Primary 5 / Grade 5

Full Name:

School: Index Number:

Instructions to Students:
1. Only Scientific Calculators are allowed during the contest.
2. The duration of this contest is 1 hour 30 minutes. You may not leave the contest venue within
the first hour of the paper.
3. This examination paper contains 25 questions and comprises of 13 printed pages.
4. Each question has only 4 possible answers: a, b, c and d. Shade your correct option on the Answer
Entry Sheet provided.
5. The total marks for this paper is 77 points:
a. Section A:
Question 1 to 10: +2 points for correct answer, 0 points for no answer and −1 point for wrong
answer.
b. Section B:
Question 11 to 20: +3 points for correct answer, 0 points for no answer or wrong answer.
Application Question
Question 21, 22 and 23: +3 points for correct answer, 0 points for wrong and no answer.
Question 24 and 25: +4 points for correct answer, 0 points for wrong and no answer.
6. You are not allowed to bring the question paper and answer script out of the contest venue.

Note:
1) You may assume that there is no air resistance throughout the contest unless stated.
2) All temperatures are in Degrees Celsius.
3) Room Temperature is 25°C at 1 atmospheric pressure.
4) Gravitational Acceleration is taken to be 9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

Rough Working
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

Section A (Question 1 to 10: +2 points for correct answer, 0 point for no answer and
−1 point for wrong answer)

1. Jane notices that when she sneezes, thick liquid also comes out of her nose and
throat.

Which of the following statements about the thick liquid is true?

I. The thick liquid helps to dissolve oxygen for the body to absorb.
II. The thick liquid helps to trap dust particles.
III. The thick liquid breaks down the dust particles and absorb them.

a) II only
b) I and II only
c) II and III only
d) all of the above

2. Jeremy decided to set up an experiment about seeds:

1) He took two identical balls and two identical balls of string.

2) He wrapped the string around one of the balls twenty times.
3) He wrapped another string around the other ball a hundred times.
4) He placed both of the balls on top of a large basin of water.
5) He observed how much each of the balls floated above the water.
The aim was to find out if the amount of string coiled around the ball affects its
ability to float. Based on the above experiment, what can be concluded about
seeds and their dispersal methods?
a) Seed husks are made up of string.
b) The thickness of the husk depends on the type of tree.
c) Seeds with a thicker husk can disperse further on water compared to seeds
with a thinner husk as they can float better.
d) Seeds with a thicker husk can cushion the impact of the fall better than seeds
with a thinner husk.

3. Menstruation occurs in matured female humans every 28 days on average.

Which part of the reproductive system does the discharge come from?

a) cervix
b) ovary
c) uterus
d) urethra
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

4. The fruit of plant X is often harvested when it is young. The young fruit is pod-like,
soft and contains a lot of seeds inside. If left on plant X for a longer period of
time, the skin of the fruit becomes tough and fibrous, and no longer becomes
palatable for cooking.

Which of the following is the method of seed dispersal for plant X?

a) animals
b) explosion
c) water
d) wind

5. Use the following description to determine the state of matter of object M.

“The object is made up of smaller particles packed close together. There is little
space in between these smaller particles. These particles are in constant motion
and roll over each other. The particles are held together tightly.”

What is the state of matter of object M?

a) gas
b) liquid
c) solid
d) not enough information

6. When wet iron powder comes in contact with oxygen, rust is formed.
Ivan placed some wet iron powder into a clean 100 cm3 container and sealed it
up so no air could enter or leave the container. After a few days, the iron powder
turned into rust. What is the volume of the remaining air inside the container?

a) 1 cm3
b) 21 cm3
c) 22 cm3
d) 79 cm3
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

7. The diagram below contains four closed switches and five light bulbs.

What is the maximum number of light bulbs that will remain lit if Marcus is to open
any one of the switches?

a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five

8. Which of the following light bulbs in the 4 circuit set ups will have the same
brightness?

a) A and B
b) B and C
c) B and D
d) C and D
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

9. Daniel wants to pull a screw out of a plank using a hammer. At which position
and direction should he apply the force to make it as easy as possible?

