ДИСТАНЦІЙНЕ ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАНЯТТЯ 15

з дисципліни «Англійська мова за професійним спрямуванням»для

спеціальності «192 Будівництво та цивільна інженерія»на тему “Silicate
Industry” (“Силікатна промисловість”)

TASK 1

After watching the videos, I was surprised at the variety of sustainable building
materials that can be used in place of conventional concrete. Some of these, such
as stone flour, I had heard of before, but others, such as ultra-light foam
concretes, were new to me.

I liked that many of these materials are made from renewable sources and can be
recycled or reused. Also, I was surprised to learn that some of them can be used
to create green roofs and walls, which contributes to the conservation of the
natural environment.

Overall, these videos have given me the understanding that there are many
alternatives to traditional building materials that can be used to create green and
sustainable buildings.

TASK 2

1. Concrete production is harmful to the environment because its key ingredient,

cement, has major environmental implications. The industrial extraction and high
temperatures involved in the production process lead to the emission of one
tonne of CO2 for every tonne of cement produced. This accounts for 5% of annual
global anthropogenic CO2 produced.
2. Carbon dioxide has both benefits and harms. In terms of benefits, carbon
dioxide supports the process of photosynthesis carried out by plants. However, as
a greenhouse gas, it affects the heat exchange of the planet with the surrounding
space, effectively blocking the reflected infrared radiation at a number of
frequencies, and thus participates in the formation of the planet's climate.
Anthropogenic activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation have
led to a rapid increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. The
current level of CO2 in the atmosphere is the highest in the last 800 thousand
years and possibly in the last 20 million years.

3. "Green" building materials are those that offer sustainable alternatives to

concrete and have less impact on the environment. The text lists 11 such
materials, which could include materials made from renewable resources or
recycled materials, those with lower carbon footprints, or those that are
biodegradable or compostable.

LEARNING A NEW THEME “SILICATE INDUSTRY”

TASK 4

crucial - вирiшальний
specific - конкретний
special - особливий
sociology - соцioлогiя
licence - лiцензiя
financial - фiнансовий
associate - асоцiйований
medicine - медицина
concept - сприйняття
perception - сприйняття
beneficiary - бенефiцарiй
process - процес
percent - вiдсоток
essentially - iстотно
presidential – президентський

TASK 5

misunderstand - understand
dislike - like
unlock - lock
nonprofitable - profitable
irregular - regular
truthless - truthful
dissatisfied - satisfied
illegal - legal
useless - useful
indifferent - interested
lawless - lawful
unskilled - skilled
misfortune - fortune
nonessential - essential
important - unimportant
meaningful - meaningless
displeased - pleased
imperfect - perfect
unfair - fair
inactive - active
indefinite - definite

TASK 6

Could you please switch off your laptop?

Would you mind not smoking, please?
Can you tell me if the letter has been received?
Would you please tell me what the time is now?
Could I ask you to send an email?
Is there somewhere I could wait for me outside?
Could I borrow your mobile, please?

TASK 7

вироби зі скла (Glass production)

природна суміш (Natural mixture)
розплавлена маса (Liquid mass)
в'яжуча речовина (Binding material)
циліндрична обертальна піч (Cylindrical rotary kilns)
нагрівання вапняку (Heating limestone)
виготовлення розчину і штукатурки (Production of cement and plaster)
гашене вапно (Slaked lime)

TASK 8

1. A mixture of coarse and fine grains is used in making denser and stronger
concrete with less cement than when only fine-grained sand is used.
2. Cement is often mixed with sand or gravel to make concrete.
3. The production of ceramic goods is based on the property of clay, which can be
moulded into various articles when mixed with water and then baked at a high
temperature to become hard and retain their shape.
4. Clay mixed with water and sand is moulded into bricks, which are then dried
and baked to become hard.
5. The following sands are used for mortars: pit or quarry sand, river sand, and
sea sand.
6. Until the later years of the 19th century, the requirement for lime was largely
agricultural and it was produced by farmers or small builders who used it for
making mortar and plaster.

TASK 9

Cooling - The process of reducing the temperature of a substance or an object to

make it colder.
Putty - A soft, pliable material used for sealing or filling gaps, cracks, or holes in
surfaces such as wood, glass, or metal.
Slaked lime - is a white, powdery substance that is produced when quicklime
(calcium oxide) is mixed with water.
Mortar - A mixture of sand, cement, and water used as a bonding agent between
bricks, stones, or other building materials.
Running kilns - Kilns are industrial ovens used for heating materials to high
temperatures.

TASK 10

a) Cement Production:
- Cylindrical rotary kilns
- To ignite at a temperature
- A mixture of substances
- Cooling semiliquid mass
- To press
 - Building material
- Large-scale construction

b) Glass Production:
- Ordinary glass
- To move through the kiln
- Bath-shaped furnace
- Definite portions
- The molten mass

TASK 11

Glass making is the process of melting a mixture of various chemicals at high

temperature in a special furnace called a melting furnace. The result is a molten
mass, which is then molded into the desired form, such as sheets or bottles. The
glass is then cooled to room temperature to form a solid product. The glass
manufacturing process can vary depending on the type of glass and its purpose.