03

25

HCF AND LCM OF

NUMBERS
Usually (2-3) questions have been asked from this chapter. Generally questions based on LCM and HCF
are related to traffic lights, racitracks, largest size of tile etc. This concept is also useful in the chapters
of time and distance, time and work, pipes and cristerns etc.

FACTORS
If number ‘a’ divides the number b without leaving a remainder, then ‘a’ is said to be the factor of ‘b’.
e.g. (i) 4 is a factor of 16 as 16 = 4 × 4 (ii) 9 is a factor of 729 as 729 = 9 × 9 × 9

Prime Factors
The factors that cannot be again factorized i.e. the factors which are prime numbers are called prime factors.
e.g. (i) 9 is a factor of 729, but 3 is a prime factor of 729.
(ii) 8 and 9 are factors of 72, but 2 and 3 are prime factors of 72.

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

1. Common Multiple A common multiple of two or more numbers is a number which is exactly divisible
(without leaving remainder) by each of them.
e.g. 30 is a common multiple of 2, 3, 5, 6, 10 and 15 because 30 is exactly divisible by each number.
Similarly, 72 is a common multiple of 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12 and 18.
2. Least Common Multiple The least common multiple of two or more given numbers is the least number
which is exactly divisible by all the given numbers.
e.g. 84, 162, 252 are the common multiples of 2, 3, 4, 7. But, 84 is the LCM of 2, 3, 4, 7.

Methods of Finding LCM

1. Prime Factorization Method Write down the given numbers as the product of prime factors. Then, the
LCM is the product of the highest powers of all the prime factors.
26 CDS Pathfinder

EXAMPLE 1. The LCM of 30, 250, 490 is Sol. b. LCM (5, 6, 7, 8) = 840.
a. 46750 b. 36750 Here, R = 3 ⇒ Number is of the form 840 k + 3.
c. 26750 d. None of these Least value of k for which (840 k + 3) when divided by 9
leaves no remainder is 2.
Sol. b. Here, 30 = 2 × 3 × 5
250 = 5 × 5 × 2 × 5 = 2 × 53 ∴Required number = 840 × 2 + 3 = 1683
and 490 = 7 × 7 × 2 × 5 = 2 × 5 × 72
∴ LCM of 30, 250 and 490 = 2 × 53 × 72 × 3 = 36750 Highest Common Factor (HCF)
2. Division Method Write the given number in a row and 1. Common Factor A common factor of two or more
divide them with the common prime divisor. On numbers is a number which divides each of them exactly.
division. Write the quotient in each case below the e.g. 2 is common factor of 2, 10, 20.
number. If any number is not divisible by the
2. Highest Common Factor The Highest Common
respective divisor, then write it as such in the next row. Factor (HCF) of two or more numbers is the largest
Keep on dividing the quotients until you get 1. number that divides all the given numbers exactly. It is
Multiply all the divisors to get the required LCM. also known as Greatest Common Divisor (GCD).
HCF is always a factor of LCM.
EXAMPLE 2. What is the LCM of 120, 144, 160 and
e.g. HCF of the numbers 18 and 24 is 6.
180.
a. 1450 b. 1620 c. 1440 d. 1380 Methods of Finding HCF
Sol. c. 1. HCF by Prime Factorization Write the given number
2 120, 144, 160, 180
as product of prime factors and then find the product
2 60, 72, 80, 90
of least powers of common prime factors. This
2 30, 36, 40, 45
product is the required HCF of given numbers.
3 15, 18, 20, 45
3 5, 3, 10, 15 EXAMPLE 5. The HCF of 65, 75 and 105 is
5 5, 1, 10, 5
a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 8
2 1, 1, 2, 1
1, 1, 1 1 Sol. b. Here, 65 = 13 × 5 , 75 = 5 × 5 × 3
and 105 = 7 × 3 × 5
∴LCM of 120, 144, 160 and 180 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 2 ∴HCF of 65, 75 and 105 = 5
= 1440
2. HCF by Division Method Suppose we have to find
IMPORTANT POINTS the HCF of two given numbers, divide the large
number by the smaller one. Now, you will get the
1. The least number which when divided by x, y and z
leaving the remainders a , b and c , respectively is remainder. Divide the divisor by the remainder. Repeat
given by [LCM of ( x, y , z ) − p ], where this process until no remainder is left, the last divisor
p = ( x − a ) = ( y − b ) = ( z − c ). used in this process is the desired greatest common
2. The least number which when divided by x, y and z divisor i.e. HCF. In order to find the HCF of three
leaving the same remainder R in each case is given numbers, then, HCF of [(HCF of any two) and (third
by [LCM of ( x, y , z ) + R ]. number)] gives the HCF of given three numbers.

