9 English

Quarter 4–Module 4:
Reading to Lay Value Judgement on Critical Issues That
Demand Sound Analysis and Call for Prompt Action

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Catherine M. Yutuc
Editor: Sharie L. Miguel, Ed.D
Reviewer: Cherrylene M. Mendoza, MAED-Eng & Sharie L. Miguel, Ed.D
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Froilan G. Isip
Management Team: SDS Zenia G. Mostoles, EdD, CESO V
ASDS Leonardo C. Canlas, EdD, CESE
ASDS Rowena T. Quiambao, CESE
CID Chief, Celia R. Lacanlale, PhD
SGOD Chief, Arceli S. Lopez, PhD
June D. Cunanan, EPS-I, English
Ruby M. Jimenez, EPS-I, LRMDS

Published by the Department of Education, Schools Division of Pampanga

Office Address: High School Boulevard, Brgy. Lourdes, City of San Fernando, Pampanga
Telephone No: (045) 435-2728
E-mail Address: pampanga@deped.gov.ph

1
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the English 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Reading to

Lay Value Judgement on Critical Issues That Demand Sound Analysis and Call for
Prompt Action!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators from
public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners
as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the Learner:

Welcome to the English 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Reading to Lay
Value Judgement on Critical Issues That Demand Sound Analysis and Call for Prompt
Action!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

2
 What I Need to Know

This module will assist you in encouraging the learners to take a stand on certain
issues and determine the different forms of judgment.
Please help the learners in sharing their ideas and knowledge from their
experiences so that there will be collaboration and learning will be easy.
Answers are written at the back of this module. Inculcate to the learners the
value of honesty and love for family and friends.

For the learner

For this lesson, you will learn that whenever you are reasoning in support of a
value judgment, you are giving an argument. You will be given activities that you can
answer on your own after reading and going through the different parts of this module.
Please remember not to make markings on this module and write your answers on your
separate sheets of paper.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. take a stand on critical issues;
2. analyze the stand of the speaker based on his/her explicit statement; and
3. read to lay value judgement on critical issues that demand sound analysis
and call for prompt action.

What I Know

Read the text below and answer the question that follows. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.

Dear Editor,
COVID-19 (Coronavirus) has affected day to day life and is slowing down the
global economy. This pandemic has affected thousands of peoples, who are either sick
or are being killed due to the spread of this disease. The most common symptoms of
this viral infection are fever, cold, cough, bone pain and breathing problems, and
ultimately leading to pneumonia. This, being a new viral disease affecting humans for
the first time, vaccines are not yet available. Thus, the emphasis is on taking extensive
precautions such as extensive hygiene protocol (e.g., regularly washing of hands,
avoidance of face to face interaction etc.), social distancing, and wearing of masks, and
so on. This virus is spreading exponentially region wise. Countries are banning
gatherings of people to the spread and break the exponential curve. Many countries are
locking their population and enforcing strict quarantine to control the spread of the
havoc of this highly communicable disease.
COVID-19 has rapidly affected our day to day life, businesses, disrupted the
world trade and movements. Identification of the disease at an early stage is vital to
control the spread of the virus because it very rapidly spreads from person to person.
Most of the countries have slowed down their manufacturing of the products. The

3
various industries and sectors are affected by the cause of this disease; these include
the pharmaceuticals industry, solar power sector, tourism, Information and electronics
industry. This virus creates significant knock-on effects on the daily life of citizens, as
well as about the global economy.
Presently the impacts of COVID-19 in daily life are extensive and have far
reaching consequences. It has affected the sources of supply and effects the global
economy. There are restrictions of travelling from one country to another country.
During travelling, numbers of cases are identified positive when tested, especially when
they are taking international visits.5 All governments, health organisations and other
authorities are continuously focussing on identifying the cases affected by the COVID-
19. Healthcare professional face lot of difficulties in maintaining the quality of healthcare
in these days.
Sincerely
Anonymous
1. What issue is discussed?
2. What does it say about the massive impacts of COVID-19?
3. What arguments are stated by the author? Do you agree with him? Why? Why
not? Fill in the table with the information needed.

