The notion of a number is connected with the act of counting.

So, the natural

numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …… are also called counting numbers. We use ten
symbols or digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 to denote large numbers by
using position of the digits in the given number.

What are integers?

The negative numbers, zero and the natural numbers together are
called integers.

A collection of numbers which is written as …….. -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,

4……… .

These numbers are called integers.

For example:

(i) -8, -2, 0, 2, 8

(ii) -7, -1, 0, 5, 12

(iii) -15, -9, 11, 21

(iv) -10, -3, 0, 9, 14

(v) -6, -4, 0, 7, 19

We usually represent numbers by making evenly spaced points one unit

apart on a straight horizontal line which is called a number line. The line
extends indefinitely to the left and to the right. A point O on the line, called
the origin corresponds to the number 0. So, point A at a distance of 9 units
to the right of zero represents the number 9 on the number line shown
below.

1
 0Save

What lies on the left of 0? Let us think about some

of the familiar things to understand about the
positive number and the negative number.

We very often hear that the temperature during

winter went down to -2°. We know that the
temperature in -2° is very cold, it is colder than
0°c. It means that -2 is smaller than 0. Let us see in
a thermometer where -2 is located. It is marked
below 0.

To measure the depth below the ground level we

use negative numbers. Here, 0 indicated ground
level. On a number line a number that is right to
the 0 is positive and a number left side to the 0 is
negative. So, we have a new set of numbers -1, -2,
-3, -4, -5, ….. These are known as the negative
numbers.

On the number line there are positive numbers, negative numbers and 0.
These are called integers. 0 is neither positive nor negative.

The sign before the number indicates its direction to the right or left of 0. For
example +5 indicates that the number lies to the right of 0 and -5 indicates
that the number lies to the left of 0. Thus, integers are also called directed
numbers. If a number has no sign it means that it is a positive integer.

Negative Integers

The negative numbers ………. -5, -4, -3, -2, -1 are called negative integers.

Thus, examples of negative integers are ……… -5, -4, -3, -2, -1.

Note:

We use the symbol ‘-’ to denote negative integers and the same symbol is
used to indicate subtraction. But the context will always make it clear
whether we mean negative integer or subtraction.

2
 Positive Integers
In integers we know that the numbers are

........... -6, -5, -4, - 3,- 2,- 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ...........

The natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ……… are called positive integers.

Thus, examples of positive integers are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ………. .

and the numbers - 1,- 2, - 3, - 4, - 5, - 6, -7, -8, ........, are called negative
integers.

Note:

Positive integers are also written as +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, ………… however,
the plus sign (+) is usually omitted and understood.

The number 0 is simply an integer. It is neither positive nor negative.

Representation of integers on a number line is explained here step by step.

In the number line the positive numbers are to the right side and the
negative numbers are to the left side.

Thus, we have integers on the number line as shown in the below figure.

VI. (i) T

VI. (i) T

(ii) F

(iii) F

(iv) T

(v) F
(ii) F VI. (i) T

Consider the following to observe the representation of integers on a

number line.

(i) In order to mark +2 on the number line, we move 2 points to the right
side of the zero.

3
(ii) In order to mark -6 on the number line, we move 6 points to the left side
of the zero.

(iii) In order to mark -1 on the number line, we move 1 point to the left side
of the zero.

(iv) In order to mark +7 on the number line, we move 7 points to the right
side of the zero.

(v) In order to mark -4 on the number line, we move 4 points to the left side
of the zero.

These are the examples to represent integers on a number line

4
 Rules to Add Integers

The rules to add integers are as follows:

Rule 1:
When the two integers have the positive sign, add the integers and assign
the (+) sign to the sum.

Combination One:

(positive + positive) or (+ plus +)

For example:
Find the sum of the integers.

(i) 8 + 19 = 27

(ii) 33 + 25 = 58

(iii) 42 + 91 = 133

(iv) 59 + 87 = 146

Note:

Here, we have two integers having the same (+) sign. So, we add the
numbers and attach (+) sign to the sum.

Rule 2:
When the two integers have the negative sign, add the integers and assign
the (-) sign to the sum.

5
Combination Two:

(negative + negative) or (- plus -)

For example:

Find the sum of the integers.

(i) (-7) + (-9) = -16

(ii) (-23) + (-15) = -38

(iii) (-41) + (-57) = -98

(iv) (-119) + (-137) = -256

Note:

Here, both the integers have the same (-) sign. So, we add the numbers and
attach the (-) sign to the sum.

Rule 3:
When the two integers have opposite sign [one positive (+) and other
negative (-)], find the difference of the numbers and to the difference assign
the sign of the integer having greater value.

1. Combination Three:

(negative + positive) or (- plus +)

For example:

Find the sum of the integers.

(i) (-17) + 29

6
= -17 + 29

[Here, two integers are with unlike signs – and +.We find the difference of
the numbers is 12 and to the difference attach the sign of the integer having
greater value; so the answer is positive 12].

= 12

(ii) (-81) + (+35)

= -81 + 35

[Here, two integers are with unlike signs – and +.We find the difference of
the numbers is 46 and to the difference attach the sign of the integer having
greater value; so the answer is negative 46].

= -46

2. Combination Four:

(positive + negative) or (+ plus -)

For example:

Find the sum of the integers.

(i) (+79) + (-57)

= 79 – 57

[Here, two integers are with unlike signs + and -.We find the difference of
the numbers is 22 and to the difference attach the sign of the integer having
greater value; so the answer is positive 22].

= 22

(ii) (+85) + (-121)

= 85 – 121

[Here, two integers are with unlike signs + and -.We find the difference of

7
the numbers is 36 and to the difference attach the sign of the integer having
greater value; so the answer is negative 36].

= -36

In adding integers these are the possible rules to add integers.

Addition of Integers on a Number Line

Addition of integers on a number line is discussed here. In order to add two integers on a
number line, we follow the following step procedure:

Procedure

STEP I:

Draw a number line and mark integers on it.

STEP II:

Start from the point representing the first number on the number line.

STEP III:

Move as many units as the second number to the

(i) right of the first number, if the second number is positive.

(ii) left of the first number, if the second number is negative.

STEP IV:

Obtain the number representing the point reached in the previous step. This number
represents the required sum of the given integers.

The following examples will explain the use of the above procedure to add two integers
on a number line.

8
Represent the following on the number line:
(i) 3+4

Solution:

We begin at zero and move 3 units to the right of it to arrive at A representing 3.

The second number is positive. So move 4 units to the right to A to arrive at B
representing 7.

Thus, we have 3 + 4 = 7.

(ii) -3 + 4

Solution:

We begin at zero and first move 3 units to the left of zero to arrive at A which represents -3.
The second number is positive 4. So we move 4 units to the right of A to arrive at B
representing 1.

Thus, we have -3 + 4 = 1.

