Paper 1 Grade 11 Topic: Work, Power and Energy

1. An object of mass m1 has a kinetic energy K1. Another object of mass m2 has a kinetic energy K2. If the
K1
K
momentum of both objects is the same, the ratio 2 is equal to

m2 m1
A. m1 . B. m2 .

m2 m1
m1 m2
C. . D. .

2. A rocket is fired vertically. At its highest point, it explodes. Which one of the following describes what
happens to its total momentum and total kinetic energy as a result of the explosion?

Total momentum Total kinetic energy

A. unchanged increased

B. unchanged unchanged

C. increased increased

D. increased unchanged

3. The graph below shows the variation with displacement d of the force F applied by a spring on a cart.

3
F/N
2

0
0 1 2 3
d / 1 0 –2 m

The work done by the force in moving the cart through a distance of 2 cm is
–2 –2 –2 –2
A. 10 × 10 J. B. 7 × 10 J. C. 5 × 10 J. D. 2.5 × 10 J.

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7. Which of the following quantities are conserved in an inelastic collision between two bodies?

Total linear momentum of the bodies Total kinetic energy of the bodies

A. yes yes

B. yes no

C. no yes

D. no no

8. The diagram below shows the variation with displacement x of the force F acting on an object in the
direction of the displacement.

Q
S
P

0 W V T
0 x1 x2 x

Which area represents the work done by the force when the displacement changes from x1 to x2?

A. QRS B. WPRT C. WPQV D. VQRT

9. An engine takes in an amount E of thermal energy and, as a result, does an amount W of useful work. An
amount H of thermal energy is ejected. The law of conservation of energy and the efficiency of the
engine are given by which of the following?

Law of conservation of energy Efficiency

A. E=W+H W

W
B. E=W+H
E
W
C. E+H=W
H
W
D. E+H=W
E–H

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15. An astronaut in outer space is holding a hammer and drifting at constant velocity. The astronaut throws
the hammer in the opposite direction to that in which she is drifting. What change, if any, occurs in the
total kinetic energy and the total momentum of the astronaut and hammer?

Total kinetic energy Total momentum

A. unchanged increased
B. unchanged unchanged
C. increased increased
D. increased unchanged

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16. An electric train develops a power of 1.0 MW when travelling at a constant speed of 50 ms . The net
resistive force acting on the train is

A. 50 MN. B. 200 kN. C. 20 kN. D. 200 N.

17. A stone of mass m is attached to a string and moves round in a horizontal circle of radius R at constant
speed V. The work done by the pull of the string on the stone in one complete revolution is

2 πmV 2 2 πmV
2 R . R .
A. zero. B. 2πmV . C. D.

21. The variation with time of the vertical speed of a ball falling in air is shown below.

S p eed

0
0 T tim e

During the time from 0 to T, the ball gains kinetic energy and loses gravitational potential energy ΔEp.
Which of the following statements is true?

A. ΔEp is equal to the gain in kinetic energy.

B. ΔEp is greater than the gain in kinetic energy.

C. ΔEp is equal to the work done against air resistance.

D. ΔEp is less than the work done against air resistance.

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22. A ball of mass 2.0 kg falls vertically and hits the ground with speed 7.0 ms as shown below.

7 .0 m s – 1

3 .0 m s – 1

before after
–1
The ball leaves the ground with a vertical speed 3.0 ms .

The magnitude of the change in momentum of the ball is

A. zero. B. 8.0 Ns. C. 10 Ns. D. 20 Ns.

23. Which of the following quantities are conserved in an inelastic collision in an isolated system of two
objects?

Linear momentum of system Kinetic energy of system

A. Yes Yes

B. Yes No

C. No Yes

D. No No

25. Which of the following involves a change in the total energy of the objects?

A. Some ice and water as the ice melts at constant temperature.

B. An electron accelerated by a magnetic field.

C. A satellite in a circular orbit round the Earth.

D. A stone falling in a vacuum towards the Earth’s surface.

29. A stone on a string is moving in a circle as shown below.

x– d irectio n

P y– d irectio n

Q v

At point P, the stone of mass m has speed v in the y-direction. A quarter of a revolution later, the stone at
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 point Q has speed v in the x-direction.

What is the change, in the y-direction only, of the magnitude of the momentum of the stone?

A. zero B. mv C. 2 mv D. 2mv

33. Two spheres X and Y are moving towards each other along the same straight line with momenta of
magnitude PX and PY respectively. The spheres collide and move off with momenta pX and pY
respectively, as illustrated below.

Px PY px pY

X Y X Y

B efo re co llisio n A fter co llisio n

Which one of the following is a correct statement of the law of conservation of momentum for this
collision?

A. PX + PY = pX + pY B. PX – PY = pX + pY

C. PX – PY = pX – pY D. PX + PY = pX – pY

34. The point of action of a constant force F is displaced a distance d. The angle between the force and the
direction of the displacement is θ, as shown below.

Which one of the following is the correct expression for the work done by the force?

