Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 34
KHÁI NIỆM VỀ HỢP CHẤT HỮU CƠ

VÀ HÓA HỌC HỮU CƠ

I. Khái niệm về Hợp chất hữu cơ:
1. Hơp chất hữu cơ có ở đâu? - Trong cơ thể sinh vật….
- Trong hầu hết các loại lương thực, thực phẩm….
- Trong các loại đồ dùng…
- Trong cơ thể con người…
2. Hợp chất hữu cơ là gì?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Hợp chất hữu cơ được phân loại như thế nào?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Khái niệm về Hóa học hữu cơ:
- Hóa học hữu cơ là
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………....
- Hóa học hữu cơ có nhiều phân ngành khác nhau
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
• Bài tập: Cho các chất sau: C6H6, CaCO3, C4H10, C2H6O, NaNO3, CH3NO2, NaHCO3, C2H3O2Na.
Hãy sắp xếp các chất vào cột sau sao cho thích hợp:
Hợp chất hữu cơ
Hợp chất vô cơ
Hidrocacbon Dẫn xuất của hidrocacbon

Page 1
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 35

CẤU TẠO PHÂN TỬ HỢP CHẤT HỮU CƠ

I. Đặc điểm cấu tạo phân tử hợp chất hữu cơ:
1. Hóa trị và liên kết giữa các nguyên tử
- Trong các hợp chất hữu cơ, C luôn có hóa trị IV, H có hóa trị I, O có hóa trị II. Dùng mỗi nét gạch
biểu diễn một đơn vị hóa trị của nguyên tố, ta có:

Cacbon: -C- Hidro: -H Oxi: -O-

- Biểu diễn liên kết giữa các nguyên tử trong những phân tử sau:
CH4 CH3Cl CH3OH

- Kết luận: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Mạch Cacbon:
- Biểu diễn liên kết giữa các nguyên tử trong phân tử C2H6, C3H8:

C2H6: C3H8:

- Kết luận: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Có ba loại mạch Cacbon: Biểu diễn liên kết giữa các nguyên tử trong phân tử C4H10 theo ba loại
mạch Cacbon sau:
Mạch thẳng Mạch nhánh Mạch vòng

Page 2
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
3. Trật tự liên kết giữa các nguyên tử trong phân tử:
- Hãy biểu diễn trật tự liên kết giữa các nguyên tử trong phân tử C2H6O theo các cách có thể sao cho
bảo đảm đúng hóa trị của chúng.

- Kết luận:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. Công thức cấu tạo:

- Công thức cấu tạo cho biết 3 ý sau:

 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Công thức cấu tạo của một số chất:

Methane – CH4 Ethanol – C2H6O Đimethyl eter – C2H6O

CTCT

đầy đủ

CTCT

Thu gọn

Page 3
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 36

CH4 = 16
I. Traïng thaùi tự nhiên – Tính chất vật lý:
- ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
- ____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
II. Cấu tạo phân tử:
- Công thức cấu tạo của methane:
- Nhận xét:
+ Giữa nguyên tử C và nguyên tử H là _________________
+ Trong phân tử methane có ___________________________
- Mở rộng: CTPT dạng chung cho methane là CnH2n+2, gọi chung là alkane
III. Tính chất hóa học:
1) Tác dụng với khí oxygen:
- PTHH:
____________________________________________________________________________________
- Nhận xét:
Phản ứng _______________________Hỗn hợp gồm 1V CH4 và 2V O2 là ________________________

2) Tác dụng với khí Chlorine:

- Hiện tượng thí nghiệm:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
- PTHH: Viết PTHH dạng CTCT đầy đủ và thu gọn

- Nhận xét:
__________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Ứng dụng:
O
- Là nguyên liệu điều chế hydrogen : CH4 + 2H2Ot , xúc tác CO2 + 4H2
- Là nhiên liệu trong đời sống và sản xuất. Điều chế bột than và nhiều chất khác.
V. Sản xuất:
CH3COONa + NaOH tO, CaO __________ + ___________

Page 4
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 37

C2H4 = 28
I. Tính chất vật lý:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
II. Cấu tạo phân tử:
- Công thức cấu tạo của ethylene: viết dạng đầy đủ và thu gọn
- Nhận xét:
+ Giữa 2 nguyên tử C có ____________________________
Liên kết như vậy gọi là ______________________________
+ Trong liên kết đôi có ______________________________
_________________________________ trong các phản ứng hóa học.
- Mở rộng: CTPT dạng chung cho etylen là CnH2n, gọi chung là alkene
III. Tính chất hóa học:
1) Tác dụng với khí oxygen:
- PTHH:
____________________________________________________________________________________
2) Tác dụng với dung dịch Bromine:
- Hiện tượng: _________________________________________________________________________
- PTHH: viết dạng đầy đủ và thu gọn

- Nhận xét:
__________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Page 5
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

3) Các phân tử etylen có kết hợp với nhau không?

