GYPSUM AS BUILDING

MATERIAL
 INTRODUCTION:
• GYPSUM IS A ROCK LIKE MINERAL COMMONLY FOUND IN EARTH’S CRUST.

• IT IS EXTRACTED, PROCESSED AND USED IN CONSTRUCTION AND DECORATION IN THE

FORM OF PLASTER AND ALABASTER.

• IT IS SAID THAT GYPSUM WAS USED AS MORTER IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE

PYRAMIDS.

• GYPSUM IS ONE OF THE WIDELY USED CONSTRUTION MATERIALS MAINLY USED IN

INTERIOR DESIGNING.

• IT IS USES AS A SURFACE MATERIALS. ITS APPLICATION IS PROMINENT IN WALL AND

CEILING CONSTRUCTION.

• IT IS ALSO USED AS A FORM OF FINISHING PLASTER.

• IT IS ALSO USED AS A PREFABRICATED UNIT, LIKE GYPSUM BOARD.

OCCURANCE IN NATURE
OCCURANCE IN NATURE
 PRODUCTION OF GYPSUM
• GYPSUM IS A WHITE GRAY MINERAL FOUND IN THE EARTH’S
CRUST. IT IS CHEMICALLY KNOWN AS HYDROUS CALCIUM
SULPHATE OR Cas04.2H20. IT OBTAINED THROUGH MINING FROM
VAST VEINS OF EARTH. IN ROCK FORM, IT CAN ATTAIN DIFFERENT
FORMS.

• THE GYPSUM STONE, WHICH IS CALLED AS ALABASTER HAVE THE

PROPERTY TO BE CARVED TO ANY SCULPTURE FORMS. THE STONE
IS TRANSLUCENT IN NATURE.

• IT CONTAINS ABOUT 30 PERCENT OF BOUNDED WATER IN

NATURAL STATE. THIS WATER IS TAKEN OUT FROM IT THROUGH
CONTINUOUS HEATING TILL ITS WHITE POWDER FROM IS
OBTAINED.
MINING AND PRODUCTION
 PROCESS OF GYPSUM PRODUCTION:
• EXCAVATION:
• CRUSHING:
• GRINDING:
• CALCINATION:
• COOLING AND PULVERIZING:
• PACKING:

• EXCAVATION: THE EXCAVATION INVOLVES COLLECTING THE MATERIALS FROM

THEIR SOURCE MAINLY THROUGH MINING. THEY ARE ALSO SEEN DEPOSITED IN
THE SEA WATER OR LAKE.
• CRUSHING: THE MATERIALS MINED ARE CRUSHED IN PARTICLES OF SIZE
APPROXIMATELY 25 MM AND ARE SUBJECED TO NEXT STAGE.
• GRINDING: THE GRINDING PROCESS FOLLOWS THIS AND THE PRODUCT IS
TURNED INTO POWDER LIKE SUBSTANCE.
• CALCINATION: IT IS DONE IN TWO TYPES OF KILNS. KETTLE KILN AND ROTARY
KILN.
KETTLE KILN
ROTARY KILN
CALCINATION PROCESS
GYPSUM PLASTERS
GYPSUM BOARD
GYSUM BOARD MANUFACTURING
GYPSUM PLASTER USES:
GYPSUM PLASTER USES:
 WHY GYPSUM IN CONSTRUCTION WOKRS:

• THE ABILITY OF GYPSUM TO GIVE A COMFORTABLE AND AESTHETIC

AMBIANCE AS A CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL INCRREASE THE DEMANDS
OF GYPSUM. TI IS A NATURE’S PRODUCT THAT IS COMMONLY
AVAILABLE. TI IS FREE FROM ODOR. NOWADAYS MANY OF THE
INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR CONSTURCTION FEATURES ARE MOSTLY
GOVERNED NY GYPSUM CONSTRUCTION OR GYPSUM PRODUCTS.

