Analysis and Design of

3D RC Building
Using SAP2000

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Analysis and Design of

3D RC Building
Using SAP2000
Table of Content
Objective................................................................................................................................................3

Problem .................................................................................................................................................3

Modeling, Dynamic Analysis of RC Building .....................6

Step-by-Step Solution .........................................................................................................................6

1. Start Model from Template................................................................................ 6

2. Define Material Properties................................................................................. 8

3. Define Frame Sections....................................................................................... 9

4. Define Slab Sections........................................................................................ 12

5. Define Load Cases ........................................................................................... 13

6. Modify Frame .................................................................................................. 14

7. Copy Floor 1 to Floor 2-5 ................................................................................ 18

8. Assign Slab Loads ........................................................................................... 19

9. Assign Beam Loads ......................................................................................... 20

10. Assign Dynamic Loads................................................................................ 21

11. Start Analysis............................................................................................... 21

Analysis and Design of 3D RC Building

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Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling, dynamic analy-
sis and design of 5 story reinforced concrete building.

Problem
Part A:

Carry out the modeling, dynamic analysis and design of 5 story rein-
forced concrete building subjected to static loads (UBC94 response spec-
trum load in Y direction).

Material Properties
Strength of concrete (Fc’) = 4 ksi
Yield strength of main reinforcement (Fy) = 60 ksi
Yield strength of shear reinforcement (Fys) = 60 ksi
Young Modulus of concrete ( Ec) = 3600 ksi

Loading

Load Cases Type Details

DEAD Dead load Use Self Weight Multiplier

Slabs: 35 psf
SUPERDL Dead load
Beams: 250 plf
LIVE Live load Slab: 100 psf

UBC94 response spectrum

SPEC1 (for Part B) Dynamic load
in Y direction

Slab Section
Reinforced concrete solid slab, thickness = 6 inch

Frame Sections

20" 24"

20" 12"

C olum n B eam
(C 1) (B 1)

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3D View of the building

Plan and Elevation View

Plan View at Roof Foor
A B C D

20' 20' 20'

C1 C1 C1
1

B1 B1
B1

B1

B1
20'

C1 C1 C1 C1
2

B1 B1 B1
B1

B1

B1

B1
20'

C1 C1 C1 C1
3

B1 B1 B1
B1

B1

B1

B1
20'

C1 C1 C1
4

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Elevation At Grid Lines 2, 3, 4, A, B and C

20' 20' 20'

Story 5 B1 B1 B1
12'
C1 C1 C1 C1
Story 4 B1 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1 C1
Story 3 B1 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1 C1
Story 2 B1 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1 C1
Story 1 B1 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1 C1
Base

Elevation at Grid Line 1 and D

20' 20'

Story 5 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1
Story 4 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1
Story 3 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1
Story 2 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1
Story 1 B1 B1
12'

C1 C1 C1
Base

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Modeling, Dynamic Analysis of RC Building

Step-by-Step Solution
1. Start Model from Template
Only one floor frame will be created by template and will be copied to the
remaining floors after started floor has been modified already.

Step 1-1: Start SAP2000 by clicking on the appropriate desktop shortcut or by selecting
sAP2000 from your Windows Start menu. Select “Kip-in” from drop-down menu box in bot-
tom-right screen. Go to File > New Model from Template and select space frame template
as shown in above figure.

Step 1-2: Specify parameter as shown in above figure and click “OK”.

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Step 1-3: After clicking OK, SAP2000 creates space frame based on the parame-
ters specified in the previous step and displays in “Plan View” and “3-D View” win-
dow.

Step 1-4: Save the project by clicking on or File > Save from main menu, enter
File name = "SAP2000_ex06" and click Save.

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2. Define Material Properties

Default concrete material (“CONC”) has been used for this example.

Step 2-1: Go to Define > Material Properties in main menu. Select CONC and
click on Modify/Show Material to view/revise the material properties.

Step 2-2: Accept the default properties by clicking Cancel or OK 2 times

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3. Define Frame Sections

2 concrete frame sections (“B1” for rectangular beams and “C1” for cir-
cle columns) need to be defined for this example. Check the dimen-
sions at Problem Statement part at the beginning of the example.

Step 3-1: Go to Define > Frame Sections in main menu to start frame section
definition properties editor. Select “Add Rectangular” from second drop-down menu
to add rectangular beam.

Step 3-2: Enter “B1” as Section Name as shown in the above figure and accept the
other data. Click on Reinforcement to specify reinforcement data.