(ii) 4 + (-3)

Solution:

We begin at zero and first move 4 units to the right of zero to arrive at A which
represents 4. The second number is negative 3. So we move 3 units to the left of A
to arrive at B representing 1.

9
Thus, we have 4 + (-3) = 1.

(iv) (-3) + (-4)

Solution:

We begin at zero and first move 3 units to the left of zero to arrive at A which represents -3.
The second number is negative 4. So we move 4 units to the left of A to arrive at B which
represents -7.

Thus, we have (-3) + (-4) = -7.

These are the examples of addition of integers on a number line.

Rules to Subtract Integers

The rules to subtract integers are discussed here.

If a and b are two integers, then to subtract b from a, we change the sign
of b and add it to a;

a – b = a + (-b)

Consider the following examples for the rules to subtract integers.

10
Find the difference of the integers:
1. 4 from 9

In order to subtract 4 from 9, we change the sign of 4 and add it to 9.

Thus, we have 9 – 4 = 9 + (-4) = 5.

2. -4 from 7

In order to subtract -4 from 7, we change the sign of -4 and add it to 7.

Thus, we have 7 – (-4) = 7 + 4 = 11.

3. 3 from -8

In order to subtract 3 from -8, we change the sign of 3 and add it to -8.

Thus, we have -8 – 3 = (-8) + (-3) = -11.

4. -9 from -5

In order to subtract -9 from -5, we change the sign of -9 and add it to -5.

Thus, we have -5 – (-9) = (-5) + 9 = 4.

Subtraction of Integers

We will learn subtraction of integers using number line.

We know that subtraction is the inverse of addition. Therefore, to subtract an

integer, we add its additive inverse.

For example, to find +5 – (+2), we add +5 + (-2).

11
So, on the number line, we move to the left of +5 by 2 steps. +5 + (-2) =
+3.

We know that to get a predecessor of a number we subtract 1.

So, predecessor of -20 is -20 - 1 = -21 and successor is -20 + 1 = -19

Solved examples on Subtraction of Integers:

1. Subtract +4 from +7.

Solution:

+7 – (+4) = +7 + (-4). So, we move 4 steps left to 7 on the number line.

Hence, +7 + (-4) = 3.

Subtraction of Integers

12
2. Subtract (-3) from (-7).

Solution:

-7 – (-3) = -7 + (+3) = -4. So, we move 3 steps to the right of -7 on the number line.

Subtracting Integers

Hence, (-3) from (-7) = -4.

Integers and the Number Line

Here we will learn about the integers and the number line.

The set of integers, I = {……, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, ……}.

Now we will learn about representation of integers on the number line. The number line
representing the integers is as given below:

(i) On the number line, the positive integers are shown on the right side of
zero and negative integers on the left side of zero.

(ii) The opposite integers 1 and -1 are marked at the same distances from
zero; so are 2 and -2; 3 and -3 and so on.

(iii) The arrows marked, at both the ends of a number line, represent that
the integers, both positive and negative; are infinite.

Ordering Integers
13
In ordering integers we will learn how to order the integers on a number line.

An integer on a number line is always greater than every integer on its left.
Thus, 3 is greater than 2, 2 > 1, 1 > 0, 0 > -1, -1 > -2 and so on.

Similarly, an integer on a number line is always lesser than every integer on

its right. Thus, -3 is less than -2, -2 < -1, -1 < 0, 0 < 1, 1 < 2 and so on.

(i) Every positive integer is greater than every negative integer.

(ii) Zero is less than every positive integer and is greater than every negative
integer.

(iii) The greater the number, the lesser is its opposite.

i.e., 8 is greater than 5, but -8 is less than -5; similarly, -9 > -15 or, 9 < 15
and so on

(iv) The lesser the number, the greater is its opposite.

i.e., 6 is less than 7, but -6 is greater than -7; similarly, -8 < -5 or 8 > 5 and
so on.

Note: The symbol (-) is used to denote a negative integer as well as for
subtraction.

(i) The temperature at an Everest is -10°C. Here the symbol (-) indicates the
negative integer (-10) and no subtraction is involved.

(ii) On the other hand, 23 – 7 indicates the subtraction of 7 from 23.

Solved examples on ordering integers:

1. Arrange the integers from greater to lesser:

(i) 9, -2, 3, 0, -5, -7, 7, -1

(ii) -11, 17, -2, 2, -6, -15, 0, 1

(iii) 12, -21, -18, 14, -5, -1, 1, 10

Solution:

14
(i) 9, 7, 3, 0, -1, -2, -5, -7

(ii) 17, 2, 1, 0, -2, -6, -11, -15

(iii) 14, 12, 10, 1, -1, -5, -18, -21

2. Arrange the integers from lesser to greater:

(i) 0, 4, -4, 9, -10, -7, 12, -13

(ii) -14, 7, -25, -17, 20, 5, -9, -3

(iii) -6, 4, -18, 21, 29, -8, -16, 19

Solution:

(i) -13, -10, -7, -4, 0, 4, 9, 12

(ii) -25, -17, -14, -9, -3, 5, 7, 20

(iii) -18, -16, -8, -6, 4, 19, 21, 29

Use of Integers
The use of integers is used to express our day-to-day situations in Mathematical terms.

Examples:

(i) If profit are represented by positive integer then losses by negative integers.

(ii) If heights above sea level by positive integers then depths below sea level by negative
integers.

(iii) If rise in price is represented by positive integers, then fall in price by negative integers
and so on.

Thus, if +256 represent a profit of $ 256; then a loss of $ 256 is represented by -256.

Similarly, if a depth of 37 below sea level is represented by -37; then +37 represents a height
of 37 above sea level and so on.

Use of integers as directed numbers:

When numbers represent direction, then numbers are called directed numbers.

For example:

(i) If moving 10 m towards North is represented by +10;

-10 represents moving 10 m towards South, opposite direction of North.

15
If a positive (+ve) integer indicates a particular direction; then the negative (-ve)
integer indicates the opposite direction. Conversely, if a negative (-ve) integer indicates any
particular direction; then the positive (+ve) integer indicates the opposite direction.

For example:

If +5 represents 5 m towards East; then -4 represents 4 m towards its opposite direction i.e.,
towards West.

Similarly, if +9 represents 9 m due South, -6 represents 6 m due North. Again if -4 represents

4 km due East; +2 represents 2 km due West

16
(ii) If 12 m above the earth’s surface is represented by +12; then 18 m below the earth’s
surface is represented by -18 and so on.

(iii) If +23 represents a profit of $23; then -19 represents a loss of $19.

(iv) If -63 indicate giving of $63; then taking of $91 is denoted by +91.

(v) If the rise in temperature by 63° C is denoted by +63; then -45 indicates the fall in
temperature by 45° C

Write the opposite of the following expressions:

(i) An expenditure of $15.

(ii) A profit of $115.

(iii) A loss of $55.

(iv) Descending -15 m.

(v) Increase in weight by 17 kg.

