ENGLISH EXAM FRAMEWORK

Read the text and answer the questions!

TEXT 1
Physical activity plays a crucial role in promoting overall health and well-being.
In this exposition,
we will delve into the significance of regular exercise and its impact on
maintaining physical
health.
Firstly, exercise has been proven to reduce the risk of various chronic diseases,
including heart
disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. Regular physical activity
strengthens the heart,
improves blood circulation, and helps maintain healthy blood pressure levels.
Additionally,
exercise aids in controlling body weight by burning calories and boosting
metabolism, reducing
the risk of obesity and its associated health complications.
Furthermore, engaging in regular exercise is essential for maintaining strong
muscles and bones.
Weight-bearing exercises, such as walking, running, and resistance training, help
build and
maintain bone density, reducing the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
Additionally, strength
training exercises improve muscle strength and endurance, enhancing overall
physical
performance and reducing the risk of injury.
In conclusion, the importance of regular exercise in maintaining physical health
cannot be
overstated. Incorporating physical activity into daily routines not only reduces
the risk of chronic
diseases but also promotes overall well-being and quality of life.
QUESTION FORM
What has exercise been proven to reduce the risk of?
a. Chronic diseases
b. Mental health disorders
c. Physical injuries
d. Weight gain
TEXT 2
Air pollution is a growing concern in cities globally, with emissions from various
sources affecting
both the environment and public health. The primary contributors include vehicle
exhaust fumes
and pollutants from industrial activities. To address this issue, there is a need
for sustainable
transportation solutions and stricter regulations.
The exhaust fumes from vehicles release harmful pollutants like carbon monoxide and
nitrogen
oxides, leading to a decline in air quality. This, in turn, poses health risks such
as respiratory
problems for residents. Similarly, industrial activities release pollutants like
particulate matter and
volatile organic compounds, impacting both the environment and public health
negatively. Cleaner
production technologies and stricter emission standards are vital in mitigating
these effects.
In conclusion, tackling air pollution requires a combined effort from individuals
and governments.
Sustainable transportation methods and cleaner industrial practices can contribute
to a healthier
environment.
QUESTION FORM
What is suggested as a solution to address air pollution in the text?
a. Encouraging the use of more vehicles
b. Reducing regulations on industrial emissions
c. Implementing cleaner production technologies
d. Ignoring the impact of air pollution on health
e. Promoting deforestation for economic development

Read the text and answer the questions!

