GROUP 7

VIETNAM

The Vietnam People’s Public Security, also known as the People’s Public
Security Forces (Vietnamese: Lực lượng Công an Nhân dân - CAND), plays a
crucial role in maintaining law and order in Vietnam.

EMBLEM AND COLORS:

The emblem of the Vietnam People’s Public Security features a combination of
colors:

 Yellow: Symbolizes the loyalty and determination of the police force.

 Red: Represents courage, revolution, and sacrifice.
 Green: Signifies hope, growth, and stability.

ROLE:
The People’s Public Security Forces plays a core role in protecting national security
and ensuring social order and safety. In addition, the Forces is responsible in
fighting crime and law violation related to national security and social order and
safety.

This force is the biggest of the three, manpower-wise, and deals directly with the
population in various administrative levels structured in a “ward-district-city”
hierarchy system with the ward-level being the lowest and the most easily-accessible
precinct for residents and the district and city-level precincts for more complicated
cases within their respective jurisdictions.

FUNCTIONS:
The People’s Public Security Forces are responsible for:

 advising the Party and State on national security, social order, control of
crime and law violation;
 state management of national security, social order and safety, control of
crime and law violation;
 fighting plots and activities of hostile forces, crimes and violations against
national security, social order and safety.

HISTORY:
 During the revolutionary movement of 1930-1931 with its height of the
Nghe-Tinh Soviet uprising.
 During the period of the national liberation mobilization in the period 1939-
1945, the Party had a policy to develop self-defense activities in various ways
and forms based on armed and quasi-armed groups.
 On May 15, 1945, the Northern Region Party Committee established the
Group “Anti-traitor”, then renamed the Group “Viet Minh Honor”.
 The August Revolution achieved success in Hanoi on August 19, 1945.

 On February 21, 1946, President Ho Chi Minh signed Decree No. 23/SL to
unify the three forces into “Vietnam People’s Police Department”.
 Public Security Forces in the national resistance war against French
colonialists (1946-1954).
 VPPSF in the national war against America’s invasion (1954-1975)
 Public Security Forces in the country-restoration, construction and protection
(1975 to present).

STRUCTURE OF THE CONSTITUTION:

 The Constitution defines Vietnam as a socialist rule of law State of the people,
by the people, and for the people.
 The Constitution contains a Preamble and 11 Chapters:
I) The Political Regime;
II) Human Rights, Fundamental Rights and Obligations of Citizens;
III) Economy, Social Affairs, Culture, Education, Science, Technology and
Environment;
IV) Defense of the Fatherland;
V) The National Assembly;
VI) The President;
VII) The Government;
VIII) The People's Courts and the People's Procuracies;
IX) Local Administration;
X) The National Election Council, the State Audit Office;
XI) Effectiveness of the Constitution and the amendment to the Constitution.

FORM OF GOVERNMENT:
Vietnam is a unitary state ruled by one party system with a co-ordination among
State bodies in exercising legislative, executive and judicial rights.
 HISTORY OF GOVERNMENT:
 From 1959 to 1980, based on the 1959 Constitution, the executive branch
was named as the Council of Government (Hội đồng Chính phủ). The Council
of Government was headed by the prime minister.
 From 1980 to 1992, based on the 1980 Constitution, the executive branch
was called the Council of Ministers (Hội đồng Bộ trưởng). The Council of
Ministers was headed by the chairman (equivalent to the prime minister).
 From 1992 onwards, based on the 1992 Constitution the executive branch
was renamed as the Government (Chính phủ). The Government is headed by
the prime minister.
*Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính

LEGAL SYSTEM:
 Civil Law System. The civil code of 2005 reflects a European-style civil law.
International law organization participation: Vietnam has not submitted an
ICJ jurisdiction declaration. It is a non-party state to the International Criminal
Court.

POLITICAL HIERARCHY SYSTEM:

 CRIME ISSUE:
 Vietnam has a relatively low crime rate and Vietnamese are generally a very
law-abiding people. Violent crime is uncommon but petty crime occurs.
There is some theft in the big cities. There is also some banditry, illegal drug
activity and insurgent activity in some areas in the countryside. Foreigners are
generally not victimized by violent crime. If they are and the criminals are
caught they are dealt with harshly. Police and other authorities generally do
not hassle foreigners to much or shake them down for bribes.

CRIME RATE:
 The crime rate in Vietnam is among the lowest in Southeast Asia which itself
is known for having a low crime rate. Prostitution and drug abuse are
common in Vietnam.
 Thieves are active in Ho Chi Minh City. Tourists and foreigners are generally
not affected by crime in Vietnam.
 The punishments for criminals that involve or target foreigners can be quite
severe.
KINDS OF POLICE UNIFORMS:
Public Security Force officers, who wear a distinct pine-green uniform which
includes a green and red cap.

They are also the most intimidating-looking force with their all-black uniforms,
CSCD helmets, bullet-proof body amour, riot shields and ubiquitous assault
rifles.