- PTHH:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

Hoặc: nCH2 = CH2 Xúc tác, áp suất, tO __________________________

- Nhận xét:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Ứng dụng:

Ethylene

V. Sản xuất:
O
C2H5OH t , H2SO4 đặc ______________ + ______________

Page 6
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 38

C2H2 = 26
I. Tính chất vật lý:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
II. Cấu tạo phân tử:
- Công thức cấu tạo của acetylene: viết dạng đầy đủ và thu gọn
- Nhận xét:
+ Giữa 2 nguyên tử C có ____________________________
+ Trong liên kết ba có ______________________________
_________________________________ trong các phản ứng hóa học.
- Mở rộng: CTPT dạng chung cho acetylene là CnH2n-2, gọi chung là alkyne
III. Tính chất hóa học:
1) Tác dụng với khí oxygen:
- PTHH:
____________________________________________________________________________________
2) Tác dụng với dung dịch Bromine:
- Hiện tượng: _________________________________________________________________________
- PTHH:
+ Giai đoạn 1: _______________________________________________________________________
+ Giai đoạn 2: _______________________________________________________________________
+ Cộng 2 giai đoạn:
____________________________________________________________________________________
+ PTHH dạng CTPT: __________________________________________________________________
- Trong điều kiện thích hợp, acetylene cũng có _______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Ứng dụng:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
V. Điều chế:
______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Page 7
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 40

I. DẦU MỎ:
1. Tính chất vật lý:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Trạng thái tự nhiên, thành phần dầu mỏ:
a. Dầu mỏ có ở đâu?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
b. Cách khái thác dầu mỏ:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. Các sản phẩm chế biến dầu mỏ: (có thể vẽ hình 4.17/trang 127/sgk thay bảng này)
Nhiệt độ Sản phẩm Ứng dụng

Page 8
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
II. KHÍ THIÊN NHIÊN:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
III. DẦU MỎ VÀ KHÍ THIÊN NHIÊN Ở VIỆT NAM
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 9
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 41

I. NHIÊN LIỆU LÀ GÌ?

__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
II. NHIÊN LIỆU ĐƯỢC PHÂN LOẠI NHƯ THẾ NÀO?
1. Nhiên liệu rắn:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Nhiên liệu lỏng:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Nhiên liệu khí:
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
III. SỬ DỤNG NHIÊN LIỆU NHƯ THẾ NÀO HIỆU QUẢ?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 10
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 42

__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 11
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

Page 12
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Baøi 44: ETHYL ALCOHOL - C2H6O = 46

I. TÍNH CHAÁT VAÄT LYÙ:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Ethyl alcohol coøn coù teân goïi naøo khaùc? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….

• Ñoä röôïu:  Ví duï: Röôïu 45O – trong 100ml röôïu 45O coù 45ml röôïu nguyeân chaát vaø 55 ml
nöôùc.

 Ñònh nghóa:
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

 Coâng thöùc tính ñoä röôïu: Ñoä röôïu = (Vröôïu nguyeân chaát x 100): Vröôïu hoãn hôïp
Baøi toaùn ví duï: Tính theå tích röôïu nguyeân chaát coù trong 500ml röôïu 45O? Töø röôïu
treân coù theå pha ñöôïc bao nhieâu lít röôïu 25O?

..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................................................

II. CAÁU TAÏO PHAÂN TÖÛ:

Page 13
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

• Nhaän xeùt: Trong phaân töû ethyl alcohol coù moät nguyeân töû H
……………………………………………………………………………………… maø lieân keát vôùi ……………………………………………., taïo ra
……………………………….. Chính …………………………… …………… laøm cho …………………………………………………
Nhoùm - OH goïi laø ………………………………………………………….…………..

III. TÍNH CHAÁT HOÙA HOÏC:

1. Ethyl alcohol coù chaùy khoâng?
• ............. Hieän töôïng : .....................................................................................................................
...........
• ............. PTPU: ...............................................................................................................................
...........
2. ....................... Ethyl alcohol coù phaûn öùng vôùi kim loaïi Na khoâng?
• ............. Hieän töôïng : ....................................................................................................................
...........
• ............. PTPU: ...............................................................................................................................
...........

