Department of Civil Engineering

CVL242: Structural Analysis

Course Coordinator: Prof. Sahil Bansal
Teaching Assistant: Aniket Jain

Lecture 1: Introduction
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Structural Analysis
Structural analysis is about determining the response (reactions, internal forces
and deformations) of a given structure caused by applied loads.

Structural analysis is the application of Solid Mechanics to predict the response in

terms of forces (reactions and internal) and deformations.

Load Structure Response

(input) (system) (output)

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Equations of Equilibrium
• For the general 3D cases, 6 equations:

 Fx = 0  Fy = 0  Fz = 0

 M x =0  M y =0  M z =0
• For planar structures, reduces to 3 equations:

 Fx = 0 ,  F y = 0 ,  M o = 0

Perpendicular
to the plane
containing the
forces

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Structural Elements
❑ Pin Joined Frames (Trusses)

❑ Beams:

❑ Rigid Jointed Frames:

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Structural Modelling
Truss

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Structural Modelling
Beams

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Structural Modelling
Frame

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Other Types of Structural Forms
Surface structures (membrane, plates, shells, walls, slabs)

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Structural Modeling
The process of defining an ideal structure from a real structure is
called modeling

Space Frame

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Structural Modeling
The process of defining an ideal structure from a real structure is
called modeling

Plane
Frame

Space Frame
Continuous Beam Beam
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Support Types and Joints (2D)

Roller Support

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Support Types and Joints (2D)

Pin Support

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Support Types and Joints (2D)

Fixed Support

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Support Types and Joints (2D)

Pin Joint

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Support Types and Joints (2D)

Rigid Joint

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Loads
❑ Direct Loads
▪ Dead Load
▪ Live Load Body Forces
Surface Forces
▪ Earthquake Load Concentrated Forces
▪ Wind Load
▪ …..
❑ Indirect Loads
▪ Thermal Load
▪ Support Settlement
▪ Construction Errors
▪ Environmental Factors

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Responses
❑ Support Reactions
▪ Forces
▪ Moments
❑ Internal Forces
▪ Axial Forces
▪ Shear Forces
▪ Bending Moments
❑ Deformations
▪ Displacements
▪ Rotations

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Responses
❑ Support Reactions
▪ Forces
▪ Moments
❑ Internal Forces
▪ Axial Forces
▪ Shear Forces
▪ Bending Moments
❑ Deformations
▪ Displacements
▪ Rotations

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Responses
❑ Support Reactions
▪ Forces
▪ Moments
❑ Internal Forces
▪ Axial Forces
▪ Shear Forces
▪ Bending Moments
❑ Deformations
▪ Displacements
▪ Rotations

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Responses
❑ Support Reactions
▪ Forces
▪ Moments
❑ Internal Forces
▪ Axial Forces
▪ Shear Forces
▪ Bending Moments
❑ Deformations
▪ Displacements
▪ Rotations

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Structural Analysis
Credits: 3 (L-3, T-0, P-0)
Minor: 50
Major: 50

Text Books:
❑ Hibbeler, R.C., Structural Analysis

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Course Content
❑ General Concept of Static Equilibrium of Structures
▪ Concept of Free Body Diagram
❑ Analysis of Statically Determinate

▪ Trusses
▪ Beams
▪ Frames
❑ Double Integration Method, Macaulay’s Mehtod

❑ Moment Area Theorem, Conjugate Beam Method, Maxwell Betti Theorem, Method of

Superposition
❑ Energy Methods: Castigliano Theorem, Unit Load Method

❑ Analysis of Arches and Cable structures

❑ Analysis of Rolling Loads and Influence Line Diagram

❑ Introduction to Analysis of Statically Indeterminate structures

▪ Trusses using Energy Methods

▪ Beams using Energy Methods

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 Tie

Thank you.

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