EXAMPLE 3. What is the least number which when EXAMPLE 6. The HCF of 204, 1190 and 1445 is
divided by 42, 72 and 84 leaves the remainders 25, 55 a. 85 b. 15 c. 17 d. 75
and 67, respectively?
Sol. c. Here, 1190)1445 (1
a. 521 b. 512 c. 504 d. 487
1190
Sol. d. Here, difference = ( 42 − 25) = (72 − 55) = (84 − 67) = 17
255)1190 (4
Now, LCM (42, 72, 84) = 504
1020
∴ Required number = 504 − 17 = 487
170) 255 (1
EXAMPLE 4. Find the least number which when 170
divided by 5, 6, 7 and 8 leaves a remainder 3 but 85)170 (2
when divided by 9, leaves no remainder. 170
a. 1620 b. 1683 ×
c. 1635 d. 1672 So, HCF of 1190 and 1445 is 85.
MATHEMATICS HCF and L CM of Numbers 27

Now, 85) 204 (2 Sol. a. HCF of numerators i.e. 14, 21 and 7 is 7 and
170 LCM of denominators i.e. 3, 9 and 15 is 45. So, HCF of
7
34) 85 (2 given fractions = .
45
68
17) 34 (2
34
Relation between LCM and
× HCF of Two Numbers
∴ HCF of 85 and 204 is 17.
Product of two numbers = (Their HCF) × (Their LCM)
Hence, HCF of 204,1190 and 1145 is 17.
EXAMPLE 10. The LCM of two numbers is 90 times
IMPORTANT POINTS their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 1456. If one of
the numbers is 160, then what is the other number?
1. For integers x, y and z , if HCF (x, y) = 1 and e 2014 II
HCF (x, z) = 1, then HCF of ( x, y , z ) is always 1.
a. 120 b. 136 c. 144 d. 184
2. The greatest number that will divide x, y and z leaving
Sol. c. Let the HCF of two numbers be x.
remainders a , b and c , respectively is given by HCF of
LCM of two numbers be 90x.
( x − a ), ( y − b ), ( z − c ).
According to the question,
3. The greatest number that will divide x, y and z leaving
the same remainder in each case is given by [HCF of LCM + HCF = 1456
| x − y | , | y − z | , | z − x |] ⇒ 90x + x = 1456
⇒ 91 x = 1456
EXAMPLE 7. Find the greatest number which will ⇒ x = 16
divide 400, 435 and 541 leaving 9,10 and 14 as ∴ HCF of two numbers = 16
remainders respectively. and LCM of two numbers = 90 × 16 = 1440
a. 19 b. 17 c. 13 d. 9 e 2014 I We know that,
Sol. b Required number = HCF of (400-9, 435-10, 541-14) LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers
= HCF of (391, 425, 527) = 17
⇒ 1440 × 16 = 160 × Second number
EXAMPLE 8. For any integers ‘a’ and ‘b’ with HCF 1440 × 16
∴Second number = = 144
(a, b) = 1, what is HCF (a + b, a − b) equal to? 160
a. It is always 1 b. It is always 2 e 2014 I
c. Either 1 or 2 d. None of these EXAMPLE 11. What is the greatest number that
Sol. c. Put arbitrary values of a and b.
divides 13850 and 17030 and leaves a remainder 17?
Illustration 1 Let a = 9 and b = 8. a. 477 b. 159 c. 107 d. 87 e 2012 II
∴ HCF (8 + 9, 9 − 8) ⇒ HCF (17, 1) = 1 Sol. b. Required number = HCF of (13850 − 17), (17030 − 17)
Illustration 2 Let a = 23 and b = 17. = HCF of (13833, 17013) = 159

