Epidemiology

Odds ratio/ Cross product:

↓
ad
-

C
*
case-control study
T
Exposed

!
Relative risk/ Risk ratio : -

I mon-exposed

(
rfcp
x 100

Mon-exton
Attributable risk/ Absolute risk:

Population attributable risk: ITotal -

IME
e

cohort
study
 Screening
Disease
+ -
=>
-

+ e (TP) b(FP) PPV : aft

Test

-
*
-
c(FM) d(TM)
MPV =
Ac

A c (diseased)
- a a
Prevalence
+

Sp -
I

Si
= -

a C d + b
a+ b + c + d
fr
+

Youden index: Sat p-1

Bayes theorem:
suxprevalence
evalony prevalenal
X100
-
MpV =

,
PV
-

(SnxP)+ (1 Sp) (1-4)

=

-
 (Cholti Copy stuff)
BIOSTATISTICS
BY can 22
↑ He PROBABILITY of Commiting An -error
Level -95 % )
ALPHA ERROR / p value:-
-
-
statically significant study->P10 .
05 (Confidenc
Confidence level : 1-p 95 %
>
A sample sin My
study 4-By Brenow
.

Power of
1-B3
,
->
Power of study:

=standard deviation (se)

3 "Ismy
to Measure
set
studies multiple data
SD x 100
↳ multiple -
variation of data
Coefficient of variation -
%
25e]95
I

Mean interval Mean =

Confidence population
=

2
Variance =

(s) ↓
Standard error of mean: standard
<population) - where p
=

prevalence
22108

- Fa
,

Standard error of proportion:

- q
=
1
p-

Sample size where

ABSOLUTE/ Allowable snow
- ,
=
 BIOSTATISTICS
Distribution
Mode= 3median – 2mean 3 - BIMODAL
kitna chance Hone ka

A essay
to addition
Probability: Blood Group
Mutually exclusive: addition Eg
-

PROBABILITY of having TB & Blood group A or B

together
Independent factors: Multiplication Eg-
Odds: I
1 -
P
where p=
probability
Nhi Hows Ka
Kitna
(Row-1)(column-1)
-> chance
Test
Degree of freedom: fou chi-square
i

R4Q
*
ARR: Absolute Risk Reduction CER-EER =

experimental drug-e ZeameNeee

control dreg
e : ER ↓
RRR: Relative Rick Reduction FER Placelo

⑱ I
NNT: Number Needed to TREAT =

ARR
Health and disease
Total Cases (New +old) X 100 PROPORTION ,
Cross-sectional study
-
Prevalence:
Total Population
cases 1000 Rate ,
cohort study
New *
Incidence:
nation
& ik

dls) tell about

extent o epidemic
incidence [for infections
:

Attack rate: same as

in one 14 susceptibles don't include

100
secondary
case x

Secondary attack rate (SAR): -

Locase & vaccinated case

susceptibles in close contact -

-

fant
-
-

y
Proportional mortality rate: death
-ale due to a X 100 i Burden of als PROPORTIOM
Total Deaths
x 100
Finance of als
·

deaths due a cause

Case fatality rate: of to

Total cases
 Mid Year Population July
Demography I
:

Total BIRTH X 1000

Crude birth rate --
MYP

Total Death * 1000

Crude death rate -
-

MYP
Rule)
Annual growth rate: CBR-C DR Rule of 20 (Malthurian douttes in Toy
-

↳ AER is 1% Population
general fertility Rate 10 If
I
same
-
-

General FR & TER are

↓
Specific Entity Refe
only this
Age
for completed family size
TFR= 2 1
;

Total fertility rate (TFR) :

.

-> Bet
The sum of the ASFR for all reproductive age groups for a particular period
CPR= Couple
Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR): protection
Sum of the ASFR (births of daughters), for all reproductive age groups for a particular period
-
- Rate
-

Net reproduction rate (NRR): -> But you Fertility IMPICES [MRR=1 : CR>60
Average number of daughters that would be borne, according to specified rates of mortality and ASFR,
-
-
- -
%
by a new-born female
+
X 100
O
Communicable and Non-communicable diseases
3
How ⑦ for disease x 100 ; >5 % + BAD done fou Dengue ,

House index -

Yellow fever (Aeda)

-

Total house examined

Container & fr Lanvalpupal x 100 · < 20 % - BAD
Breteau index of
]
no -

-
of houses examined
Malaria Being A
for community Fan
Total no
2-BAD - But Indicator of ↳Index
API -
no
-
of new easy
x 1000 : AP1/
Blood exam-Rat]
Population & Risk
XI00-BEST for operational efficiency of Programme (Annual
ABER -slide examined
--
Total Population
SPR Slides
=

-
X 100 [SPR =
Slide
Positivity Rate]
Total slides examined
OBESITY
-9)

Stoiy
INDEX
Quetelet index is BRI =

H+(m2
Index not used in IMPIA)
wH(gm) <Ponderal
is

Ponderal index -
-
X100
HH(a3)
-Height lenswo
-

Broca index =
Height (cm) = 100

Corpulence index -
actual not
--

Ideal w
; Ideally 1 2
.

(Independent of Light
Miscellaneous
needed for
Bleaching pourder
<559 & H20
Amount of
Chlorine demand: O
1x2g
>
↓ colour
HORRock's Apparatus 44 =

jav changing Hundred

of Accidental ing
x 1200 HWY=

Pearl index: ↳
Tofal Accidental Preg --
no WOMEN

HWY
month of use X
using year

Pregnancy wastage factor: 10 %

Vaccine wastage factor:

least learn
this
at