Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2025 00-7-13
2025 00-7-13
수능특강
13_1.
In his 1967 book. Coopersmith first noticed a positive relationship between
self-esteem levels in mothers and their children. But Bednar. Wells,
and Peterson made considerable use of this factor by pointing out that
parents actually show their children the route to self-esteem by how they
handle their own challenges, conflicts, and issues. The impact of parents’
behavior upon the child’s self-esteem is undeniable; given the immaturity
of children, however, parents’ expression of their own resolution of the
self-esteem question is far more influential than what they teach verbally.
Parents who face life’s challenges honestly and openly and who attempt
to cope with difficulties instead of avoiding them thereby expose their
children early to a pro-self-esteem problem-solving strategy. Those who
avoid dealing with difficulties reveal a negative route for handling the
challenges and problems of life. Either way, it is important to remember
that modeling helps set the stage for healthy self-esteem or problems with
it.
2 h3_2025_수특영어
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7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. Verbal instructions from parents are the most crucial factor in
developing a child’s self-esteem.
B. Parents’ behaviors have an undeniable impact on their children’s self-
esteem.
C. Modeling behavior sets the stage for either healthy self-esteem or
problems with it in children.
D. Coopersmith was the first to notice the relationship between parents’
and children’s self-esteem levels.
E. Handling personal challenges well can teach children a positive
approach to problem-solving.
3 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_2.
Several different strategies will be used to get us to buy. For new products,
marketers want to motivate us to try their product, so the job is to advertise
it as much as possible to get the word out. With an established product,
marketers will either want us to try it again (reminder advertising), or they
may try to get us to consume more of their product.
A good way to do this is to provide new uses. One brand of baking soda
is a good example. After women entered the job market en masse in the
1960s and there was less time for baking, the company promoted using
the product to keep the freezer and refrigerator smelling clean — and
to change the box every three months. Or when women started earning
significant salaries and getting married later, the diamond industry started
selling diamond rings to women, claiming that the left hand is for “we” and
the right is for “me.’’
4 h3_2025_수특영어
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7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. New uses for products are a strategy to increase consumer
consumption.
B. Reminder advertising is a tactic for established products.
C. The diamond industry adapted its marketing to changes in women’s
socio-economic status.
D. Marketers only use traditional methods to promote established
products.
E. Advertising strategies vary depending on whether the product is new or
established.
5 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_3.
When kids feel forced to do things - or are too tightly regulated in the way
they do things - they’re likely to become less interested in what they’re
doing and less likely to stick with something challenging. In an intriguing
experiment, parents were invited to sit on the floor next to their very young
children - not even two years old - who were playing with toys. Some of
the parents immediately took over the task or barked out instructions (“Put
the block in. No. not there. There!”). Others were content to let their kids
explore, providing encouragement and offering help only when it was
needed. Later, the babies were given something else to play with, this time
without their parents present. It turned out that, once they were on their
own, those who had controlling parents were apt to give up more easily
rather than trying to figure out how the new toy worked.
2. How does being too tightly regulated affect children according to the
passage?
A. It enhances their creativity and problem-solving skills.
B. It makes them more interested in the tasks at hand.
C. It leads to a decrease in their interest and likelihood to persist in
challenges.
D. It improves their ability to follow instructions.
E. It has no significant impact on their development.
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4. What behavior did the parents exhibit that allowed their children to
explore freely?
A. Constantly correcting their children’s actions.
B. Ignoring their children’s playtime entirely.
C. Giving their children rewards for completing tasks.
D. Letting their children explore, offering encouragement and help when
needed.
E. Setting strict rules for how to play with the toys and how to respect
others when playing.
6. What does the passage suggest about the effect of parental control on
children’s resilience?
A. High levels of control increase children’s resilience.
B. Moderate levels of control have the best outcome on children’s
resilience.
C. A lack of parental control leads to the highest resilience.
D. Excessive control may decrease a child’s willingness to face challenges.
E. Parental control has no effect on resilience according to the study.
7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. Encouraging independence in children can influence their problem-
solving behavior.
B. Controlling parenting styles may hinder a child’s ability to deal with new
challenges.
