Made by Shadow Company

ZOOM
UNIT # 1

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LOCATION OF PAKISTAN

LOCATION (Latitudes & Longitudes):

Description of Latitudes.
- Location is determined by two components, Latitude and Longitude.
- Latitude is horizontal imaginary division of Earth.
- Latitudes are also known as Parallel lines running from West to East but
their spiral direction of movement is towards North pole.
- They are measured in angles. Starting from 0 Degree (Equator) to 90
Degree (Poles -North & South).
- Latitudes are represented with N (North).
- Equator is the very first latitude or imaginary line that divides the Earth into
two equal halves (Northern Hemisphere & Southern). It is measured as 0
degree N.
- When we start moving away from equator towards Poles (North), we start
reaching on higher latitudes.
- While moving away from equator in the Northern Hemisphere (Hemisphere
above the equator), when we step on 23.5 degree North Latitude, it means
we are standing at Tropic of Cancer.
- Whereas, the same line in Southern Hemisphere (below equator) is known
as Tropic of Capricorn.
- To determine the location of Pakistan, we just need to reach little above
the Tropic of Cancer. When we reach the latitude of 24°35’ N it means we
have reached the Southern border of Pakistan. While moving further up,
we reach the latitude of 37°05’ N it means we have reached the Northern
Border of Pakistan.
- Thus, the Latitudinal stretch of Pakistan is: 24°35’ N to 37°05’ N latitude.
Description of Longitudes.
- Longitudes are the vertical division of Earth, moving from Poles to Poles
(North to South) with spiral direction towards East.
- They are also measured angles (0 to 180 Degree). And represented by E
(East).
- 0 degree East is known as Meridian.
- While moving from Meridian line towards East, we are believed to be in
Post Meridian (P.M) direction. While towards West it is Anti Meridian
(A.M).
- Moving in P.M direction, when we reach at the line 61° E, it means we have
Made by Shadow Company

stepped on the Western Border of Pakistan. When we keep moving

towards after crossing 61 E, we step on 78° E, means we have crossed
Pakistan’s Eastern border.
- Thus, the longitudinal stretch of Pakistan is 61° E to 78° E.
- Therefore, complete location of Pakistan is:
24°35’ N to 37°05’ N (Latitudinal Stretch)
61° E to 78° E (Longitudianal Stretch)
Made by Shadow Company

ADMINISTRATIVE PROVINCES OF PAKISTAN:

 Sindh
 Punjab
 Khyber Pakhtoonkhaw
 Balochistan
 FATA (Federally Administrated Tribal Areas)
Made by Shadow Company

 Gilgit – Baltistan

 Azad Kashmir

NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES OF PAKISTAN:

 China towards North East.
 India towards East.
 Afghanistan towards North West. (Pakistan shares LONGEST BORDER
with
AFGHANISTAN on West). Formerly it was known as the Durand Line, now
Pak-
Afghan Border.

 Iran towards West.

 Tajikistan towards North (separated by a small strip from Afghanistan known
as
Wakhan strip).
 Arabian Sea towards South.
Made by Shadow Company

WAKHAN BORDER:
- Wakhan Border (Lies towards the North – Eastern part of Afghanistan.
- It is a small strip for about 350 km long and 13 km – 65 km wide).
- It separates Tajikistan from Pakistan in North.

RIVERS OF PAKISTAN:
- Indus, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi & Sutlej
- Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, & Sutlej are the Eastern tributaries of Indus and River
Kabul is western.

IMPORTANCE OF THE LOCATION OF PAKISTAN:

Made by Shadow Company

- The location of Pakistan is unique as it joins the east to the west.

- Pakistan has religious, cultural and economic relations with the Central
Asian Islamic States (CAS) located towards the North West of Pakistan; like
Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan
etc.
- Linked with Oil rich Islamic states (Gulf States) through Arabian Sea.
- Located near to Strait of Hormuz and thus can keep an influence upon the
shipment of oil in the sub – continent.

- It has the potential to develop transit economy on account of its strategic

location, land locked countries like Afghanistan are totally dependent on
Pakistan for their trade through sea.
- Gwadar Port located on the Makran Coast holds an immense importance in
the economy of Pakistan. Route of CPEC (China Pakistan Economic
Corridor).
SIGNIFICANCE OF GWADAR PORT.
- Gwadar is a deep sea – port located to the south western part of Pakistan in
the province of Balochistan, closes to the important Strait of Hormuz
through which more than 13 million barrels of oil passes on daily basis.
- Land locked countries and china are interested to invest on Gwadar which
will increase the economic conditions of the people living in Balochistan.
- It has the potential to be turned into an international hub of industrial and
commercial activity which can play a key role in the economic
development.
Made by Shadow Company

IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN’S LOCATION FOR LANDLOCKED

COUNTRIES:
- Landlocked are the countries that are surrounded by land from all
directions and there are no seas on their borders.
- Afghanistan, CAS Republics (Tajikistan, Turkmenistan etc.) as well as China
(to some extent) are landlocked neighbouring countries of Pakistan.
- Pakistan is located in the heart of three vital regions; South – Asia, Central
Asia and West Asia.
- It is a fast & emerging junction for multiple corridors of cooperation
between Afghanistan, China and CAS.
- Pakistan is the only country which can promote multi – lateral trade with
the neighbor countries.
- Being an economic sector Pakistan can provide a boost to inter – regional
economic activities.
PORTS OF PAKISTAN:
- Karachi Port Trust located in Karachi.
- Port Bin Qasim located near Gharo Creek.
- Gwadar Port Authorities located in Balochistan (Makran Coast).
Importance of Pakistan – Iran Gas Pipeline Project:
- Iran is struggling to export its surplus gas and oil to eastern countries like
China and India which lacks in these power resources.
- In this energy scarce world Pakistan is located in the hub of energy rich
countries like Qatar, Iran and Afghanistan.
- Iran can transport its gas to India through Pakistan only by pipelines.
- The gas project will also help Pakistan to overcome its energy crisis.
- Will increase the bi lateral relations between the two countries.
MAPS OF MAJOR CITIES OF PAKISTAN:
- SINDH (Karachi, Hyderabad, Mirpur Khas, Sukkur, Thatta, Nawabshah,
Jacobabad, & Larkana).
- PUNJAB (Rahim Yar Khan, Bahawalpur, Multan, Lahore, Dera Ghazi Khan,
Jehlum, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Khanpur, Sialkot, Jhelum, & Islamabad /
Rawalpindi).
- BALOCHISTAN (Quetta, Noh Kundi, Zhob, Nushki, Kharan, Bela, Turbat,
Gwadar, Jeewani, & Panjgur).
- KHYBER PAKHTOONKHA (Peshawar, Mardan, Mianwali, Tank, Bannu,
Chitral, & Mongoor).
Made by Shadow Company