A
C

B
D

10. In mammals, the circulatory and respiratory systems work together to send blood
and its components to and from all parts of the body. The blood coming from all
parts of the body combine into a main vessel called the vena cava (vein) and
goes into the heart. This blood is then pumped to the lungs through the
pulmonary artery. The carbon dioxide in the blood is removed and expelled from
the lungs. Oxygen diffuses into the blood stream and the blood passes through
the pulmonary vein into the heart before it is pumped to all parts of the body
through the main artery.

What can be concluded from the above description?

a) all veins carry oxygenated blood

b) all arteries carry oxygenated blood
c) arteries carry blood away from the heart, whereas veins carry blood to the
heart, with the exception of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein.
d) veins carry blood away from the heart whereas arteries carry blood to the
heart, with the exception of the pulmonary vein
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

Section B (Question 11 to 20: +3 points for correct answer, 0 points for no answer or wrong
answer)

11. Kelvin wanted to find out if different parts of a tree trunk carried different
substances. He looked for a tree stump from a freshly cut down tree. Using a
dropper, he dropped a few drops of iodine on different parts of the tree stump. He
observed the parts of the trunk where the iodine turned blue black due to the
presence of starch. He noticed that iodine turned blue black closer to the
surrounding edges of the tree stump, whereas iodine closer to the centre of the
tree trunk did not turn blue black.

What can he conclude from this experiment?

a) The food-carrying tubes are found in the inner ring of the tree trunk and are
made up of living cells.
b) The water-carrying tubes are found in the inner ring of the tree trunk and are
not made up of living cells.
c) The food-carrying tubes grow in size as the tree gets older.
d) The water-carrying tubes grow in size as the tree gets older.

12. On a hot day in Singapore, some plants wilt and become limp. Once the rain
comes, these plants seem to spring back to life and become upright again. Which
of the following structures in the cell allow these plants to function as such?

a) cell membrane
b) chloroplasts
c) cytoplasm
d) vacuole
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

13. When cooking spaghetti, some cookbook recipes recommend adding some oil
into a pot of boiling water before putting the noodles in. Some cookbook recipes
may also recommend adding a handful of salt into a pot of boiling water to
improve its taste.
Which of the following is the best reasoning for this?

a) Salt softens the noodles and oil allows it to cook faster.

b) Oil causes the noodles to become harder.
c) Oil and salt have no effect on the noodles.
d) Salt improves the taste of the noodles and oil prevent them from sticking to
each other during the cooking process.

14. Denise had one litre of pure water in a tank. She took out 50 millilitres of water
and placed it into a clean container, and then left it in the freezer. After two hours,
she took out the ice from the freezer and placed it back into the tank of water.
She noticed that the ice floated on the water instead of sinking to the bottom.

Why did the ice float on top of the water?

a) Water contracts then expands, hence the volume of the ice increased and it
became less dense.
b) Water contracts, hence the volume of the ice decreased and it became more
dense.
c) The amount of matter in the ice increased.
d) The amount of matter in the ice decreased.

15. For a car to speed up, it needs to accelerate, which is for there to be an increase
in its speed. For a smooth journey while riding a car, to prevent any sudden
jerking when stopping the car, the driver should not step on the accelerator and
allow the car to slow down before applying the brakes.

Which of the following happens to the speed of the car during a decrease in
acceleration?

a) Car is still moving, but its speed increases at a slower rate.

b) Car is still moving and speed remains the same.
c) The car slows down and its speed decreases.
d) Its speed increases then decreases.
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

Each of the questions 16 to 20 has 4 numbered options. Response is based on the

following table:

A B C D
Option 1 only Option 1 and 3 Option 2 and 4 All of the above
only only

16. A person standing at his current position is still unable to look at the object behind
the wall with the help of the mirror nearby.

mirror

person object

wall

How should he move in order to be able to look at the object with the help of the
mirror?

a) move closer to the mirror, upwards

b) move away from the mirror, downwards
c) move away from the wall, to the left
d) move closer to the wall, to the right
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

17. Study the food web below.

Which of the following changes will lead to an increase in the population of K?

a) increasing the population of J

b) increasing the population of L
c) decreasing the population of M
d) decreasing the population of P

18. Julia knocks a rubber ball off a table. The ball falls from a height of 2 metres and
bounces off the floor. The Law of Conservation states that energy cannot be
created or destroyed it can only be converted from one form to another.

