Embryolo gy of Ear

External Ear
IP branchial
·

Develops from
cleft
·
Structure
developing from
Pouch = Endodermal

&left: Ectodermal
Arch= Mesodermal

↑
iuna:

Around
·
6th week
of IUL

·
Develops from six hillocks or Tubercles of His around It

pharyngeal cleft.

·
the series
of six tubercles
appear
around the
first
branchial deft.
to auricle.
·

They progressively coalesce form the

Tragus develops from the

while
·
tubercle of first arch

of pinna develops from remaining

nest 5 tubercles

second arch
of
·

By 20th week, pinna achieves adult shape.

 Anomalies of Pinna:

(i) Pre-auricular sinus -

tubercles.
·

Defective fusion of
· Most
commonly found just above

the
trague anteriorly.
(ii) Anotia. Failure
of development
of hillocks

(iii) Microtia -

(Diminutive ear) -

It is

isolated
usually an
congenital abnormality, but
is sometimes arouted with recognized syndromes
as fetal alcohal syndrome, maternal diabetes
syndrome, thalidomide and isotretinoin
exposure

wix. But ear

deformity -

Defective development of 4th

tubercle absence antihelix.

causing of
* Polyotia (mirror car) -
Caused by persistence
tissue.
of preauricular
· lies in
front of tragus in the
posterior
aspect of the cheek
His Stahl's Bar (Satino's earn) -

· Helix is flattened and the

upper
crus
of antihelix is

duplicated, producing a
ridge
helix.
cartilage running from antihelix to rim
6)
of

External Auditory Canal:

Develops from the

First branchial

cleft
about 16th
·

By embryonic week
cells
proliferate from the bottom

of
ectoderm cleft and from a

metal
plug.
·
Recanalization of this
plug forms the
epithelial lining
meatus
of bony
·
Decanalization begins from the deeper part near the

tympanic membrane and progress outwards.

External 28th
·
ear canal is
fully formed by week y
gestation.
 Middle Ear

Tympanic membrane.

Develops from all the 3

germinal layers.
Outer Ectoderm
·

epithelial layer:
Middle fibrous layer = Mesoderm

Inner mucosal Endoderm

Layer:

Middle Ear
↑
cleft:

·
The custachian tube. tympanic cavity, attic, autum
mastoid
and air cells
develop from the endoderm

of tubotympanic recess which arises

from the

first second
&
partly pharyngeal pouches.
Malleus Incus=Mesoderm First arch
· &
of
stapes Mesoderm Secondarch
-

of
do

Except footplate & Annular

ligament: Otic capsule
 Inner Ear &Membranous inner ear (

starts
Development of inner
·
ear

in the 3rd week

of fetal life
and 16th
complete by
week

Bony Labyrinth=Otic Capsule

(Secondary inoderm
· Membranous
labyrinth =
Otic vesick (surface Ectoderm)

Development of pars superior (semicircular canals &

utricle) than
takes place earlier
pars inferior
( saccule and cochlea

·
The cochlea is developed sufficiently by 20 weeks of
and fetwe
gestation can hear in the womb
of mother.

Explain how Abhimanya,while still unborn.

could have heard the conversation between

his mother a father (Arjan), in the Indian epic

↓ he Mahabharata.

C
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