∴ HCF (17 + 23, 23 − 17) ⇒ HCF ( 40, 6) = 2 EXAMPLE 12. There are three drums with 1653 litre
Hence, HCF (a + b, a − b) can either be 1 or 2. 2261 litre and 2527 litre of petrol. The greatest
possible size of the measuring vessel with which we
How to Calculate LCM and can measure the petrol of any drum while every time
HCF of Fractions the vessel must be completely filled is
a. 31 b. 27 c. 19 d. 41
The LCM and HCF of fractions can be obtained from Sol. c. The maximum capacity of the vessel = HCF of 1653,
the following formula 2261 and 2527 = 19
HCF of numerators
1. HCF of fractions =
LCM of denominators EXAMPLE 13. John, Kate and smith at same time,
same point and in same direction to run around a
LCM of numerators
2. LCM of fractions = circular in 150 seconds. Find after what time will they
HCF of denominators meet again?
14 21 7 a. 30 min b. 25 min c. 20 min d. 15 min
EXAMPLE 9. The HCF of , , is Sol. b. LCM of 250, 300 and 150 = 1500 sec
3 9 15
7 2 7 = 25 min.
a. b. 3 c. d. None of these Hence, john, kate and smith meet after 25 min.
45 5 30
28 CDS Pathfinder

PRACTICE EXERCISE
1. If x = 23 × 32 × 54 and y = 22 × 32 × 5 × 7, then 13. What is the HCF of a 2b4 + 2a 2b2 and ( ab)7 − 4a 2b9?
HCF of x and y is (a) ab (b) a2 b 2 (c) a2 b 3 (d) a3 b 2
(a) 180 (b) 360 (c) 540 (d) 35
14. If a number is exactly divisible by 11 and 13,
2. LCM of 2 × 3 × 5 and 2 × 5 × 7 is
3 4
which of the following types the number must be?
(a) Divisible by (11+13) (b) Divisible by (13 −11)
(a) 2 12
× 3× 5 ×7
2
(b) 2 × 5 × 7 × 9
4
(c) Divisible by (11×13) (d) Divisible by (13 ÷11)
(c) 2 × 3 × 5 × 7
4
(d) 2 × 3 × 5 × 7
3

15. What is the sum of the digits of the least number

4 3 7
3. LCM of , and is which when divided by 52, leaves 33 as
5 10 15 remainder, when divided by 78 leaves 59 and
2 8 4 when divided by 117, leaves 98 as remainder ?
(a) 8 (b) (c) 20 (d) 16
3 15 5 (a) 17 (b) 18 (c) 19 (d) 21
3 9 15
4. What is the HCF of , and ? 16. For any integer n, what is the HCF of integers
2 7 14 m = 2n + 1 and k = 9n + 4 ?
3 3 3
(a) (b) (c) (d) 3 (a) 3 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
7 14 2
17. For any three natural numbers a , b and c, if HCF
5. The least number divisible by 12, 15, 20 and is a
 a b
perfect square is ( a , b) = c, then HCF  ,  is
 c c
(a) 900 (b) 400 (c) 36 (d) 256
(a) a / c (b) b / c (c) c (d) Always 1
6. The least number which when divided by 5, 6, 7
and 8 leaves a remainder 3 is 18. Raj, Rachit and Asha begin to tag around a circular
(a) 423 (b) 843 (c) 1683 (d) 2523 stadium. They complete their revolutions in 42 s,
56 s and 63 s, respectively. After how many seconds
7. The HCF of two numbers is 1/5th of their LCM. will they be together at the starting point?
If the product of the two numbers is 720, then (a) 366 (b) 252 (c) 504 (d) 605
the HCF of the numbers is
(a) 13 (b) 12 (c) 14 (d) 18
19. Find the side of the largest possible square slabs
which can be paved on the floor of a room
8. The LCM of two numbers is 39780 and their 2m 50cm long and 1m 50cm broad. Also, find the
ratio is 13 : 15. Then, the numbers are number of such slabs to pave the floor.
(a) 273, 315 (b) 2652, 3060 (a) 25,20 (b) 30,15 (c) 50,15 (d) 55,10
(c) 516, 685 (d) None of these
20. Four bells begin to toll together and toll,
9. If the highest common factor of two positive respectively at intervals of 5, 6, 8 and 12 s. How
integers is 24, then their least common multiple many times will they toll together in an hour
cannot be excluding the one at the start?
(a) 72 (b) 216 (c) 372 (d) 600 (a) 10 (b) 19 (c) 13 (d) 9