Solution:

(i) Expenditure of $15 = Income of -15 dollars.

(ii) Profit of $115 = Loss of 115 dollars.

(iii) Loss of $55 = Profit of 55 dollars.

(iv) Descending -15 m or -15 m downwards movement = 15 m upward movement.

(v) Increase in weight by 17 kgs. = Decrease in weight by -17 kgs.

17
 Use of Integers as Directed Numbers
Here we will learn the use of integers as directed numbers. We know, when
numbers represent direction, the numbers are called directed numbers.

1. What do the following expressions mean?

(i) Profit of - $27.

(ii) -14 km to the East.

(iii) Ascending -30 meters.

Solution:

(i) Profit of -27 dollars = Loss of 27 dollars.

(ii) -14 km to the East = 14 km towards West.

(iii) Ascending -30 meters or -30 meters upward movement = 30 meters

downward movement.

2. A boy moves 32 m due East and then 27 m due West. Find his position
with respect to his starting point.

Solution:

Let 32 m due East is represented by +32, then -27 represents 27 m due

West.

On adding +32 and -27, we get;

(+32) + (-27)

= +32 – 27

= +5; which is positive.

Therefore, the position of the boy with respect to his starting point is 5 m
due East.

3. A person walks 37 m due South and then 45 m due North. Find his
position with respect to his starting point.

Solution:

Let 37 m due South is represented by +37, then -45 represents 45 m due

North.

On adding +37 and -45, we get;

18
(+37) + (-45)

= +37 – 45

= -8; which is negative.

Therefore, the position of the person with respect to his starting point is -8 m
due South.

4. The temperature of a body first rises by 25° C and then falls by 32° C.
Find the final temperature of the body, if its initial temperature is:

(i) 0° C

(ii) 18° C

(iii) -20° C

(iv) 1° C

Solution:

(i) Final temperature = 0° C + (+ 25° C) + (- 32° C)

= 0° C + 25° C - 32° C

= 25° C - 32° C

= -7° C

(ii) Final temperature = 18° C + (+ 25° C) + (- 32° C)

= 18° C + 25° C - 32° C

= 43° C - 32° C

= 11° C

(iii) Final temperature = -20° C + (+ 25° C) + (- 32° C)

= -20° C + 25° C - 32° C

= 25° C - 52° C

= -27° C

(iv) Final temperature = 1° C + (+ 25° C) + (- 32° C)

= 1° C + 25° C - 32° C

= 26° C - 32° C

= -6° C

19
 Adding Integers
Adding integers is one of the important operations on integers, among the four fundamental
operations on integers.

1. When the integers have like signs that is, when both the integers to be added are
either positive or a negative.

Add their absolute values and assign the same sign to the sum.

(i) Add: +53 and +115

Here, both the integers to be added are positive and their absolute values are 53 and 115
respectively.

The sum of their absolute values = 53 + 115 = 168

Therefore, (+53) + (+115) = +168

(ii) Add: -31 and -93

Here, both the numbers to be added are negative and their absolute values are 31 and 93
respectively.

The sum of their absolute values = 31 + 93 = 124

Therefore, (-31) + (-93) = -124

2. When the integers have unlike signs that is, one is positive and the other is
negative.

Determine the difference of their absolute values and assign the sign of integer of greater
absolute value.

(i) Add: + 47 and -27

The absolute values of +47 and -27 are 47 and 27 respectively; and their difference = 47 – 27
= 30.

Since, the integers with greater absolute value is 47 and it sign is ‘+’

Therefore, (+47) + (-27) = +30

(ii) Add: -66 and +24

20
The absolute values of -66 and +24 are 66 and 24 respectively; and their difference = 66 - 24
= 42.

Since, the integers with greater absolute value is 66 and it sign is ‘-’

Therefore, (-66) + (+24) = -42

(iii) Add: +253 and – 349

The absolute values of +253 and -349 are 253 and 349 respectively; and difference of their
absolute values = 349 - 253 = 96

Since, the integers with greater absolute value is 349 and it sign is ‘-’

Therefore, (+253) + (-349) = -96.

Properties of Adding Integers

The properties of adding integers are discussed here along with the
examples.

1. The addition (sum) of any two integers is always an integer.

For example:

(i) 5 + 9 = 14 ∈ Z

(ii) (-5) + 9 = 4 ∈ Z

(iii) (-5) + (-9) = -14 ∈ Z

(iv) 5 + (-9) = -4 ∈ Z and so on.

2. For any two integers ‘a’ and ‘b’; a + b = b + a

For example:

(i) (+3) + (+8) = (+8) + (+3)

(ii) (-7) + (+3) = (+3) + (-7)

(iii) (-9) + (-3) = (-3) + (-9)

(iv) (+5) + (-3) = (+5) + (-3) and so on.

21
3. For any three integers ‘a’ ‘b’ and ‘c’; a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c

For example:

(i) (+5) + [(-2) + (+3)] = [(+5) + (-2)] + (+3)

(ii) (-3) + [(-4) + (-5)] = [(-3) + (-4)] + (-5)

(iii) (+4) + [(+2) + (+3)] = [(+4) + (+2)] + (+3)

(iv) (-2) + [(+3) + (-4)] = [(-2) + (+3)] + (-4)

(v) (-4) + [(-3) + (+5)] = [(-4) + (-3)] + (+5)

(vi) (+3) + [(+4) + (-2)] = [(+3) + (+4)] + (-2)

(vii) (-3) + [(2) + (7)] = [(-3) + (2)] + (7)

(viii) 9 + [(-4) + (-2)] = [9 + (-4)] + (-2) and so on.

4. For any integer ‘a’; a + 0 = 0 + a = a

For example:

(i) (+7) + 0 = 0 + (+7) = +7

(ii) (-11) + 0 = 0 + (-11) = -11

(iii) 0 + (+9) = (+9) + 0 = +9

(iv) 0 + (-5) = (-5) + 0 = -5 and so on.

5. Any integer + its negative = 0 i.e., a + (-a) = 0

For example:

(i) 5 + (-5) = 0

(ii) (-7) + 7 = 0 and so on.

Subtracting Integers
Subtracting integers is the second operations on integers, among the four
fundamental operations on integers.

Change the sign of the integer to be subtracted and then add.

(i) Subtract: +3 from +9

22
(+9) – (+3)

Here the +3 is subtracted from +9

= +9 – 3, [(+ 3) changes to (-3)]

Now add +9 and -3 using the addition of integers rule.

= +6

ii) Subtract: -7 from +12

(+12) - (-7)

Here the -7 is subtracted from +12

= +12 + 7, [(-7) changes to (+7)]

Now add +12 and +7 using the addition of integers rule.

= +19

(iii) Subtract: +8 from -18

(-18) – (+8)

Here the +8 is subtracted from -18

= -18 - 8, [(+ 8) changes to (-8)]

Now add -18 and -8 using the addition of integers rule.

