Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2019 - 10 - Olympic 30.04
2019 - 10 - Olympic 30.04
1. Date 2. Restrain
datable restrained
dated restraining
dating restraint
undated unrestrained
outdated
3. Run 4. Company
forerunner accompany
runner accompanied
runnier accompaniment
runniest accompanist
runny accompanying
runabout unaccompanied
companion
companionable
companionship
5. Think 6. Human
rethink humanism
rethinking humanist
rethought humanistic
thinker humanity
thinking humanly
thoughtful humanness
thoughtfulness inhuman
thoughtless inhumanity
unthinkable humane
unthinking humanely
humanitarian
humanitarianism
7. Contribute 8. Adequate
contribution adequate
contributor inadequate
contributory Inadequacy
noncontributory
questioner existence
questioning existent
unquestionability nonexistent
unquestionable existential
questionnaire existentialism
questionable existentialist
questioner existentially
questioning
unquestionability
diner delicate
dining delicately
dinero indelicate
delicatessan
terrorise exposing
terrorism exposure
terrorist unexposed
terrorize
terrors
terrify
terrifying
withstanding complicating
Understand complication
Outstanding uncomplicated
occurring dependable
reoccur dependably
reoccurred dependant
reoccurring dependent
depending
undependable
dependence
independently
interdependence
unwelcomed defensible
unwelcoming defensibly
welcoming defensiveness
unwelcome indefensible
indefensibly
defend
defender
defending
undefended
PASSAGE 1
Recently, researchers conducted a survey to investigate what motivates young adults to exercise.
The study might shed light on why so few college students exercise and why many stop their
exercise workouts after they graduate. Researchers analyzed responses from 937 randomly selected
college students at a leading U.S. university. What the research team found was that 39% of the
male students and 26% of the female students exercised at least three days a week for 20 minutes
at a time. These exercise patterns were fairly similar to those in surveys at other universities. The
survey also revealed some critical factors which motivate college students to exercise.
Men who exercised regularly reported that their friends provided considerable support for them to
do so. Those who exercised only occasionally had moderate support from their friends, while those
who did not exercise at all had little or no support from friends. For women, however, the crucial
motivating factor seemed to come from family members rather than from friends. Women who
exercised regularly had a great deal of positive support to do so from their families. However, women
who exercised only occasionally received moderate levels of encouragement from their families, while
those who did not work out at all received little or no support from their families. Since college
students often live far from home, women students are likely to have a weaker support system than
do their male counterparts.
A medical professor, upon seeing the results of the study, remarked that generally there is not so
much emphasis on body performance among girls and young women. “It’s a macho thing to be able
to run faster or lift weights,” he said. “However,” he continued, “for the younger generation, this
gender gap appears to be getting smaller.”
1. What is the main purpose of the study presented in this passage?
A. to investigate college students’ attitudes towards good health and exercise
B. to find out why young women don’t like to exercise
C. to learn what makes college students exercise
D. to find the best type of exercise workout for college students
5. Why does the passage mention that some college students live far from home?
A. to emphasize that they do not see their families every day
B. to criticize their life styles
C. to show how independent they are
D. to explain why they depend on their friends so much
1. C
Lí do: câu topic: Recently, researchers conducted a survey to investigate what motivates young
adults to exercise.
2. D
2. Phương pháp nghiên cứu nào đã được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu này?
A. Sinh viên đại học đã báo cáo về các bài tập thể dục của bạn bè họ.
B. Sinh viên đại học đã báo cáo về các mẫu bài tập của gia đình họ.
C. Các giáo sư đại học đã trả lời các câu hỏi về sinh viên của họ.
D. Sinh viên đại học trả lời các câu hỏi về bản thân.
3. Nghiên cứu đã tìm thấy điểm tương đồng nào giữa nam và nữ?
A. Càng có nhiều bạn, họ càng tập thể dục nhiều hơn.
B. Càng được hỗ trợ nhiều thì vận động càng nhiều.
C. Càng sống gần gia đình, họ càng tập thể dục nhiều hơn.
D. Càng có ý thức về sức khoẻ, họ càng tập thể dục nhiều hơn.
4. So với dân số đại học nói chung, sinh viên ở trường đại học này làm bài tập ___.
A. ít thường xuyên hơn mức trung bình B. khoảng bằng mức trung bình
C. thường xuyên hơn mức trung bình D. trong thời gian lâu hơn mức trung bình
5. Tại sao đoạn văn đề cập đến việc một số sinh viên đại học sống xa nhà?
A. để nhấn mạnh rằng họ không gặp gia đình mỗi ngày
B. để chỉ trích phong cách sống của họ
C. để cho thấy họ độc lập như thế nào
D. để giải thích tại sao họ phụ thuộc vào bạn bè của họ quá nhiều
It has long been known that underweight, premature babies develop into children who perform
worse at school than children who had normal birth weight and were full-term. A recent study
examining the effects of birth weight on intelligence suggests that even among full-term babies the
TÀI LIỆU KHÓA HỌC LIVE-VIP VỚI THẦY OTTO TRUNG
heavier ones have an advantage. The study has been following 3,900 British men and women since
their birth in 1946. Birth weight was correlated with scores on tests of reading and arithmetic skills,
non-verbal reasoning, memory, speed, and concentration. These tests were conducted when the
participants were 8, 11, 15, 26, and 43 years old. Generally speaking, the heavier children performed
better on the tests. The relationship was strongest at age 8 and then weakened over time. By age
43, the relationship was negligible. The results were not affected by birth order, gender, father’s
social class, or mother’s education and age.