Which of the following energy forms are involved in this energy conversion?

a) light energy
b) kinetic energy
c) electrical energy
d) elastic potential energy

19. Ali wants to push a box across the floor of his room with as little effort as
possible.

Which of the following will help him move the box across the floor of the room
with more ease?

a) Make the bottom of the box smoother.

b) Pour fine sand on the floor.
c) Add ball bearings in between the box and the floor.
d) Add a layer of cardboard between the box and the floor.
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

20. On July 1969, two people went to space and landed on the Moon. Throughout
their journey, their spaceship experienced a decrease in planet Earth’s gravity
pull and an increase of the Moon’s gravity pull.
The amount of gravity is determined by the following formula:

where F is the force, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects interacting, r is the
distance between the centres of the masses and G is the gravitational constant.

Which of the following affects the amount of gravitational force pulling on the
spaceship?

a) The mass of planet Earth.

b) The mass of the spaceship.
c) The mass of the Moon.
d) The distance which the spaceship is between the planet Earth and the Moon.
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

Application Question (Question 21, 22 and 23: 3 points for correct answer, 0 points for
wrong or no answer. Question 24 and 25: 4 points for correct answer, 0 points for wrong or
no answer.)

21. Convection is one form of heat transfer where heat is transferred by the
movement of the medium (gas or liquid) due to the rising of the hotter gas/liquid
and sinking of the colder gas/liquid. Examples of appliances that use convection
are the electric kettle and air-conditioner.

Where should the heating element (the heat source) be placed in an electric
kettle? Where should an air-conditioner be placed in a room?

Position of the heating element in Position of the air-conditioner in a

an electric kettle room
a) top of the electric kettle near the top of the room
b) top of the electric kettle near the bottom of the room
c) bottom of the electric kettle near the top of the room
d) bottom of the electric kettle near the bottom of the room

22. An experiment was set up where four different substances were placed into
identical beakers filled with water labelled E, F, G and H. After stirring the
contents of the beaker, the results of the experiment are as described below.

Beaker E showed no visible change.

Beaker F had two layers of liquid in the beaker.
Beaker G showed no visible change.
Beaker H had its contents turned completely white and some of the substance
was seen floating on top of the water.

What could be the substances added to beakers E, F, G and H?

E F G H
a) air oil salt flour
b) air oil flour salt
c) flour oil air salt
d) salt flour air oil
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

23. A value is given to all substances based on experiments. The substance with a
smaller density value will float on top of another substance with a higher density
value.

The below shows the density values of four different substances

substance density (g/cm3)

cork 0.26
ice 0.92
iron 7.86
gold 19.3

The diagram below shows the final result when 3 of the substances were placed
in two liquids.

P
petrol (density: 0.66 g/cm3)
Q
water (density: 1.01 g/cm3)
R

What are the possible identities of P, Q and R?

P Q R
a) gold cork ice
b) gold iron cork
c) ice cork gold
d) cork ice iron
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

24. Saliva in the mouth contains an enzyme that breaks down starch into sugar. An
experiment was set up where saliva was placed on three different types of food,
S, T and U. The sugar content was measured before and after the saliva had
been left on the food for some time. The table below shows the results of the
experiment.

food amount of sugar before the amount of sugar after the

experiment experiment
S low high
T high high
U low low

Which could be the possible food for S, T and U?

S T U
a) rice apple chicken
b) apple rice chicken
c) rice chicken apple
d) apple chicken rice
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

25. Indicators are chemical substances that change colour depending on the acidity
or alkalinity of the other substance it is added into. Indicators are used to test for
the acidity of alkalinity of a substance.