= -26

(iv) Subtract: -4 from -11

(-11) – (-4)

Here the -4 is subtracted from -11

= -11 + 4, [(-4) changes to (+4)]

Now add -11 and +4 using the addition of integers rule.

= -7

(v) Subtract: +44 from +99

23
(+99) – (+44)

Here the +44 is subtracted from +99

= +99 – 44, [(+ 44) changes to (-44)]

Now add +99 and -44 using the addition of integers rule.

= +55

(vi) Subtract: -63 from +87

(+87) - (-63)

Here the -63 is subtracted from +87

= +87 + 63, [(-63) changes to (+63)]

Now add +87 and +63 using the addition of integers rule.

= +150

(vii) Subtract: +41 from -76

(-76) – (+41)

Here the +41 is subtracted from -76

= -76 - 41, [(+ 41) changes to (-41)]

Now add -76 and -41 using the addition of integers rule.

= -117

(viii) Subtract: -16 from -46

(-46) – (-16)

Here the -16 is subtracted from -46

= -46 + 16, [(-16) changes to (+16)]

Now add -46 and +16 using the addition of integers rule.

= -30

24
 Multiplying Integers
Multiplying integers is the third operations on integers, among the four
fundamental operations on integers and it is the short process of finding the
sum if a given number of repetitions of the same number. The sign or symbol
of multiplication is ‘×’.

For example:

(i) 5 + 5 + 5 + ……….. 15 times = 5 multiplied by 15 = 5 × 15.

(ii) (-4) + (-4) + (-4) +……….. 12 times = (-4) multiplied by 12 = (-4) × 12.

The repeating number is called the multiplicand and the number which
indicates how often the multiplicand is to be repeated is called the multiplier.

Thus, in 3 + 3 + 3 + ……….. 14 times i.e. in 3 × 14; 3 is the multiplicand

and 14 is the multiplier.

1. When the integers have same sign:

The multiplication of two integers, both positive or both negative, is always a

positive integer equal to the product of their absolute values.

And in other words when both the numbers have same (like) signs, the result of the
multiplication is always positive.

For example:

(i) (+5) × (+4) = 5 × 4 = 20

(ii) (-6) × (-3) = 6 × 3 = 18

(iii) (+12) × (+12) = 12 × 12 = 144

(iv) (-16) × (-5) = 16 × 5 = 80

(v) (-20) × (-10) = 20 × 10 = 200

2. When the integers have unlike sign:

The multiplication of a positive integer and a negative integer is always negative.

And in other words when both the numbers have different (unlike) signs, the result
of the multiplication is always negative.

For example:

(i) (-15) × (+8) = - (15 × 8) = -120

(ii) (+12) × (-9) = - (12 × 9) = -108

25
(iii) (-10) × (+5) = - (10 × 5) = -50

(iv) (+20) × (-8) = - (20 × 8) = -160

(v) (-8) × (+7) = - (8 × 7) = -56

Note: (+) × (+) = (+)

(+) × (-) = (-)

(-) × (+) = (-)

(-) × (-) = (+)

Properties of Multiplying Integers

The properties of multiplying integers are explained using examples.

For any integers ‘a’, ‘b’ and ‘c’, etc.

1. Closure property:

a × b is an integer i.e., product (multiplication) of two integers is always an

integer

For example: 2 and 3 are two integers, now 2 × 3 = 6, which is an integer.

2. Commutative property:

a × b = b × a.

For example: 2 × 5 = 5 × 2 and so on.

3. Associative property:

a × (b × c) = (a × b) × c.

For example: 2 × (3 × 4) = (2 × 3) × 4 and so on.

4. Multiplicative Property of Zero:

a×0=0×a=0

For example: 5 × 0 = 0 × 5 = 0 and so on.

The result of multiplication of any number with zero (0) is always zero.

26
i.e., any number × 0 = 0 and 0 × any number = 0

Thus, 7 × 0 = 0, 0 × 7 = 0, (-10) × 0 = 0, 0 × (-10) = 0

5. Multiplicative identity property:

a×1=1×a=a

For example: 3 × 1 = 1 × 3 = 3 and so on.

6. Distributive of property multiplication over addition:

(i) a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c,

For example: 2 × (4 + 5) = 2 × 4 + 2 × 5 and so on.

(ii) (b + c) × a = b × a + c × a

For example: (4 + 9) × 3 = 4 × 3 + 9 × 3 and so on.

7. Distributive of property multiplication over subtraction:

(i) a × (b - c) = a × b - a × c

For example: 4 × (7 - 9) = 4 × 7 - 4 × 9 and so on.

(ii) (b - c) × a = b × a - c × a

For example: (2 - 8) × 6 = 2 × 6 - 8 × 6 and so on.

Dividing Integers
Dividing integers is the fourth operations on integers, among the four
fundamental operations on integers and it is the process of finding how often
one give number (called divisor) is contained in another given number (called
dividend).

The number expressing the times the divisor is contained in the dividend is
called the quotient.

The sign or symbol of division is ‘÷’ and it is read as divided by.

Thus, 32 ÷ 8 is 32 divided by 8.

Note: 32 ÷ 8 = 32/8 = 4; 45 ÷ 3 = 45/3 = 15, 91 ÷ 13 = 91/13 = 7 and so

on.

63 ÷ 9 = 63/9 = 7 indicates that in 63, 9 is contained 7 times.

27
Therefore, 9 is divisor, 63 is dividend and 7 is quotient.

Similarly, 125 ÷ 5 = 125/5 = 25 indicates that in 125, 5 is contained 25

times.

Therefore, 5 is divisor, 125 is dividend and 25 is quotient.

The rules for division are the same as the rules for multiplication i.e.,

1. If both the integers have like signs (both positive or both negative), the sign of
division (quotient) is always positive.

For example:

(i) (+8)/(+4) = +2

(ii) (-9)/(-3) = +3

(iii) (+84)/(+4) = +21

(iv) (-49)/(-7) = +7 and so on.

2. If both integers have unlike signs, the division (quotient) is always negative.

For example:

(i) (+6)/(-3) = (-2)

(ii) (-8)/(+4) = -2

(iii) (-22)/(+11) = +2

(iv) (+32)/(-8) = - 4 and so on.

Note: (-52)/4 = 52/(-4) = -(52/4) = -13

72/(-6) = - (72)/6 = (-72)/6 = -12 and so on.

Solved example on dividing integers:

Divide the following integers:

(i) 96 by 12

= 96/12 = 8

(ii) 96 by -12

= 96/(-12) = -8

28
(iii) -96 by -12

= (-96)/(-12) = 8

(iv) -96 by 12

= (-96)/12 = -8

(v) 98 by 0

= not-defined

(vi) 98 by 0

=0

Note:

Dividend Divisor Quotient

(+) ÷ (+) = (+)

÷
(+) (-) = (-)
÷
(-) (+) = (-)
÷
(-) (-) = (+)

Properties of Dividing Integers

he properties of dividing integers are discussed here along with the
examples.