............. ...................................................................................................................................................................

• Kết luận:
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. ....................... Phaûn öùng vôùi Acetic acid: Hoïc trong baøi 45 – Acetic acid

Keát luaän: Neâu caùc tính chaát hoùa hoïc cuûa Ethyl alcohol?
............................ .........................................................................................................................................

............................ .........................................................................................................................................

IV...................... ÖÙNG DUÏNG:

• ............. Hoûi: Ethyl alcohol coù nhöõng öùng duïng gì? ÖÙng duïng hieän nay ñang ñöôïc khuyeán khích
söû duïng? Uoáng nhieàu röôïu coù haïi hay coù lôïi cho söùc khoûe? (Uoáng nhieàu röôïu ñeá – coù pha röôïu
methyl alcohol CH3OH – seõ gaây muø maét)

Page 14
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
Traû lôøi:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

V. ...................... ÑIEÀU CHEÁ

• ............. Hoûi: Vieát PTPU ñieàu cheá Ethyl alcohol.: .........................................................................

Baøi 45: ACETIC ACID - C2H4O2 = 60

I. ........................................................................................................................................................ T
ÍNH CHAÁT VAÄT LYÙ:

......................................................................................................................................................................

II.................................................................................................................................................................... C
AÁU TAÏO PHAÂN TÖÛ: Vieát CTCT daïng ñaày ñuû vaø thu goïn cuûa Acetic acid coù CTPT laø C2H4O2

• .............................................................................................................................................. N
haän xeùt:

Trong phaân töû acid, …………………………….. lieân keát vôùi …………………………….. taïo thaønh …………………………………………………
Chính nhoùm ………………………………… laøm cho phaân töû coù …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Nhoùm ………………………………………. goïi laø …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

III. TÍNH CHAÁT HOÙA HOÏC

1. Acetic acid coù tính chaát hoùa hoïc cuûa axit khoâng?
• Neâu hieän töôïng vaø vieát PTPU cho caùc thí nghieäm sau

STT Thí nghieäm Hieän töôïng Phöông trình phaûn öùng

Acetic acid +
1
quyø tím

Page 15
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
Acetic acid + dd
2
NaOH (coù p.p)

3 Acetic acid + CuO

4 Acetic acid + Cu

5 Acetic acid + Mg

Acetic acid +
6
dd Na2CO3

Acetic acid +
7
dd Na2SO4

• Nhaän xeùt:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

2. ........................................................................................................................................................ A
cetic acid coù phaûn öùng vôùi röôïu etylic khoâng?
• .............................................................................................................................................. T
hí nghieäm: hình 5.5/trang 141
• .............................................................................................................................................. H
ieän töôïng:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

• .............................................................................................................................................. P
Phöông trình phaûn öùng: Vieát PTPU daïng CTCT thu goïn vaø CTPT

Page 16
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Nhaän xeùt: Neâu teân goïi, tính chaát vaø öùng duïng cuûa saûn phaåm taïo thaønh töø phaûn öùng giöõa Acetic acid vaø
Ethyl alcohol? Phaûn öùng giöõa acid vaø alcohol goïi laø phaûn öùng gì?

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

IV. ÖÙNG DUÏNG:

• .............................................................................................................................................. H
oûi: Töø Acetic acid ta coù theå ñieàu cheá ñöôïc nhöõng saûn phaåm naøo? Dung dòch Acetic acid coù noàng
ñoä 2% - 5% coù öùng duïng gì trong ñôøi soáng?
Traû lôøi:
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

V. ÑIEÀU CHEÁ:
▪ Trong coâng nghieäp:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

▪ Trong daân gian:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 17
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
Bài 46: CHẤT BÉO
I. CHAÁT BEÙO COÙ ÔÛ ÑAÂU?

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

II. TÍNH CHAÁT VAÄT LYÙ:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

III. THAØNH PHAÀN VAØ CAÁU TAÏO:

• Thí nghieäm:
O O
Chaát beùo + H2O t , tp, p Glyxerol (Glycerin) + Axit beùo
- Glyxerol: C3H5(OH)3
- Acid beùo: R – COOH + C17H35COOH Stearic acid
+ C17H33COOH Oleic acid
+ C15H31COOH Panmitic acid
• Keát luaän:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

IV. TÍNH CHAÁT HOÙA HOÏC

1. Phaûn öùng thuûy phaân trong moâi tröôøng acid

......................................................................................................................................................................