The differences in colour change of screened methyl orange is as show in the

scale below.

grey
purple green
pH
1 3.2 4.2 14

The table below shows the pH of some substances.

substance pH
pure water 7
oven cleaner 13
lemon juice 2
tomato juice 4

What would the colour of screened methyl orange be when added to each of the
substances in the table?

pure water oven cleaner lemon juice tomato juice

a) purple purple grey green
b) green grey purple grey
c) purple green grey purple
d) green green purple grey
Vanda 2019, Primary 5 / Grade 5

Rough Working
 SOLUTION for VANDA 2019 GRADE 5
1. Jane notices that when she sneezes, thick liquid also comes out of her nose and
throat.

Which of the following statements about the thick liquid is true?

Topic: Respiratory system

I. The thick liquid helps to dissolve oxygen for the body to absorb.
II. The thick liquid helps to trap dust particles.
III. The thick liquid breaks down the dust particles and absorb them.

a) II only
b) I and II only
c) II and III only
d) all of the above

Answer: B. Purpose of mucus is to help dissolve oxygen and carbon dioxide for gas
exchange within the body through the air sacs (alveoli). Dust particles cannot be
broken down, just trapped and expelled.

2. Jeremy decided to set up an experiment about seeds:

1) He took two identical balls and two identical balls of string.

2) He wrapped the string around one of the balls twenty times.
3) He wrapped another string around the other ball a hundred times.
4) He placed both of the balls on top of a large basin of water.
5) He observed how much each of the balls floated above the water.
The aim was to find out if the amount of string coiled around the ball affects its
ability to float. Based on the above experiment, what can be concluded about
seeds and their dispersal methods?
Topic: Plants, seed dispersal methods
a) Seed husks are made up of string.
b) The thickness of the husk depends on the type of tree.
c) Seeds with a thicker husk can disperse further on water compared to seeds
with a thinner husk as they can float better.
d) Seeds with a thicker husk can cushion the impact of the fall better than seeds
with a thinner husk.

Answer: C. Seeds that dispersed by water have husks made up of fibres that trap air
within them, which enables the see to float. String is also made from similar material,
fibres.

1
 3. Menstruation occurs in matured female humans every 28 days on average.
Which part of the reproductive system does the discharge come from?
Topic: Human Reproductive system

a) cervix
b) ovary
c) uterus
d) urethra

Answer: C. Uterus is another name for womb.

4. The fruit of plant X is often harvested when it is young. The young fruit is pod-like,
soft and contains a lot of seeds inside. If left on plant X for a longer period of
time, the skin of the fruit becomes tough and fibrous, and no longer becomes
palatable for cooking.

Which of the following is the method of seed dispersal for plant X?

Topic: Seed dispersal methods

a) animals
b) explosion
c) water
d) wind

Answer: B. For plants that disperse by explosion, the fruit at first is soft while the
seeds inside are developing. When the fruit is matured, the fruit dries up and shrivels
to produce tension and explode when the seeds are fully developed.

5. Use the following description to determine the state of matter of object M.

“The object is made up of smaller particles packed close together. There is little
space in between these smaller particles. These particles are in constant motion
and roll over each other. The particles are held together tightly.”

What is the state of matter of object M?

Topic: Matter and 3 states

a) gas
b) liquid
c) solid
d) not enough information
Answer: B. Kinetic particle theory of liquids. Description contains the arrangement,
movement and attraction of the particles in a liquid

2
 6. When wet iron powder comes in contact with oxygen, rust is formed.
Ivan placed some wet iron powder into a clean 100 cm3 container and sealed it
up so no air could enter or leave the container. After a few days, the iron powder
turned into rust. What is the volume of the remaining air inside the container?
Topic: Matter

a) 1 cm3
b) 21 cm3
c) 22 cm3
d) 79 cm3
Answer: D. In 100 cm3 of air, 21cm3 of air is oxygen. When all of the oxygen is used up, the
amount of remaining air is 100 – 21 = 79 cm3
7. The diagram below contains four closed switches and five light bulbs.

