Chapter 04-Analysis and Design of Rectangular Footing

CHAPTER 04
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR

FOOTING
CE425 - PROFESSIONAL COURSE - FOUNDATION AND RETAINING WALL DESIGN
ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL

INSTRUCTOR
ISOLATED FOOTING
Isolated or single-column footing is a square, rectangular, or circular slab of concrete that supports
an individual column. These are widely used for columns with light load and are not closely spaced.
Column
Footing
CHAPTER O4
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

INSTRUCTOR
CE425 - FOUNDATION AND RETAINING WALL DESIGN ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL
INTRODUCTION
Rectangular footing are used where the available space dictates such as shapes or where
the cross sections of the columns are clearly rectangles. A rectangular footing may
required where there is a higher load to spread the load over a larger area.
In general, square footings are
provided under square columns,
and rectangular footings are
provided under rectangular
columns. It does not decrease
the chance of providing square
footing under a rectangular
column, but it will not be
economical.
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
A 0.35 m footing is to support a 0.50 m square 0.5m x 0.5m PDL = 250 kN
Reinforced Concrete Column loaded with RC Column PLL = 390 kN
250kN Dead Load and 390kN Live Load. The
Allowable Soil Pressure is 75 kPa. Soil Back ll is 20 mm ø
RSB
0.65 m thick. Consider Soil Weighs 19.2 kN/m3
and Concrete 23.6 kN/m3. It is to be reinforced 19.2 kN/m3
0.35 m 0.65 m
with 20 mm ø. The footing width is limited to a r s
te
1.00 m
maximum of 3 m. Use f’c = 21 MPa and fy = 275 e
3m
MPa 23.6 kN/m3
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
fi
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: 0.5m x 0.5m PDL = 250 kN
1. If the footing width is limited to a maximum RC Column PLL = 390 kN
of 3 m. Determine the Length required for the 20 mm ø
footing. P RSB
A=
qnet 19.2 kN/m3
0.35 m 0.65 m
P = PDL + PLL qnet = qallow − γshs − γchc r s
te
1.00 m
e
= 250 + 390 = 75 − 19.2(0.65) − 23.6(0.35) 3m
23.6 kN/m3
P = 640 kN qnet = 54.26 kPa
640 640
A= L(3) = L = 3.932 m
54.26 54.26
Say, use Minimum Footing Size: 3.00 m x 4.0 m L
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
2. Consider one-way shear, calculate: RC Column PLL = 390 kN
a. The factored shear at critical section Vu 20 mm ø
b. The shear strength of the ΦVc RSB
Pu = 1.2PDL + 1.6PLL 924
wu =
0.35 m 0.65 m
= 1.2(250) + 1.6(390) 4.0 ter s
1.00 m
e
3m
wu = 231 kN/m
Pu = 924 kN d
d = hc − Cc − 0.5db
0.075m
= 350 − 75 − 0.5(20) wu = 231 kN/m
d = 265 mm 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
a. The factored shear at critical section Vu 20 mm ø
0.5m x 0.5m 4.0 m
RC Column Longer Longer
0.35 m 0.65 m
Overhang Overhang
1.00 m
1.25 m
3.0 m
3.0 m
1.75 m 1.75 m d = 0.265 m
1.25 m
0.075m
wu = 231 kN/m
4.0 m 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Shear
a. The factored shear at critical section Vu 20 mm ø Section
1.485 m
ϕVc ≥ Vu 1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
1.00 m
ϕ = 0.75 for shear Vu d
Vu = wu × l d = 0.265 m
= 231(1.485)
wu = 231 kN/m 0.075m
Vu = 343.035 kN wu = 231 kN/m
Shear Section
4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Shear
a. The factored shear at critical section Vu 20 mm ø Section
ϕVc ≥ Vu ϕ = 0.75 for shear 1.485 m
1.75 m 1.75 m
1
0.35 m 0.65 m
ϕVc = ϕ λ f′c bwd
1.00 m
6 Vu d
1
= (0.75) (1.0) 21(3,000)(265) d = 0.265 m
6
ϕVc = 455.393 kN
wu = 231 kN/m 0.075m
455.393 kN > 343.035 kN wu = 231 kN/m
Shear Section
Therefore, SAFE FOR SHEAR 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
NSCP 2015
422.6.4 Critical Sections for Two-way Members
422.6.4.1 For two-way shear, critical sections shall be located so that the perimeter bo is a minimum
but need not closer than d/2 to (a) and (b):
(a) Edges or corners of columns, concentrated loads, reactions areas;
(b) Changes in slab or footing thickness, such as edges of capitals, drop panels, or shear caps.
422.6.4.1.1
For square or rectangular columns, concentred loads, or reaction areas, critical sections for two-way
shear in accordance with Section 422.6.4.1 (a) and (b) shall be permitted to be de ned assuming
straight sides.
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
fi
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
Critical Sections for Two-way Members
P
Longer d d Longer
Overhang 2 2 Overhang
d d
2 2
ELEVATION (SECTION) PLAN

CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: 0.5m x 0.5m 924 kN
3. Consider two-way shear, calculate: RC Column
a. The factored shear at critical section Vup 20 mm ø
Pu 924
quNET = = = 77 kPa 1.75 m 1.75 m
A 3.0 × 4.0
0.35 m 0.65 m
1.00 m
422.6.2 E ective Depth
422.6.2.1 For calculation of Vc and Vs for two-way
d
shear, d shall be the average of the e ective depths
in two orthogonal directions.
0.075m quNET = 77 kPa
d = dave = hc − Cc − db = 350 − 75 − 20
d = 255 mm 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
ff
ff
SITUATION NO. 01
0.5m x 0.5m
Punching
RC Column 1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
Shear d d
1.00 m
Section 2 2
0.3
5m d = 255 mm
0.075m quNET = 77 kPa

3.0 0 m
m 4.
4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
924 kN
Vup = Pu − quNET(Ao)
500 + d = 755 mm
d d bo 1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
Pu = 924 kN 2 0.50 m 2
d d
1.00 m
quNET = 77 kPa 2 2
Ao = 0.755 × 0.755 d = 255 mm

Ao = 0.570 m 2
2
Vup = 924 − 77(0.755 ) 500 + d 0.075m quNET = 77 kPa
quNET = 77 kPa
Vup = 880.108 kN 755 mm
4.0 m
Section Plan
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: Table 422.6.5.2
Calculation of vc for Two-way Shear
NSCP 2015
vc
422.6.5.1 For non-prestressed two-way
members vc shall be calculated in accordance 1
with Section 422.6.5.2. For prestressed two- λ f′c (a)
way members v c shall be calculated in 3
accordance with (a) or (b):
6( β)
Least of (a), 1 2
(a) 422.6.5.2 (b), and (c):
1+ λ f′c (b)
(b) Section 422.5.5, if the conditions of Section
422.6.5.4 are satis ed
12 ( bo )
1 asd
422.6.5.2 vc shall be calculated in accordance 2+ λ f′c (c)
with Table 422.6.5.2.
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

fi
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
Table 422.6.5.2
Calculation of vc for Two-way Shear
vc bo is the perimeter of critical section for two-
1 Governs most way shear in slabs and footings, mm
λ f′c (a)
3 of the time
6( β)
1 2 Compute only
β is the ratio of long side to short side of the
1+ λ f′c (b) column, concentrated load, or reaction area.
when β > 2
12 ( bo )
1 asd Compute only as is 40 for interior columns, 30 for edge
2+ λ f′c (c) a d
when s
<2 columns, and 20 for corner columns.
bo
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
NSCP 2015
422.6.5.3 The value of as is 40 for interior columns, 30 for edge columns, and 20 for corner
columns.
INTERIOR COLUMN EDGE COLUMN CORNER COLUMN
bo bo
bo
as = 40 as = 30 as = 20
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
1
500 + d = 755 mm
bo
vc = λ f′c 1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
3 d d
1.00 m
2 2
6( β)
1 2 β>2
vc = 1+ λ f′c d = 0.255 m
1.00 < 2
asd 0.075m
12 ( bo )
1 asd <2 500 + d quNET = 77 kPa
vc = 2+ λ f′c bo 755 mm
3.377 > 2 Plan 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

SITUATION NO. 01
1
ϕVc = ϕ vcbod vc = λ f′c
500 + d = 755 mm
bo
3 1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
d d
1
1.00 m
2 2
ϕVc = ϕ λ f′c bod
3
d = 0.255 m
1
= (0.75) (1.0) 21(3020)(255)
3 0.075m
500 + d quNET = 77 kPa
ϕVc = 882.260 kN 755 mm
Plan 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

