ESS 3400 Heat Transfer

Homework #3-2
Due: April 11th, 2024

3.62. A spherical shell of inner and outer radii ri and ro, respectively, is filled with a heat-generating material that provides
for a uniform volumetric generation rate (W/m3) of 𝑞̇ . The outer surface of the shell is exposed to a fluid having a
temperature T∞ and a convection coefficient h. Obtain an expression for the steady-state temperature distribution T(r) in
the shell, expressing your result in terms of ri, ro, 𝑞̇ , h, T∞, and the thermal conductivity k of the shell material.
3.88. Radioactive wastes (krw = 20 W/m • K) are stored in a spherical, stainless steel (kss = 15 W/m • K) container of
inner and outer radii equal to ri = 0.5 m and ro = 0.6 m. Heat is generated volumetrically within the wastes at a uniform
rate of 𝑞̇ = 103 W/m3, and the outer surface of the container is exposed to a water how for which h = 1000 W/m2 • K
and T∞ = 25°C.
(a) Evaluate the steady-state outer surface temperature, Ts,o.
(b) Evaluate the steady-state inner surface temperature, Ts,i.
(c) Obtain an expression for the temperature distribution, T(r), in the radioactive wastes. Express your result in terms
of ri, Ts,i, krw, and 𝑞̇ . Evaluate the temperature at r = 0.
3.107. The extent to which the tip condition affects the thermal performance of a fin depends on the fin geometry and
thermal conductivity, as well as the convection coefficient. Consider an alloyed aluminum (k = 180 W/m • K) rectangular
fin of length L = 10 mm, thickness t = 1 mm, and width w ≫ t. The base temperature of the fin is Tb = 100°C, and the
fin is exposed to a fluid of temperature T∞ = 25°C.
(a) Assuming a uniform convection coefficient of h = 100 W/m . K over the entire fin surface, determine the fin heat
transfer rate per unit width 𝑞𝑓, , efficiency 𝜂𝑓 effectiveness 𝜀𝑓 thermal resistance per unit width 𝑅𝑡,𝑓 ,
, and the tip
temperature T(L) for Cases A and B of Table 3.4. Contrast your results with those based on an infinite fin approximation.
3.127. Annular aluminum fins of rectangular profile are attached to a circular tube having an outside diameter of 50 mm
and an outer surface temperature of 200°C. The fins are 4 mm thick and 15 mm long. The system is in ambient air at a
temperature of 20°C, and the surface convection coefficient is 40 W/m2 • K.
(a) What are the fin efficiency and effectiveness?
(b) If there are 125 such fins per meter of tube length, what is the rate of heat transfer per unit length of tube?

Hint: use Figure 3.20 to determine Fin Efficiency