1. If ‘a’ and ‘b’ are any two integers, then ‘a’ ÷ ‘b’ is not necessarily an
integer.

For example:

(i) +12/+3 = +4, which is an integer.

(ii) +45/-15 = -3 which is an integer.

(iii) -135/+9 = -15 which is an integer.

(iv) -725/-25 = + 29 which is an integer.

But,

(v) (+7)/(+4) is not an integer and same is true for (-5) ÷ (+2), (+15) ÷ (-
7), (-10) ÷ (-3), etc.

29
. If ‘a’ is not negative integer i.e., a ≠ 0; then ‘a ÷ a’ is always equal to unity
(1).

For example:

(i) (-3) ÷ (-3) = (+1) = 1

(ii) (+9) ÷ (+9) = (+1) = 1

(iii) (+17) ÷ (+17) = (+1) = 1

(iv) (-25) ÷ (-25) = (+1) = 1 and so on.

3. For any non-zero integer ‘a’, 0 ÷ a = 0, but a ÷ 0 is not defined.

When zero (0) is divided by any non-zero number, the result (quotient) is
always zero and when any number is divided by zero (0), the result is not-
defined.

i.e., Zero/Any non-zero number = Zero and Any number/Zero =

Not-defined

For example:

(i) 0/12 = 0, 0/(-15) = 0, 0/123 = 0 and so on.

(ii) 15/0 = not-defined, -18/0 = not-defined, 0/0 = not-defined.

Similarly, 0 ÷ 7 = 0, 0 ÷ (-10) = 0, but 12 ÷ 0 is not defined and so is (-15)

÷ 0 and so on.

Also, a ÷ b ≠ b ÷ a

For example:

4÷2≠2÷4

a ÷ (b ÷ c) ≠ (a ÷ b) ÷ c

For example:

8 ÷ (4 ÷ 2) ≠ (8 ÷ 4) ÷ 2 and so on.

Worksheet on Integers and the

Number Line

30
Practice the questions given in the worksheet on integers and the number
line. The questions are based on integers and how to find the integers using
a number line.

I. Circle the integers in the given numbers:

1515; 8; 37493749; -7; 719719; 0; -1212; -1; 900; 10991099; -256; 1000; 1

II. Using the following number line, fill in the blanks:

(i) An integer, on the given number line, is ___________ than every number
on its left

(ii) An integer, on the given number line, is greater than every number on its
___________.

(iii) -5 is a …………… integer.

(iv) Zero is neither …………… nor negative integer.

(v) -7 will be written to the …………… of zero.

(vi) 4 is greater than -4 implies 4 is on the ___________ of -4.

(vii) -5 is ___________ than 3 and 7 is ___________ than -5.

(viii) -6 is ___________ than -10 and 3 is ___________ than 9.

(ix) 8 is ___________ than 0 and -6 is ___________ than -1.

(x) -7 is ___________ than 6 and opposite of -4 is ___________ than

opposite of -9.

(xi) -12 is ___________ than -8 and -10 is ___________ than opposite of 5.

(xii) If +15 represents gain of $15; then +45 represents ___________; and
-75 represents ___________.

(xiii) If 30 m below sea level is represented by -30; then -95 represents

___________; and +450 represents ___________.

(xiv) If fall in temperature by 15° C is denoted by +15, then -115 denotes

___________; and +47 denotes ___________.

(xv) Absolute value of +24 is ___________ and absolute value of -35 is

___________.

(xvi) |-11| = ___________, |+11| = ___________ and - |-11| =

___________.

31
(xvii) If absolute value of a number = the number itself; then the number is
___________ or ___________

(xviii) The opposite of +46 is ___________ and that of -88 is ___________

III. Express the given situation as positive or negative integers:

(i) Going 15th floors above the ground.

(ii) Moving 30 m below sea level.

(iii) Withdrawing $6500 from a bank.

(iv) Going 2 floors above the ground.

(v) Flying 3500 km above the sea level.

IV. Find the integer, using the number line, which is:

(i) 5 more than 3

(ii) 9 less than 4

(iii) 12 more than -4

(iv) 8 less than 3

(v) 7 less than 0

(vi) 4 less than -6

V. Show the given integers on the number line:

-8, 6, -4, 0, 1

VI. Write all the integers between:

(i) -2 and +5

(ii) -3 and +3

(iii) -12 and -7

32
(iv) -7 and -3

VII. State whether the statements are true or false:

(i) The smallest integer is 0.

(ii) The opposite of -17 is 17

(iii) The opposite of zero is zero.

(iv) Every negative integer is smaller than 0.

(v) 0 is greater than every positive integer.

(vi) Since, zero is neither negative nor positive; it is not an integer.

VIII. Write the opposite integer of each number:

(i) 6

(ii) 115

(iii) -682

(iv) -777

(v) -9

(vi) -54

(vii) 1000

(viii) 0

IX. Draw a number line and answer the following questions:

(i) Which number will we reach if we start from -4 and move 7 steps to the
right?

(ii) Which number will we reach if we start from -1 and move 9 steps to the
left?

(iii) Which number will we reach if we start from -9 and move 9 steps to the
right?

33
X. Write the next four integers in each of the following sequences:

(i) -12, -10, -8, -6, ……., ……., ……., …….

(ii) 15, 10, 5, ……., ……., ……., …….

(iii) -40, -30, -20, ……., ……., ……., …….

(iv) 9, 5, 1, ……., ……., ……., …….

Answers for the worksheet on integers and the number line are given below
to check the exact answers of the above questions using number line.

34
 Answers:

I. 8; -7; 0; -1; 900; -256; 1000; 1

II. (i) greater

(ii) left

(iii) negative

(iv) positive

(v) left

(vi) right

(vii) less; greater

(viii) greater; less

(ix) greater; less

(x) less; less

(xi) less; less

(xii) gain of $45; loss of $75

(xiii) 95 m below sea-level; 450 m above sea-level

(xiv) rise in temperature by 115° C; fall in temperature by 47° C

(xv) 24 and 35

(xvi) 11, 11 and -11

(xvii) positive or zero

(xviii) -46; +88

III. (i) positive

(ii) negative

(iii) negative

35
(iv) positive

(v) positive

IV. (i) 8

(ii) -5

(iii) 8

(iv) -5

(v) -7

(vi) -10

V.

VI. (i) -1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4

(ii) -2, -1, 0, +1, +2

(iii) -11, -10, -9, -8

(iv) -6, -5, -4

VII. (i) False

(ii) True

(iii) True

(iv) True

(v) False

(vi) False

36
VIII. (i) -6

(ii) -115

(iii) +682

(iv) +777

(v) +9

(vi) +54

(vii) -1000

(viii) 0

IX. (i) +3

(ii) -10

(iii) 0

X. (i) -4, -2, 0, +2

(ii) 0, -5, -10, -15

(iii) -10, 0, +10, +20

(iv) -3, -7, -11, -15

Practice the questions given in the worksheet on use of integers. We know

that, when numbers represent direction and then numbers are called directed
numbers. The questions are based on use of integers and use of integers as
directed numbers.

