Least-square method:

1
47 ⋅ a 13
⌠ ((−2 − x ⋅ (1 − x)) ⋅ (−2 ⋅ a − a ⋅ x ⋅ (1 − x) + x)) d x → ――
⌡ −―
0 10 12

13 10
Computed value a: ― ⋅ ― = 0.23
12 47

Galerkin method:

1
⌠ ((x ⋅ (1 − x)) ⋅ (−2 ⋅ a − a ⋅ x ⋅ (1 − x) + x)) d x → ―1 11 ⋅ a
⌡ − ――
0 12 30

1 30
Computed value a: ― ⋅ ― = 0.227
12 11

Numerical integrals:
1 2
―
3
―
3
⌠ (−3 ⋅ (3 ⋅ a1) − 3 ⋅ x ⋅ (3 ⋅ a1 ⋅ x) + x ⋅ (3 ⋅ x)) d x + ⌠ (3 ⋅ (−3 ⋅ a1 + 3 ⋅ a2) − (2 − 3 ⋅ x) ⋅ (2 ⋅ a1 − 3 ⋅ a1 ⋅ x + 3 ⋅ a2 ⋅ x − a2) + (x ⋅ (2 −
⌡ ⌡
0 1
―3
53 ⋅ a2 56 ⋅ a1 1 53 56 1
――― − ――― +― ― = 2.944 ― = 6.222 ―= 0.111
18 9 9 18 9 9

2
―
3 1
⌠ (−3 ⋅ (−3 ⋅ a1 + 3 ⋅ a2) − (3 ⋅ x − 1) ⋅ (2 ⋅ a1 − 3 ⋅ a1 ⋅ x + 3 ⋅ a2 ⋅ x − a2) + x ⋅ (3 ⋅ x − 1)) d x + ⌠ (3 ⋅ (−3 ⋅ a2) − (3 − 3 ⋅ x) ⋅ (3 ⋅
⌡ ⌡
1 2
―
3
―3
53 ⋅ a1 56 ⋅ a2 2 53 56 2
――― − ――― +― ― = 2.944 ― = 6.222 ―= 0.222
18 9 9 18 9 9

Step function:
 3 3| 3 3|
‖2−3⋅x ‖3⋅x−1
‖ ‖
else else
‖0 ‖3−3⋅x
‖ ‖

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6
u1 (x) + u2 (x)
0.5

0.4 u1 (x)
0.3
u2 (x)
0.2

0.1

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

a1 u1 (x) + a2 u2 (x)

0.061

0.055

0.05

0.044

0.039

0.033

0.028

0.022

0.017

0.011