What is the maximum number of light bulbs that will remain lit if Marcus is to open
any one of the switches?
Topic: Electricity and circuits

a) two
b) three
c) four
d) five
Answer: C.

Open this switch

3
8. Which of the following light bulbs in the 4 circuit set ups will have the same
brightness?
Topic: Electricity and circuits

a) A and B
b) B and C
c) B and D
d) C and D

Answer: D. The batteries in circuit D are arranged in series since the positive end of
one battery is linked to the other.

4
 9. Daniel wants to pull a screw out of a plank using a hammer. At which position
and direction should he apply the force to make it as easy as possible?
Topic: Force, Momentum

A
C

B
D

Answer: C. For least amount of force/effort, force applied should be furthest away
from the nail. For the hammer to work like a lever, the force must move right.

10. In mammals, the circulatory and respiratory systems work together to send blood
and its components to and from all parts of the body. The blood coming from all
parts of the body combine into a main vessel called the vena cava (vein) and
goes into the heart. This blood is then pumped to the lungs through the
pulmonary artery. The carbon dioxide in the blood is removed and expelled from
the lungs. Oxygen diffuses into the blood stream and the blood passes through
the pulmonary vein into the heart before it is pumped to all parts of the body
through the main artery.

What can be concluded from the above description?

Topic: Circulatory system

a) all veins carry oxygenated blood

b) all arteries carry oxygenated blood
c) arteries carry blood away from the heart, whereas veins carry blood to the
heart, with the exception of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein.
d) veins carry blood away from the heart whereas arteries carry blood to the
heart, with the exception of the pulmonary vein
Answer: C. Arteries generally carry blood away from the heart, it is oxygenated and has all
the necessary materials to be used by the organs. Veins carry blood from all parts of the
body to the heart so that the carbon dioxide and waste materials can be removed.
Pulmonary artery and vein is the opposite of the above

5
 11. Kelvin wanted to find out if different parts of a tree trunk carried different
substances. He looked for a tree stump from a freshly cut down tree. Using a
dropper, he dropped a few drops of iodine on different parts of the tree stump. He
observed the parts of the trunk where the iodine turned blue black due to the
presence of starch. He noticed that iodine turned blue black closer to the
surrounding edges of the tree stump, whereas iodine closer to the centre of the
tree trunk did not turn blue black.

What can he conclude from this experiment?

Topic: Plant transport system

a) The food-carrying tubes are found in the inner ring of the tree trunk and are
made up of living cells.
b) The water-carrying tubes are found in the inner ring of the tree trunk and are
not made up of living cells.
c) The food-carrying tubes grow in size as the tree gets older.
d) The water-carrying tubes grow in size as the tree gets older.

Answer: B. Xylem (water-carrying tubes) are made up of dead cells, while phloem (food-
carrying tubes) are made up living cells. Living cells contains starch (food) which will cause
iodine to change colour
12. On a hot day in Singapore, some plants wilt and become limp. Once the rain
comes, these plants seem to spring back to life and become upright again. Which
of the following structures in the cell allow these plants to function as such?
Topic: Cells

a) cell membrane
b) chloroplasts
c) cytoplasm
d) vacuole
Answer: D. Vacuole contains mostly water and will grow and shrink depending on how much
water the plant cell receives
13. When cooking spaghetti, some cookbook recipes recommend adding some oil
into a pot of boiling water before putting the noodles in. Some cookbook recipes
may also recommend adding a handful of salt into a pot of boiling water to
improve its taste.
Which of the following is the best reasoning for this?
Topic: Boiling points

a) Salt softens the noodles and oil allows it to cook faster.

b) Oil causes the noodles to become harder.
c) Oil and salt have no effect on the noodles.
d) Salt improves the taste of the noodles and oil prevents them from sticking to
each other during the cooking process.
Answer: D. Dissolved impurities in a solvent will increase the boiling point of the solvent. As
the boiling point is higher than when without salt added, the noodles will soften quicker. Salt
also prevents the noodles from tasting bland

6
 14. Denise had one litre of pure water in a tank. She took out 50 millilitres of water
and placed it into a clean container, and then left it in the freezer. After two hours,
she took out the ice from the freezer and placed it back into the tank of water.
She noticed that the ice floated on the water instead of sinking to the bottom.