SITUATION NO. 01
4. Determine the number of 20 mm ø Rebars RC Column PLL = 390 kN
Bending Section
required in the long direction. 20 mm ø
0.5m x 0.5m Bending RSB
RC Column Section
1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
5 m
. 7
Mu 1
1.00 m
0.3 5 m
5m 1.7
d = 0.265 m
0.075m
3.0 0 m wu = 231 kN/m
m 4.
4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
RSB
As = ρbd Where, As = Area of Reinforcement
• The Maximum Bending 1.75 m 1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
Moment, Mu
1.00 m
wul 2 Mu
Mu = d = 0.265 m
2
2
231(1.75)
= wu = 231 kN/m 0.075m
wu = 231 kN/m
2
Mu = 353.719 kN ∙ m Bending Section 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
RSB
• Resistance Coe cient, Rn
Mu 6
353.719 × 10 1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
Rn = = = 1.866 MPa
ϕbd 2 0.90(3000)(265)2
1.00 m
0.85 f′c 2Rn
ρ= 1− 1− d = 0.265 m
fy 0.85 f′c
0.075m
0.85(21) 2(1.866) wu = 231 kN/m
ρ= 1− 1− ρ = 0.00718
275 0.85 (21) 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

ffi
SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
As = ρbd = 0.00718(3000)(265) RSB
2
As = 5,708.1 mm
1.75 m 1.75 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
1.4 1.4 2
As,min = bwd = 275 (3000)(265) = 4,047.27 mm
1.00 m
fy
d = 0.265 m
f′c 21 2
As,min = bwd = 4(275) (3000)(265) = 3,311.95 mm
4fy 0.075m
wu = 231 kN/m
2
As,min = 0.002Ag = 0.002(350 × 3000) = 2,100 mm 4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
RSB
As
N= 1.75 m 1.75 m
As /bar
0.35 m 0.65 m
1.00 m
5,708.1
= d = 0.265 m
314
N = 18.179 Provide: 19 - 20 mm ø Bars 0.075m
wu = 231 kN/m
4.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
required in the short direction. 20 mm ø
0.5m x 0.5m RSB
Bending
RC Column
Section
1.2 1.25 m 1.25 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
5m
Mu
1.00 m
1.2
0.3 5m
5m
d = 0.245 m
0.075m
3.0 0 m wu = 308 kN/m
m 4.
3.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
RSB
As = ρbd Where, As = Area of Reinforcement
• The Maximum Bending 1.25 m 1.25 m 1.25 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
Moment, Mu
1.00 m
wul 2 Mu
Mu = d = 0.245 m
2
2
308(1.25)
= wu = 308 kN/m 0.075m
wu = 308 kN/m
2
Mu = 240.625 kN ∙ m Bending Section 3.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
• Resistance Coe cient, Rn RSB
Mu 6
240.625 × 10 1.25 m 1.25 m
Rn = = = 1.114 MPa
0.35 m 0.65 m
ϕbd 2 0.90(4000)(245)2
1.00 m
0.85 f′c 2Rn
ρ= 1− 1− d = 0.245 m
fy 0.85 f′c
0.075m
0.85(21) 2(1.114) wu = 308 kN/m
ρ= 1− 1− ρ = 0.00419
275 0.85 (21) 3.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

ffi
SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
As = ρbd = 0.00419(4000)(245) RSB
2
As = 4,107 mm
1.25 m 1.25 m
0.35 m 0.65 m
1.4 1.4 2
As,min = bwd = 275 (4000)(245) = 4,989.09 mm
1.00 m
fy
d = 0.245 m
f′c 21 2
As,min = bwd = 4(275) (4000)(245) = 4,082.658 mm
4fy 0.075m
wu = 308 kN/m
2
As,min = 0.002Ag = 0.002(350 × 4000) = 2,800 mm 3.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