C. Children of less controlling parents were more persistent when faced
with a new toy.
D. Offering encouragement and necessary help fosters a child’s
exploration and learning.
E. Children benefit from having strict rules during playtime.
7 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_4.
It is critical, as we recreate mutual provision in a sustainable form, that we
keep track of the line between needs and wants. While a permanent place
for people on Earth requires that our needs be met, people gathering
about them selves quantities of unnecessary goods, while others lack food
and shelter, cannot be part of a durable order. A society that oppresses
other people to bloat itself will not stop at undermining foreign nations.
The ethic will express itself with exploitation at home. While ingenuity
and hard work will still lead to improved circumstances as communities
increase their effective use of local resources, when one’s achieved wealth
is at the expense of others, much goodwill, effort and resources will be
lost to resentment, rebellion and repression. A huge bonus is available for
everyone when the focus of development is securing and improving the
quality of life for all.
3. What outcome does the passage warn against in societies that oppress
others for gain?
A. They will likely experience increased prosperity and happiness.
B. They will become more respected on the international stage.
C. They will reduce their overall consumption of resources.
D. They will also exploit their own people eventually.
E. They will achieve sustainable development more quickly.
8 h3_2025_수특영어
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4. What does the passage suggest about wealth achieved at the expense
of others?
A. It is the most effective way to increase a community’s resources.
B. It leads to lost goodwill, effort, and resources due to resentment and
conflict.
C. It should be the primary goal of sustainable development.
D. It enhances the quality of life for all community members.
E. It is rewarded with increased social status and recognition.
7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. Exploitation will not be confined to foreign nations but will also occur
domestically.
B. Distinguishing between needs and wants is crucial for sustainable
provision.
C. Achieved wealth at the expense of others leads to negative societal
outcomes.
D. The development focus should be on improving life quality for veryone.
E. Accumulating unnecessary goods is essential for a sustainable society.
9 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_5.
As Marshall McLuhan suggested so presciently in 1964, “the medium is the
message,” which means that, beyond the content that is conveyed, the
medium itself has an impact by its very nature and unique characteristics.
For example, the use of social media means that we have less need to
interact with others directly. This distancing of communication has real
implications for children’s development. If learning to communicate with
others is a skill that develops with practice, children’s constant use of social
media reduces the experiences they have with which to learn social skills.
McLuhan asserts that we are so focused on the content of the technology
that we neglect to notice the influence of the technology itself on people.
This observation is certainly true today: we focus on what the technology
provides (e.g., video, text messages, social media), but we fail to consider
how the very act of using these advances shapes us.
10 h3_2025_수특영어
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7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. Direct interaction and communication are less affected by the use of
social media.
B. The nature and characteristics of the medium itself impact
communication.
C. Social media usage may lead to a reduction in direct social interactions.
D. Technology’s influence on individuals is often ignored in favor of its
content.
E. McLuhan highlighted the overlooked effects of the medium on society.
11 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_6.
Cities continue to reinvent themselves. In the last few decades, many
have worked to reduce pollution and create appealing modern spaces by
restricting polluting vehicles, encouraging energy-efficient buildings, and
planting trees. In 2020, another impetus for change came in the form of
COVID-19, which saw retail centres empty, businesses send workers home,
and some question whether crowded cities were a safe environment.
Yet cities have responded to changing circumstances in the past.
Through the first kingdoms of Mesopotamia, global expansion, and the
Industrial Revolution, they have evolved to remain at the heart of politics,
economics, and culture. The history of the world is very much a history of
great cities, and whatever future we build, these sites of trade, creativity,
and transformation are likely to be at the heart of it.
12 h3_2025_수특영어
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7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. COVID-19 led to a reevaluation of crowded city environments.
B. Cities have worked to create more modern spaces by planting trees and
encouraging energy efficiency.
C. The future of cities is uncertain due to the challenges they face.
D. Cities have always been quick to adapt to new technological
advancements.
E. Cities have historically evolved through significant periods such as
global expansion and the Industrial Revolution.
13 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_7.