TEXT 3
"The Importance of Vaccination in the Fight Against COVID-19"
COVID-19, also known as the coronavirus, has had a profound impact on our world
since its
emergence in late 2019. As the pandemic continues to disrupt our lives, the role of
vaccination in
combating this virus cannot be overstated. In this exposition, we will explore the
significance of
widespread vaccination and its critical role in controlling the spread of COVID-19.
First and foremost, vaccines have been a cornerstone of public health for
centuries. They have
eradicated deadly diseases, such as smallpox and polio, and have protected
individuals and
communities from outbreaks. The development of COVID-19 vaccines, while rapid, is a
testament
to the advancements in medical science. These vaccines have been rigorously tested
and proven to
be safe and effective in preventing severe illness and death.
Furthermore, achieving herd immunity is only possible through widespread
vaccination. Herd
immunity occurs when a significant portion of the population becomes immune to a
disease,
making it difficult for the virus to spread. With COVID-19, reaching herd immunity
is essential to
ending the pandemic. Vaccination not only protects individuals but also contributes
to the safety
of those who cannot receive vaccines, such as individuals with certain medical
conditions.
Critics argue that vaccines carry risks, but the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination
far outweigh the
risks. The risks of severe illness, long-term health complications, and death
associated with
COVID-19 are much higher than any potential side effects of the vaccine.
Vaccination is a
responsible and ethical choice to protect oneself and others.
In conclusion, the importance of COVID-19 vaccination in the fight against the
pandemic cannot
be emphasized enough. Widespread vaccination is our most effective tool in
controlling the virus's
spread, preventing severe illness, and ultimately ending this global crisis.
QUESTION FORM
Why is the COVID-19 vaccine considered safe?
a. Because there have been no trials
b. Because the risks of this vaccine are very high
c. Because it has been rigorously tested and proven to be safe
d. Because there are no risks involved
TEXT 4
The Importance of Renewable Energy
The world is facing a pressing challenge in the form of climate change, largely
driven by
the burning of fossil fuels for energy. This not only contributes to global warming
but
also leads to various environmental and health hazards. Renewable energy sources
offer a
promising solution to mitigate these issues, providing clean and sustainable
alternatives.
The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, for energy generation is a major
contributor to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. These emissions include
carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, which not only degrade air
quality
but also contribute significantly to global warming and climate change.
Additionally, the
extraction and transportation of fossil fuels can lead to environmental degradation
and
ecological disturbances.
Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, offer a
cleaner
and more sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Solar energy, derived from
sunlight, can
be captured using photovoltaic panels and converted into electricity without
producing
harmful emissions. Similarly, wind energy, harnessed through wind turbines,
provides a
clean and abundant source of power without depleting natural resources or polluting
the
environment. Hydroelectric power, generated by harnessing the energy of flowing
water,
also offers a renewable and reliable source of electricity.
Transitioning to renewable energy not only helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions
and
combat climate change but also promotes environmental sustainability and public
health.
By investing in renewable energy infrastructure and technologies, countries can
create
jobs, stimulate economic growth, and improve energy security while safeguarding the
planet for future generations.
In conclusion, the adoption of renewable energy sources is essential for addressing
the
challenges of climate change and air pollution. By transitioning away from fossil
fuels
towards clean and sustainable alternatives, we can build a greener and healthier
future for
all.
QUESTION FORM
What are the primary contributors to climate change and environmental hazards
discussed in the text?
a. Industrial waste and deforestation
b. Burning of fossil fuels for energy
c. Agricultural practices and soil erosion
d. Noise pollution and urbanization
e. Waste disposal and landfill emissions
Read the text carefully and answer the questions!
TEXT 5
A Camping Adventure
Last summer, my friends and I embarked on a camping adventure by the serene
riverbanks. It was
a magical experience that unfolded with excitement and unforgettable moments.We
began our
journey by setting up our campsite surrounded by towering trees and the gentle
murmur of the
river. As the sun dipped below the horizon, we gathered around the campfire, the
crackling flames
casting a warm glow on our faces. Roasting marshmallows became a cherished ritual,
accompanied
by joyous laughter and shared tales of past camping escapades.
As the night deepened, the sky transformed into a canvas of twinkling stars. We lay
on our sleeping
bags, gazing up in awe at the vastness above. The soothing sounds of nature, from
the hooting
owls to the distant rustling of leaves, provided a lullaby that serenaded us into a
peaceful slumber.
Waking up to the first light of dawn was enchanting. The morning air carried the
scent of damp
earth and the promise of a new day. Birds chirped harmoniously, welcoming us to the
beauty of
nature's awakening. We spent the day exploring the surrounding woods, dipping our
toes in the
refreshing river, and basking in the simplicity of the natural world.
This camping adventure etched lasting memories in our hearts. It was not just an
escape into nature
but a journey of camaraderie, self-discovery, and a profound appreciation for the
tranquility that
the great outdoors offers.
QUESTION FORM
What elements contributed to the enchanting atmosphere during the night of the
camping
adventure? (Choose more than one answer)
a) The glow of fireflies in the moonlight
b) The crackling flames of the campfire
c) The sound of distant thunderstorms
d) The aroma of freshly baked bread
e) The rhythmic drumming of tribal music

State whether the following statements is True or False and give check mark about
the text (√)
No
1.

Statement
True
The camping adventure took place in a desert
landscape with vast dunes.

False

Read the text carefully and answer the questions!

TEXT 6
The Importance of Reading
I personally think that reading is an important activity in our life. Why do I say
so?
Firstly, by reading we can get a lot of information about many things in the world
such as science,
technology, sports, arts and culture. Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news
and knowledge
about something happening in any part of the world which we can see directly.
Thirdly, reading can give us pleasure. When we are tired, we can read books,
newspapers or
magazines on the entertainment column such as short stories, comedies or quizzes to
make us
relax.
Fourthly, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book
about Irian Jaya
we may feel that we’re really sitting in the jungles, not at home in our rooms.
Based on the facts
above, it is obvious that everyone needs to read books, newspapers, magazines or
others to get
knowledge, news, information and also entertainment. In other words, we can say
reading is truly
important in our life.
QUESTION FORM
According to the text, what are some of the categories of information that can be
obtained through
reading?
a) Only science and technology
b) Science, technology, sports, arts, and culture
c) Only arts and culture
d) Only sports and technology
e) None of the above

Read the text carefully and answer the questions!