Arguments Agree Disagree

1. The pandemic has affected Because.. Because…
thousands of peoples, who
are either sick or are being
killed due to the spread of
this disease.
2.

3.

4
Lesson Reading to Lay Value Judgement on
Critical Issues That Demand Sound
2 Analysis and Call for Prompt Action

Critical thinking is a desire to seek, patience to doubt, fondness to

meditate, slowness to assert, readiness to consider, carefulness to dispose
and set in order; and hatred for every kind of imposture. —Francis Bacon,
philosopher.

What’s In
STANDING UP FOR GOOD
Study the ads below and then decide whether you will be in favor or against a particular
issue being raised. Answer the questions that follow.

(The Philippine Star, March

2020) (The Philippine Star,
NO PANIC BUYING February 2021) PORK HOLIDAY

1. What is your stand?

2. What helped you decide?
3. What did you use as a basis in decision-making?
4. If you were given the opportunity to talk to someone regarding the issues of no panic
buying and pork holiday, whom would you talk to? Why?
5. What would you tell him/her? Write your answers in your notebook.

Notes to the Teacher

The teacher must consider the prerequisite skills needed in the
development of this competency including the schema or background knowledge
which may reinforce learning. This module will help the learners bridge the gap
of learning to attain mastery of the lesson in its spiral progression.

5
 What’s New
What I

What skin color do you

prefer? White skinned or brown
skinned? Why?

What if we are going to apply it to your close friends? Is one friend better than the
other because he/she has lighter skin? What would he/she feel if you prefered the other
friend because of their skin color?

What Is It

You are usually making a certain kind of value judgment. We often say that
value judgments are normative, which means they evaluate things with respect to
certain standards or norms.
One way to get a quick handle on the nature of value judgments is to see that
any statement of fact can easily be converted into a value judgment by introducing a
value term. In the table below, the statements on the left are labeled descriptive. The
corresponding value judgments on the right are labeled prescriptive.

Descriptive
The U.S. invaded Iraq.
Jeremy is a student.
Sally is frightened.
The doctor accidentally killed the
patient.
Our teacher takes forever to return
homework.
José is in so in love with Brittany
I am ashamed of myself.
Prescriptive
The U.S. shouldn't have invaded Iraq.
Jeremy is an excellent student.
It's ok for Sally to be frightened.
The doctor should not be blamed for
accidentally killing the patient.
It's not fair of our teacher to take forever to
return the homework.
It's wonderful that José is so in love with
Brittany.
You ought to be ashamed of yourself.

6
Ambiguous cases
Sometimes statements will seem like value judgments when they aren't, and vice
versa. Here are some examples that can be confusing.

A. Statements that provoke value judgments but are not value judgments themselves

Some statements cause us to make value judgments even though they do not
contain value terms and are not value judgments themselves. For example:
 The prisoner risked his life to save that little boy.
 Grandma was so happy that you remembered her birthday.

All of these sentences are purely descriptive, but they describe things that normal
people regard as obviously good or bad. The important thing to see here is that a
statement is a value judgment only if it expresses a value judgment, not if it simply
provokes one.

B. Statements that use value terms but which do not express value judgments

Sometimes value terms are used to express statements that are more descriptive
than prescriptive. That's because value terms are often used simply as a shorthand
for more involved descriptive statements. Consider:
 It's hard to find a good husband.
 The patient suffered a bad blow to the head.

C. Statements that mention value terms, but do not use them.

In logic we distinguish between using a word to make a statement and just

mentioning the word within the statement for other purposes. This is a distinction child
learns pretty early.
For example, if Bernie says to his mother:
 Mom, Sarah said, "you little bastard!"

He does not expect to have his mouth washed out with soap because he only
mentioned the offensive expression, he didn't actually use it. Sarah used it.

D. Commands and rhetorical questions

Reasons and conclusions are always statements. Neither commands nor questions
literally express statements, but they are often properly interpreted as expressing value
judgments.
For example,
 Stop hitting your sister.