These findings must be interpreted with caution. First, the results were based on averages.
Second, birth weight is only one of numerous factors influencing cognitive function. Parental interest
in education - such as volunteering at school or helping with homework - may offset the effect of
birth weight. Furthermore, poor environmental conditions, such as living in an overcrowded home,
breathing polluted air, or being caught in a bitter divorce can diminish the early advantages enjoyed
by heavier babies.
Although no one knows exactly what makes a newborn baby heavy, it is known that healthy,
well-nourished mothers tend to have heavier babies, while those who eat poorly, smoke, and are
heavy drinkers tend to produce smaller ones. There are probably several other variables that affect
birth weight, but if and how those are connected to intelligence is not known.
1. In this study, the researchers examined the relationship between _______.
A. maternal nutrition and birth weight
B. home environment and intelligence
C. age and intelligence
D. intelligence and birth weight
2. What did the researchers find out about the relationship they were studying?
A. It increased up to age 26, then decreased.
B. It remained steady until age 26, then decreased.
C. It decreased as the subjects grew older.
D. It remained steady throughout the study.
3. Which children have an advantage at school?
A. Those who were full-term, lighter weight babies.
B. Those who were premature but normal weight babies.
C. Those who were full-term, heavier babies.
D. Those who were premature babies who gained weight quickly.
4. According to the passage, what is one possible reason to question the conclusions of the study?
A. The study did not consider some environmental factors.
B. The study was done too long ago.
C. The study was done on premature babies, not full-term ones.
D. The study tested different children at different ages.
5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Premature babies are disadvantaged throughout their lives.
B. Parents’ educational level affects intelligence.
C. No one knows the exact relationship between test scores and intelligence.
4. A
Lý do: There are probably several other variables that affect birth weight, but if and how those
are connected to intelligence is not known.
5. D
Lý do: it is known that healthy, well-nourished mothers tend to have heavier babies, while those
who eat poorly, smoke, and are heavy drinkers tend to produce smaller ones.
PASSAGE 3
Diving deep into the ocean is difficult for humans, although whales do it easily. The deepest a
human has dived into the ocean without scuba gear is to 450 feet below the surface, which required
him to hold his breath for about two minutes. Humans are unable to go much deeper because at a
certain point the external pressure becomes so great it crushes the ribcage and lungs. Furthermore,
lack of oxygen also prevents humans from staying under water for long periods. It is amazing, then,
that whales can dive to depths of up to 10,000 feet and remain there for as long as two hours.
Several adaptations enable the whale to do this, among them the construction of its ribcage. Unlike
humans, whales have fewer “true” ribs, ribs joined directly to the breastbone, and more “floating”
ribs, which are attached only to the preceding rib by cartilage. This flexible design allows the whale’s
ribcage to fold under pressure instead of breaking, and for its lungs to collapse without rupturing
capillaries. Also, during a dive, the whale’s heart slows to as low as 3 to 5 beats a minute. Arteries
constrict, reducing blood flow to many of the whale’s less vital organs, thus conserving oxygen and
maintaining blood pressure in the brain and heart. Humans emerging too suddenly from dives can
suffer from “the bends,” when small bubbles of nitrogen gas form in body fluids and obstruct blood
flow, leading to death. Because whales collapse their lungs, air is pushed from the lungs into the
windpipe, which is lined with thick membranes, making it difficult for nitrogen bubbles to pass into
the bloodstream or other tissues. Together, these and other adaptations enable whales to dive to
such depths.
1. What are “floating” ribs?
A. Ribs that are not attached to other ribs.
D. slower heartbeats
PASSAGE 4
Scientists have not been able to determine the exact age of the Earth directly from its rocks.
Geologists have yet to find any of Earth’s original rocks that have not been recycled and destroyed
through the process of plate tectonics. However, scientists have been able to determine the probable
age of our solar system and to calculate an age for the Earth by looking elsewhere - to outer space.
In doing so, they had to assume that the Earth and the rest of the solid bodies in our solar system
formed at the same time and are the same age.
Asteroids in outer space have not been subjected to the crushing forces of plate tectonics.
Meteorites, which are fragments of asteroids that fall to Earth, contain clues about planetary
2. C
Lý do: The final phase of Earth’s formation, the separation of its metallic core from its silicate-
based mantle, occurred about 30 million years earlier than previously thought.
3. B
Lý do: The ages of more than seventy meteorites have been measured using radiometric dating
techniques.
4. D
Lý do: , they can be dated fairly accurately by measuring the radioactive elements remaining in
them since the formation of the solar system.
5. B
Lý do: The final phase of Earth’s formation, the separation of its metallic core from its
silicate-based mantle, occurred about 30 million years earlier than previously thought.
THE END