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Modul Ekonomi K2 2021
Modul Ekonomi K2 2021
Usahasama,
Raja Shamsuddin Bin Raja Salleh, KPPK TVET, SBP JPNPP
Azlina Binti Pawanteh, PP TVET, SBP JPNPP
Effendy Abdullah, SISC+ TVET PPD SPU
Abu Seman Bin Mat karim, SISC+ TVET PPD SPT
Haji Bohari Bin Samsudin, SISC+ TVET PPD SPS
Tan Phaik Leng, SISC+ TVET PPD Timur Laut
Norshipa Ismail, SISC+ TVET PPD Barat Daya
BAHAGIAN A
BAB 1 : PENGENALAN KEPADA EKONOMI
Soalan 1
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Soalan 2
Bagaimanakah Ekonomi Islam mencapai keseimbangan antara kepentingaan individu dan masyarakat?
[5 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 3
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Soalan 4
Persaingan yang adil dan saksama antara individu wujud dalam Ekonomi Islam. Jelaskan. [5 markah]
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Soalan 5
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 6
Soalan 7
Jelaskan konsep masalah asas ekonomi iaitu “apa yang hendak dikeluarkan”. [3 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 8
Gambar berikut menunjukkan dua faktor pengeluaran yang digunakan dalam pengeluaran.
Terangkan tiga perbezaan yang terdapat dalam faktor pengeluaran tersebut. [6 markah]
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Soalan 9
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 10
Encik Zainal menceburi diri dalam bidang perusahaan kecil dan sederhana. Beliau mengusahakan
perusahaan membuat cendawan goreng dengan mengupah lima orang pekerja.
(a) Pada pendapat anda, adakah Encik Zainal dianggap sebagai usahawan? Berikan alasan anda. [4 markah]
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(b) Terangkan masalah asas ekonomi yang masih belum diselesaikan dalam situasi di atas. [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 11
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan modal dan kos bagi firma ABC untuk mengeluarkan dua jenis produk.
Produk
Modal
Novel Majalah
RM 700 000 RM 500 000 RM 600 000
Soalan 12
Maklumat yang berikut berkaitan dengan ciri sistem ekonomi bagi dua buah negara.
Negara P Negara Q
Individu dan firma tidak bebas membuat Individu dan firma bebas membuat pilihan
pilihan. tetapi dikawal oleh kerajaan.
(a) Apakah sistem ekonomi yang diamalkan oleh negara P dan negara Q? [2 markah]
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(b) Bezakan cara kedua-dua negara menyelesaikan masalah “apa yang hendak dikeluarkan” dan “untuk siapa
dikeluarkan”. [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
BAB 2 : PASARAN
Soalan 13
Dengan menggunakan kertas graf, lukiskan keluk permintaan pasaran dan jelaskan pembentukannya.
[6 markah]
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Soalan 14
Terangkan tiga faktor yang mempengaruhi keanjalan harga penawaran suatu barang. [6 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 15
Dengan bantuan jadual yang sesuai, jelaskan hukum permintaan bagi suatu barang. [5 markah]
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Soalan 16
Terangkan penentu keanjalan harga penawaran yang menyebabkan penawaran barang pertanian menjadi
tidak anjal. [6 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 17
Situasi A Situasi B
Berlaku penguncupan dan Berlaku pengurangan dan
pengembangan permintaan pertambahan permintaan
Soalan 18
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan hubungan antara harga Barang X dengan kuantiti permintaan Barang Y.
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Dengan memberikan contoh, jelaskan hubungan antara Barang X dan Barang Y. [5 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 19
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan kuantiti permintaan dan kuantiti penawaran suatu barang di pasaran.
Dengan menggunakan kertas graf yang disediakan di bawah, lukiskan keluk keseimbangan pasaran
bagi barang tersebut. [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 20
KUALA LUMPUR: Mulai 1 Ogos ini, pelitup muka wajib dipakai dalam pengangkutan awam dan di kawasan
sesak atau tumpuan umum.
Sumber : Petikan BH Online 23 Julai 2020
Jelaskan kesan situasi tersebut ke atas pasaran pelitup muka tempatan. [3 markah]
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Soalan 21
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keluk permintaan pasaran (DpDp) dan keluk penawaran pasaran (SpSp) bagi
basikal jenama Cergas.
