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Classroom
Management
in Teacher
Education
Programs
Jonathan Ryan Davis
Series Editors
Alan R. Sadovnik
Rutgers University–Newark
Newark, NJ, USA
Susan F. Semel
Secondary Education
City College of New York
New York, NY, USA
More information about this series at
http://www.springer.com/series/14572
Jonathan Ryan Davis
Classroom
Management in
Teacher Education
Programs
Jonathan Ryan Davis
The College of New Jersey
Department of Educational Administration
and Secondary Education
Ewing, NJ, USA
v
vi SERIES FOREWORD
Alan R. Sadovnik
Susan F. Semel
Acknowledgments
This book would not have been possible without the love, support, and
mentorship of so many people and the generous time of faculty and stu-
dents at “Public University.” I would first like to thank my amazing wife
Becca for her unwavering support through the writing of this book. My
mom, dad, step-mom, step-dad, in-laws, and siblings have always provided
encouragement while my friends have been extremely understanding of
my abnormal and hectic schedule over the last few years. Lastly, thank you
to my daughter Zola for inspiring me to efficiently complete this book and
make it a reality.
My research and book has gone through many forms and drafts. Thank
you to Palgrave Macmillan for their commitment to this research and Alan
Sadovnik and Susan Semel for their willingness to include my book in their
important Urban Education book series. Their feedback on my book
shaped it into what it became. This work would also not have been possi-
ble without the mentorship of Terrie Epstein, who has helped me better
understand the purpose of teacher education while also providing consis-
tent encouragement throughout my years of research and entry into the
field of teacher education. Through initial research and writing of this
book, Paul Attewell, my dissertation advisor, provided sage guidance,
thoughtful feedback, and he has pushed me to produce important, practi-
cal research. Nicholas Michelli has provided me with a unique perspective
of teacher education and the reforms I will need to navigate as a researcher
and teacher educator. Thank you as well to Phil Kasinitz for his support
throughout the research and writing of the book.
ix
x ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
7 Conclusion215
xi
xii CONTENTS
Index267
List of Tables
xiii
CHAPTER 1
they had learned the skills they needed while on the job. Not surprisingly,
95% of these teachers stated they thought a course in classroom manage-
ment would be very beneficial to new teachers (p. 888).
In a 1989 survey, over 80% of 1,388 teachers indicated that their university
program did not offer an undergraduate course that focused on classroom
management strategies at all. … In addition, in an in-depth examination of
27 teacher preparation programs at the secondary level, they found that only
16% of these programs offered classroom management as a separate course.
… Blum (1994) surveyed the 467 existing colleges and universities that were
then accredited by the National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher
Education (NCATE). Results received from 266 of these institutions found
that, although 51% of these institutions offered a specific course on class-
room management and discipline at the undergraduate level, only 43% of
preservice teachers at these institutions were required to take such a course
… [though] this number should be interpreted with caution, as these are
data were reported by the teacher preparation programs themselves (p. 910).
This contrast between the offerings of early entry programs and tradi-
tional teacher education programs is alarming. While there are potential
concerns about the models of programs like TFA and Teaching Fellows,
their emphasis on classroom management illuminates, when one has to
choose, classroom management is the most critical skill to provide new
teachers before they enter the classroom.
After analyzing 50 years of research, Wang et al. (1993/4) found that class-
room management is one of the largest factors in student learning, more
prominent than metacognitive processes, cognitive processes, the home
environment, parental support, student/teacher interaction, and social/
behavioral attitudes. Therefore, it is not surprising that some scholars have
started to emphasize the benefit of new teachers learning classroom man-
agement skills during their coursework to help them successfully implement
these skills in the classroom. For instance, Stough (2006) embraced the
findings of Wang et al. when she wrote, “it is up to those of us who prepare
teachers to ensure that the essential skill of classroom management becomes
a fundamental part of the training program of all teachers” (p. 921).
8 1 INTRODUCTION: THE PROBLEM OF INTEGRATING CLASSROOM...
turf wars; (2) adhering to state standards, K–12 state reform, and federal
reforms; (3) the dual responsibility of preparing students for degree and
certification requirement; (4) content area faculty mistrusting the school
of education; and (5) how school of education programs might impact
content area programs. Therefore, if a program wants to make a structural
change to integrate more classroom management coursework, political
and organizational changes like those described by Akmal and Miller
(2003) could impede any successful changes.
In addressing how programs might alter how they teach existing
courses, Grossman, Hammerness, and McDonald (2009) examined the
rigid divide between methods and foundation courses and university
courses and field placements, all of which struggle to organize around
common, core practices. These divides can result in pre-service teachers
feeling caught between different expectations from each stakeholder and/
or one stakeholder undermining the work of another by presenting con-
flicting information to their pre-service teachers. A solution to this prob-
lem is bringing each stakeholder together—university faculty, supervisors,
and cooperating teachers—to agree on core teaching practices and strate-
gies for bridging the theory–practice divide in an integrative way.