Human cultures seem to be infinitely variable, but in fact that variability
takes place within the boundaries produced by physical and mental
capacities. Human languages, for example, are tremendously diverse,
differing in sound, grammar, and semantics. But all are dependent upon
what appears to be a uniquely human capacity and predisposition for
learning languages. While the range of sounds used in human languages
extends from clicks and pops to guttural stops, the distinctive speech
sounds that are meaningful in all the languages of the world are but a
fraction of the sounds it is possible for humans to make. Another way that
we might observe the intricate relationship between the culturally specific
and the universal is in the way an American boy and his Mixtec friends
might react emotionally, even instinctively, to bee larvae and onion soup:
whether they feel delight or disgust is determined by the way they learn
to perceive food, but delight and disgust seem to be basic and universal
human reactions to food.
14 h3_2025_수특영어
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4. How is the relationship between the culturally specific and the universal
illustrated in the passage?
A. Through the universal adoption of a single language.
B. Through the uniformity of grammatical structures in all languages.
C. By the universal preference for certain types of music.
D. Through the global distribution of physical and mental capacities.
E. By comparing the emotional reactions of individuals from different
cultures to food.
5. What determines whether an American boy and his Mixtec friends feel
delight or disgust toward certain foods?
A. Their inherent preferences at birth.
B. The physical taste of the food itself.
C. The way they learn to perceive food culturally.
D. The nutritional value of the food.
E. The availability of food in their respective cultures.
7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. Cultural learning influences perceptions of food.
B. Human cultures operate within certain universal boundaries.
C. Emotional reactions to food can be both culturally specific and
universally human.
D. The capacity for language is a uniquely human trait.
E. All human languages utilize the same range of sounds.
15 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_08.
Think about what happens in a standard scientific experiment to find
out how a certain laundry detergent bleaches. In normal use, there are
several factors that may cause the detergent to act in a certain way. These
will include its active ingredients, the type and temperature of the water
in which the ingredients are mixed, the materials being cleaned and the
machinery - if any - used to do the laundry. Any experiment that could
hope to discover what caused bleaching would have to be devised in such
a way as to ensure that the crucial factors were properly isolated from the
other variables. So if, for exam ple, the hypothesis is that it is the chlorine
that does the bleaching, the experiment needs to show that if all the other
factors remain the same, the presence or absence of the chlorine will
determine whether the laundry detergent bleaches.
16 h3_2025_수특영어
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7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. Scientific experiments can identify the specific cause of bleaching in
laundry detergents.
B. Isolating crucial factors is necessary for determining the cause of
bleaching.
C. The hypothesis suggests chlorine is responsible for the detergent’s
bleaching effect.
D. The effectiveness of laundry detergent is solely based on the type of
water used.
E. Various factors contribute to the way laundry detergent acts during use.
17 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_9.
AI’s effects on human knowledge are paradoxical. On the one hand,
AI intermediaries can navigate and analyze bodies of data vaster than
the unaided human mind could have previously imagined. On the
other, this power - the ability to engage with vast bodies of data -
may also accentuate forms of manipulation and error. AI is capable of
exploiting human passions more effectively than traditional propaganda.
Having tailored itself to individual preferences and instincts, AI draws
out responses its creator or user desires. Similarly, the deployment of
AI intermediaries may also amplify inherent biases, even if these AI
intermediaries are technically under human control. The dynamics of
market competition prompt social media platforms and search engines
to present information that users find most compelling. As a result,
information that users are believed to want to see is prioritized, distorting
a representative picture of reality. Much as technology accelerated the
speed of information production and dissemination in the nineteenth
and twentieth centuries, in this era, information is being altered by the
mapping of AI onto dissemination processes.
18 h3_2025_수특영어
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7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. AI’s ability to engage with vast bodies of data can accentuate
manipulation and error.
B. AI eliminates all forms of manipulation and error in data analysis.
C. AI has the potential to exploit human passions more effectively than
traditional propaganda.
D. Market competition affects how information is presented to users by AI.
E. AI can amplify inherent biases, even under human control.
19 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_10.