A. Fd B. Fd sin θ C. Fd cos θ D. Fd tan θ

35. Which one of the following is a true statement about energy?

A. Energy is destroyed due to frictional forces.

B. Energy is a measure of the ability to do work.

C. More energy is available when there is a larger power.

D. Energy and power both measure the same quantity.

38. An amount Q of energy is supplied to a machine. The machine does useful work W and an amount R of
energy is wasted, as illustrated below.

en erg y su p p lied Q u sefu l w o rk W

m ach in e

w asted en erg y R
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 Which one of the following is a correct expression for the efficiency of the machine?

W R W R W R
A. Q B. Q C. Q D. Q

m
41. A body of mass m and speed v has kinetic energy EK. A second body of mass 2 moves at speed 2v. The
kinetic energy of this second body is

EK
A. 2 . B. EK. C. 2EK. D. 4EK.

42. The momentum of a system is conserved if

A. no external forces act on the system.

B. no friction forces act within the system.

C. no kinetic energy is lost or gained by the system.

D. the forces acting on the system are in equilibrium.

A box of mass m is moved horizontally against a constant frictional force f through a distance s at
43.
constant speed v. The work done on the box is

1
A. 0. B. mgs. C. 2 mv2. D. fs.

44. An electric motor, with an input power of 250 W, produces 200 W of mechanical power. The efficiency
of the motor is

A. 20%. B. 25%. C. 55%. D. 80%.

48. A small ball P moves with speed v towards another identical ball Q along a line joining the centres of the
two balls. Ball Q is at rest. Kinetic energy is conserved in the collision.
v

P Q at rest

Which one of the following situations is a possible outcome of the collision between the balls?

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 A. v v B. v
v=0

P Q P Q

C. v 3v D. v v
4 4 2 2
P Q P Q

49. The graph below shows the variation with displacement d of the force F acting on a particle.

r
0 d
0 d m ax

The area that represents the work done by the force between d = 0 and d = dmax is

A. s − r. B. r. C. s. D. s + r.

50. A spring is compressed by a force F.

For a compression e, the force F is given by F = ke. When the compression force is removed, the spring
returns to its original length in time t. The best estimate for the power developed by the spring during its
expansion is

ke ke ke 2 ke 3
. . . .
A. 2t B. t C. 2t D. t

52. A force stretches a wire that is fixed at one end. The value of this force increases from zero to a
maximum value and then returns to zero. The graph below shows the variation with force F of the
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 extension x of the wire.

a re a R

a re a Q

a re a P
0
0 F

Which area, or areas, represents the net work done on the wire by the force?

A. Area P B. Area Q C. Area R D. Area Q and area R

53. The output power of an electric motor is determined using the arrangement shown below.

m o to r

w h eel

b elt

W1

W2

The belt has weights W1 and W2 attached to its ends. The wheel has circumference S. When the wheel is
rotating at R revolutions per second, the belt is stationary.

Which one of the following is a correct expression for the output power of the motor?

A. W1  SR B. W2  SR

C. (W2 − W1)  SR D. (W2 + W1)  SR

55. Forces of magnitude F1 and F2 act tangentially on the edge of a wheel of circumference S. The wheel is
made to complete one revolution about its centre, in the direction shown below.

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 F 1 F2

Which one of the following is a correct expression for the work done on the wheel?

A. F1  S B. F2  S C. (F2 − F1)  S D. (F2 + F1)  S

57. A body moving along a straight-line has mass 3.0 kg and kinetic energy 24 J. The motion is then opposed
by a net force of 4.0 N. The body will come to rest after travelling a distance of

A. 2.0 m. B. 6.0 m. C. 8.0 m. D. 12 m.

58. Two objects collide inelastically. For this system of two objects

A. only momentum is conserved.

B. only kinetic energy is conserved.

C. both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.

D. neither momentum nor kinetic energy are conserved.

59. An object of weight 50 N is dragged up an inclined plane at constant speed, through a vertical height of
12 m. The total work done is 1500 J.

The work done against friction is

A. 2100 J. B. 1500 J. C. 900 J. D. 50 J.

64. A machine lifts an object of weight W at constant speed through a vertical distance h. The efficiency of
the machine is 25. The total input energy to the machine is

A. 0.25Wh. B. 0.75Wh. C. 2.5Wh. D. 4.0Wh.

65. The graph below shows the variation with displacement x of the force F acting on an object. The force F
always acts in the same direction as the displacement.

Q
FQ

0 xQ x
0

At point Q, the displacement is xQ and the force is FQ.

Which of the following gives the work done by the force on the body as the displacement increases from
zero to xQ and then returns to zero?

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 1
FQ x Q
A. Zero B. 2
C. FQ xQ D. 2FQ xQ

66. Water flows out from a tank down a pipe, as shown below.

tan k

w ater
w ater flo w
p ip e

The pipe is always full of water.

Which of the following gives the change in the kinetic energy and in the gravitational potential energy of
the water as the water flows down the pipe?

kinetic energy gravitational potential energy

A. constant decreases

B. constant increases

C. increases decreases

D. increases increases

67. Engine X is stated to be more powerful than engine Y.

Which of the following is the correct comparison of the engines?