• THE ADVANCEMENT OF GYPSUM CONSTRUCTION IN A CONTINUOUS

PROCESS IS DUE TO ITS REDUCED TIME AND COST OF CONSTRUCTION.
WITH TIME, GYPSUM PRODCUTS GAIN INCREASING PROPERTIES LIKE
FIRE RESISTANCE, ACOUSTIC PROPOERTIES, NOISE INSULATION.
INTERIOR WORKS:
ADVANTAGES OF GYPSUM AS A BUILDING MATERIAL:
• THE PROPERTIES THAT ARE INBUILT IN GYPSUM THAT FACILITATES ITS HUGE DEMAND IN CONSTRUCTION
ARE :

• NON COMBUSTIBLE : WHEN FIRE TAKES PLACE, THE WATER CRYSTALS IN GYPSUM GET HEATED UP AND
CALCINATION TAKES PLACE. THE RESIDUE BEHAVES LIKE AN INSULATING LAYER TILL IT GETS SEPERATED. IT IS
CONSIDERED A GOOD FIRE RETARDER BECAUSE OF ITS NON CMBUSTIBLE PROPERTY AND CAPABILITY TO
DELY SPREADIN OF FIRE FOR HOURS.
• FIRE RESISTANCE: IT IS FIRE RESISTANT IN NATURE. THIS MATERIAL STOPS THE CHANCES OF SPREADING OF
THE FIRE WHICH ENSURES LIFE SAFETY. NOW THIS RESISTANCE OF GYPSUM AGAINST FIRE IS DUE TO THE
PRESENCE OF WATER THAT IS PRESENT WITHIN GYPSUM PRODUCTS.
• ACOUSIC PROPERTIES : GYPSUM PRODUCTS ARE DEVELOPED TO FOCUS MORE ON SOUND INSULATION
PROPERTIES. GYPSUM PLASTER BOARDS ARE SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR NOISE REDUCTION AND
PREVENTION OF REVERBERATION. INCORPORATING AN AIR SPACE BETWEEN TWO SOLD GYPSUMS PANELS
BRING HIGHER ACOUSTIC PERFORMANCE. FOR EXAMPLE, INSTEAD OF A WALL WHICH IS 115 MM THICK, WE
CAN INSTALL 75 MMTHICK DRYWALL PARTITION TO ACHIEVE BETTER SOUND PERFORMANCES.
• THERMAL PROPERTIES: THE THERMAL PROPERTIES RENDERED BY THE GUPSUM CONSTRUCTION WOULD
ENABLE GOOD BALANCING OF INDOOR HUMIDITY AND TEMPERATURE. GYPSUM CONSTRUCION
INCORPORATING CAVITIES, LIKE PLASTER BOARD OR FORMWORK CONSTRUCTION WITH GYPSUM GIVES
EXTERA INSULATION PROPERTIES.
• EASE OF INSTALLATION:
• ECONOMICAL:
• SMOOTH SURFACE:
• BALANCES INDOOR AMBIANCE DUE TO WHITE COLOR:
 GYPSUM PRODUCTS AND ADVANTAGES:
GYPSUM PLASTER BOARDS AS PARTITIONS
GYPSUM PLASTER TILES
SELF LEVELLING SCREEDS ON FLOOR
FIBREBOARD WITH GYPSUM
PLASTER FOR DECORATIVE WORKS

• GYPSUM PLASTER BOARDS: PLASTER BOARDS ARE PANELS USED AS PARTITION

AND FOR LINING OF WALLS AND THE CEILING.
• GYPSUM PLASTER TILES: THESE ARE OF DIFFERENT SIZES AND USED WITH A
LIGHT WEIGHT FRAMING SYSTEM.
• GYPSUM PLASTER: THE COMBINATION OF GYPSUM POWDER WITH WATER
MAKES GYPSUM PLASTER THAT SUPPORT THE FORMATION OF BEAUTIFUL
AESTHETICALLY PLEASING LININGS FOR CEILING S OR WALLS. THEY HELP IN
MOLDING AS WELL AS SHAPING.
• SELF LEVELLING SCREEDS ON FLOOR
• FIBREBOARD WITH GYPSUM