MEDIA LITERACY

Kate Anne Camposagrado

Riza Mae Fariolan
Carl Lester Gamuza
Cristine Gemotea
Reysa Mae Gilo

April 2024

—
ED4

—
Dr. Ma. Maja Jade N. Perez
 OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the

students should be able to:

a. define media literacy;

b. examine the advantages and
disadvantages of media; and
c. use media effectively.

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 MOTIVATION

FAKE NEWS DETECTION GAME:

In this activity, students are presented with a mix of real and fake
news stories. They must use their media literacy skills to identify the
fake news and explain the clues or indicators that led them to their
conclusions.

How to do it: The facilitators will create a set of news stories, which
are real and some are fake. Next, divide the class into four groups.
Present them to students in a game format where they must guess
which ones are fake and provide reasons for their choices.

NEWS STORIES
1. https://www.facebook.com/globaldailymirror/posts/pfbid028YHoLiUbQ
Gj4jz1RfTav8Nc2dr8h9YXxoedTXMZW1DpKJEV9KJmkxs55Qn4touYQl
2. https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=pfbid0Mu2QP1zFoyHCno
F1ruxU7EuzbYeoF8gRvXyAtw9MEQFUq71trSMRGwYBurNUD3Y4l&id=1
00066814033799&mibextid=Nif5oz
3. https://www.facebook.com/RMNiloilo774/posts/pfbid02N3mFaewmXWf
jDbiXQm9qccUfY4fjdvtErwcz4GUCqrpQ9Azb6bnYXQQZWVCLaKhVl
4. https://www.facebook.com/PhilippineSTAR/posts/pfbid02d7E6gpxLTzD
7DJy6YiJ5UApjLvFqiybrwvJ8Py5Gi9hoQmmJZUndzogyfp8KQoEKl
5. https://www.facebook.com/61557892277048/posts/pfbid03ZeS1e8iGzvv
TttjviodPMA3AWsCYiQr512FEVv2ZGWo63iwDN8714oKpYYgBkKGl/?ap
p=fbl

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PAGE 4
 MEDIA LITERACY CONCEPTS

Media literacy encompasses the critical assessment of information

from mass media sources, understanding the representation of reality
in media, and the process of accessing, decoding, evaluating,
analyzing, and creating both print and electronic media. It involves
reading and designing texts with technology, understanding modern
technology and software, and exploring the internet. As a 21st-century
educational approach, it fosters understanding of media's role in
society and develops inquiry and self-expression skills vital for
democratic citizenship. Media literacy addresses the complexity of
electronic communication, promotes critical evaluation, teaches media
management strategies, including ICTs in education, and includes
skills like effective internet searches, respect for intellectual property,
and discernment between truth and fake news.

ROLES OF MEDIA LITERACY

Media literacy plays a crucial role in today's society, where creating

media is easy yet discerning its credibility can be challenging.
Specifically, it empowers individuals to think critically, evaluating
media messages for coherence and key ideas before accepting them
as valid sources of information. Moreover, media literacy enables
individuals to become smart consumers by equipping them with the
skills to discern the credibility of products and information,
particularly in advertising contexts. Additionally, it facilitates the
ability to recognize different points of view, fostering appreciation for
diverse perspectives. Furthermore, media literacy promotes
responsible media creation by encouraging individuals to express
their ideas effectively and acknowledge their influence. It also helps
individuals understand the role of media in shaping cultural norms
and influencing behavior. Lastly, media literacy enables individuals
to understand the goals behind media content, empowering them to
make informed choices.

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 SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media is a term that describes websites to connect people and

involve user-generated content, which is the hallmark of a social media
site. It is sometimes called Web 2.0, which is currently a huge
opportunity to reach target audience and increase online sales. (Go,
2019)

TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA WEBSITES

1. Social Media News Websites - It entails users to submit links to

Web content like articles, podcasts, videos, etc.

2. Social Media Networking Website - It depicts ability to upload a

personal profile that usually connects with other people, such as
LinkedIn (social networking for professionals), and Facebook
(social networking for everyone)

3. Social Media Photo and Video Sharing - It allows users to upload

photos through Facebook, Instagram, and Pinterest while videos
through YouTube.