It is not a coincidence that children turn out like their parents. From the
moment you come into the world, your mother and your father are your
role models. As little girls grow, they try on their mother’s clothes, put on
her make-up, and pretend to be her. When little boys come of age, they
play with their father’s tools and try to build or fix something for real. The
truth of the matter is that children look up to their parents as mentors.
They praise them and hold them in high regard. The greatest compliment
they can give their parents as they grow is to turn out just like them. If you
stop to take a personal inventory, you may find that you are much like
those that you emulate. A parent, a coach, a teacher, or a leader all leave
their mark on the final package with your name on it. When you look in the
mirror, you may see one or all of them in the reflection.
20 h3_2025_수특영어
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7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. Children often imitate their parents and see them as mentors.
B. Role models can include parents, coaches, and teachers.
C. Emulating parents is seen as a form of compliment by children.
D. Children are unaffected by their parents’ behaviors and actions.
E. Individuals may see reflections of their role models in themselves.
21 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_11.
We are ail familiar with battles between reason and desire. Socrates asks
whether there are thirsty people who don’t wish to drink. Indeed there
are. (A sign on a faucet that reads “nonpotable water, do not drink” won’t
take away a person’s thirst, but she won’t want to drink there.) Yet there
is something paradoxical about this: the word “thirsty” means “wishes to
drink.” So we are imagining people who wish to drink and do not wish to
drink. How could that be? “It is obvious that the same thing will not be
willing to do or undergo opposites in the same part of itself, in relation to
the same thing, at the same time. So, if we ever find this happening in the
soul, we’ll know that we aren’t dealing with one thing but many.” In other
words, since no one thing can both wish to drink and not wish to drink (in
the same way at the same time), no one thing can have both of those two
characteristics; we thus manage this by being more than one: one pail of
the soul wishes to drink, and another does not wish to drink.
22 h3_2025_수특영어
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4. What does the phrase “nonpotable water, do not drink” exemplify in the
passage?
A. A universal solution to thirst.
B. An instance where reason overrides the desire to drink.
C. The effectiveness of public health campaigns.
D. A common misunderstanding about water safety and public health.
E. The irrelevance of signs in making decisions.
5. What conclusion can be drawn about the nature of the soul according
to Socrates?
A. It is uniform and unchanging.
B. It is incapable of experiencing conflict.
C. It is singular in its desires and actions.
D. It is composed of parts with potentially opposing desires.
E. It is unaffected by external factors like signs.
7. Which statement does NOT align with the contents of the passage?
A. It’s possible for someone to experience conflicting desires regarding
drinking.
B. Socrates discusses the complexity of human desires and reason.
C. The soul is described as having more than one part to explain
conflicting desires.
D. Conflicting desires within an individual suggest the existence of multiple
aspects of the soul.
E. A sign warning against drinking nonpotable water eliminates the feeling
of thirst.
23 h3_2025_수특영어
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13_12.
Media executives understand that they must think of their audiences as
consumers who buy their products or whom they sell to advertisers. The
complaining individual might be successful in getting the content changed
or even removed if he or she convinces the media executives that they
might otherwise lose a substantia] portion of their target market. But an
individual’s concern will garner little attention if it is clear that the person
does not belong in the target audience. The editors from Cosmopolitan
magazine, which aims at 20-something single women, for example, are
not likely to follow the advice of an elderly-sounding woman from rural
Kansas who phones to protest what she feels are demeaning portrayals of
women on covers of the magazine that she sees in the supermarket. Yet
the magazine staff might well act favorably if a Cosmopolitan subscriber
writes with a suggestion for a new column that would attract more of the
upscale single women they want as readers.
24 h3_2025_수특영어
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7. Which statement does NOT align with the information provided in the
passage?
A. An elderly woman’s complaint about demeaning portrayals of women is
likely to change Cosmopolitan’s content.
B. Feedback that aligns with a magazine’s target demographic is more
likely to be acted upon.
C. Advertisers play a significant role in the content decision-making
process.
D. An individual’s purchasing power influences their impact on media
content decisions.
E. Suggestions for new content that attracts a desired readership are
valued by magazine staff.
25 h3_2025_수특영어