Literally, it is a command, not a statement. But, depending on the context of utterance, it

might also be interpreted as expressing the value judgment.
 You ought to stop hitting your sister.

Similarly, rhetorical questions like:

 Are you crazy?
 What the hell did you do that for?

May be interpreted as the value judgment:

 You shouldn't have done that.

Roughly speaking, a value judgment is a claim about something's moral, practical, or

aesthetic worth. Value judgments do not simply describe the world; they prescribe
certain attitudes or behaviors toward the world. When you say things like:

7
  That's good.  That's obligatory.
 That's bad.  That's admirable.
 That's wonderful.  That's shameful.
 That's a bummer.  That's despicable.
 That's not right.  That shouldn't be.
 That's sick.  That's ok.
 That's not fair.  That's just wrong.

You are usually making a certain kind of value judgment.

What’s More

Independent Activity 1

Below is a list of the 10 biggest issues, both good and bad, that shapes the entire
journey of the Philippines in 2020. Which particular issue affected you the most?
Choose one and discuss it briefly. The paragraph must be no longer than 200-250
words long.

MY NOTES

1) Taal Volcano.
2) Infrastructure mishaps.
3) COVID-19 lockdown.
4) Bicycles get recognition.
5) Motorcycle drama.
6) New LTO requirements.
7) The EDSA Busway.
8) U-turn closures.
9) Duterte’s Administration
10) The shift to cashless expressways

Independent Assessment 1

Judge the relevance and author’s reasoning on the text.

Read the news article below and take note of the important details for you to be able to
fill-out the table of the facts mentioned in the text. Write your answers on your answer
sheet.

The Issue The Speaker’s The Problem The Proposed

Stand Solution
A.

8
Independent Assessment 2

PH and allies must stand up to China

By: Dindo Manhit - @inquirerdotnetPhilippine Daily Inquirer / 04:02 AM April 17, 2021

On March 7, 2021, around 220 vessels flying the Chinese flag were spotted along
the Julian Felipe Reef, a shallow coral reef located approximately 175 nautical miles
west of Bataraza, Palawan. Based on data from geospatial satellite images from the
South China Sea Rapid Alert Platform of Similarity, these Chinese ships have been
present in the area since Dec. 14, 2020, actively entering and departing, and
anchored in a lined-up, moored formation.
Despite the filing of diplomatic protests and formal communications with the
Chinese Embassy in Manila, these Chinese maritime militia vessels have maintained
their presence in the area and even spread out to different areas within the
Philippines’ exclusive economic zone. This incident has become a serious concern
at the national and global levels. Disregarding the 2016 arbitral ruling, China has
become more aggressive with its rhetoric, most notably the bold statements and
responses of the Chinese Embassy against Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana.
The Department of National Defense led by Lorenzana, along with the
National Task Force for the West Philippine Sea, the Philippine Navy, the Philippine
Coast Guard, and the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, continue to be
vocal about these incursions and the risks they pose to national security. While
previous incursions involving Chinese vessels clearly demonstrate a continuing
security threat, Beijing’s passage of a new law explicitly allowing the Chinese coast
guard to fire on foreign vessels in waters it claims, as well as the amendment to
China’s national defense law, are more reasons for serious concern. While these
legislative measures are inherently within its rights, misinterpretation and risks arise
when they are viewed through China’s geopolitical interests and aggressive
posturing in the South China Sea (SCS).
Beijing has massively deployed nonconfrontational coast guard and fishing
vessels to increase its presence and deny access to areas in the SCS, while
simultaneously circumventing the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the
Law of the Sea. It has leveraged economic interdependence, humanitarian efforts,
and international participation as a diversion from the threats posed by its actions
and as a tool to advance its political agenda.
The Philippines, however, is not alone in its fight to uphold a rules-based
maritime order in the region. Like-minded states with shared democratic values have
expressed the same concern over China’s actions in the WPS.
In the fight to secure the WPS, the Philippine government must stop
downplaying China’s expansionist agenda and must remain steadfast in reasserting
the country’s sovereignty. The Philippines must leverage and strategize, through
minilateral and multilateral alliances, a joint patrol mechanism to defend its territorial
integrity and contribute to the international effort to maintain freedom of the seas.
This moment of heightened tensions could also be an opportunity to revisit the
Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement with the US. The Philippines has strong
allies to confront the China challenge to its national security; it must build on these
relations to protect its sovereignty and interests.

