1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) - Used for transmitting web pages and related data.

2. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - Used for transferring files between systems.
3. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - Used for sending email messages between servers.
4. POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) - Used for retrieving email from a server.
5. IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) - Another protocol for retrieving email, offering
more advanced features than POP3.
6. DNS (Domain Name System) - Resolves domain names to IP addresses.
7. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - Assigns IP addresses dynamically to devices
on a network.

1. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) facilitates the exchange of hypertext on different systems,
serving as the foundation of the World Wide Web, utilizing Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) to
identify resources, and transmitting data in MIME-like format via request-response protocol. A
HTTP request includes version type, URL, HTTP method, headers, and optional body, carrying
encoded data.

2. TELNET, or Remote Login Protocol, enables interactive client access to server hosts, defining a
Network Virtual Terminal (NVT) for standard network representation of a terminal, negotiating
communication-enhancing options, and presenting successful connections to the telnet server's
operating system.

3. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) allows users to perform file operations on remote hosts,
supporting functions like copying files to/from remote hosts, listing directories, and
deleting/renaming directories, using TCP for reliable data transport, requiring user authorization
for server access, and supporting various file formats.

4. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) facilitates email transfer via a store-and-forward model,
used between sender and sender's mail server, and between mail servers, employing Message
Transfer Agents (MTA), requiring client and server MTAs for mail transfer, and utilizing TCP for
reliable data transmission.

5. DNS (Domain Name System) serves as a decentralized naming system translating domain
names into IP addresses and vice versa, enabling users to access websites without remembering
IP addresses, querying DNS servers for mappings, and supporting TCP and UDP, with domain
types including generic, country, and inverse domains.

6. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) manages network configurations by dynamically

allocating IP addresses and related information to devices connected to a network, simplifying
network management by automatically assigning unique IP addresses, subnet masks, router
addresses, and DNS addresses to devices.
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/application-layer-protocols-in-tcp-ip/