10. If the HCF of three numbers 144, x and 192 is 21. 21 mango trees, 42 apple trees and 56 orange
12, then the number x cannot be trees have to be planted in rows such that
(a) 180 (b) 84 (c) 60 (d) 48 each row contains the same number of trees of
one variety only. What is the minimum number
11. Consider those numbers between 300 and 400 of rows in which the above trees may be planted?
such that when each number is divided by 6, 9 (a) 3 (b) 15 (c) 17 (d) 20
and 12, it leaves 4 as remainder in each case.
What is the sum of the numbers? 22. A person has four iron bars whose lengths are
(a) 692 (b) 764 (c) 1080 (d) 1092 24 m, 36 m, 48 m and 72 m, respectively. This
person wants to cut pieces of same length
12. What is the smallest positive integer which when from each of four bars. What is the least number
divided by 4, 5, 8 and 9 leaves remainder 3, 4, 7 of total pieces, if he is to cut without any
and 8, respectively? wastage?
(a) 119 (b) 319 (c) 359 (d) 719 (a) 10 b) 15 (c) 20 (d) 25
MATHEMATICS HCF and L CM of Numbers 29

23. For two natural numbers m and n, let gmn 33. For any integer n, HCF of (22n + 7, 33n + 10) is
denote the greatest common factor of m and n. equal to e 2014 I
Consider the following in respect of three natural (a) n (b) 1 (c) 11 (d) None of these
numbers k, m and n.
I. gm ( nk) = g(mn) k II. gmn gnk = gmk 34. In a fire range, 4 shooters are firing at their
respective targets. The first, the second, the
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
third and the fourth shooter hit the target once
(a) Only I (b) Only II
in every 5 s, 6 s, 7 s and 8 s, respectively. If all
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
of them hit their target at 9 : 00 am, when will
24. Consider the following in respect of integers a they hit their target together again? e 2014 I
and b (a) 9 : 04 am (b) 9 : 08 am
I. HCF (a , b) = HCF (a + b, b) (c) 9 : 14 am (d) None of these
II. HCF (a , b) = HCF (a , b − a ) for b > a 35. If a and b be positive integers, then HCF of
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?  a b 
 ,  equal to? e 2014 I
(a) Only I (b) Only II  HCF ( a,b) HCF ( a,b)
(c) Both I and II (d) None of these a
(a) a (b) b (c) 1 (d)
HCF (a, b )
PREVIOUS YEARS’ QUESTIONS 36. The HCF of two natural numbers m and n is 24
and their product is 552. How many sets of
25. The HCF and LCM of two natural numbers are values of m and n are possible? e 2014 II
12 and 72, respectively. What is the difference (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4
between the two numbers, if one of the numbers (d) No set of m and n is possible satisfying the given
is 24? e 2012 I conditions
(a) 12 (b) 18 (c) 21 (d) 24
37. The LCM of two integers is 1237. What is their
26. The sum of two numbers is 232 and their HCF is HCF? e 2014 II
29. What is the number of such pairs of numbers (a) 37 (b) 19
satisfying the above condition? e 2012 I (c) 1 (d) Cannot be determined
(a) One (b) Two (c) Four (d) None of these
38. There are 48 cricket balls, 72 hockey balls and
27. The product of HCF and LCM of 18 and 15 is 84 tennis balls and they have to be arranged in
e 2012 II several rows in such a way that every row
(a) 120 (b) 150 (c) 175 (d) 270 contains the same number of balls of one type.
28. Three planets revolve round the Sun once in 200, What is the minimum number of rows required
for this to happen? e 2014 II
250 and 300 days, respectively in their own
(a) 12 (b) 16 (c) 17 (d) 19
orbits. When do they all come relatively to the
same position at a certain point of time in their 39. Consider all positive two digit numbers each of
orbits? e 2012 II which when divided by 7 leaves a remainder 3.
(a) After 3000 days (b) After 2000 days What is their sum? e 2015 II
(c) After 1500 days (d) After 1200 days (a) 661 (b) 666 (c) 676 (d) 777

