Physics

Experiment #3
Date: February 8, 2024
Title: Density
Aim: To Find the Density of An Irregular Object Using Archimedes Principle

Apparatus and Materials

1. 100 Ml Measuring Cylinder

2. Small Stone (That Can Easily Fit Inside the Measuring Cylinder)
3. Pipe Water
4. Triple Beam Balance or Electronic Balance
5. Tissue Or Hand Towel

Drawing:

Procedure

1. The Scale Was Set Up and Checked to Ensure That It Is at Zero.

2. The Mass of The Stone Was Weighed and Recorded.
3. 50ml Of Water Was Measured in The Measuring Cylinder.
4. This Was Recorded as The Initial Volume of Water.
 5. The Measuring Cylinder Was Tilted to About 45° And A Small Stone Was Rolled
Down the Sides Without Splashing. It Was Placed on A Levelled Surface; The New
Volume Was Noted and Recorded.
6. This Was Recorded as The Final Volume of The Water.

Calculations

Initial Volume of Water =50 Ml

Final Volume of Water =70.1ml

Net Volume = V2 - V1
Net Volume = 70.1ml – 50ml
Net Volume = 20.1ml
Mass Of Stone = 23.G/20.1ml

Density P = Mass/Volume
=23.9g/20.1ml
=1.19g/Ml

Discussions

Archimedes principle states that when an object is immersed in fluid, it experiences an

upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. This principle
allows us to determine the volume of an irregular object by measuring the volume of fluid it
displaces when submerged.

This method of finding the volume of the stone using Archimedes principle is most suitable
because it provides a direct and accurate way to measure the volume of irregularly shaped
objects. By measuring the volume of water displaced when the stone is submerged, we can
determine its volume without the need for complex calculations or assumptions about its
shape.

Precautions

 The measuring cylinder was carefully filled with water, and the initial and final
volumes were measured accurately.
 The stone was rolled down the sides of the measuring cylinder gently to avoid
splashing and ensure it was fully submerged.
 The meniscus of the water level was read at eye level to avoid parallax error in
volume measurements.

Sources Of Error

 Imperfections in the measuring equipment, such as the measuring cylinder, could

introduce errors in volume measurements.
 Air bubbles clinging to the surface of the stone or inside the measuring cylinder could
affect the volume measurement.
 Human error in reading the volume of water or recording measurements could lead to
inaccuracies in the final result.
Conclusion

In conclusion, the density of the stone was determined to be 1.19 g/ml. This value represents
the mass of the stone per unit volume, calculated using the mass of the stone (23.9 g) divided
by the net volume of water displaced (20.1 ml). Despite potential sources of error, this
method provides a practical and effective way to measure the density of irregular objects
using Archimedes principle.