, p. 385].
However, there are proper names in the onomastic space of the
novel that are familiar to readers, the names that are associated with
already familiar literature or cultural heroes. It creates the impression to
make the fantastical world closer to the reality, gives modern readers
possibility to know heroes better, including through the comparison with
the familiar names for them.
Main research results are: 1) onomus are informative means of the
world and characters expression in the book; 2) proper names in the
novel “The Lord Of The Rings’ have been investigated for possible
versions of their origin meaning and characteristics owing to which they
were selected by the author; 3) the result of the personal names analysis
have shown proper names often indentify the main character traits, or
appearance of a hero; some of onomus indicate its origin and possible fate
in the future.
References
1. Tolkien J. R. The Lord Of The Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring.
2015. 793 с.
2. Tolkien J. R. The Lord Of The Rings: The Return of the King.
2015. 478 с.
Анастасія Шевченко
Полтавський ліцей імені А. С. Макаренка
Полтавської обласної ради,
с. Ковалівка
Учитель – Щербина Антоніна Миколаївна
Іванна Шерстюк
Науковий ліцей №3
Полтавської міської ради, м. Полтава
Учитель – Гринь Світлана Станіславівна
Have you ever sat down on a rainy day at home with nothing on
your schedule but a good book?
In today’s society, I think reading has become less popular with
time, because of apps like Facebook, Instagram coming to prevalence.
But reading is a great way to find happiness because it allows us to
escape our own world and live inside someone for a short period of time.
It also allows us to learn empathy, which is a hard skill to learn without
hands on experience. Books transported me to places I never imagined
I’d visit and exposed me to ideas I had never considered. I am Otaku, a
person who is interested in reading manga.
Why am I interested in it? Manga is good for my brain. Learning to
read pictures, words, and even different sound words together helps me
process images faster and with more accuracy. This is called multimodal
thinking. In our visual society, that ability can really help!
Manga and graphic novels have to convey the story not only with
words but with art. This allows readers not only to read what is happening
but also to see visually how the different panels work together to push
the story forward.
Manga contains meticulously drawn images that just makes you
stare at it in awe! Such finesse art captures the eye of the reader, and it is
said that eyes are the windows to the soul. Thus these images are directly
felt by our soul making us happy and increases our appreciation towards
Art.
Traditionally, manga stories are read from right to left and from top
to bottom, in the same way as Japanese writing. The narrative is contained
within frames called koma. So, to read a page of manga, you start with the
koma in the top right-hand corner and you end with the koma in the
when during the brutal escalation of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the skies
over Kyiv were heroically defended by Ukrainian pilots of the 40th
Tactical Aviation Brigade.The author, who goes by the pseudonym
Matsuda Heavy Industries, has made 21 works on military topics: Maria
of Na miracle, Third flight Resonator, May Day Isoroku Yamamoto and
others. The Ghost of Kyiv is a doujinshi manga, i.e. amateur manga
published at the expense of the author. It is unknown at this time if the
sequel is planned. But it is known that the Ghost of Kyiv is a collective
image of the pilots of the 40th Tactical Aviation Brigade of the Air Forces,
who protect the sky of the capital of Ukraine, and who suddenly appear
where they are not expected. This is what the Armed Forces
Command claims. The Phantom of Kyiv is a collective image of all the
pilots. They are our heroes and patriots and we are proud of them! They
protect the Ukrainian sky.
“The Ghost” shot down numerous Russian planes, survived enemy
attacks and became a symbol of Ukraine’s surprisingly effective air
defenses, earning a bold wartime moniker: The Ghost of Kyiv. The feat of
the Ukrainian aces gave rise to the legend of the Ghost of Kiev, MiG-29
pilot, who, in the first 30 hours of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, won 6
air victories in the sky over the capital: he shot down two Su-35, two Su-
25, Su-27 and MiG- 29.
The Ukrainian version of The Ghost of Kyiv has been released in
Ukraine. The first Ukrainian edition was 10000 copies, English – 2000.The
publication was in mid-July.
I firmly believe that there’s a manga for every reader. Hopefully,
one of the following titles piques your interest. Reading regularly is
essential, so find a time to read and stick to it. This could be every day,
every few days or every week. And a popular trend in reading will help
you to get these positive emotions!
References
1. Manga about the Ghost of Kyiv released in Japan. URL:
https://mezha.media/en/2022/05/05/manga-about-the-ghost-of-kyiv-
released-in-japan
2. A Beginner's Guide to Manga. URL:
https://www.nypl.org/blog/2018/12/27/beginners-guide-manga
3. All About Japanese Manga. URL:
https://www.animationcareerreview.com/articles/all-about-japanese-
manga