CODEL ASSIGNMENT COVER

2023 ACADEMIC YEAR

Student Name Rosemary Silas
Student number 200927825
Email Address rosesilas09@gmail.com
Cell/Tel no 0812153471
CODeL Centre Rundu Centre

Course/Module Name Course/Module

Code
Child Development PSP 3622

Assignment no (e.g. 1,
2 or 3, etc.).
1
Question 1
- Having knowledge and information about the development of children can help future
teachers to understand the uniqueness of learners and the learning process that can help
every learner to be able to learn, understanding similarities and differences of children
will help the teachers to make the necessary adjustment in teaching materials and
teaching methods in-order to help each individual child to learn successfully.
- Understanding the children development can also it helps future teachers to study the
behavior of learners, these help the teachers to know how to handle each learner in the
classroom, these can also help to build good relationship as it can lead to a better
classroom atmosphere and less discipline problems.
- Knowing the development of children can help future teachers to become good
counselors as they will know how to advise, guide and motivate learners to become
competent as they will know and understand in which areas do the children need
guidance.

Question 2

Level 1: Micro System

- This include people that have direct contact with the child in their immediate
environment, these people can be able to influence children’s interaction in micro-system
and they are crucial for fostering and supporting children’s development. E.g., parents,
siblings, teachers etc.

Level 2: Mesosystem

- This is the interaction between the child’s microsystem, it depends on the kind of
interaction the child’s contact in microsystem have with each other, if the interaction is
positive then it will have a positive impact on the child’s development but if the
interaction is negative then it will have a negative impact on the child. e.g., if a child’s
father and mother have a positive interaction with each other it will have a positive
impact on the child’s development but if the parents don’t get along it will have a
negative impact on the child.
Level 3: the exosystem

- This are formal and informal social structures which the child is not in direct contact with
but influence them indirect through their microsystem contacts e.g., neighbors, parent
friends, mass media etc.

Level 4: the macrosystem

- This are how cultural elements affect a child’s development, the culture that individuals
are immersed with may influence their beliefs and perceptions about events that transpire
in life e.g., ethnicity and poverty.

Level 5: Chronosystem

- This are environmental changes that occur over the life time that influence development
of children this include major life changes and historical events such as war, death and
divorce.

Question 3

Question 4

4.1. Covid-19

- Covid-19 affected children’s physical development by slowing down their growth as

when they are sick, they can’t eat and lack of eating will have a direct impact on their
physical growth.
- Covid-19 affected their cognitive development by excluding them from learning these
lead to limitation of brain stimulation that occurs through learning. Brain stimulation
helps with cognitive development.
- When children are infected with covid-19 they are put in isolation, this can have an effect
on their social development by constraining the development of social skills due to lack
of social interaction.
4.2. Insufficient rainfall

- when there’s no rain hunger comes, hunger cause illnesses like malnutrition which can
hinder physical development.
- When a child is hungry, they can’t be able to perceive things happening around them,
because hunger cause lack of concentration, this lack of concentration can cause children
not to think this have an effect in cognitive development because for this development to
occur you have to develop problem skills through thinking.
- Hunger cause lack of energy which can limit children participation in social activities like
sport which can help with social development.

4.3. War and Political Unrest

- During war the water get contaminated with different chemicals emitting from weapons
used during war, contaminated water can cause diseases like cholera which can hinder
physical growth.
- During war children are exposed to many traumatic events that raises the chances of
developing mental health problem, this can affect the child’s cognitive development.
- Mental healthy can lead to children to have anxiety which cause them to isolate
themselves social from their peers. Social isolation can hinder cognitive development.

4.4. Alcohol and Drug use

- Parent who abuses alcohol find it hard to provide food for their children therefore this
will hamper children’s physical development because these children can suffer from
malnutrition.
- Alcohol abuse during pregnancy can cause mental retardant which can negatively affect
the cognitive development.
- Parents who abuse alcohol can abuse their children as a result these children can imitate
the behavior and became abusive towards their peers this can make their peers to avoid
socializing with them which can have a negative effect on cognitive development.
4.5. Child trafficking and Rape

- Trafficked and raped children can cause children to be infected with HIV/AIDS, this
virus can affect their physical development.
- When children are trafficked, they are exposed to drugs which can damage their mental
state, these drugs can affect their cognitive development.
- When children are raped they feel unworthy and they isolate themselves from social
setting, this self-isolation can hinder social development.

Question 5

5.1. Growth- This are the quantitative changes that occurs in one’s body size and structure e.g.,
changes in height and weight

5.2. Development- This are qualitative changes, expression of increased abilities, skills and the
quality of life of a person e.g., improved thinking leading to making better decisions.

5.3. Maturation- The process of completing growth by becoming mature in both psychological
and behavioral.

5.4. Critical period- Also known as the sensitive period refer to the parts of life during which
the development and maturation of the brain take place. (The Postanal stage)

5.5. Attachment- Is an emotional bond between individuals typically seen in relationships

between parents and children.
 References

Mostert, M. L(2004).Child development: University of Namibia study Guide for Distance

education. Windhoek: University of Namibia

www.google.com

www.verywellmind.com