Harga (RM)
Dp Sp
350
280
Sp Dp
0 Kuantiti (unit)
30 50
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 22
(a) Permintaan barang tersebut sangat dipengaruhi oleh harganya. Jelaskan. [4 markah]
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(b) Barang di atas lebih sesuai dimiliki dengan menggunakan kaedah pembayaran secara kredit. Jelaskan.
[4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 23
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan peratus perubahan kuantiti diminta dan peratus perubahan harga bagi barang W.
Barang W 9 30
(a) Hitungkan nilai keanjalan harga permintaan bagi barang tersebut. [2 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 24
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keluk penawaran suatu barang.
(a) Hitung nilai pekali keanjalan harga penawaran barang tersebut. [2 markah]
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(b) Tafsirkan nilai pekali keanjalan harga penawaran di atas. [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 25
Terangkan fungsi bank pusat sebagai jurubank kepada bank perdagangan [4
markah]
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Soalan 26
Gambar menunjukkan kemudahan pembayaran yang disediakan oleh institusi kewangan kepada pelanggan.
Mengapakah kemudahan pembayaran tersebut menjadi pilihan pengguna pada masa sekarang? [6 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 27
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Soalan 28
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 29
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan pendapatan, perbelanjaan dan potongan wajib Puan Zafirah bagi bulan Januari
tahun 2020.
Butiran RM
Pendapatan 2700
Elaun 450
Makanan 700
Ansuran kereta 500
Zakat 150
Bil air, api dan telefon 320
Sewa rumah 500
Hiburan 400
KWSP 350
Akhbar / majalah 200
Pemberian kepada ibu bapa 300
Anda dikehendaki membantu Puan Zafirah menyediakan penyata belanjawan peribadi yang sistematik bagi
bulan Januari 2020. [6 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 30
Soalan 31
KEMENTERIAN PERTANIAN DAN INDUSTRI ASAS MARINA PUTRA JAYA SDN. BHD
TANI (FAMA)
Aminah tinggal di Pasir Puteh, Kelantan dan mendapat kelulusan yang baik dalam Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia
(SPM). Beliau telah memohon jawatan kosong di atas dan telah diterima oleh kedua-dua syarikat di atas.
Pada pendapat anda, kerjaya manakah menjadi pilihan Aminah dan mengapa? [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 32
(b) Bagaimanakah cara individu menggunakan Y untuk memenuhi keperluan dan kehendaknya? [5
markah]
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Soalan 33
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 34
Terangkan tiga jenis pinjaman yang ditawarkan oleh Bank Perdagangan. [6 markah]
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Soalan 35
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 36
Untuk Tempahan Awal : Deposit 10% daripada harga pakej dan baki boleh
dibayar seminggu sebelum tarikh melancong.
Terangkan fungsi wang yang terdapat pada iklan promosi tersebut. . [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 37
Terangkan dua perkhidmatan simpanan yang disediakan oleh bank tersebut. [5 markah]
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Soalan 38
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
BAB 4 : PENGELUARAN
Soalan 39
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Soalan 40
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 41
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Soalan 42
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 43
1 0 0 - -
1 1 10 10 10
1 2 22 11 X
1 3 33 11 11
1 4 42 10.5 9
1 5 47 9.4 5
1 6 49 8.17 2
1 7 49 7 0
1 8 46 5.75 -3
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ii) Mengapakah bilangan buruh 3 hingga 7 orang merupakah tahap pengeluaran paling cekap bagi
firma tersebut? [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 44
Hitungkan:
Soalan 45
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
(b) Jelaskan hubungan antara output dengan kos purata dan kos marginal pada tingkat output berikut:
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Soalan 46
Kilang Abu menghasilkan kasut sebanyak 80 pasang. Jumlah kos yang ditanggung ialah RM560. Apabila
firma menambah output menjadi 100 pasang, kos pengeluaran meningkat sebanyak 25%.
Soalan 47
Gambar di bawah menunjukkan dua jenis input bagi pengeluaran kek berlapis Margarita.
Terangkan kos-kos yang terlibat akibat penggunaan input - input di atas. [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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Soalan 48
“Di Malaysia, Kumpulan Pasaraya Suria menawarkan pelbagai barangan runcit, peralatan rumah, hadiah,
produk penjagaan diri dan peralatan pengguna melalui penghantaran ke rumah. Untuk meningkatkan
produktiviti, Kumpulan Pasaraya Suria telah menubuhkan organisasi dengan membahagikan kepada
beberapa bahagian supaya masing-masing mempunyai tanggungjawab”.