A. Engine X produces a larger force than engine Y.

B. Engine X produces more useful energy than engine Y.

C. Engine X produces more useful energy per unit time than engine Y.

D. Engine X produces more power for a longer time than engine Y.

71. An elevator (lift) of mass m is raised vertically with constant speed v for a time t. The work done on the
elevator during this time is

mgv mgt
. .
A. mgv. B. mgvt. C. t D. v

72. A force of magnitude F1 accelerates a body of mass m from rest to a speed v. A force of magnitude F2
accelerates a body of mass 2m from rest to a speed 2v.

work done by F2
is
The ratio
work done by F1

A. 2. B. 4. C. 8. D. 16.

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74. A force of magnitude F1 accelerates a body of mass m from rest to a speed v. A force of magnitude F2
accelerates a body of mass 2m from rest to a speed 2v.

work done by F2
is
The ratio
work done by F1

A. 2. B. 4. C. 8. D. 16.

76. A rocket is fired vertically into the air. When the rocket reaches its maximum height, the rocket explodes.

What change, if any, occurs in the momentum and in the kinetic energy of the rocket during the
explosion?

momentum kinetic energy

A. increases increases
B. increases constant
C. constant increases
D. constant constant

77. A box of weight W is moved at constant velocity v along a horizontal floor. There is a constant frictional
force F between the box and the floor.

What is the power required to move the box through a distance s?

A. Fs B. Fv C. Ws D. Wv

83. An electric motor has an input power of 160W. In raising a load, 120W of power is dissipated. The best
estimate for the efficiency of the motor is

A. 25%. B. 33%. C. 57%. D. 75%.

84. An object of mass m falls from rest in a vacuum. As the object falls it loses an amount E of gravitational
potential energy. The speed of the object is then

2E m 2E m
A. m . B. 2E . C. m . D. 2E .

85. An electric motor has an input power of 160W. In raising a load, 120W of power is dissipated. The best
estimate for the efficiency of the motor is

A. 25%. B. 33%. C. 57%. D. 75%.

1. A brother and sister take the same time to run up a set of steps. The sister has a greater mass than her
brother. Which of the following is correct?

Has done the most work Has developed the greatest power
A. brother brother
B. brother sister
C. sister brother
D. sister sister

2. A nuclear power station produces 10 GW of electrical power. The power generated by the nuclear
reactions in the core of the reactor is 25 GW. The efficiency of the power station is
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 A. 15 %. B. 35 %. C. 40 %. D. 60 %.

4. A particle of mass m is moving with constant speed v in uniform circular motion. What is the total work
done by the centripetal force during one revolution?

mv 2
2 2 2
A. Zero B. C. mv D. 2πmv

5. Which of the following is equivalent to the principle of energy conservation?

A. Newton’s first law B. The first law of thermodynamics

C. Newton’s second law D. The second law of thermodynamics

7. The graph shows the variation with force F of the extension s of a spring.

The work done in changing the extension of the spring from 3.0 cm to 6.0 cm is

A. 15 N cm. B. 30 N cm. C. 45 N cm. D. 60 N cm.

10. Two objects undergo an inelastic collision. Which of the following is correct in respect of both the
conservation of momentum and the conservation of total energy of the system?

Momentum Total energy

A. conserved not conserved
B. conserved conserved
C. not conserved not conserved
D. not conserved conserved

12. Which of the following is a correct definition of work?

A. Product of force and distance

B. Product of force and distance moved in the direction of the force

C. Product of power and time

D. Product of force and displacement

14. A ball is thrown vertically upwards and comes down again. Air resistance is negligible. Which of the
following graphs shows how the gravitational potential energy EP varies with time t?

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15. A pump extracts water from a well of depth h at a constant rate of R kg s . What is the power required to
raise the water?

R Rg hg
A. gh B. Rgh C. h D. R

19. A railway engine of mass m moves along a horizontal track with uniform speed v. The total resistive
force acting on the engine is F.

Which of the following is the power of the engine?

F mv v
A. mv B. Fv C. F D. F

23. A lift (elevator) is operated by an electric motor. It moves between the 10th floor and the 2nd floor at a
constant speed. One main energy transformation during this journey is

A. gravitational potential energy → kinetic energy.

B. electrical energy → kinetic energy.

C. kinetic energy → thermal energy.

D. electrical energy → thermal energy.

26. A constant force acts on a mass that is initially at rest. Which of the following graphs best shows how the
kinetic energy EK of the mass changes with the work W done on the mass? Friction is negligible.

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29. For a particle moving at constant speed in a horizontal circle, the work done by the centripetal force is

A. zero.

B. directly proportional to the particle mass.

C. directly proportional to the particle speed.

2
D. directly proportional to the (particle speed) .

30. A vehicle is driven up a hill at constant speed. Which of the following best describes the energy changes
involved?

A. Chemical energy is converted into gravitational potential energy.

B. Chemical energy is converted into gravitational potential energy, sound and thermal energy.

C. Gravitational potential energy is converted into chemical energy.

D. Gravitational potential energy is converted into chemical energy, sound and thermal energy.

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