4. Microblogging and Blogging Websites- Sometimes called

"presence apps", these services let users post very short messages
like blogging, and easily keep up with what their friends are
posting.

5. Social Media Review Websites- It shows how social media

reviews can make a break a company or an organization, such as
Amazon and eBay.

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 MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY (MIL)

Media and Information Literacy (MIL) is a “combination of

knowledge, attitudes, skills, and practices required to access, analyse,
evaluate, use, produce, and communicate information and knowledge
in creative, legal and ethical ways that respect human rights” (Moscow
Declaration on Media and Information Literacy, 2012).

WHAT IS MEDIA LITERACY?

The Aspen Media Literacy Here are examples:

Institute came up with this
definition in 1992: Television
“Media Literacy is the ability to Video games
access, analyze, evaluate and Photographs
create media in a variety of Podcasts
forms.” Blog posts
YouTube videos
Social media
Magazines and newspapers

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WHAT IS INFORMATION Examples of Information
LITERACY? Literacy skills:

The American Library Communication: Receiving and

Association defines information relating different types of
literacy as “…a set of abilities information
requiring individuals to Critical Thinking: Evaluating
'recognize when information is facts to fully understand an
needed and have the ability to issue, problem, or topic and
locate, evaluate, and use create an effective solution
effectively the needed Computer Technology: Using
information.'" computers/the Internet to find
the information and determine
its validity
Research: Gathering, analyzing,
and interpreting information
related to a given topic.

SEVEN DIMENSIONS OF MIL

1. Tool literacy: Understanding and using various tools effectively.

2. Resource literacy: Knowledge and skills to find resources

efficiently.

3. Social- Structural Literacy: Understanding social systems and

relationships critically.

4. Research Literacy: ability to conduct and evaluate research

effectively.

5. Publishing Literacy: Knowledge to share information through

various platforms.

6. Emerging Technology Literacy: Understanding and adapting to

new technologies proficiently.

7. Critical Literacy: Analyzing and understanding information

critically and accurately.

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 ADVANTAGES OF MEDIA

1. People get the latest world news in a very short time regardless
of distance.

2. People feel convenient in accessing information through mobile

phones.

3. Media educate people on health matters, environmental

conservation and others through various forms.

4. Media leads to the diffusion of diverse culture and cultural

practices.

5. Media become vehicle in promoting products towards increased

sales.

6. They serve as a good source of entertainment.

7. They help people around the world understand each other and
respect differences

DISADVANTAGES OF MEDIA

1. Some media contents are not suitable for children.

2. A newspaper is geographically selective.

3. The internet can be a possible way for scams, fraud, and hacking.

4. Media can be addictive that may result in people's decreased

productivity.

5. They may induce drugs and alcohol use.

6. They can ruin reputation through an anonymous account,

malicious accounts, false accusations and rumors.

7. They can cause health hazards, such as radiation effects, poor

eyesight, hearing defects and others. PAGE 9
 INTEGRATING MEDIA LITERACY IN THE
CURRICULUM

Although media literacy is now part of the curricula, it is confronted

with a variety of factors, such as limited access to equipment, teacher’s
lack of confidence with the material and, and perception of media
education as just an accessory to the curriculum.

Lynch (2018) presents six ways to integrate media literacy into the
classroom for students to become media literate:

1. Teach students to evaluate media.

2. Show students where to find digital resources and databases.
3. Compare/contrast various media sources.
4. Discuss how the media edits and alters.
5. Examine the “truth” in advertisements.
6. Have students create media.

Media skills. Although this is given little emphasis in the classroom.

Hobbs and Frost (1994) present the skills that students are able to
possess with the media they use in class:

1. Reflect on and analyze their own media consumption habits.

2. Identify the author, purpose and point of view in films,

commercials, television and radio programs, magazine and
newspaper editorials and advertising.

3. Identify the range of production techniques that are used to

communicate opinions and shape audience response.