Why did the ice float on top of the water?

Topic: Density

a) Water contracts then expands, hence the volume of the ice increased and it
became less dense.
b) Water contracts, hence the volume of the ice decreased and it became more
dense.
c) The amount of matter in the ice increased.
d) The amount of matter in the ice decreased.
Answer: A. Anomaly property of water. When water cools to 4°C, water contracts. From 4°C
to 0°C, water expands. Water at this state becomes less dense and floats on the rest of the
water
15. For a car to speed up, it needs to accelerate, which is for there to be an increase
in its speed. For a smooth journey while riding a car, to prevent any sudden
jerking when stopping the car, the driver should not step on the accelerator and
allow the car to slow down before applying the brakes.

Which of the following happens to the speed of the car during a decrease in
acceleration?
Topic: Acceleration

a) Car is still moving, but its speed increases at a slower rate.

b) Car is still moving and speed remains the same.
c) The car slows down and its speed decreases.
d) Its speed increases then decreases.
Answer: A. Acceleration means speed is always increase. Not the same as deceleration

7
Section B (Question 16 to 20: +2 points for correct answer, 0 points for no answer or -1 point wrong answer.)

Each question has 4 numbered options. Response is based on the following table:
A B C D
Option 1 only Option 1 and 3 only Option 2 and 4 only All of the above

16. A person standing at his current position is still unable to look at the object behind
the wall with the help of the mirror nearby.

mirror

person object

wall

How should he move in order to be able to look at the object with the help of the mirror?
Topic: Light and Shadows

1. move closer to the mirror, upwards

2. move away from the mirror, downwards
3. move away from the wall, to the left
4. move closer to the wall, to the right

answer: B.

mirror

person object

wall

Person should move himself such that he is in the path of the dotted line.

8
 17. Study the food web below.

Which of the following changes will lead to an increase in the population of K?

Topic: Living together (Environment and Food chains/web)

1. increasing the population of J

2. increasing the population of L
3. decreasing the population of M
4. decreasing the population of P
answer: B. To increase population, either increase food source or decrease the predators
18. Julia knocks a rubber ball off a table. The ball falls from a height of 2 metres and
bounces off the floor. The Law of Conservation states that energy cannot be
created or destroyed it can only be converted from one form to another.

Which of the following energy forms are involved in this energy conversion?
Topic: Energy Forms and conversion

1. light energy
2. kinetic energy
3. electrical energy
4. elastic potential energy
answer: C. Presence of rubber will contribute to elastic potential energy
19. Ali wants to push a box across the floor of his room with as little effort as
possible.

Which of the following will help him move the box across the floor of the room
with more ease?
Topic: Forces

1. Make the bottom of the box smoother.

2. Pour fine sand on the floor.
3. Add ball bearings in between the box and the floor.
4. Add a layer of cardboard between the box and the floor.
Answer: B. To reduce friction, make the contact surfaces smoother, add ball bearings or add
a lubricant

9
 20. On July 1969, two people went to space and landed on the Moon. Throughout
their journey, their spaceship experienced a decrease in planet Earth’s gravity
pull and an increase of the Moon’s gravity pull.
The amount of gravity is determined by the following formula:

where F is the force, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects interacting, r is the
distance between the centres of the masses and G is the gravitational constant.

Which of the following affects the amount of gravitational force pulling on the
spaceship?
Topic: Forces

1. The mass of planet Earth.

2. The mass of the spaceship.
3. The mass of the Moon.
4. The distance which the spaceship is between the planet Earth and the Moon.
Answer: D.

where F is the force, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects

interacting, r is the distance between the centres of the masses and G is the gravitational
constant.

Section C: (Question 21 to 25: +3 points for correct answer, 0 points for wrong and -1 point for wrong answer.)