Jelaskan empat faktor lagi yang mempengaruhi produktiviti Kumpulan Pasaraya Suria. [4 markah]
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Soalan 49
PUTRAJAYA - Projek Laluan Rel Pantai Timur (ECRL) sejauh 688 kilometer yang menghubungkan
Pelabuhan Klang di Selangor ke Kelantan akan disambung semula pada kos yang lebih rendah.
Kos pembinaan Fasa 1 dan 2 ECRL kini dikurangkan kepada RM44 bilion, pengurangan sebanyak RM21.5
bilion daripada kos asalnya RM65.5 bilion.
Projek ECRL ini ditangguhkan untuk semakan semula berikutan kosnya yang tinggi selain memberi impak
kepada hidupan liar.
Jelaskan kos sosial yang wujud akibat pelaksanaan aktiviti pembinaan ECRL ini. [6 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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Soalan 50
PASIR GUDANG: Kadar pencemaran Sungai Kim Kim di sini, yang pernah menjadi punca pencemaran
toksik akibat pembuangan sisa kimia pada Mac lalu, didakwa terlalu tinggi sehingga mencecah 153 kali
ganda daripada bacaan sepatutnya. Keputusan itu didakwa diperoleh hasil ujian makmal kimia swasta bagi
sampel air yang diambil di 10 lokasi berbeza yang terletak berhampiran perumahan penduduk di jajaran
sungai berkenaan, dua bulan lalu.
Soalan 51
Matlamat firma untuk memaksimumkan keuntungan melalui aktiviti pengeluaran barang dan perkhidmatan
mungkin menjejaskan kebajikan masyarakat dengan mengeksploitasi pengguna.
Terangkan peranan kerajaan dalam mengawal selia pengeluar dalam situasi di atas. [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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Soalan 52
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Soalan 53
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 54
Kerajaan sebagai majikan menyediakan pelbagai faedah sampingan kepada penjawat awam. Jelaskan.
[4 markah]
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Soalan 55
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 56
Maklumat berikut berkaitan Keluaran Dalam Negara Kasar (KDNK) Malaysia mengikut aktiviti ekonomi bagi suku
tahun ketiga tahun 2018.
Sumbangan
Aktiviti ekonomi Kadar pertumbuhan
(%)
Perkhidmatan 56 7.2
Pembuatan 23 5.0
Pembinaan 4.7 4.6
Pertanian 8.2 - 1.4
Perlombongan dan pengkuarian 7.3 - 4.6
Diubahsuai dari sumber Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, 2018
Soalan 57
Bezakan antara dasar harga maksimum dengan dasar harga minimum. [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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Soalan 58
Maklumat berikut berkaitan dengan kadar faedah semalaman (OPR) yang ditentukan oleh Bank Negara
Malaysia kepada bank-bank perdagangan.
2.75 1.75
Soalan 59
Bank pusat menggunakan alat dasar kewangan untuk mengawal keadaan ekonomi dengan mempengaruhi
bekalan wang dalam ekonomi.
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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Soalan 60
Belanjawan lebihan boleh digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah ketidakstabilan ekonomi. Huraikan.
[6 markah]
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Soalan 61
Ahli Ekonomi OCBC Bank, Wellion Wiranto, berkata pihaknya melihat terdapat kemungkinan ekonomi
Malaysia berdepan pertumbuhan negatif meskipun dengan bantuan pakej rangsangan. Beliau berkata,
pihaknya membuat semakan semula unjuran kadar pertumbuhan bagi 2020 kepada sekitar antara -2.5%
sehingga 1.5% berikutan pengucupan ketara dalam permintaan domestik dan eksport yang lemah.
Soalan 62
Soalan 63
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
(b) Sekiranya kerajaan menaikkan pelepasan cukai, jelaskan kesannya terhadap isi rumah. [6 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 64
Maklumat berikut menunjukkan perubahan kadar pertukaran asing antara Ringgit Malaysia (RM) berbanding
satu Dolar Amerika Syarikat (USD) bagi tempoh 6 Januari 2018 hingga 3 Februari 2018.
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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( ii ) Syarikat Harmoni membuat pembelian sebuah mesin dari Amerika Syarikat yang bernilai USD60 000
pada 8 Januari 2018. Pembayaran hanya dibuat pada 1 Februari 2018, apakah situasi yang telah
dihadapi oleh syarikat tersebut? Jelaskan. [4 markah]
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Soalan 65
Jadual menjukkan kadar pertukaran asing Antara Ringgit Malaysia (RM) berbanding Dolar Amerika Syarikat
(USD).