I. Write an appropriate integer for each of the following:

(i) A loss of $35 = ?

(ii) 75° above zero degree = ?

(iii) 24° below zero = ?

(iv) Depositing $680 in a bank = ?

37
(iii) Gaining $555 = ?

(vi) Losing $324 = ?

(vii) Withdrawing $1560 from a bank = ?

II. Fill in the blanks in each case given below:

Quantity Opposite of the quantity

(i) Profit of $80 ___________
(ii) Going 50 km towards East
___________
(iii) ___________
Going 60 m below the sea level
(iv) ___________
Gaining $3250
(v) ___________
Going 37 m due North
(vi) Losing weight of 4.7 kg
___________
(vii) A decrease of 23%

(viii) ___________ ___________

(ix) 22m towards left Rise of 55% of the cost.

(x) ___________ ___________
(xi) ___________
17° above 33°
(xii) Giving $1000 to Ron
Withdrawing $235 from a bank.

___________

Answers for the worksheet on use of integers are given below to check the
exact answers of the above questions on integers.

Answers:

I. (i) -35

(ii) +75

(iii) -24

38
(iv) +680

(v) +555

(vi) -324

(vii) -1560

II. (i) Loss of $80

(ii) Going 50 km towards West

(iii) Going 60 m above sea-level

(iv) Losing $3250

(v) Going 37 m due South

(vi) Gaining weight of 4.7 kg

(vii) An increase of 23 %

(viii) Fall of 55 % of the cose

(ix) 22 m towards right

(x) 17° below 33°

(xi) Depositing $ 235 in a bank

(xii) Taking $1000 from Ron

Worksheet on Ordering Integers

Practice the questions given in the worksheet on ordering integers. We know,

an integer on a number line is always greater than every integer on its left
and lesser than every integer on its right. The questions are based on
comparing the integers, arranging the integers in ascending order and
arranging the integers in descending order.

I. In each of the following pairs, state which integer is greater:

(i) -5, -7 (v) 27, -315

(ii) -7, 5 (vi) -37, -25

(iii) 0, 8 (vii) -15, 0

39
(iv) 0, -3 (viii) -1, -53

II. In each of the following pairs, state which integer is smaller:

(i) 0, -4 (v) -6, 3

(ii) 2, -35 (vi) 12, 23

(iii) 15, -51 (vii) -3, 0

(iv) 13, 0 (viii) -19, -1

III. Fill in the blanks by < or > to make the statement true:

(i) 3 _____ 0 (v) 5 _____ -1

(ii) 0 _____ -8 (vi) -13 _____ 0

(iii) -9 _____ -3 (vii) -8 _____ -18

(iv) -3 _____ 3 (viii) 516 _____ -316

IV. In each case, arrange the given integers in ascending order:

(i) -8, 0, -5, 5, 4, -1

(ii) 3, -3, 4, -7, 0, -6, 2

(iii) -1, -7, 8, -3, 0, 3, 17

(iv) 15, 19, -10, -7, 6, -6

V. In each case, arrange the given integers in descending order:

(i) -5, -3, 8, 15, 0, -2

(ii) 12, 23, -11, 0, 7, 6

(iii) -1, -21, -31, 12, 5, 11

(iv) 56, -35, 98, -53, 4, 0

Answers for the worksheet on ordering integers are given below to check the exact
answers of the above questions on finding the greater and smaller integers.

40
 Answers:

I. (i) -5 (v) 27

(ii) 5 (vi) -25

(iii) 8 (vii) 0

(iv) 0 (viii) -1

(v) -6
II. (i) -4
(vi) 12
(ii) -35
(vii) -3
(iii) -51
(viii) -19
(iv) 0

III. (i) > (v) >

(ii) > (vi) <

(iii) < (vii) >

(iv) < (viii) >

IV. (i) -8, -5, -1, 0, 4, 5

(ii) -7, -6, -3, 0, 2, 3, 4

(iii) -7, -3, -1, 0, 3, 8, 17

(iv) -10, -7, -6, 6, 15, 19

V. (i) 15, 8, 0, -2, -3, -5

(ii) 23, 12, 7, 6, 0, -11

(iii) 12, 11, 5, -1, -21, -31

(iv) 98, 56, 4, 0, -35, -53

Worksheet on Absolute Value of an

Integer

41
Practice the questions given in the worksheet on absolute value of an
integer. We know that, the absolute value of an integer is its numerical value
without taking the sign into consideration.

I. Write the absolute value of each of the following:

(i) 15

(ii) -24

(iii) -375

(iv) 0

(v) +7

(vi) +123

II. Write the absolute value of each of the given numbers:

(i) |-2|

(ii) |-23|

(iii) |14|

(iv) |+27|

(v) |-186|

(vi) |-10|

III. State whether the statements are true or false:

(i) The absolute value of -3 is 3.

(ii) The absolute value of an integer is always greater than the integer.

(iii) |+5| = +5

(iv) |-5| = -5

(v) - |+5| = 5

(vi) - |-5| = -5

IV. Evaluate the following integers:

42
(i) |7|

(ii) |-15|

(iii) |7 - 15|

(iv) |7| + |-15|

(v) |7| - |15|

(vi) |15 - 7|

V. Evaluate the following:

(i) |-7| + |+5| + |0|

(ii) |10| - |-15| + |+12|

(iii) - |+3| - |-3| + |-6|

(iv) |-8| - |17| + |-12|

43
Answers for the worksheet on absolute value of an integer are given below to
check the exact answers of the above questions.

Answers:

I. (i) 15

(ii) 24

(iii) 375

(iv) 0

44
(v) 7

(vi) 123

II. (i) 2

(ii) 23

(iii) 14

(iv) 27

(v) 186

(vi) 10

III. (i) True

(ii) False

(iii) True

(iv) False

(v) False

(vi) True

IV. (i) 7

(ii) 15

(iii) 8

(iv) 22

(v) -8

(vi) 8

V. (i) 12

45
(ii) 7

(iii) 0

(iv) 3

Worksheet on Adding Integers

Practice the questions given in the worksheet on adding integers. We know

that the sum of any two integers is always an integer.

I. Add the following integers:

(i) + 84 and + 45

(ii) - 63 and - 23

(iii) -44 and + 35

(iv) +12 and -20

(v) + 2245 and -1013

(vi) -260 and 0

(vii) -57 and -476

(viii) 274 and - 342

(ix) + 145 and +264

(x) - 814 and +415

II. Fill in the blanks:

(i) 15 + 27 = ………..

(ii) 27 + 15 = ………..