Whether you’re riding a bike whizzing around a busy roundabout or sitting

comfortably in a taxi with bikes darting past you, you may have noticed an officer
or two in tan uniforms wearing similarly colored helmets labelled ‘CGST’
directing the flow of traffic.
The less common forces which you may also encounter are youth volunteers, who
are dressed in dark green uniforms with green ball caps and who generally
aid in marshalling duties for vehicular and human traffic.

POLICE ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM:

“Article 17. Organizational system of the People’s Public Security Force
1. The organizational system of the People’s Public Security Force shall be
composed of:
a) The Ministry of Public Security;
b) The Departments of Public Security of provinces and centrally run cities;
c) The Public Security Divisions of rural districts, urban districts, towns or
provincial cities;
d) The Public Security Offices of communes, wards or townships.
2. The Government shall elaborate on the building of the regular Public Security
forces of communes or townships.
3. In order to meet requirements concerning protection of national security,
maintenance of social order and safety, the Minister of Public Security shall
decide to establish Public Security posts, stations and independent units located
in necessary areas.”

RANK SYSTEM:
“Article 21. System of ranks and grades of officers, non-commissioned officers
and conscripts of the People’s Public Security Force
1. Operation officers and non-commissioned officers:
a) General officers subdivided into 04 grades:
 General;
 Senior Lieutenant General;
 Lieutenant General;
 Major General;
b) Field officers subdivided into 04 grades:
Colonel;
 Senior Lieutenant Colonel;
 Lieutenant Colonel;
 Major;
c) Company officers subdivided into 04 grades:
Captain;
 Senior Lieutenant Captain;
 Lieutenant;
 Second Lieutenant;
d) Non-commissioned officers subdivided into 03 grades:
 Sergeant major;
 Sergeant;
 Corporal.
2. Technical officers and non-commissioned officers:
a) Field officers subdivided into 03 grades:
 Senior Lieutenant Colonel;
 Lieutenant Colonel;
 Major;
b) Company officers subdivided into 04 grades:
 Captain;
 Senior Lieutenant Captain;
 Lieutenant;
 Second Lieutenant;
c) Non-commissioned officers subdivided into 03 grades:
 Sergeant major;
 Sergeant;
 Corporal.
3. Enlisted non-commissioned officers and members:
a) Enlisted non-commissioned officers subdivided into 03 grades:
 Sergeant major;
 Sergeant;
 Corporal;
b) Conscripts subdivided into 02 grades:
 First-class private;
 Private."

POLICE RANK INSIGNIA:
 RECRUITMENT PROCESS:
Step 1. Develop a recruitment plan
Step 2. Announce the recruitment and receive applications
Step 3. Establish the recruitment council and organize entrance examinations or
admissions
Step 4. Announce recruitment results
Step 5. Decide on temporary recruitment and recruitment of citizens to the
People's Police
Step 6. Announce the decision on temporary recruitment and recruitment of
citizens to the People's Police

CRITERIA:
The recruitment criteria include:
+ Age: Candidates are not older than 30 years old.
+ Health
++ Good health, no deformities, social diseases;
++ Height: For men from 1m64 and above; for women from 1m58 and above;
+ Vision: Vision without glasses per eye reaches 9-10/10, total vision of 02 eyes
reaches from 18-20/10.
+ Qualification requirements: Candidates have good academic results or higher
majoring in IT or equivalent; understand artificial intelligence (basic or advanced).
Candidates achieving prizes when participating in domestic or foreign
competitions (provincial level or higher) or of prestigious organizations
(individuals or teammates) related to research on IT and mathematics; security,
information security, software, network systems, databases, or candidates with
international certificates related to IT majors shall be prioritized.

RETIREMENT AGE:
From August 15, 2023 through December 31, 2023, the permissible maximum
age limit for male police officers in Vietnam is 60 years and 9 months. From
January 1, 2024, every year, there will be a 3-month increase until they reach the
age of 62 in 2028 as follows:
From January 1, 2024, every year, there will be a 4-month increase until they
reach the age of 60 in 2035 as follows:

CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES:
 Chí Hòa Prison (Vietnamese: Khám Chí Hòa or Nhà Tù Chí Hòa)
Originally built by the French Indochina colonial government in 1943 (or 1939)
to replace the Saigon Grand Prison, the prison was extensively used by all
succeeding governments of Vietnam.

MUSEUMS:
 Hỏa Lò Prison (Hanoi Hilton)
 Côn Đảo Prison
 Phú Quốc Prison
 Sơn La Prison
 Hoa Lo Prison (Thanh Hóa)
 SALARY:

VND 207,407,950
(469,364.19 Philippine
Peso)
Average Salary

VND 99,715/hr
(225.66 Philippine Peso)
Average Hourly

VND 4,791,124
(10,842.31 Philippine Peso)
Average Bonus