29. The LCM of two numbers is 2376 while their 40. What is the sum of digits of the least multiple of
HCF is 33. If one of the numbers is 297, then the 13, which when divided by 6, 8 and 12 leaves 5, 7
other number is e 2013 I
and 11, respectively, as the remainders? e 2015 II
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
(a) 216 (b) 264 (c) 642 (d) 792
30. The HCF of two numbers is 98 and their LCM is 41. The LCM of two numbers is 12 times their HCF.
The sum of HCF and LCM is 403. If one of the
2352. The sum of the numbers may be e 2013 II
numbers is 93, then the other number is e 2015 II
(a) 1372 (b) 1398 (c) 1426 (d) 1484 (a) 124 (b) 128 (c) 134 (d) 138
31. If for integers a, b and c, HCF ( a , b) = 1 and HCF 42. Consider the following in respect of natural
( a , c) = 1 , then which one of the following is numbers a , b and c e 2016 I
correct? e 2013 II I. LCM (ab, ac) = a LCM (b, c)
(a) HCF (a, bc ) = 1 (b) HCF (a, bc ) = a II. HCF (ab, ac) = a HCF (b, c)
(c) HCF (a, bc ) = b (d) None of these III. HCF (a , b) < LCM (a , b)
32. What is the number of integral solutions of the IV. HCF (a , b) divides LCM (a , b).
equations HCF (a, b) = 5 and a + b = 65 ? e 2014 I Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?
(a) Less than 65 (b) Infinitely many (a) III and II (b) III and IV
(c) Exactly one (d) None of these (c) I, II and IV (d) All of these
30 CDS Pathfinder