Because of the obstacles described above, this book explores the inte-
gration of classroom management coursework into existing courses—spe-
cifically methods courses—so that there is a stronger link between theory
and practice while also avoiding the politics that often exists between vari-
ous stakeholders.
Answering these questions will help fill at least two gaps in the literature
on classroom management and teacher education. First, this book contrib-
utes to existing literature on how classroom management must evolve beyond
the discipline-based approach to one that is more focused on creating a posi-
tive classroom learning environment in order to mitigate behavioral prob-
lems. To achieve this more nuanced conception of classroom management, I
integrated innovative, culturally responsive classroom management theories,
frameworks, and strategies from contemporary educators to create a new
theoretical and conceptual foundation for classroom management—the
A BRIEF PREVIEW OF THE BOOK 11
NYC that did integrate DCMA and other classroom management strate-
gies into the class. The chapter follows each student from their methods
course into student teaching. Then Chap. 6 explores the impact of having
classroom management coursework once these students graduated from
Public University and began teaching in their own classrooms.
The conclusion, Chap. 7, evaluates, compares, and contrasts the empiri-
cal evidence on the effects of integrating DCMA into methods coursework.
It then discusses challenges teacher educators might face organizationally,
instructionally, and in terms of curriculum when integrating classroom
management coursework into their course before ending with lessons
learned on how teacher educators might best integrate classroom manage-
ment strategies into their teacher preparation programs.
Notes
1. This study is not advocating that classroom management should only
be included in teacher preparation courses as a stand-alone course. However,
this chapter discusses data about exclusive classroom management courses
in teacher preparation programs because that is the most accurate available
data. Instead of advocating for one stand-alone classroom management
course, I support the systematic infusion of classroom management sup-
ports and techniques into core teacher education courses, like methods
and education psychology; such integration will likely be more beneficial
to pre-service teachers.
2. This was the case with Public University, the site of my study. Only students
getting certified in special education were provided and required to take a
course in classroom management.
3. For instance, I was sought out to submit a paper to the Classroom
Management Special Interest Group (SIG) for the 2015 Annual Meeting
because the SIG chair saw that I had presented on classroom management
related material in the previous year’s annual meeting.
4. All names of schools and people in the book are pseudonyms to protect the
identity of the study’s participants.
References
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Allen, K. P. (2010). Classroom management, bullying, and teacher practices. The
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CHAPTER 2
I am horribly aware of the fact that I don’t really know how to get them
[to stop talking]. Like I can make sure that they’re not sitting with
most of their friends and try to not say anything until they stop talking,
but I never get that chance, so I just kind of have to end up talking a
little over them.
—Dana after a month of student teaching
See Appendix A for a description of the methods used in the two-year, multiple
case study used for this book.
»Rakas lapsi, ota tuo palli ja istuudu tänne ja kuuntele mitä minulla
on sinulle sanottavaa. Kuten tiedät, olen minä sinun suhteesi äidin
asemassa. Minun täytyy valvoa etuasi ja suojella sinua. Pelkään
sinun olevan… liian kiemailevan… Sinun ikäisenäsi olin tosin
minäkin kiemaileva, mutta ainoastaan sellaisille ihmisille, joille äitini
luvalla sain kiemailla. Olen vakuutettu, että sinulla ensi talvena on
tilaisuus keskiviikkokutsuissani tehdä sopivia valloituksia. Siellä on
esimerkiksi majuri, paroni Schimmerer, joka on leskimies ja omistaa
kolmikerroksisen talon jossain Wienin esikaupungissa…»
»Ja miksi en! Äiti sanoi aina, että minusta on tuleva kreivitär tai
miljoonain omistaja…»
Hanna oli tuskin jäänyt yksin, kun jo suli kyyneliin. Nyt hän vasta
selvästi tunsi rakastavansa nuorta tiedemiestä. Ja tämä… tämä oli
pyytänyt häntä vaimokseen; varmaankin riippui hänen elämänsä
vastauksesta… ja kummitäti aikoi musertaa hänen sydämensä
rukkasilla. Ei, tapahtukoon mitä hyvänsä, hän vastaa myöntyvästi.
»Sisään!»
»Tulevaisuuteni.»
»Vastaus on myöntävä.»
Hanna huokasi.
»Ei, ei… pukujen takia en epäile… mutta jos Ewald ei ole mukana,
on kai sopimatonta…»
»Oh, miten ikävä ilta!» hän huokaa. »Miten olet nyt huvitellut
lapsi?»
»Kuninkaallisesti!»