Statistical Test Levels of Measurement Research Method Between-Participants One Categorical Independent Variable One Sample T-Test (two groups only) One Continuous Dependent Variable Compare one mean score to a known score Between-Participants One Categorical Independent Variable Independent Samples T-Test (two groups only) One Continuous Dependent Variable Experiment or Quasi-Experiment Within-Participants One Categorical Independent Variable Paired Samples T-test (two groups only) One Continuous Dependent Variable Experiment or Quasi-Experiment Within-Participants Pearson’s Correlation Two or More Continuous Variables Correlational Two or More Ordinal Variables Within-Participants Spearman’s Rho & Kendall’s Tau Continuous Data (Not Normally Distributed) Correlational Between-Participants Chi-Square – Goodness of Fit One Categorical Variable Experiment or Quasi-Experiment Between-Participants Chi-Square – Multi-Dimensional Two Categorical Variables Experiment or Quasi-Experiment Between-Participants One Categorical Independent Variable One Way ANOVA (two or more groups) One Continuous Dependent Variable Experiment or Quasi-Experiment Within-Participants One Categorical Independent Variable Repeated Measures ANOVA (two or more groups) One Continuous Dependent Variable Experiment or Quasi-Experiment One Continuous Dependent Variable Within-Participants Regression Analysis Multiple Continuous Predictor Variables Correlational (Categorical Predictors Can Only Have Two Categories)