(iii) 27 + 0 = ………..

(iv) 0 + 15 = ………..

(v) 7 + ……….. = 0

(vi) (-9) + ……….. = 0

(vii) 17 + (-17) = ………..

(viii) (-7) + ……….. = -5

46
III. Add the following:

(i) 7 + 9

(ii) (-4) + 9

(iii) 2 + (-2)

(iv) (-7) + (-6)

(v) (-8) + (-4) + (-9)

IV. Evaluate the following:

(i) (+423) + (253)

(ii) (-423) + (+253)

(iii) (+423) + (-253)

(iv) (-423) + (-253)

V. Find the value of the following:

(i) 3 + 4 + (-6) + (-6) + 2

(ii) 11 + 53 + (-40) - 29

(iii) (-98) + (-43) + 69 + 77

(iv) 41 + (-73) + 23 - 85

VI. State whether the following statements are true (T) of false (F).

(i) The sum of two integers can be zero.

(ii) The addition of three distinct integers is zero if one of integer is zero.

(iii) The addition of a negative (-ve) integer and a positive (+ve) integer is always a
negative (-ve) integer.

(iv) The addition of an integer and its opposite is zero.

(v) The addition of two negative (-ve) integers is always a positive (+ve) integer.

Answers for the worksheet on adding integers are given below to check the exact answers of the above
questions on addition.

47
 Answers:

I. (i) +129 II. (i) 42 III. (i) 16 IV. (i) 676 VI. (i) T

(ii) -86 (ii) 42 (ii) 5 (ii) -170 V. (i) -3 (ii) F

(iii) -9 (iii) 27 (iii) 0 (iii) 170 (ii) -5 (iii) F

(iv) -8 (iv) 15 (iv) -13 (iv) -676 (iii) 5 (iv) T

(v) + 1232 (v) -7 (v) -21 (iv) -94 (v) F

(vi) -260 (vi) 9

(vii) -533 (vii) 0

(viii) -68 (viii) 2

(ix) + 409

(x) – 399

Worksheet on Subtracting Integers

Practice the questions given in the worksheet on subtracting integers. We

know that the difference of any two integers is always an integer.

I. Subtract the following:

(ix) 346 from 293
(i) + 9 from + 12
(x) -80 from 0
(ii) + 15 from - 21
(xi) 0 from+39
(iii) - 42 from + 74
(xii) -59 from -100
(iv) - 10 from + 25
(xiii) -350 from 200
(v) 7 from 15
(xiv) 63 from -63
(vi) +7 from -15
(xv) 0 from -247
(vii) -7 from +15
(xvi) -55 from +55
(viii) -7 from 15

II. Fill in the blanks:

(vi) -15 – 0 = ………..
(i) (-9) - ……….. = 15
(vii) 0 – 27 = ………..
(ii) (-17) - ……….. = -4

48
(iii) (-9) - ……….. = 3 (viii) 0 – (-27) = ………..

(iv) -15 – 27 = ……….. (ix) (-8) - ……….. = -3

(v) 15 – 27 = ……….. (x) ……….. – (-5) = +13

III. Subtract the following integers:

(i) 8 - 9

(ii) (-5) - 9

(iii) 6 – (-8)

(iv) (-4) – (-6)

(v) (-2) – (-4) – (-6)

(vi) (+18) – (-12) – (+6) – (-9)

IV. Fill in the blanks:

(i) To subtract (- 8) from 16, we add ……………… to 16.

(ii) To subtract 8 from - 16, we add ……………… to - 16.

(iii) The opposite (negative) of a negative integer is a ……………… integer.

(iv) If a and b are two integers then a + b is also ……………… .

Answers for the worksheet on subtracting integers are given below to check
the exact answers of the above questions on subtraction.

Answers:

I. (i) +3 (ix) -53

(ii) -36 (x) +80

(iii) +116 (xi) +39

(iv) +35 (xii) -41

(v) +8 (xiii) +550

(vi) -22 (xiv) -126

(vii) +22 (xv) -247

49
(viii) +22 (xvi) +110

II. (i) -24 (vi) -15

(ii) -13 (vii) -27

(iii) -12 (viii) +27

(iv) -42 (ix) -5

(v) -12 (x) +8

III. (i) -1

(ii) -14

(iii) 14

(iv) 2

(v) 8

(vi) +33

IV. (i) +8

(ii) -8

(iii) positive

(iv) Integer

Worksheet on Multiplying Integers

Practice the questions given in the worksheet on multiplying integers. We

know that the product of any two integers is always an integer.

I. Fill in the blanks:

(i) 0 × 9 = ……… (ix) ……… × (-16) = 400

(ii) 9 × 0 = ……… (x) (-12) × ……… = -36
(iii) 0 × (-9) = ……… (xi) 7 × ……… = 21
(iv) 15 × 13 = ………
(xii) 7 × ……… = -28
(v) 13 × 15 = ………
(xiii) (-2) × ……… = -6

50
(vi) ( -13) × 15 = ……… (xiv) (-2) × ……… = 6

(vii) (-13) × (-15) = ……… (xv) 12 × ……… = 0

(viii) 13 × (-15) = ……… (xvi) ……… × (-18) = 0

II. Multiply the following integers:

(i) 12 and 16 (viii) -8 and -7

(ii) 16 and -16 (ix) -8 and +7
(iii) -12 and -16 (x) +8 and -7
(iv) -12 and 16
(xi) -3 and -6
(v) -348 and 0
(xii) +48 and 0
(vi) 0 and 152
(xiii) 0 and -297
(vii) 8 and 7
(xiv) -12 and +47

III. Find the value of the products of the following:

(i) 4 × 12

(ii) 11 × 5

(iii) (-4) × 12

(iv) (-3) × (-12)

(v) 8 × 0

(vi) 7 × 4 × 3

(vii) 7 × (-4) × 3

(viii) (-7) × 3 × (-3)

(ix) (-7) × (-3) × (-3)

(x) (-8) × (-8) × (-8)

(xi) (-32) × 0 × (-32)

(xii) (-1) × (-2) × (-3) × (-4) × (-5) × (-6)

IV. State whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)

(i) The product of two integers can be zero.

51
(ii) The product of two negative integers is negative.

(iii) The product of three negative integers is a negative integer.

(iv) The product of a negative integer and a positive integer may be zero.

(v) If a and b are two integers, then a × b is always greater than

both a and b.

(vi) If a and b are two integers, then a × b is always greater than

either a or b.

(vii) In a negative (-ve) product, there is an odd number of negative (-ve)

integers.

(viii) If the product of two integers is positive (+ve), then the integers are
either both positive (+ve) or both negative (-ve).

(ix) The product of a negative integer and zero is 1.

V. What will be the sign of the product if we multiply together:

(i) 8 negative and 4 positive integers.

(ii) 3 negative and 10 positive integers.

(iii) 9 negative and 5 positive integers.