SITUATION NO. 01
Bending Section
RSB
As
N= 1.25 m 1.25 m
As /bar
0.35 m 0.65 m
1.00 m
4,107
= d = 0.245 m
314
N = 13.08 Provide: 14 - 20 mm ø Bars 0.075m
wu = 308 kN/m
3.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
6. Determine the clear spacing of the RC Column PLL = 400 kN
reinforcement along long direction. 20 mm ø
RSB
NSCP 2015 Section 413.3.3.3
In rectangular footings, reinforcement shall be
0.35 m 0.65 m
distributed in accordance with (a) and (b).
1.00 m
(a) reinforcement in long direction shall be
distributed uniformly across entire width of
footing.
3.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
6. Determine the clear spacing of the Check maximum spacing for main bars as per
reinforcement along long direction. NSCP 2015 Section 407.2.2.3:
4.0 m
A
Maximum spacing s of deformed reinforcement
shall be the lesser of:
a. Smax = 3h = 3(350) = 1050 mm
b. Smax = 450 mm
3.0 m
3.0 m
0.35 m
s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
4.0 m
A 3.0 m
PLAN SECTION THRU A-A
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: 19 - 20 mm ø Bars
6. Determine the clear spacing of the
0.35 m
reinforcement along long direction.
A s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s s
4.0 m
3.0 m
SECTION THRU A-A
Spacing, s
B = 2Cc + 19(db) + 18(s)
3.0 m
3.0 m
3000 = 2(75) + 19(20) + 18(s)
s = 137.222 mm ≈ 130 mm
4.0 m s = 130 mm < 450 mm
A
PLAN Therefore s = 130 mm
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
7. Determine the minimum number of bars required
within the band width B of the short direction
NSCP 2015 Section 413.3.3.3
(b) For reinforcement in the short direction, a portion of the total reinforcement, γsAs, shall
be distributed uniformly over a band width equal to the length of short side of footing,
centered on the centerline of column or pedestal. Remainder of reinforcement required in
the short direction, (1 - γs)As, shall be distributed uniformly outside the center band width
of footing, where is calculated by:
2
γs = where β is the ratio of long to short side of footing.
β+1
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION:
7. Determine the minimum number Distribution over band width:
of bars required within the band 2 2 6 6
width B of the short direction γs = = = γs As = (14) = 12
+1 7 7
β+1 4
4.0 m
3
4.0 m
14 - 20 mm ø Bars
3.0 m
3.0 m
0.35 m
s s s s s s s s s s s
B B
3.0 m 3.0 m
PLAN SECTION THRU B-B
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: 4.0 m
14 - 20 mm ø Bars
8. Determine the spacing of bars
0.35 m
required inside the band width B of
the short direction. s s s s s s s s s s s
4.0 m
3.0 m
SECTION THRU B-B
Check maximum spacing for main bars as per
3.0 m
3.0 m
NSCP 2015 Section 407.2.2.3:
B B shall be the lesser of:
3.0 m a. Smax = 3h = 3(350) = 1050 mm
PLAN b. Smax = 450 mm
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: 4.0 m
14 - 20 mm ø Bars
0.35 m
required inside the band width B of
the short direction. s s s s s s s s s s s
4.0 m
3.0 m
SECTION THRU B-B
Spacing, s
B = 12(db) + 11(s)
3.0 m
3.0 m
3000 = 12(20) + 11(s)
s = 250.909 mm ≈ 250 mm
B B
s = 250 mm < 450 mm
3.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: 4.0 m
14 - 20 mm ø Bars
0.35 m
required outside the band width B
of the short direction. s s
4.0 m
0.50 m 3.0 m 0.50 m
SECTION THRU B-B
Check maximum spacing for main bars as per
3.0 m
3.0 m
NSCP 2015 Section 407.2.2.3:
B B shall be the lesser of:
3.0 m a. Smax = 3h = 3(350) = 1050 mm
PLAN b. Smax = 450 mm
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
SITUATION NO. 01
SOLUTION: 4.0 m
14 - 20 mm ø Bars
0.35 m
required outside the band width B
of the short direction. s s
4.0 m
0.50 m 3.0 m 0.50 m
SECTION THRU B-B
Spacing, s
500 = Cc + db + s
3.0 m
3.0 m
500 = 75 + 20 + s
s = 405 mm ≈ 400 mm
B B
s = 400 mm < 450 mm
3.0 m
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR
END OF PRESENTATION
CHAPTER O4

INSTRUCTOR

Chapter 04-Analysis and Design of Rectangular Footing

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CHAPTER 04

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR

ENGR. CHRISTIAN PIMENTEL

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ELEVATION (SECTION) PLAN

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

0.075m quNET = 77 kPa

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

Ao = 0.755 × 0.755 d = 255 mm

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

In rectangular footings, reinforcement shall be

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR FOOTING

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