ANSWERS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42

HINTS AND SOLUTIONS

1. (a) Given, x = 23 × 32 × 54 9. (c) In the given options, only 372 is not 16. (b) Since, m = 2n + 1 is an odd integer,
and y = 22 × 32 × 5 × 7 divisible by 24. Therefore, LCM of so its factors may be 1 or 3 and
∴ HCF = 22 × 32 × 5 = 4 × 9 × 5 = 180 numbers cannot be 372. k = 9 n + 4 its factors may be 1, 2 and 4.
2. (c) Here, say a = 23 × 3 × 5 and 10. (d) Here, we know that Hence, HCF of (m , k ) is 1.
144 = 12 × 2 × 2 × 3 17. (d) It is always 1
b = 24 × 5 × 7, then and 192 = 12 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 Illustrations Let a = 21 and b = 35
LCM = 24 × 3 × 5 × 7 By taking option (d), 48 = 12 × 2 × 2
Then, HCF (21, 35) = 7
3. (d) Here, LCM Hence, the value of x will not be 48
∴ HCF  ,  = HCF (3, 5) = 1
21 35
LCM of 4, 3, 7 84 4 otherwise the HCF of given numbers  7 7
= = = 16 becomes 48.
HCF of 5, 10, 15 5 5
11. (a) LCM of 6, 9 and 12 = 36 18. (c) Required time = LCM of 42,56 and
4. (b) HCF  , ,  =
3 9 15 HCF (3, 9, 15) 63 s LCM of 42, 56 and 63 is
So, number is the form of 36 p + 4.
 2 7 14  LCM (2, 7, 14) 2 42, 56, 63
Since, the required numbers are between
3 3 21, 28, 63
= 300 and 400.
14 ∴ p = 9 and 10 7 7, 28, 21
5. (a) 2 1, 4, 3
12, 15, 20 ∴ Required sum = 328 + 364 = 692
2 6, 15, 10 ∴ Required time
12. (c) Here,
3 3, 15, 5 = 2 × 3 × 7 × 4 × 3 = 504 s.
4−3=5− 4=8− 7= 9−8= 1
5 1, 5, 5 19. (c) Side of largest possible square slab is
Now, 4 = 2 × 2, 5 = 5 the HCF of 250 cm and 150 cm
1, 1, 1
8 = 2 × 2 × 2, 9 = 3 × 3 250 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 2
LCM of 12, 15 and 20 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5
∴ LCM = 5 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 360 150 = 5 × 5 × 3 × 2
∴ Required perfect square
Required number = 360 − 1 = 359 ∴ HCF is 50. Then, number of slabs
= 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 = 900
13. (b) a 2 b 4 + 2a 2 b 2 = a 2 b 2 ( b 2 + 2) …(i) Area of floor 250 × 150
6. (b) To find out the least number, firstly = = = 15
we find out the LCM of given numbers. and ( ab )7 − 4a 2 b 9 = a 7 b 7 − 4a 2 b 9 Area of slab 50 × 50
∴ LCM (5, 6, 7, 8) = a 2 b 2 ( a 5 b 5 − 4b 7 ) …(ii) 20. (a) Here, LCM of 5, 6, 8 and 12 is 360, so
= LCM (5, 2 × 3, 7, 23 ) = 840 From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get the bells will toll after 360 s.
∴ Required number = 840 + 3 = 843 HCF = a 2 b 2 So, in an hour they will toll together
60 × 60
7. (b) Let LCM = 5x, then HCF = x 14. (c) LCM of 11 and 13 will be ( 11 × 13). = = 10 times
Now, product of numbers = 720 Hence, if a number is exactly divisible 360
So, 5x × x = 720 by 11 and 13, then the same number 21. (c) The HCF of (21, 42, 56) is 7.
⇒ 5x2 = 720 ⇒ x = 12 must be exactly divisible by their LCM ∴ The minimum number of rows
i.e. ( 11 × 13). 21 42 56
8. (b) The numbers are 13x and 15x. = + +
So, x is the HCF. Now, 15. (a) Here, 52 − 33 = 78 − 59 7 7 7
= 117 − 98 = 19 = 3 + 6 + 8 = 17
HCF × LCM = Product of numbers 52 = 13 × 2 × 2
Now, 22. (b) Here, 24 = 12 × 2, 36 = 12 × 3
x × 39780 = 13x × 15x ⇒ 78 = 13 × 2 × 3
48 = 12 × 4, 72 = 12 × 6
⇒ x × 39780 = 13 × 15 × x2 ⇒ 117 = 13 × 3 × 3
39780 ∴ LCM = 13 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 468 ∴ HCF ( 24, 36, 48, 72) = 12
⇒ x= = 204. 24 36 48 72
13 × 15 ∴ Required number = 468 − 19 = 449 Total piece = + + +
12 12 12 12
∴ Numbers are 13 × 204 = 2652 and Hence, the sum of the digits is 17.
15 × 204 = 3060 = 2 + 3 + 4 + 6 = 15
MATHEMATICS HCF and L CM of Numbers 31

