Question 5.

28

𝑅𝑦 + 𝑃1 𝐴1 + 𝑃2 𝐴2 = 𝜌1 𝑉1 (−𝑉1 𝐴1) + 𝜌2 (−𝑉2 )(𝑉2 𝐴2)

= -𝑚̇1 (𝑉1) - 𝑚̇2 𝑉2

= -𝑚̇ (𝑉1 + 𝑉2 )

𝑅𝑦 = - 𝑚1 (𝑉1 + 𝑉2 ) −𝑃1 𝐴1 −𝑃2 𝐴2

𝑚̇ = 𝜌𝑉𝐴

= (1000)(15)(9x10-3)

= 135 kg/s

𝑅𝑦 = - 𝑚1 (𝑉1 + 𝑉2 ) −𝑃1 𝐴1 −𝑃2 𝐴2

= - (135)(15 +15) – (210 000 x 9x10-3) – (165 000 x 9x10-3)

= - 4050 - 1890 – 1485

= - 7425 N
Question 5.38

𝐴1 = 𝜋𝑟1 2

0.08 2
= 𝜋( )
2

= 5.027x10-3 𝑚2

𝐴2 = 𝜋𝑟2 2

0.02 2
= 𝜋( 2
)

= 3.14x10-4 𝑚2

𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 1.225 kg/𝑚3

𝑅𝑥 + 𝑃1 𝐴1 - 𝑃2 𝐴2 = 𝜌1 𝑉1 (−𝑉1 𝐴1 ) + 𝜌2 (𝑉2 )(𝑉2 𝐴2)

𝑅𝑥 + 𝑃1 𝐴1 + 𝑃2 𝐴2 = 𝑚2 (𝑉2 ) - 𝑚1 (𝑉1 )

𝑃1 & 𝑃2 = 0

𝑅𝑥 = 𝑚2 (𝑉2 ) - 𝑚1 (𝑉1 )

= 𝜌𝑣 2(𝐴2 - 𝐴1 )

= (1.225)(402 )(-4.713x10−3)

= -9.24 N (Force to the left)

Question 6-22

𝐴1 = 𝜋𝑟1 2

0.1
= 𝜋( 2 )2

=7.85𝑥10−3 𝑚2
𝑚1 = 𝜌1 𝐴1 𝑉1

𝑚1
𝑉1 =𝜌
1 𝐴1

25
= 1000𝑥7.85𝑥10−3

= 3.18 m/s

𝑃1 𝑉1 2 𝑃2 𝑉2 2
+ + 𝑧1 = + + 𝑧2
𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝑔 2𝑔

𝑃1 𝑃 𝑉2 2 𝑉1 2
𝜌𝑔
- 𝜌𝑔2 = 2𝑔
- 2𝑔
+ 𝑧2

𝑉2 2 − 𝑉1 2
𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = pg [ 2𝑔
+ 𝑧2 ]

𝑉2 = 𝑉1

𝑃2 = 0

𝑃1 = pg [ 𝑧2 ]

= (1000)(9.81)(0.35)

= 3433.5 Pa

∑ 𝐹⃗ ̇ ̅ - ∑ 𝛽𝑚𝑉
= ∑𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝛽𝑚𝑉 ̇̅
𝑖𝑛

x-direction

𝑅𝑋 = - 𝛽𝑚̇( 𝑉1 ) - 𝑃1 𝐴1

= -(1.03)(25)(3.18) – (3433.5)( 7.85𝑥10−3)

= -81.885-26.953

= -108.84 N

𝑅𝑦 = 𝛽𝑚̇( 𝑉2 ) + 𝑃2 𝐴2

𝑃2 = 0
𝑅𝑦 = 𝛽𝑚̇( 𝑉2 )

= (1.03)(25)(3.18)

= 81.89 N

Question 6-25

𝐴1 = 0.015 𝑚2

𝐴2 = 2.5x10-3 𝑚2

𝑚1 = 𝜌1 𝐴1 𝑉1

𝑚1
𝑉1 = 𝜌
1 𝐴1

30
= 1000𝑋0.015

= 2 m/s

𝑚2 = 𝜌2 𝐴2 𝑉2

𝑚2
𝑉2 = 𝜌
2 𝐴2

30
= 1000𝑥2.5𝑥10−3

= 12 m/s
𝑃1 𝑉1 2 𝑃2 𝑉2 2
+ + 𝑧1 = + + 𝑧2
𝜌𝑔 2𝑔 𝜌𝑔 2𝑔

𝑃1 𝑃 𝑉2 2 𝑉1 2
𝜌𝑔
- 𝜌𝑔2 = 2𝑔
- 2𝑔
+ 𝑧2

𝑉2 2 − 𝑉1 2
𝑃1 − 𝑃2 = pg [ 2𝑔
+ 𝑧2 ]

(122 − 22 )
𝑃1 – 0 = (1000x9.81)[ + 0.4]
2 𝑥 9.81

= (9810)(7.14 + 0.4)

= (9810)x(7.54)

= 73 967.4 Pa

̇ ̅ - ∑ 𝛽𝑚𝑉
∑ 𝐹⃗ = ∑𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝛽𝑚𝑉 ̇̅
𝑖𝑛

x- direction

𝑅𝑋 + 𝑃1 𝐴1 - 𝑃2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝐴2 = 𝛽𝜌1 𝑉1 (−𝑉1 𝐴1) + 𝛽𝜌2 (𝑉2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)(𝑉2 𝐴2)

𝑃2 = 0

𝑅𝑋 = 𝛽𝑚̇ 2 (𝑉2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃) - 𝛽𝑚̇ 1 𝑉1 - 𝑃1 𝐴1

𝑅𝑋 = 𝛽𝑚̇(𝑉2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 - 𝑉1 ) - 𝑃1 𝐴1

= (1.03)(30)(12cos45 – 2) – (73967.4)(0.015)

=200.395- 1109.511

= -909.116 N
y- direction

𝑅𝑦 + 0 - 𝑃2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝐴2 - 𝑊𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 - 𝑊𝑒𝑙𝑏𝑜𝑤 = 0 + 𝛽 𝜌2 (𝑉2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)(𝑉2 𝐴2 )

𝑃2 = 0

𝑅𝑦 = 𝛽𝑚2 (𝑉2̇ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃) + 𝑊𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 + 𝑊𝑒𝑙𝑏𝑜𝑤

= (1.03)(30)(12)(sin45) + (50)(9.81)

= 262.20 + 490.5

= 752.7 N