9
Determine the following statements as Descriptive or Prescriptive. Write D for
Descriptive and P for Prescriptive. Do this on your answer sheet.

__________1. It's hard to find a job.

__________2. You haven't tried hard enough to find a job.
__________3. Those pants are way too tight on you.
__________4. Those pants are tight on you.
__________5. Picasso was one of the greatest painters of the 20th century.

What I Have Learned

Read each statement and decide which of the statements that follow is correct. Write C
before each CORRECT JUDGMENT and leave the others blank. You may find more
than one correct judgment.

Situation A

Thelma was walking slowly under the sun blazing directly overhead. She felt
content and joyous. She thought of how good it felt to have the sun’s warmth seem to
penetrate through her. She wondered if it was because it somehow made up for the
human warmth she craved.

____1. Thelma enjoyed the summer weather.

____2. The person spoke about affection craved.
____3. The girl loved nature.

Situation B
Do this. Do that. Always something I should do or follow. Then when I do it, it’s all
wrong. Well, I’m glad I left. There will be no eagle eyes watching my every move. I can
breathe now.

____4. The speaker in the passage has left home.

____5. Someone has been nogging the speaker.
____6. The speaker is unhappy about his decision to leave.

What I Can Do

Make a slogan about why discrimination must be stopped. Do this on a sheet of bond
paper or ¼ size white cartolina.

10
 4 3 2 1 Score
Criteria (N/A) (N/A) (N/A) (N/A) (N/A)

Craftsmanship 4 3 2 1 Score

The slogan is The slogan is The slogan The slogan

exceptionally attractive in is is
attractive in terms terms of acceptably distractingly
of neatness. neatness. attractive messy.
Well-constructed Good though it
and not messy. construction may be a bit
and not very messy.
messy.

Creativity 4 3 2 1 Score

Slogan is Slogan is Slogan is The slogan

exceptionally creative and a creative and does not
creative. A lot of good amount some reflect any
thought and effort of thought was thought was degree of
was used to put into put into creativity.
make the banner. decorating it. decorating
it.

Originality 4 3 2 1 Score

Exceptional use Good use of Average No use of

of new ideas and new ideas and use of new new ideas
originality to originality to ideas and and
create slogan. create slogan. originality to originality to
create create
slogan. slogan.

Grammar 4 3 2 1 Score

There are no There is 1 There are 2 There are

grammatical grammatical grammatical more than 2
mistakes on the mistake on the mistakes on grammatical
poster. poster. the poster. mistakes on
the poster.

Assessment

Directions: Read and analyze the following items. Write only the letter of the correct
answer on your answer sheet.

1. Joey wants to explain to his mother how the unit on conflict is relevant to him. He
could write her a note saying: ________________________________________.
A. It was not relevant to me at all.
B. Conflict is relevant to me because I have serious disagreements with at
least one of my brothers every day.