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Step 3-3: Select Design Type = “Beam” and click OK 2 times to go back to “Define
Frame Properties” window.

Step 3-4: The “Define Frame Sections” window shows “B1” section added in the
list. Select “Add Circle” from second drop-down menu to add column section.

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Step 3-5: Enter “C1” section properties as shown in above figure, accept other data
and click on Reinforcement button to specify reinforcement data.

Step 3-6: In Design Type area select Design Type = “Column”. Clicking OK 2
times to finish this step.

Step 3-7: Define Frame Properties dialogue shows “C1” section in list. Click OK to
go back to main screen, which completes the Frame Section Definition steps.

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4. Define Slab Sections

Step 4-1: Go to Define > Shell Sections menu command. Click on “Add New Sec-
tion” and enter Section Name and Thickness. Click on “OK”.

Step 4-2: The “Define Shell Sections” window shows “SLAB1” section added in the
list. Click on “OK” to end this step.

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5. Define Load Cases

Step 5-1: Go to Define > Static Load Cases. 1 load case named “LOAD1” has
been defined as default. Enter Load = “DL” and click “Change Load” to change load
case name.

Step 5-2: Define “LL” load case by entering parameter as shown in above figure
and clicking “Add New Load”.

Step 5-3: Enter parameter as shown in above figure to add “SUPERDL” load case
and click “Add New Load”. Click “OK” to end this step.

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6. Modify Frame

Step 6-1 Delete 2 Beams and 1 Column at Corner: Close “X-Y” View window by
clicking on at the top-right of this window. Click on 2 beams and 1 column at the
corner as shown in above figure (selection status will display “3 Frames selected”
and click on “Delete” at the keyboard.

Step 6-2 Add Shell Sections: Change view to “X-Y” view by clicking on . Select
and click on slab area one by one.

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Step 6-3 Assign Shell Section Property: Click on and draw selection rectangu-
lar to cover all model (selection status = “15 Joints, 22 Frames, 8 Shells selected”),
click on and select “SLAB1” and click “OK”. “SLAB1” property will be assigned in
every slab panel. Click on to return to normal display mode.

Step 6-4 Assign “B1” Frame Section Property: Click on to get previous selec-
tion. Click on , select “B1” and click on “OK”.

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Step 6-5 Select all Columns: Change view to “3-D” view by clicking on . In “3-D”
View shows all columns are “FSEC1” section property as default from template. Go
to Select > Select > Frame Sections, select “FSEC1” and click “Ok”.

Step 6-6 Assign “C1” Section Property: Click on , select “B1” and click on
“OK”.

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Step 6-7 Mesh Slab Areas: Click on to select all members in model and go to
Edit > Mesh Shells. Enter Mesh into “4” by “4” Shells and click “OK”.

Step 6-8 Divide Frame Elements: Click on to select all members in model and
go to Edit > Divide Frames. Select “Break at intersections with selected Frames
and Joints” and click “OK”.

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7. Copy Floor 1 to Floor 2-5

Step 7-1: Click on to select all members in model and go to Edit > Replicate.
Enter Z = “144”, Number = “4” and click “OK”.

Step 7-2: Click on to remove all section labels

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8. Assign Slab Loads

Step 8-1 Select All Slab Panels: Change working unit to “lb-ft”.

Step 8-2 Assign “LL” load for Slabs: click on to select all members. Click on
, enter parameter as shown above figure and click “OK”. (load value will be posi-
tive for downward in “Gravity” direction.

Step 8-3 Assign “LL” load for Slabs: click on to select all members. Click on
, enter parameter as shown above figure and click “OK”. (load value will be posi-
tive for downward in “Gravity” direction.

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9. Assign Beam Loads

Step 9-1 Select All Beams: Go to Select > Select > Frame Sections, select “B1”
and click “OK”.

Step 9-2 Assign Uniform Beam Loads: Click on , enter parameter as shown in
above figure and click “OK”.

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10. Assign Dynamic Loads

Step 10-1: Go to Define > Response Spectrum Cases and click on “Add New
Spectra”. Enter parameter as shown in above figure and click “OK” 2 times.

11. Start Analysis

Step 11-1: Start analysis by clicking and wait until analysis status report
“ANALYSIS COMPLETE”

Note: Viewing Analysis Results, Carrying Out Design, Viewing Design

Results and Printing Input/ Output Procedures are same as Previous Ex-
ample

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