TEXT 7
Indonesia’s Reformation
For more than 30 years, Indonesia was governed by Suharto as the president after
the era of
President Soekarno. As the people started to feel injustice, several cracks emerged
that shook the
political condition. Political tensions in the capital city increased by the
numerous riots that
occurred in several cities and violent ethnic clashes.
The government became unstable and struggled as a monetary crisis hit Asia in the
second half of
1997. Indonesia suffered the most. Prices rose massively and many businesses went
bankrupt. As
the economy fell down, people got angry and protests occurred everywhere. The
protests became
bigger and riots started in many parts of Indonesia.
During the monetary crisis, Suharto could maintain his position as president when
he was reelected in March 1998. However, Suharto did not do anything that could
help the economy. As the
government seemed helpless in bringing the economy back, people demanded President
Suharto
to step down.
Demonstrations were held everywhere and it became the peak with the Trisakti
incident on 12
May 1998. Four students were shot to death when demonstrating at Trisakti
University at Jakarta
and 9 students were killed at Semanggi. The incident led to huge riots in Jakarta
and various cities
all over Indonesia.
Finally, Suharto was pushed to step down and the reformation era began in
Indonesia.
QUESTION FORM
What were the factors contributing to the political unrest during Indonesia's
Reformation? (Choose
more than two answers)
a) Riots in several cities
b) Violent ethnic clashes
c) Monetary crisis in Asia
d) Suharto's effective economic policies
e) Stable government
TEXT 8
Radio
Radio People in the past were familiar with listening to the information channel
invented by
Guglielmo Marconi. This radio is a communication medium that is used until now
because it has
no pictures and only sounds audio. Interestingly, there are various forms that will
make it easier
for anyone to carry a radio to accompany them daily. Some radios are as small as
mobile phones,
some are large, but not as big as televisions. In the example of a description text
about a radio, it
will be seen that the colors of the radio are generally gray and black.
Currently there are many other colors such as red, yellow, green and others that
can be applied to
the external appearance of the radio. The many attractive color choices can make
radio fans happy
to enjoy it. Various radio channels at this time have been very developed with a
variety of
capabilities. In addition, the voice actors on the radio are also not monotonous
men.
There are also women who host radio shows. Then, the clarity of the sound on the
radio is affected
by the signal. On classic radios, there is an antenna that can be pulled to find
the right signal. The
typical shape of the radio is oval and elongated, there is also a rectangular box.
You can imagine
radio with classic to modern models is almost the same. There are holes in the
radio design to let
the sound out. So, there is no radio without a hole, because it needs a place to
output the incoming
audio.
Everything that is heard on the radio seems more interesting than on a cell phone
or television.
The announcer's melodious voice seemed to bring his listeners to feel what was
being discussed.
The uniqueness of this object that can only be heard is very impressive.
QUESTION FORM

What are the typical colors mentioned in the description text for the external
appearance of radios?
(Choose more than one answers)
a) Gray and black
b) Red, yellow, and green
c) Blue and white
d) Pink and purple
e) Orange and brown
TEXT 9
Flexible Screen Tecnology
In the future, the mobile phone will be our flexible friend. It will be able to
change shape to
tell us when we receive a message. A model called MorePhone has been created by
scientists at
the Human Media Lab in Canada. It’s based on flexible plastic technology developed
in Cambridge
in the UK by an organisation called Plastic Logic. Rachel Lichten, who works at
Plastic Logic,
describes how the scientists there have developed a process for manufacturing
flexible plastic
displays which are as thin as paper. They copy the appearance of writing on paper
and use a type
of plastic to create layers of electronic transistors.
The flexible screens can be any size, and are easy to read in direct sunlight. They
can be black
and white or colour and are very thin and light – Lichten says you can even jump on
them. They
use very little power, so there is no need for large batteries, and this makes them
easy to carry
around. Lichten says this technology could be used for heart monitoring, smart-
watches, second
screens for mobile phones – because the image does not disappear, your phone can
keep your
boarding card details for a flight for FORM even when your phone’s battery is
dying. Plastic Logic
is also working with a Japanese company who make giant electronic signs.
Plastic Logic have spent 13 years developing this new technology. Their challenge
now is to
help customers to think of new ways to use it. Lichten says it is always the same
with new
technologies. She says ‘bringing new technology to the market is a challenge,
especially because
it is revolutionary.
QUESTION FORM
According to Rachel Lichten, how thin are the flexible plastic displays developed
by scientists at
Plastic Logic?
a) As thick as a book
b) As thin as paper
c) As thick as a smartphone
d) As thin as a pencil
e) As thick as cardboard

State whether the following statements is True or False and give check mark about
the text (√)
No
Statement
True
False
1.
The MorePhone model is based on metal technology.
TOP 50 VOCABULARIES (FOR EXAM)
1. herd immunity
2. pandemic
3. Vehicle exhaust
4. Contribute
5. Implement
6. deadly diseases
7. resistance
8. conclusion
9. enchanting atmosphere
10. flame
11. distant thunderstorms
12. marshmallows
13. surrounding woods
14. tale
15. thunder
16. primary impact
17. climate change
18. polar bears
19. habitat
20. Expansion
21. rising temperatures
22. Melting
23. Decline
24. Decrease
25. Environment
26. Advancements
27. Artificial intelligence
28. Smart devices
29. Healthcare
30. Statement
31. renewable energy
32. Quantum computing
33. technological evolution
34. devices
35. obtain
36. culture
37. short stories
38. benefits
39. crash
40. Injuries
41. Endanger
42. Event
43. Motorcycle accident
44. Violent ethnic clashes
45. Demand
46. economic hardship
47. external appearance
48. development
49. shape
50. Flexible