GEOGRAPHY TEST

LOCATION OF PAKISTAN

Pakistan lies on the Tropic Of Cancer.

Pakistan’s coordinates are latitudes 30N, 36N and longitudes
64E, 70E and 76E. (30.4419 and 69.3597)

Pakistan has 4 bordering neighbors:

1. India: Located in the East this border is a contentious one

and has been a source of conflict between the countries
for decades.

2. Afghanistan: Located in the West this border is known as

the Durand Line and has been historically disputed over.

3. Iran: Located in the West this border has been important

for trade and economic relations between these 2
countries.

4. China: Located in the Northeast the border is on a

mountainous region of the Karakoram Range and has
strategic importance. China and Pakistan have strong
economic and strategic ties.

Also Pakistan has been working to strengthen economic ties

with Central Asian countries through initiatives like the
China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and aims to provide
transit and trade routes to landlocked Central Asian nations.
These relationships also emphasize regional stability and
cooperation in addressing shared security challenges.
Arabian Sea:

Size:

Pakistan has a coastline 1050 km in which Sindh has 250 km and

Balochistan 800 km. The Arabian Sea itself is 3,862,000 sq km big
and stretches from the Eastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula
to the Western coast of the Indian subcontinent.

Location:
It’s located in the South of Pakistan and separates itself from
the south and south western borders of the Arabian Peninsula.

Importance for Pakistan:

1. Trade and Ports:

The Arabian Sea plays an important role in the trade and

business of Pakistan and for other countries strategically too.
There are many ports like Karachi Port, Qasim Port and Gwadar
Port. The Arabian Sea also stays warm throughout the year
which also is a great advantage for Pakistan as not many
countries have access to this.

2. Fishing:

Since the Arabian Sea never freezes it can be used by the

fishing industry. Fishing provides jobs to underdeveloped
places in provinces like Balochistan and Sindh. It also gives an
advantage of food security.

3. Transportation:

Pakistan connects China to the Arabian Sea which eases trade

for them. It also connects the Arabian Peninsula meaning that
since China is a huge energy consuming country it needs to
import tons of oil and Pakistan can be used to connect them to
the Middle Eastern Oil rich countries. Also the sea attracts
domestic and international cargo. It also brings in passenger
ferries for nearby countries like Oman and Iran.

4. Climate

Since the Arabian Sea influences the Climate of Pakistan

especially along its coastal regions. It brings in moisture and
moderates temperatures that are important for agriculture and
overall climate patterns.

5. Tourism:

The coastal areas have a potential of bringing in tourism.

Activities such as water sports, beach tourism and recreational
activities can attract tourists.

There are 7 provinces in total in Pakistan:

1. Sindh
2. Punjab
3. Balochistan
4. KPK (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)

There are 7 administrative areas in total in Pakistan:

1. Sindh
2. Punjab
3. Balochistan
4. KPK (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
5. Islamabad (Capital Territory)
6. Gilgit Baltistan
7. Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Memorize the location of the cities: Islamabad, Rawalpindi,
Gujranwala, Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan, Sialkot, Peshawar,
Chitral, Gilgit, Hyderabad, Karachi, Quetta

NATURAL TOPOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN, INCLUDING DRAINAGE:

What does topography mean?

The physical features and shape of the land like hills, valleys
and mountains.

What does drainage mean?

Drainage is how water flows and moves on the land, like rivers
and streams.

Northern Mountains (Himalayas and Karakoram Range):

Elevation : The Northern Mountains are exceptionally high,
with peaks reaching over 8,000 meters (26,000 feet) above sea
level.
Glaciers : These ranges are known for their massive glaciers,
which are like frozen rivers of ice.
Steep Slopes : The slopes are extremely steep and often
covered in snow.
Deep Valleys : They have deep valleys carved by glaciers and
fast flowing rivers.
North Western Mountains (Sulaiman Range and Safed Koh):
Elevation : The North Western Mountains have varying
elevations, ranging from moderate to high.
Rugged Terrain : The region features rugged and challenging
terrain with steep slopes and deep valleys.
Cultural Significance : These mountains have cultural
importance for local communities, especially the Sulaiman
Range in central Pakistan.

Western Mountains (Potwar Plateau and Salt Range):

Elevation : Western Mountains generally have lower
elevations compared to the Northern and North Western
ranges.
Arid Climate : The western region experiences an arid and
semi arid climate, contributing to its dry landscape.
Plateau Features : The Potwar Plateau has rolling plains with
occasional hills and smaller plateaus within it.
Cultural and Urban Centers : Several major cities, including
Islamabad, are located on the Potwar Plateau.

Potwar Plateau:
 Elevation : The Potwar Plateau is relatively flat compared to
the surrounding mountains, with elevations ranging from about
457 to 610 meters (1,500 to 2,000 feet).
Agricultural Importance : The plateau is agriculturally
significant due to its fertile soils and moderate climate.
Cultural Significance : It has cultural importance and is
home to various communities.

1. Balochistan Plateau
2. Sulaiman Range
3. Safed Koh
4. Potwar Plateau
5. Salt Range
6. Hindu Kush
7. Karakoram mountain Ranges
8. Himalaya mountain Ranges

1. Indus
 2. Jhelum
3. Chenab
4. Ravi
5. Sutlej
6. Kabul
7. Hub (The river ‘Hab’ mentioned in the syllabus is incorrect)
8. Dasht

Cities Worksheet

1. Islamabad
2. Rawalpindi
3. Gujranwala
4. Lahore
5. Faisalabad
6. Multan
7. Sialkot
8. Peshawar
9. Chitral
10. Gilgit
11. Hyderabad
12.Karachi
13.Quetta
14.Gwadar