2. Phaûn öùng thuûy phaân trong moâi tröôøng kieàm – Phaûn öùng xaø phoøng hoùa

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

V. ÖÙNG DUÏNG:
• Hoûi: Chaát beùo coù öùng duïng gì? Caùch baûo quaûn chaát beùo?
Traû lôøi:
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

Page 18
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
Bài 48: GLUCOSE – C6H12O6 = 180
I. TRAÏNG THAÙI TÖÏ NHIEÂN:
• Hoûi: Gluxit laø gì? Gluxit naøo tieâu bieåu vaø quan troïng? Glucose coù ôû ñaâu?
Traû lôøi:
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

II. TÍNH CHAÁT VAÄT LYÙ:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

III. TÍNH CHAÁT HOÙA HOÏC

1. Phaûn öùng oxi hoùa glucose
• Thí nghieäm:

......................................................................................................................................................................

• Hieän töôïng:
• Phöông trình hoùa hoïc:
• Hoûi: Phaûn öùng oxi hoùa glucose thaønh chaát gì? Phaûn öùng naøy duøng ñeå laøm gì?
Traû lôøi: ...............................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................

2. Phaûn öùng leân men röôïu:

• Hoûi: Haõy neâu caùch laøm rượu töø traùi nho?
• Phöông trình hoùa hoïc:

IV. ÖÙNG DUÏNG:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Page 19
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
BàAi 51: SACCAROSE – C12H22O11
I. TRAÏNG THAÙI TUÏ NHIEÂN:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

II. TÍNH CHAÁT VAÄT LYÙ:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

III. TÍNH CHAÁT HOÙA HOÏC:

• Thí nghieäm:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

• Hieän töôïng:
• Phöông trình phaûn öùng:
• Hoûi: Glucose khaùc nhö theá naøo so vôùi Fructose?
Traû lôøi: ...............................................................................................................................................
IV. ÖÙNG DUÏNG:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Baøi taäp: 1, 2, 3, 4 trang 155/ sgk

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Page 20
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Bài 49, 50
LUYỆN TẬP
ETHYLENE, ETHYL ALCOHOL, ACETIC ACID VÀ CHẤT BÉO
I. KIEÁN THÖÙC CAÀN NHÔÙ
• Neâu ngaén goïn CTCT, tính chaát vaät lyù vaø tính chaát hoùa hoïc cuûa alcohol ethylic, acetic acid, chaát
beùo

CHAÁT CTCT ñaày ñuû TÍNH CHAÁT TÍNH CHAÁT HOÙA HOÏC

vaø thu goïn VAÄT LYÙ

Ethyl
Alcohol

C2H6O

Acetic
acid

C2H4O2

Chaát beùo

RCOOR’

Page 21
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

II. SÔ ÑOÀ LIEÂN HEÄ GIÖÕA ETHYLENE, ETHYL ALCOHOL VAØ ACETIC ACID
1 2 3
Ethylene Ethyl alcohol Acetic acid Ethyl acetate

• Hoûi: Haõy vieát PTPU theå hieän moái lieân heä giöõa caùc chaát
Traû lôøi:
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

III. BAØI TAÄP: Baøi 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 trang 148, 149 sgk

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................
Page 22
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Page 23
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Page 24
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023

Baøi 52: TINH BOÄT VAØ CELLULOSE

CHAÁT TINH BOÄT CELLULOSE

Traïng
thaùi töï
nhieân

Tính
chaát

Vaät lyù

Ñaëc
ñieåm

caáu taïo

Phaân töû

Tính
chaát

Hoùa hoïc

ÖÙng
duïng

Page 25
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
• Baøi taäp: Baøi 3/ 158/ sgk

..... ......................................................................................................................................................................

..... ......................................................................................................................................................................

..... ......................................................................................................................................................................

..... ......................................................................................................................................................................

..... ......................................................................................................................................................................

..... ......................................................................................................................................................................

..... ......................................................................................................................................................................

Baøi 53: PROTEIN

I. TRAÏNG THAÙI TÖÏ NHIEÂN:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

II. THAØNH PHAÀN VAØ CAÁU TAÏO PHAÂN TÖÛ:

1. Thaønh phaàn nguyeân toá:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

2. Caáu taïo phaân töû:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

III. TÍNH CHAÁT:

1. Phaûn öùng thuûy phaân:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

2. Söï phaân huûy bôûi nhieät:

• Thí nghieäm vaø hieän töôïng:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

• Nhaän xeùt:

Page 26
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................