4. Identify and evaluate the quality of media’s representation of the

world by examining patterns, stereotyping, emphasis and
omission in print and television news.
5. Appreciate the economic underpinnings of mass media
industries to make distinctions between those media which sell
audiences to advertisers and those which do not.
6. Understand how media economics shapes message content.
7. Gain familiarity and experience in using mass media tools.

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 APPROACHES TO TEACHING MEDIA LITERACY

Kellner and Share (2007) mentioned three approaches to teaching

media literacy that would utilize media in pedagogical practice.

1. Media Arts and Education Approach

2. Media Literacy Movement Approach
3. Critical Media Literacy Approach

Utilizing Media Across Disciplines.

Media education can be integrated in every course discipline.
Assessing and Evaluating Media Literacy.
Just like any student outputs, media-oriented works should also be
evaluated to assess quality based on standards.

In general, media literacy work can be evaluated in three ways:

1. How well the students understand the key concepts of media

literacy.
2. The depth and quality of the student’s inquiry and analysis of
the questions raised.
3. How well the student applies specific technical skills.

These key concepts act as filters that any media text has to go through
in order to critically respond:

1. Media are constructions.

2. The audience negotiates meaning.

3. Media have commercial implications.

4. Media have social and political implications.

5. Each medium has a unique aesthetic form.

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 APPLY

#PARODYREELS

Parody is a type of comedic mimicry or imitation that exaggerates or satirizes the

style, form, or qualities of an original work or subject in a humorous way. Parodying
a movie can be a fun and creative way to showcase the sense of humor and creativity
of the students with the use of Facebook Reels. Facebook Reels is a feature on
Facebook that allows users to create and share short, entertaining videos with their
friends and followers. This activity will be done individually.

Instructions:

1. Select a popular movie or series that everyone is familiar with. It can be a

classic film, a comedy, a drama, or even an epic one.
2. Choose an iconic scene you want to recreate and familiarize it.
3. Open the Facebook app on your mobile device and click on the camera icon
in the top left corner of the screen.
4. Select the "Reels" option from the menu that appears to start creating your
reel.
5. Start by creating a short video using the Facebook Reels feature. You can add
music, effects, and filters to make your video engaging and entertaining.
6. The 1 minute to 2 minutes reel should contain the parody of the scene
from your favorite movie or series. You should also dress
appropriately and look presentable (with or without makeup). You can wear
costumes and props that resemble the characters from the original movie.
7. Once you are done and satisfied with your reel, click on the "next" button to
share them on your Facebook profile with the public or friends only.
8. You can start posting your reel on Friday night (April 19, 2024), and
the facilitators will monitor each student’s reel and progress (views) until
Sunday at 12:00 o’clock in the afternoon.
9. Put #ED4A#BSEDEnglish3A on your caption and attach proper credits to
avoid copyright infringement.
10. You are not allowed to mention your Facebook friends or to share
reel via Messenger and timeline.
11. Your Facebook Reels will be graded using the rubrics below:
Creativity------------35%
Content--------------35%
Views----------------30%
12.Three students will receive a surprise gift with the most outstanding reel
from the facilitators.

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 ASSESS

TRUE OR FALSE

Write T if the statement is true and F if otherwise.

1. Hobbs and Frost (1994) mentioned three approaches to teaching

media literacy that would utilize media in pedagogical practice.
2. Social Media News Websites depicts ability to upload a personal
profile that usually connects with other people.
3. Media have social and political implications.
4. Social Media Review Websites shows how social media reviews can
make a break a company or an organization, such as Amazon and
eBay.
5. Media serve as a good source of entertainment.
6. Some media contents are not suitable for children.
7. MIL or Media Intellectual Literacy is a combination of knowledge,
attitudes, skills, and practices.
8. Media literacy plays a crucial role in today's society by empowering
individuals to think critically, discern the credibility of media
messages, and appreciate diverse perspectives.
9. Media literacy encompasses understanding modern technology and
software but does not include exploring the internet.
10. Resource literacy is the knowledge and skills to find resources
efficiently.

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