Teaching Mathematics in the Intermediate Grades | 1

Chapter
Lesson 1 | Prime and Composite Numbers
2 EXERCISES

Name: Rheu S. Quimpan Course/Year& Section: BEED-GE3

Exercise 1 | Write PRIME if so, and COMPOSITE if otherwise. (20 points)

124 -
1. 6. 73 - PRIME
COMPOSITE
77 – 99 –
2. 7.
COMPOSITE COMPOSITE
69 –
3. 8. 61 – PRIME
COMPOSITE
121 –
4. 9. 43 – PRIME
COMPOSITE
5. 59 - PRIME 10. 101 - PRIME

Exercise 2 | Find the prime factorization of the following. Show solution. (15 points)
1. 3 016 -
2. 759
3. 123
4. 1 021
5. 258

Answers/Solutions:
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Exercise 3 | Solve the following. Show solution. (25 points)

1. Donessa celebrated her 20th birthday this January 1, 2020. Give the prime
factorization of 2020.
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2. Jairyll is thinking of a composite number between 60 and 70. The number has prime
factors that have a sum of 12. What is Jairyll’s number?
3. Jhon Regand is reading a 435-page novel. If he reads the same number of pages
per day and the number is a prime number greater than 10, how many pages per
day will he read?
4. The distance between two cities is expressed, in kilometers, as a product of all prime
numbers between 4 and 24 with no factor repeated. What is the distance between
these cities?
5. The area of Mr. Sarrosa’s house and lot in Himamaylan City is 342 square meters. If
the length is a prime number less than 25, then what is the width of the lot?

Answers/Solutions:
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Exercise 4 | Let’s Create. (30 points)

It easy to check if the numbers 2, 4, 7, 33 and 58 are prime or composite using
the help or divisibility criteria. However, with big numbers, it would be difficult and time
consuming.
The Greek mathematician Eratosthenes (3rd Century B.C.E.) designed a quick
way to find all the prime numbers. It’s a process called the Sieve of Eratosthenes.
The idea is to find in the table the multiples of a number which are, therefore,
considered composite. The numbers that are left will be the prime numbers.
The Sieve of Eratosthenes stops when the square of the number we are testing
is greater than the last number on the grid (in our case 100). Since, 11 2 = 121 and 121 >
100, when we get to the number 11, we can stop looking. Follow the procedures below
to find the prime numbers less than 100 using the sieve.
Prime numbers between 1 and 100 with Sieve of Eratosthenes

1. Place the numbers from 1 to 100 in a table like this.

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2. Cross out 1. It is NEITHER prime nor composite.

3. Encircle 2. It is the smallest prime. Highlight its multiples starting with 4. All
highlighted numbers are composite.
4. From the numbers that are left, encircle 3. Highlight its multiples starting with
6. An easy way to do it is by counting in threes.
5. Encircle 5. Highlight its multiples starting with 10.
Why don’t we need to look for the multiples of 4?
Answer:
Because 4 is one of the multiple of 2. Therefore, the multiples of 4 are
expected to be multiple of 2 already. Numbers divisible by 4 are also
divisible by 2.
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What do you observe with multiples of 5?

Answer:
Multiple of 5 are basically divisible by 5. It is noticeable when a number
is a multiple of five because it always ends in 0 or 5. I noticed that they
are composite numbers.

Are there multiples of 6 that are not highlighted yet? Why?

Answer:
None, all of them are already highlighted because 6 is 2x3 so it is
expected that any number that divisible by 6 must be divisible by both 2
and 3 which already highlighted.

6. Encircle 7. Highlight its multiples.

Do we have to look for the multiples of 8, 9, 10? Why?
Answer:
No, because all numbers that divisible by 8 are also divisible by 2 and 4;
every numbers that are divisible by 9 is also divisible by 3; and
numbers divisible by 10 are also divisible by 5.
7. Finally, encircle 11 and highlight its other multiples.
So what are the prime numbers between 1 and 100?
Answer:
The prime numbers between 1 and 100 are the numbers that are
unhighlighted in the graph. These numbers are 2, 3, 5 ,11, 13, 17,23, 29,
31, 37, 41, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97.
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