(iv) 1 negative and 2 positive integers.

Answers for the worksheet on multiplying integers are given below to check the
exact answers of the above questions on multiplication.

Answers:

I. (i) 0 (ix) -25

(ii) 0 (x) 3

(iii) 0 (xi) 3

(iv) 195 (xii) -4

(v) 195 (xiii) 3

(vi) -195 (xiv) -3

(vii) 195 (xv) 0

52
(viii) -195 (xvi) 0

II. (i) 192 (viii) 56

(ii) -256 (ix) -56

(iii) 192 (x) -56

(iv) -192 (xi) 18

(v) 0 (xii) 0

(vi) 0 (xiii) 0

(vii) 56 (xiv) -564

III. (i) 48 (vii) -84

(ii) 55 (viii) 63

(iii) -48 (ix) -63

(iv) 36 (x) -512

(v) 0 (xi) 0

(vi) 84 (xii) 720

IV. (i) True (ii) False (iii) False (iv) False

(v) False (vi) False (vii) True (viii) True (ix) False

V. (i) positive (ii) negative (iii) negative (iv) negative

Worksheet on Dividing Integers

Practice the questions given in the worksheet on dividing integers. The

questions are based on dividing one integer with another integer.

I. Divide the following integers:

(i) 39 by -3 (xi) 1728 by -12

(ii) -24 by -3 (xii) -729 by -81

(iii) -24 by +3 (xiii) 98 by 14

(iv) +24 by+ 3 (xiv) -98 by 14

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(v) 0 by + 12 (xv) -98 by -14

(vi) 0 by -72 (xvi) 98 by -14

(vii) +752 by +1 (xvii) 98 by 0

(viii) -85 by +1 (xviii) 0 by 98

(ix) +17 by -1 (ix) – 52 by 0

(x) -480 by -1 (xx) 0 by 0

II. Fill in the blanks:

(i) -168 ÷ 24 = ………. (viii) 45 ÷ (-15) = ……….

(ii) 168 ÷ (-24) = ………. (ix) -55 ÷ (-11) = ……….

(iii) -168 ÷ (-24) = ………. (x) ( -12) ÷ ………. = 4

(iv) –(45/15) = ………. (xi) 41 ÷ ………. = -41

(v) (-125/25) = ………. (xii) (-79) ÷ ………. = 1

(vi) 125/(-25) = ………. (xiii) ………. ÷ 46 = 0

(vii) 0 ÷ 8 = ………. (xiv) ………. ÷ (-25) = 0

III. Evaluate the following:

(i) 45 ÷ 5; (v) 576 ÷ 4

(ii) (-45) ÷ 5; (vi) (-576) ÷ 4

(iii) (-45) ÷ (-5); (vii) 576 ÷ (-4)

(iv) 45 ÷ (-5); (viii) (-576) ÷ (-4)

IV. What will be the sign of the quotient if we divide:

(i) a negative integer by a positive integer.

(ii) a negative integer by a negative integer.

(iii) a positive integer by a positive integer.

(iv) a positive integer by a negative integer.

Answers for the worksheet on dividing integers are given below to check the
exact answers of the above questions on division.

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 Answers:

I. (i) -13 (xi) -144

(ii) 8 (xii) +9

(iii) -8 (xiii) 7

(iv) +8 (xiv) -7

(v) 0 (xv) +7

(vi) 0 (xvi) -7

(vii) +752 (xvii) not-defined

(viii) -85 (xviii) 0

(ix) -17 (xix) not-defined

(x) +480 (xx) not-defined

II. (i) -7 (viii) -3

(ii) -7 (ix) 5

(iii) +7 (x) -3

(iv) -3 (xi) -1

(v) -5 (xii) -1

(vi) -5 (xiii) 0

(vii) 0 (xiv) 0

III. (i) 9 (v) 144

(ii) -9 (vi) -144

(iii) +9 (vii) -144

(iv) -9 (viii) 144

IV. (i) A negative integer. (ii) A positive integer.

(iii) A positive integer. (iv) A negative integer.

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 Worksheet on use of Integers as
Directed Number

Practice the questions given in the worksheet on use of integers as directed

numbers. We know, when numbers represent direction, the numbers are
called directed numbers.

1. If +100 represent a gain of $ 100; what does each of the following

represent:

(i) -18 (ii) +25 (iii) +39 (iv) -52

2. If a rise in temperature by 30° C is represented by +30; what does each

of the following represent:

(i) +50 (ii) 0 (iii) -42 (iv) -29

3. If moving of 16 m due West is given by +16; what is given by:

(i) 72 (ii) -13 (iii) 50 (iv) -27

4. A speed of 3 m/s towards North is represented by +3; what is represented

by:

(i) +7 (ii) -5 (iii) -9 (iv) +12

5. Walking 50 km towards South is denoted by -50; what is denoted by:

(i) +10 (ii) -25 (iii) -60 (iv) +35

6. 25 m below the earth’s surface is given by -25; state, what is given by:

(i) -3 (ii) +10 (iii) +35 (iv) -15

7. If giving of $ 200 is denoted by +200;

(i) Giving of $ 31 will be denoted by __________

(ii) Taking of $ 81 will be denoted by __________

8. A person walks 80 m due North and then 63 m due South. Find his
position with respect to his starting point.

9. The temperature of a body first rises by 20° C and then falls by 27° C.
Find the final temperature of the body, if it’s initial temperature is;

(i) -42° C (ii) 0° C (iii) 33° C

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10. The temperature of a body first falls by 19° C and then rises by 38° C.
Find the final temperature of the body, if it’s initial temperature was;

(i) -65° C (ii) - 19° C (iii) 7° C

Answers for the worksheet on use of integers as directed numbers are given
below to check the exact answers of the above problems on integers.

Answers:

1. (i) Loss of $ 18 (ii) Gain of $ 25 (iii) gain of $ 39 (iv) Loss is $ 52

2. (i) Rise in temperature by 50° C.

(ii) No change in temperature. (iii) Fall in temperature by 42° C

(iv) Fall in temperature by 29° C

3. (i) Moving 72 m due West. (ii) Moving 13 m due East.

(iii) Moving 50 m due West. (iv) Moving 27 m due East.

4. (i) Speed of 7 m/s towards North. (ii) Speed of 5 m/s towards South.

(iii) Speed of 9 m/s towards South. (iv) Speed of 12 m/s towards North.

5. (i) Walking 10 km towards North. (ii) Walking 25 km towards South.

(iii) Walking 60 km towards South. (iv) Walking 35 km towards North.

6. (i) 3 m below the earth’s surface (ii) 10 m above the earth’s surface

(iii) 35 m above the earth’s surface (iv) 15 m below the earth’s surface

7. (i) +31 (ii) -81

8. 17 m due North

9. (i) -49° C (ii) -7° C (iii) 26° C

10. (i) -46° C (ii) 0° C (iii) 26° C

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