11
 C. Conflict is a serious disagreement between at least two sides.
D. Conflict is relevant to me because there are a lot of conflicts everywhere.
2. Barbie is asked by her friends why she is so interested in studying the Philippine
War. She tells them it is relevant to her_________________________________.
A. because her dad was an American soldier in the Philippines and met her
mother there.
B. ...not so much.
C. because Filipino people eat a lot of rice and so does, she.
D. because Philippines is a pretty place and so it matters.
3. Juan tells his teacher that he should not have to study genocide because it is not
relevant to his life. What might he say as a valid explanation?
A. Countries far away don't have any impact on his life.
B. It would only be relevant to his life if there were a genocide in a country
that was a close ally to the Philippines.
C. Genocide is just a political term for violence during war. It doesn't really
exist.
D. He lives in the Philippines and the Philippines has never participated in
any acts of genocide.
4. Eli lives next door to a lot where a new Dunkin' Donuts is being built. Why is this
relevant to him?
A. Eli's favorite breakfast is a McGriddle.
B. He is allergic to sugar.
C. Eli loves donuts and is often unsure of what to make for breakfast.
D. It's not really.
5. Garth Brooks has been in town for 5 days and sold 90,000 tickets. How is this
relevant to Mrs. Stieler's husband Nate?
A. Nate once danced with a pretty girl to "The Dance".
B. Dancing. Nate loves Dancing.
C. It's not. He hates country music.
D. Nate works a few blocks from the Iowa Events Center and traffic was
crazy Friday night after work.
6. It is a claim about something's moral, practical, or aesthetic worth.
A. descriptive C. prescriptive
B. normative D. value judgment
7. Claims start with information from the world, and from that information we form
beliefs and ideas.
A. descriptive C. prescriptive
B. normative D. value judgment
8. Guiding and directing and regulating about what is right and wrong is called
__________.
A. descriptive C. prescriptive
B. normative D. value judgment
9. It's important to be able to identify value judgments is that normative language
provokes contradictory intuitions about whether the reasoning involved is
explanatory or argumentative in nature. This statement is __________.
A. true C. descriptive
B. false D. opinion
10. If the conclusion of a rationale is a value judgment, then the rationale itself is an
argument.
A. true C. descriptive
B. false D. opinion

12
 Additional Activities

Evaluate the editorial cartoon using the rubric below. Then answer the questions that
follow. Rate also the cartoon using the given rubric below. Do this on your answer
sheet.
1. What is the message of the cartoon?
2. Do you agree with its message? Why/Why not?
3. What do you think is the purpose of the cartoonist?

(Albano, 2021.https://businessmirror.com.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/oped)

13
 Answer Key

6.
C 5. Answers may vary.
C 4.
C 3. Additional Activities
Answers may vary.
2.
What’s More 10. A 5. D.
C 1. 9. A 4. C
Answers may vary. 8. B. 3. D
What I Have Learned 7. A 2. A
What’s New 6. D 1. B
3. P
Answers may vary. Assessment
5. P 2. P
What’s In 4. D 1. D Answers may vary.
Answers may vary. Independent Assessment 2 What I Can Do

What I Know
Answers may vary Answers may vary.
Independent Assessment 1 Independent Activity 1

References
Albano, 2021. [online] Available at: <https://businessmirror.com.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/oped>
[Accessed 18 April 2021].

Haleem, Abid & Javaid, Mohd (2020). Effects of COVID-19 pandemic in daily life
https://theaseanpost.com/article/how-philippines-fighting-covid-19

King, P. (2000). Learning to make reflective judgments. In Baxter-Magolda, M. B. Ed.), “Teaching to

promote intellectual and personal maturity.” New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 82. San
Francisco: Jossey-

Manhit, D., 2021. PH and allies must stand up to China. [online] INQUIRER.net. Available at:
<https://opinion.inquirer.net/139388/ph-and-allies-must-stand-up-to-china> [Accessed 18 April
2021].

Mayes,2021. Because. [online] Csus.edu. Available

at:<https://www.csus.edu/indiv/m/mayesgr/phl4/because/part8
analyzingvaluejudgments.htm?fbclid=IwAR3nl9ceX8S03Lnl9kSCCCeh35ywZ64TopqWvlJZjFPE8
3LiBBvwtrRLn2M> [Accessed 18 April 2021].

Resurreccion. 2021. III. ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY. [online] Available at:

<https://resurreccionpia.wordpress.com/ 2013/12/09/iii-argumentative-essay/>[Accessed 18 April
2021].https://resurreccionpia.wordpress.com/2013/12/09/iii-argumentative-essay/

Salazar. 1986. Skill builders for efficient reading. 10th ed. Quezon City: Phoenix.

14