3. Söï ñoâng tuï:

• Thí nghieäm vaø hieän töôïng:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

• Nhaän xeùt:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

IV. ÖÙNG DUÏNG:

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

Baøi 54: POLYMER

I. KHAÙI NIEÄM VEÀ POLYMER
1. Polymer laø gì?
• Hoûi: Neâu ví duï veà moät soá polymer ñaõ hoïc? Töø ñoù neâu ñònh nghóa polymer? Polymer ñöôïc chia
thaønh nhöõng loaïi naøo?
Traû lôøi: ...............................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................
2. Polymer coù caáu taïo vaø tính chaát nhö theá naøo?
• Hoûi 1: Neâu coâng thöùc chung vaø maét xích cuûa moãi loaïi polymer sau
Traû lôøi:
Polymer Coâng thöc chung Maét xích

Polyethylene (PE)

Tinh boät,

Page 27
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
Cellulose

Poly vinyl chlorua

(PVC)

• Hoûi 2: Caùc maét xích lieân keát vôùi nhau taïo thaønh loaïi maïch C naøo? Maïch phaân töû polymer lieân
keát vôùi nhau baèng caùch naøo?
Traû lôøi: ...............................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

• Hoûi 3: Neâu tính chaát cuûa polymer?

Traû lôøi: ...............................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

II. ÖÙNG DUÏNG

1. Chaát deûo:
a) Chaát deûo laø gì?

......................................................................................................................................................................

b) Thaønh phaàn cuûa chaát deûo:

......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................

c) Tính chaát vaø öùng duïng cuûa chaát deûo:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

2. Tô:
a) Tô laø gì?

......................................................................................................................................................................

Page 28
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
......................................................................................................................................................................

b) Phaân loaïi:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

3. Cao su:
• Hoûi: Cao su laø gì? Phaân loaïi nhö theá naøo? Öu ñieåm cuûa cao su?
• Traû lôøi:

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Baøi 55: THÖÏC HAØNH: TÍNH CHAÁT CUÛA GLUXIT

Baøi 56: OÂN TAÄP CUOÁI NAÊM
Phaàn I – HOÙA VOÂ CÔ

I. KIEÁN THÖÙC CAÀN NHÔÙ:

1) Sô ñoà moái quan heä giöõa caùc loaïi chaát voâ cô: SGK trang 167
2) Phaûn öùng hoùa hoïc theå hieän moái quan heä:
a) Kim loaïi →Muoái → Kim loaïi
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

b) Phi kim → Muoái → Phi kim

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

c) Kim loaïi → Basic oxide → Kim loaïi

Page 29
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

d) Phi kim → Acid → Phi kim

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

e) Basic oxide → Muoái → Basic oxide

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

f) Acidic oxide → Muoái → Acidic oxide

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

II. BAØI TAÄP: Baøi 2, 5 trang 167 sgk

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Phaàn II – HOÙA HÖÕU CÔ

I. KIEÁN THÖÙC CAÀN NHÔÙ:

1) Coâng thöùc caáu taïo: Methane, Ethylene, Acetylene, Ethyl alcohol, Acetic acid
2) Caùc phaûn öùng quan troïng:
a) Phaûn öùng chaùy cuûa caùc hydrocarbon, ethyl alcohol
b) Phaûn öùng theá cuûa methane vôùi clo.
c) Phaûn öùng coäng cuûa ethylene, acetylene; phaûn öùng truøng hôïp cuûa ethylene
Page 30
Tài liệu Hóa 9 HỌC KÌ 2 – CHƯƠNG 4, 5 Năm học : 2022 – 2023
d) Phaûn öùng cuûa ethyl alcohol vôùi kim loaïi Na, vôùi Acetic acid.
e) Phaûn öùng cuûa Acetic acid vôùi kim loaïi, base, basic oxide, muoái carbonate.
f) Phaûn öùng thuûy phaân cuûa chaát beùo, gluxit, protein.
3) Caùc öùng duïng:
a) ÖÙng duïng cuûa hydrocarbon.
b) ..................................................................................................................................................
ÖÙng duïng cuûa chaát beùo, gluxit, protein.
c) ÖÙng duïng cuûa polymer.
II. BAØI TAÄP: Baøi 3, 5 trang 168 sgk

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................

Page 31