MECHANICAL VIBRATION - Motion of
a particle or a body which oscillates
about a position of equilibrium
Degrees of Freedom
1. SINGLE DEGREE OF
FREEDOM (SDOF) – requires a
single point on the system to
define its configuration or state.
2. MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM
(>1 DEGREE) - requires
multiple point on the system to
define its configuration or state.
Based on Applied Forces
1. FREE VIBRATION – the motion
is maintained by the restoring
forces only
2. FORCED VIBRATION – external
periodic force is applied to the
system
Based on Restrictive Forces
1. UNDAMPED – effects of friction
can be neglected
2. DAMPED - motion will slowly
decreases until, after a certain
time, the motion comes to a stop.
There is a force stopping the
motion.
Spring-Mass Model
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION -
repetitive movement back and forth
through an equilibrium, or central,
position, so that the maximum
displacement on one side of this
position is equal to the maximum
displacement on the other side.
NATURAL CIRCULAR FREQUENCY -
frequency at which the system naturally
oscillates.
a
PERIOD - the length of one cycle of the
curve.
NATURAL FREQUENCY - the number
of times the sine wave goes through a
complete cycle in the space of 1
second.
AMPLITUDE - the distance from the
middle value or line running through the
graph up to the highest point.
PHASE ANGLE - the angular
displacement of a sinusoid from a
reference point or time.
Free Vibration of Rigid Bodies

AREA MOMENT OF INERTIA – a

property of a two- dimensional plane
shape, where it shows how its points are
dispersed in an arbitrary axis in the
cross-sectional plane.

MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA – a

quantity that is used in measuring a
body's resistance to a change in its
rotation direction or angular.

Equivalent System

SIMPLIFICATION OF A SYSTEM -
turning higher degree of freedom into
lower degree of freedom (into SDOF)

DETERMINING THE EQUIVALENT

STIFFNESS
● Assuming its weight is smaller
than other masses in the system.
● Its inertia is neglected