21. Convection is one form of heat transfer where heat is transferred by the
movement of the medium (gas or liquid) due to the rising of the hotter gas/liquid
and sinking of the colder gas/liquid. Examples of appliances that use convection
are the electric kettle and air-conditioner.

Where should the heating element (the heat source) be placed in an electric
kettle? Where should an air-conditioner be placed in a room?
Topic: Heat Transfer

Position of the heating element in Position of the air-conditioner in a

an electric kettle room
a) top of the electric kettle near the top of the room
b) top of the electric kettle near the bottom of the room
c) bottom of the electric kettle near the top of the room
d) bottom of the electric kettle near the bottom of the room

Answer: C. The hot liquid in the kettle will rise and pushes the cool liquid down to be heated.
For an air-conditioner, the cool air expelled from the air conditioner sinks down and
circulates the room as the hot air rises to the top of the room

10
 22. An experiment was set up where four different substances were placed into
identical beakers filled with water labelled E, F, G and H. After stirring the
contents of the beaker, the results of the experiment are as described below.

Beaker E showed no visible change.

Beaker F had two layers of liquid in the beaker.
Beaker G showed no visible change.
Beaker H had its contents turned completely white and some of the substance
was seen floating on top of the water.

What could be the substances added to beakers E, F, G and H?

Topic: Density

E F G H
a) air oil salt flour
b) air oil flour salt
c) flour oil air salt
d) salt flour air oil

Answer: A. A little bit of air dissolves. Salt can dissolve in water. Oil cannot mix with water
and forms another layer. Flour cannot dissolve in water and turns water cloudy

11
 23. A value is given to all substances based on experiments. The substance with a
smaller density value will float on top of another substance with a higher density
value.

The below shows the density values of four different substances.

Topic: Density

substance density (g/cm3)

cork 0.26
ice 0.92
iron 7.86
gold 19.3

The diagram below shows the final result when 3 of the substances were placed
in two liquids.

P
petrol (density: 0.66 g/cm3)
Q
water (density: 1.01 g/cm3)
R

What are the possible identities of P, Q and R?

P Q R
a) gold cork ice
b) gold iron cork
c) ice cork gold
d) cork ice iron

Answer: D. The lower the density value, the further on top the object will be

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 24. Saliva in the mouth contains an enzyme that breaks down starch into sugar. An
experiment was set up where saliva was placed on three different types of food,
S, T and U. The sugar content was measured before and after the saliva had
been left on the food for some time. The table below shows the results of the
experiment.

food amount of sugar before the amount of sugar after the

experiment experiment
S low high
T high high
U low low

Which could be the possible food for S, T and U?

Topic: Digestive system, food groups

S T U
a) rice apple chicken
b) apple rice chicken
c) rice chicken apple
d) apple chicken rice

Answer: A. Starch is made up of many units of simple sugars. Rice contains the most
amount of starch which will be broken down into sugar when digested. Apples already
contain high amounts of simple sugars. Chicken is high in protein and has trace amounts of
sugar or starch

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 25. Indicators are chemical substances that change colour depending on the acidity
or alkalinity of the other substance it is added into. Indicators are used to test for
the acidity of alkalinity of a substance.

The differences in colour change of screened methyl orange is as show in the

scale below.

grey
purple green
pH
1 3.2 4.2 14

The table below shows the pH of some substances.

substance pH
pure water 7
oven cleaner 13
lemon juice 2
tomato juice 4

What would the colour of screened methyl orange be when added to each of the
substances in the table?
Topic: Acids and Alkalis

pure water oven cleaner lemon juice tomato juice

a) purple purple grey green
b) green grey purple grey
c) purple green grey purple
d) green green purple grey

Answer: D. Lemon juice (pH 2) is in between 1 and 3.2, therefore indicator turns purple.
Tomato juice (pH 4) is in between 3.2 and 4.2, therefore indicator turns grey. Pure water and
oven cleaner are in between 3.2 and 14, therefore indicator turns green.

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