23. (d) I. Let three natural numbers are 30. (a) It is given that, the HCF of two 38. (c) Given, number of cricket balls
m = 16, n = 15, k = 20 numbers is 98. This means that both the = 48 = 24 × 3
∴ gm = g =4 numbers are multiples of 98. Therefore,
( nk ) 16 ( 300 ) the sum of these two numbers must also Number of hockey balls = 72 = 23 × 32
and g = g = 20 be a multiple of 98. Among all the four and number of tennis balls
(m n ) k 240 ( 20 )
∴ g ≠ g options given, only option (a) satisfies = 84 = 22 × 3 × 7
m ( nk ) ( mn ) k
this condition.
II. g mn g = g g = 1×5 =5 ∴ HCF of 48, 72 and 84 = 22 × 3 = 12
nk 16 , 15 15 , 20
and g = g =4 31. (a) For integers a, b and c, if HCF (a, b) = Now, minimum number of rows
mk 16 , 20 1 and HCF (a, c) = 1 then, HCF (a, b c)
∴ g mn g ≠ g 48 72 84
nk mk =1 = + +
So, neither I nor II is correct. 12 12 12
32. (a) HCF ( a , b ) = 5
24. (c) I. Let a = 4, and b = 10 = 4 + 6 + 7 = 17
Let a = 5x and b = 5 y
∴ a + b = 14 39. (c) The required numbers are 10, 17,
∴ 5x + 5 y = 65 ⇒ x + y = 13
24,…, 94.
HCF ( 4, 10) = 2 ∴ Number of pairs of ( x, y ) = ( 1, 12),
Total number of numbers is 13.
and HCF (14, 10) = 2 (2, 11), (3, 10), (4, 9), (5, 8), (6, 7)
Sum of these numbers
∴ HCF ( a , b ) = HCF ( a + b , b ) Hence, number of solutions is less than
13 13
II. Let a = 6 and b = 15 65. = [ 10 + 94] = × 104
2 2
∴ b − a = 15 − 6 = 9 33. (b) HCF of (22n + 7, 33n + 10) is
always 1. = 13 × 52 = 676
HCF (6, 15) = 3
Illustration For n = 1, HCF (29, 43) 40. (d) Here, 6 − 5 = 1, 8 − 7 = 1
HCF (6, 9) = 3
=1 12 − 11 = 1
∴ HCF ( a , b ) = HCF ( a , b − a )
LCM × HCF For n = 2, HCF (51, 76) = 1 LCM of 6,8 and 12 = 24
25. (a) Second number =
First number For n = 3, HCF (73, 109)= 1 Required number
72 × 12 34. (c) Time after which they will hit the = 24 k − 1, k is any natural number
= = 36 target together again
24 For k = 6, the number = 144 − 1 = 143
∴ Difference between two numbers = LCM of 5, 6, 7 and 8 which is multiple of 13
= 36 − 24 = 12 = 5 × 3 × 7 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 840 s So, sum of digits = 1 + 4 + 3 = 8
26. (b) Let two numbers be 29x and 29 y. Duration after which they will hit target 41. (a) Let other number be b and HCF be x.
together
29 x + 29 y = 232 ⇒ x + y = 8 ⇒ LCM = 12x
840
∴ ( x, y ) = ( 1, 7), (3, 5) = = 14 min.
60 We have, x + 12x = 403 ⇒ 13x = 403
Hence, one such pair is 87 and 145. So, they will hit the target together after ∴ x = 31
and the other pair is 203 and 29. 14 min. Product of two numbers
27. (d) Here, 18 = 2 × 3 × 3 and 15 = 3 × 5 Hence, they will hit together again at = LCM × HCF
9 : 14 am. ∴ 93 × b = x × 12x
HCF of 18 and 15 = 3
 a b  ⇒ 93 × b = 12 × 31 × 31
LCM of 18 and 15 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 90 35. (c) HCF  ,  is
 HCF a, b HCF a, b 
∴ b = 124
∴ Product of HCF and LCM of both always equal to 1.
numbers = 3 × 90 = 270 42. (d) a , b and c are natural numbers.
Illustration Let the two positive
28. (a) Given that, three planets revolves the I. LCM of ( ab , ac ) = abc
integers be a = 24 and b = 36.
Sun once in 200, 250 and 300 days, a × LCM of ( b , c ) = abc
 
∴HCF  
respectively in their own orbits. 24 36 Hence, statement I is correct.
,
∴ Required time = LCM of 200, 250  HCF ( 24, 36) HCF ( 24, 36)  II. HCF ( ab , ac ) = a HCF ( b , c )
 
and 300 = 3000 days HCF of ( ab , ac ) = Common factor of
HCF  ,  ⇒ HCF (2, 3) = 1
24 36
( ab , ac )
Hence, after 3000 days they all come  12 12 
relatively to the same position at a and a × HCF ( b , c ) = a × common
certain point of time in their orbits. 36. (d) LCM of two natural numbers factor of ( b , c )
Product of m and n 552 Hence, statement II is correct.
29. (b) Given, LCM of two numbers = 2376 = = = 23
HCF of two numbers = 33 HCF of m and n 24 III. We know that HCF is always less
Here, no set of m and n is possible than LCM.
One of the number = 297
satisfying the given conditions as LCM Hence, statement III is correct.
(HCF of two numbers) × (LCM of is always a multiple of HCF. IV. HCF ( a , b ) divides LCM ( a , b )
two numbers) because a common factor
37. (c) Given, LCM of two integers is 1237,
= (First number) × (Second number) between a , b always divides ( a × b ).
which is a prime number.
33 × 2376 Hence, statement IV is correct.
∴ Second number = = 264 So, their HCF is 1.
297