What is Physical Change?

• In a warm place, solid ice melts to become liquid water. This

is a change of state.
• A change of state is a physical change.
• A physical change alters how a substance looks or feels.
• In a physical change, the substance does not change into a
new substance.
What is Reversible?

• When you put the liquid water back in the freezer it becomes
solid again! We say that the change is reversible.
• How does reversible work?
when we can change solid ice to liquid water and also liquid
water back to solid ice.
• heating causes ice to melt into liquid water. When the water
loses heat and cools it becomes solid again.
What is Irreversible?

• Sometimes the changes can not be reversed. We call these

irreversible changes.
• What happens when we burn a match? Can the match
change back to the way it was?
• Some irreversible changes turn into chemical change.
• Chemical change: it is when a substance changes or turns
into another substance.
• For example, when we burn a match the wood changes into a
black substance called Carbon.
Dissolving:

• Some substances can dissolve in water or other liquids.

• For example, sea water is salty because there is dissolved salt
in the water.
 Solute Vs Solvent

• Solute: is a substance that is added to a solvent to form a

solution.
• Solvent: is a substance that dissolves the solute particles
during the formation of a solution.
• Solution: is a mixture of two or more substances.
Example:
What happens when a solute
dissolves?

• When a solute dissolves, the particles of solute move

between the solvent particles. The solute particles
spread evenly in the solvent. Because of this you can
not see the solute in a solution after it has dissolved.
We say that a solution has a uniform appearance.
This means that it looks the same throughout.
Can we make solids dissolve faster?

• Stirring is one way to make solid solutes to dissolve faster.

Stirring causes the particles of the solute to spread out into
the space between the particles of the solvent more quickly
• Stirring increases the rate at which a solute dissolves.
• The rate is how fast something happens.
• What other ways or methods can we use to make solids
dissolve faster?
• Another way to make solutes dissolve faster is increasing the
temperature of a substance.
• The heat adds energy to the particles of the substance, this
energy causes them to move faster and spread out more.
• In a heated solvent, the particles of the solute also gain
energy and move faster than a cooler solvent. This allows
the particles of the solute to spread through the solution
more easily, so the solute dissolves faster.
 Are rusting, burning and cooking
reversible or irreversible changes?

Reversible

Irreversible
 Are melting, freezing and
evaporating irreversible or
reversible changes?

Reversible

Irreversible
 True or False?
Most reversible changes are
physical changes.

True

False
Which changes are irreversible?

Frying an egg Dissolving salt in water

Freezing water
Burning wood
to make ice

Melting chocolate Making bread into toast

Mixing vinegar and

Water turning into steam
bicarbonate of soda
 True or False?
Beating an egg changes the consistency of
the egg irreversibly but the chemical
composition of the egg will stay the same.

True

False
 True or False?
Changes to mixed materials can be reversed
by filtration, evaporation, sieving or pouring.

True

False
Which materials will dissolve
in water?

salt pepper

tea leaves Instant coffee

sand jelly crystals

sugar cooking oil

What is the correct scientific word
for describing something that
does not dissolve in water?

filtration

insoluble

solution
What would make a solid dissolve
quicker in water?
Stirring it quickly or longer

Adding more heat

Making the solid into bigger pieces

Making the solid into smaller particles