Section A [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section

1. The dimensions for power is

A MLT-1 B MLT-2 C ML2T-2 D ML2T-3

2. The diagram below shows how the resultant force F acting on a body initially at rest
changes with time t .

0 t1 t2 t

Which of the graphs below shows the change in velocity v of the body with time t ?
v v

0 t1 t2 t 0 t1 t2 t
A B

v v

0 t1 t2 t 0 t1 t2 t
C D

3. A ball is thrown horizontally with a speed of 12 m s-1 from the top of a high building.
The ball takes 5 seconds to reach the ground. What is the horizontal distance
travelled by the ball ?
A 20 m B 32 m C 48 m D 60 m

2
4. The diagram below shows a block of mass m in contact with the ground and is
connected to another block of mass 3m by a string through a smooth pulley.

3m

h
m

If the block of mass m is released, what will be the speed of the block of mass 3m just
before it hits the ground?

2gh
A B gh C 2 gh D 6 gh
3

5. Which situation will not happen based on Newton’s first law of motion ?
A A force is required to change the state of motion of an object
B When a push is removed from a moving object, the object stop moving
C When an object is at rest, the nett force acting on an object is equal to zero
D When an object moves with a constant velocity, the nett force acting on an
object is equal to zero.

6. A car of mass 950 kg accelerates uniformly from rest to a velocity of 30 m s-1 , in

10 s. What is the instantaneous power for this acceleration at the velocity 30 m s-1 ?

A 2.9 Kw B 28.5 Kw C 42.8 Kw D 85.5 Kw

3
7. A car moves with uniform acceleration from rest. Which graph shows the variation of
power P of the car with velocity v ?

P P

0 v 0 v
A B

P P

0 v 0 v
C D

8. A remote control toy car moves in vertical circle at a constant speed. Which is true
abaut the linear and angular velocities of a toy car ?
Linear velocity Anggular velocity
A Changes Constant
B Constant Constant
C Changes Changes
D Constant Changes

9. The acceleration due to gravity at a point P in the gravitational field of a planet is

A the ratio of the escape velocity to the radius of the planet
B the work done in bringing a unit mass from infinity to P
C the change in gravitational potential per unit distance at P from the centre of the
planet.
D the change in gravitational potential energy per unit distance at P from the centre
of the planet.

4
10. A spaceship travels from the Earth’s surface to the Moon’s surface. If the distance
between the Earth’s surface and Moon’s surface is R, which of the following graphs
represents the magnitude of the gravitational force F on the spaceship from the Earth
to the Moon ?

F F

0 R distance 0 R distance
A B

F F

0 R distance 0 R distance
D
C

11. Which of the following best shows the stiffness of a solid?

A Young’s modulus
B Elastic limit
C Deformation point
D Stress strength

5
12. Two steel wires P and Q were suspended from the ceiling with each wire being
stretched by a weight W. If the original length of wire P and Q are 2l and l
respectively, and both wires have the same extension, what is the ratio
diameter of wire P
?
diameter of wire Q

1
A B 1 C 2 D 2
2

13. The graph below shows the change in pressure p with density ρ of an ideal gas at
temperature T and 300 K.

T
P / Pa

1.5 x 105 300 K

0
2.00 2.80  / kg m-3

What is the temperature T ?

A 214 K B 254 K C 355 K D 420 K

14. The molar heat capacity of an ideal gas at constant pressure is larger than its molar
heat capacity at constant volume because

A work done against the intermolecular forces when the gas expands.
B work done against the external pressure when the gas expands.
C when the molecules are far apart, less collisions occurs and its difficult for the gas
to increase its temperature.
D moleculs are able to move faster when heat is supplied at constant pressure
compared to when heat is supplied at constant volume

6
15. The diagram below shows changes in the state of an ideal gas from state A to state C
through two paths ABC or ADC. If the changes takes place through path ABC, the
heat absorbed is 70 J and work done by the gas is 30 J.

P
D C

A B

How much heat is exchanged if 40 J of work is done by the gas when the changes
occurs through the path ADC?

A No heat is absorbed or dissipated

B 50 J of heat is absorbed by the gas
C 50 J of heat is dissipited by the gas
D 80 J of heat is absorbed by the gas

7
 Section B [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section

16. Ronaldo kick a ball and the ball moves with an initial velocity with initial velocity of
25 ms-1 at the angle of 35o to the horizontal. The ball reaches maximum height before
landing on a hillside as shown in the diagram below.

25ms-1

8.6 m
o
35

By neglecting air resistant, determine

a) the horizontal distance , x [ 3 marks ]

b) the time of flight of the ball [ 1 mark ]

c) the speed of the ball during the impact [ 4 marks ]

17. An object of mass 4.0 kg is whirled around in a vertical circle of radius 2.0 m at a
speed of 5.0 m s-1 .
(a) Explain what is meant by centripetal acceleration ? [ 1 mark ]

8
(b) Sketch a free body diagram when object at the bottom of the circle and when the
object is at the top of the circle. [2 marks]

(c) Calculate the maximum and minimum tension in the string that connect the
object to the centre of the circle. [4 marks]

9
 SECTION C [30 marks]

Answer any two questions

18 (a) (i) State the condition for a particle to be in ‘equilibrium’. [2 marks]

(b) A uniform 6.0 m-long boom has a mass of 55 kg. It is kept in position by a restraining
cable attached three-quarters of the way along the boom.