Tahun Kadar Pertukaran Asing
Encik Ramli mengimport mesin bernilai USD80 000 pada bulan Januari 2017.
Encik Ramli menjual semula mesin tersebut dan memperoleh jumlah hasil sebanyak RM400 000.
Pada tahun 2018, Encik Ramli mengimport barang yang sama dan memperoleh jumlah hasil yang sama seperti
tahun 2017.
(i) Hitungkan :
(1) nilai mesin dalam Ringgit Malaysia pada tahun 2017. [2 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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(2) perbezaan keuntungan Encik Ramli pada tahun 2018 berbanding 2017. [3 markah]
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Soalan 66
Jadual menunjukkan perubahan kadar pertukaran asing Antara Dolar Singapura (SGD) berbanding
Ringgit Malaysia (RM) bagi tempoh tiga tahun.
Kadar Pertukaran
2 Jan.2014 2 Jan.2015 4 Jan.2016
RM bagi seunit SGD 2.5930 2.6463 3.0376
Sumber : www.bnm.gov.my
(i) Apakah arah aliran kadar pertukaran Ringgit Malaysia (RM) berbanding Dolar Singapura (SGD)?
[1 markah]
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(ii) Berdasarkan jawapan anda di (i), jelaskan kesan perubahan tersebut terhadap harga eksport dan import
Malaysia. [3 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 67
Soalan 68
Dalam persekitaran globalisasi, pergerakan trafik maritim dalam kalangan negara-negara benua Asia telah
meningkat dengan mendadak sejak kebelakangan ini. Jumlah dagangan Intra-Asia sahaja telah mengatasi
dagangan di antara Asia dan negara-negara barat dalam dekad lalu. Pelabuhan-pelabuhan Asia memproses
hampir 50% dari jumlah pergerakan kontainer dunia di mana 25% dari jumlah ini membabitkan China 7%.
Soalan 69
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 70
(b) Jelaskan kesan tindakan kerajaan ini terhadap pasaran barang. [6 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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Soalan 71
Maklumat di bawah berkaitan dengan akaun semasa imbangan pembayaran Malaysia pada tahun 2017.
Hitung dan tafsirkan kedudukan akaun semasa imbangan pembayaran Malaysia pada tahun 2017. [4 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Soalan 72
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan kadar pertukaran antara Ringgit Malaysia (RM) berbanding dengan Dolar Amerika
Syarikat (USD).
(a) Bagaimanakah penentuan kadar pertukaran asing Ringgit Malaysia dengan Dolar Amerika ditentukan.
[2 markah]
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(b) Sekiranya kadar pertukaran Ringgit Malaysia ialah RM5.00 seunit USD, apakah yang akan berlaku dalam
pasaran pertukaran asing? [2 markah]
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Soalan 73
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan kadar pertukaran antara Ringgit Malaysia (RM) berbanding Dolar Amerika
Syarikat (USD) bagi dua tempoh masa.
Berikan kesan ke atas imbangan dagangan Malaysia akibat perubahan tersebut. [5 markah]
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
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BAHAGIAN B
BAB 1 : PENGENALAN KEPADA EKONOMI
Soalan 1
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
BAB 2 : PASARAN
Soalan 2
2 Maklumat berikut berkaitan dengan tindakan kerajaan terhadap pasaran suatu produk
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
(a) Sebagai seorang pengguna yang bijak, apakah tindakan anda apabila berhadapan [4 markah]
dengan situasi di atas? Jelaskan.
(b) Dengan bantuan rajah, jelaskan perubahan harga tersebut ke atas pasaran barang
pengganti. [7 markah]
(c) Bagaimanakah tindakan kerajaan tersebut memberi kesan kepada firma dan
negara? [9 markah]
Soalan 3
(c) Peningkatan upah mampu meningkatkan taraf hidup keluarga. Buktikan [9 markah]
Soalan 4
KUALA LUMPUR: Kerajaan akan meneruskan dan menambah baik Bantuan Sara Hidup (BSH)
kepada golongan isi rumah berpendapatan 40 peratus terendah dengan menyalurkan
peruntukan lebih tersasar.