What is the tension in this cable when the boom supports a 150 kg mass as shown?
[4 marks]

(c) A student uses the following apparatus to determine the mass of a small metal ball
bearing.
• A metre ruler
• A tall pivot and stand
• A 0.2 N weight
• A test tube, into which the ball bearing can be placed

The apparatus is set up as shown.

(i) The ruler is adjusted until it is balanced at its centre of gravity.

State what is meant by ‘centre of gravity’. [1 mark]

(ii) The length L at balance is found to be 49.6 cm. With the ruler at balance the

10
 0.2 N weight is suspended 4.0 cm from the left hand end and the empty test tube
is suspended a distance of 38.4 cm from the pivot so as to keep the ruler
balanced. This is shown below.

The ball bearing is placed inside the test tube and the above procedure is
repeated, keeping the 0.2 N weight a distance of 4.0 cm from the left hand end.
The ruler is again balanced, this time with the test tube containing the ball
bearing suspended a distance of 24.5 cm from the pivot.

Show, in clear steps, that the mass of the ball bearing is approximately 14 grams.
[4 marks]

(iii) The student measures the diameter of the ball bearing to be 1.50 cm. Use this
information and the information in the table to determine the material of the ball
bearing. Justify your answer. [4 marks]

Material Density / kg m-3

Aluminium 2800
Iron 7950
Copper 8900
Lead 11300

11
19 (a) State the component of energy in a real gas, and explain the origin of each
component of energy in it. [3 marks]

(b) For a certain gas X, the equation of state for n moles of the gas is given by
P (V – nb) = nRT
where b = 3.0 × 10-5 m3 mol-1.

(i) What is the physical significance of the constant b? [1 mark]

(ii) According to the equation, what can you say about the attractive and repulsive
intermolecular forces among the gas molecules? [2 marks]

An insulated container is divided into two equal compartments, A and B, by a thin

partition. In compartment A, there is 1 mole of gas X at 350 K and 5.0 × 105 Pa. In
compartment B, there are 2 moles of gas X at 300 K.
Given that the universal gas constant R = 8.31 J mol-1 K-1, use the equation of state
for gas X to find

(iii) the volume of compartment A; [2 marks]

(iv) the pressure of the gas in compartment B. [2 marks]

When the partition is removed, assuming the total kinetic energy of the gas
molecules remains unchanged, estimate

(v) the final temperature of the gas; [3 marks]

(vi) the final pressure of the gas. [2 marks]

12
20 (a) When a body heated by radiation, then the rate of heating depends on several
factors.
What are those factors? [3 marks]

(b) Solar constant, S is defined as average intensity of solar radiation incident on the
Earth surface. Its value is 1.35 kW m-2. Nearly 68% of this energy is absorbed by the
Earth. The average temperature of Earth is about 290 K. Earth-Sun average distance
is r = 1.5 × 108 km. Assume Sun to be a black body.

(i) Estimate the effective emissivity of Earth; [2 marks]

(ii) Find the power of the Sun; [2 marks]
(iii) Estimate the surface temperature of the Sun. [2 marks]

(c) Heat received by the Earth due to solar radiations is 1.35 kW m–2. It is also known
that the temperature of the Earth’s crust increases 1 °C for every 30 m of depth. The
average thermal conductivity of the Earth’s crust is k = 0.75 W m-1 K–1.

(i) Calculate rate of heat loss by the Earth’s core due to conduction; [2 marks]
(ii) Assuming that the Earth is a perfect black body, estimate the temperature of its
surface. [4 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

13

Acceleration of free fall
Avogadro constant
Boltzmann constant
Gravitational constant
Magnitude of electronic charge
Mass of the Earth
Mass of the Sun
Molar gas constant
Permeability of free space
Permittivity of free space
Planck constant
Radius of the Earth
Radius of the Sun
Rest mass of electron
Rest mass of proton
Speed of light in free space
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
Unified atomic mass unit
Values of Constants
(Nilai Pemalar)
(Pecutan jatuh bebas)
(Pemalar Avogadro)
(Pemalar Boltzmann)
(Pemalar graviti)
(Magnitud cas elektron)
(Jisim Bumi)
(Jisim Matahari)
(Pemalar gas molar)
(Ketelapan ruang bebas)
(Ketelusan ruang bebas)
(Pemalar Planck)
(Jejari Bumi)
(Jejari Matahari)
(Jisim rehat electron)
(Jisim rehat proton)
(Laju cahaya dalam ruang bebas)
(Pemalar Stefan-Boltzman)
(Unit jisim atom bersatu)
14
g = 9.81 m s-2
NA = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1
k, kB = 1.38 x 10-23 J K-1
G = 6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg-2
e = 1.60 x 10-19 C
ME = 5.97 x 1024 kg
MS = 1.99 x 1030 kg
R = 8.31 J K-1 mol-1
μo = 4π x 10-7 H m-1
εo = 8.85 x 10-12 F m-1
1
≈ x 10-9 F m-1
36𝜋
h = 6.63 x 10-34 J s
RE = 6.38 x 106 m
RS = 6.96 x 108 m
me = 9.11 x 10-31 kg
mp = 1.67 x 10-27 kg
c = 3.00 x 108 m s-1
σ = 5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 K-4
u = 1.66 x 10-27 kg