(a) Jelaskan jenis pendapatan yang diterima oleh penerima bantuan tersebut. [4 markah]
(b) Bagaimanakah bantuan tersebut dapat meningkatkan taraf kehidupan mereka? [7 markah]
(c) Kerajaan berpendapat bantuan di atas perlu diteruskan. Kemukakan hujah anda? [9 markah]
Soalan 5
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
(b) Bincangkan kesan pelaksanaan cukai di Maklumat 1 ke atas agihan pendapatan [9 markah]
rakyat negara berkenaan.
(c) Persatuan Pengguna negara berkenaan telah memberi cadangan kadar cukai yang
baharu seperti di Maklumat 2. Adakah anda bersetuju dengan cadangan berkenaan?
Jelaskan. [7 markah]
(b) Dengan bantuan gambar rajah yang sesuai, jelaskan kesan sasaran kerajaan
tersebut ke atas pasaran rumah. [7 markah]
Soalan 7
(b) Perubahan kadar inflasi pada tahun 2017 memberi kesan terhadap ekonomi. [7 markah]
Bincangkan
(c) Cadangkan tindakan yang perlu anda laksanakan untuk menangani kesan pada 7(a) [9 markah]
Soalan 8
Maklumat berikut berkaitan dengan tindakan kerajaan dalam usaha pemulihan ekonomi akibat COVID-19
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Kerajaan bersetuju melaksanakan lanjutan moratorium dan bantuan bank bersasar khusus
kepada rakyat yang hilang pekerjaan dan masih belum mendapat pekerjaan baharu. Perdana
Menteri, Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin, berkata lanjutan moratorium akan diberikan untuk tempoh
tiga bulan.
"Selepas tiga bulan, tempoh moratorium boleh dilanjutkan oleh bank bergantung kepada
situasi masing-masing. Bagi individu yang masih bekerja tetapi gaji mereka terjejas dan
berkurangan akibat COVID-19, bayaran ansuran akan dikurangkan selaras dengan kadar
pengurangan gaji bergantung kepada jenis pinjaman," katanya.
Sumber: ubahsuai BH Online, 29-07-2020
(a) Jelaskan alat dasar kewangan yang digunakan untuk mengatasi keadaan ekonomi tersebut? [4 markah]
(c) Cadangkan tindakan yang perlu diambil oleh isi rumah dan firma untuk mengatasi masalah
ketidakstabilan ekonomi di atas selepas tempoh lanjutan tersebut tamat. [9 markah]
Soalan 9
Maklumat berikut berkaitan dengan dasar kerajaan melalui Pakej Rangsangan Ekonomi (PRIHATIN).
(c) Ramalkan kesan ke atas ekonomi secara keseluruhan sekiranya program tersebut tidak dilaksanakan.
Perincikan hujah anda. [9 markah]
Soalan 10
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Modul Ekonomi Kertas 2 2021 (JPN Pulau Pinang)
Tindakan kerajaan mengenakan tarif terhadap kereta import berupaya membantu industri
kereta tempatan
(a) Bagaimanakah tindakan tersebut dapat membantu industri kereta tempatan? [4 markah]
(b) Dengan bantuan gambar rajah yang sesuai, jelaskan kesan tindakan tersebut
terhadap pasaran kereta tempatan. [7 markah]
(c) Tindakan kerajaan tersebut lebih menguntungkan pihak pengguna berbanding pihak
pengeluar. Bersetujukah anda dengan pernyataan di atas? Kemukakan alasan anda. [9 markah]
Soalan 11
Kuala Lumpur: Menurut Jabatan Perangkaan Negara, pekerja asing merangkumi lebih daripada satu perlima
pekerja pada 2016.
73 peratus daripada pekerjaan berkemahiran rendah yang diwujudkan antara tahun 2015 dan 2016 diperoleh
warga asing, yang kebanyakannya memiliki pendidikan menengah.
BNM mendedahkan, tumpuan berlebihan kepada pekerja asing juga menyaksikan kiriman wang yang tinggi
ke luar negara, sekaligus mengurangkan limpahan dalam ekonomi domestik. BNM berkata, dasar
pengurusan pekerja asing pada masa akan datang, jika tidak direka bentuk dengan baik dan dilaksanakan
secara tidak konsisten akan meningkatkan kebergantungan negara ini terhadap pekerja asing.
(Sumber: bhbiz@nstp.com.my 28 Mac 2018)
Maklumat 1
(b) Jelaskan bagaimana situasi di maklumat 2 boleh mengakibatkan defisit dalam akaun
semasa negara. [5 markah]
(c) Selain di (b) bincangkan kesan pergantungan kepada pekerja asing terhadap ekonomi negara. [9 markah]
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